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Pass r-'M- 
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MANCHESTER. 

V --— 

A BRIEF RECORD OF ITS PAST 

AND 

A PICTURE OF ITS PRESENT, 

INCLUDING 



AN ACCOUNT OF ITS 
SETTLEMENT AND OF TTS 
GROWTH AS TOWN AND CITY: A 
HISTOR Y OF ITS SCHOOLS, CHURCHES, 
SOCIETIES, BANKS. POST-OFFICES, NEWSPA- 
PERS AND MANUFACTURES; A DESCRIPTION OF 
ITS GOVERNMENT, POLICE AND FIRE DEPARTMENT, 
PUBLIC BUILDINGS, LIBRARY, WATER-WORKS, CEMETERIES, 
STREETS, STREAMS, RAILWA YS AND BRIDGES; A COMPLETE LIST OF 
THE SELECTMEN, MODERATORS AND CLERKS OF THE TOWN 
AND MEMBERS OF THE COUNCILS, MARSHALS AND ENGIN- 
EERS OF THE CITY, WITH THE STATE OF THE VOTE 
FOR MAYOR AT EACH ELECTION; THE STORY 
OF ITS PART IN THE WAR OF THE REBEL- 
LION WITH A COMPLETE LIST OF ALL 
ITS SOLDIERS WHO WENT TO 
THE WAR; AND SKETCHES 
OF ITS ItEPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS. 



THIRTY- EIGHT STEEL AND Er^HTESN WOOD ENGRAVINGS OF ITS 
PROMINENT MjSN AND IJUTLDINGS. 



MANCHESTER, N. H. : 

JOHN B. CLARKE, 
1875. 



/^'ff- 



Entered according to act of Congress in the year 1875, by 

JOHN B. CLARKE, 

in the offlce of tlie Librarian of Congress, at Washington, D. C. 

IN EXCHANGE 
N. Y. State Lib, 

OEC 7 , 1915 



^i.V. S+^-Vt Ui lo >r?\ r 



7 



Mirror Office : JOHN B. CLARKE, 

MAKCHESTKR, N. H. 



PREFACE 



This book is designed to answer the question, " What has Man- 
chester been and what is it to-day V " It aims to record briefly 
the circumstances of its origin and growth as the background to a 
picture of its present life. 

The credit of collecting and writing its contents, under my su- 
pervision, belongs to my nephew, Maurice D. Clarke. The sour- 
ces have been many from wliich inlbrmation has been obtained 
and the chance for inaccuracy has been therefore great. Rec- 
ords have been found to err, personal recollections have conflict- 
ed, but comparison of difierent authorities has been made when 
possible and accuracy has been sought if not reached. 

The lirst tvventy-four pages were condensed from Judge Potter's 
"History of Manchester " and the list of town and city officei's had 
been prepared by Judge Isaac W. Smith when he revised the city 
ordinances. The writer acknowledges indebtedness, also, to the 
ofRcers of the corporations, banks, churches and societies ; to Ex- 
Gov. E. A. Straw, Ex-Gov. Frederick Smyth, Col. Phinehas 
Adams and the city clerk, Joseph E. Bennett, for valuable infor- 
mation; to Charles H. Marshall, librarian of the public library, 
for unusual privileges ; to the Hon. Joseph W. Fellows, an 
acknowledged authority upon Freemasonry; to Sylvester C. Gould, 
whose large collection of documents bearing upon the city's early 
years has been the source from which much has been drawn ; and, 
in general, to the lion. Jacob F. James, Joseph G. Edgerly, 
Joseph L. Stevens, D. K. Mack, R. II. Hassam and (Very many 
others whom there is no space to enumerate. 




.lune, IS?.'). . 



ERRATA. 



Page 30, line 14, read March for October. 

Page 169, line 23, read Presbyterian for Congregational. 

Page 193, lines 21, 29, 31, read Alphonso for Alpheus. 

Page 273, line 14, read 1842 for 1852. 

Page 273, line 20, read l8ol for 1841. 

Page 327, line 19, read 1844 for 1845. 



CONTENTS. 



The Early History— 1622-1751 9 

Derryfield— 1751-1810 15 

Manchester— A Town— 1810-1846 23 

Manchester— A City— 1846-1875 41 

The City of To-Day , 65 

Schools 109 

Religious and Benevolent Societies 127 

Miscellaneous Societies 211 

Post-Offices, Banks and Insurance Companies 249 

Manufactures 267 

Newspapers 323 

Manchester in the Rebellion 339 

Residences 471 

Representative Men 373 

Index 445 



ILLUSTRATIONS. 



portrait of Col. Phinehas Adams to face page 10 

William Amory. 16 

Amoskeag Manutaciuring Companj^'s Mills — View from the 

AVest side of the River 24 

Portrait of Charles E. Bak-h 82 

the Hon. Charles H. Bartlett 40 

Joseph E. Bennett 48 

Aretas Blood 56 

Dr. W. W. Brown 64 

the Hon. David A. Bunton 72 

Amoskeag Manufactnriiig Company — Dam and Gate-Honse.. 78 

Court-Honse 82 

Publie Liln-ary 88 

Manchester Water-Works — Pumping Station 1)4 

Location of the Dam, Races, etc.. 104 

Details of Peustock 112 

Details of Dam 120 

Section of Pnmping-Station and 

Pumps 1 28 

Plan of Pumpiug-Station and 

Pumps 136 

Details of Reservoir 144 

Portrait of the Hon. G. Byron Chandler 152 

the Hon. P. C. Cheney 160 

the Hon. Joseph B. Clark I(i8 

the Hon. L. W. Clark 176 

John B. Clarke 184 

the Hon. William C. Clarke 192 

Dr. Josiah Crosby' 200 

the Hon. Moody Currier 208 

Col. M. V. B. Edgerly 216 



Portrait of the Hon. Moses Fellows 224 

the Hon. Herman Foster 232 

the Hon. E. W. Harrington 240 

Gen. Natt Head 248 

the Hon . John Hosley -2i'A] 

the Hon. Jacob F. James 264 

Amoskeag Mannfacturing Company — Counting-Housc and 

Buildings on Upper Canal 272 

Amoskeag Manufacturing Company's Mills — Lower Yard 280 

Stark Miils 288 

Portrait of the Hon. Warren L. Lane 296 

Amoskeag Manufacturing Company — Machine-Shops and 

Lower Mill-Yard 804 

Amoskeag Manufacturing Company — Lumber-Yard, Mechan- 
ics' Eow, Gate-House and Dam 312 

Portrait of Col. B. F. Martin 320 

the Hon. John P. Kewell 328 

A. P. Olzendam 336 

the Hon. Nathan Parker 344 

the Hon. C. E. Potter 352 

Gen. William P. Riddle 360 

Eesidence of Ex-Gov. Frederick Smyth 370 

Portrait of Col. Waterman Smith 376 

the Hon. Frederick Smyth 384 

the Hon. C. W. Stanley 392 

the Hon. E. A. Straw 400 

D. B. Varney 408 

Residence of Col. B. F. Martin 416 

Portrait of the Rev. C. W. Wallace 424 

Residence of Col. Waterman Smith 430 

Portrait of the Hon. James A. Weston 440 



THE EARLY HISTORY. 



1622 — 1751. 

f^X^ RECORD of the City of Manchester may be written 
^M^=in one sentence, of which a history is the expan- 

^'>>^h sion. After an embryonic life of years it was born 
in 1751, attained its majority in 1846, and is in the prime 
of manhood to-day. The land on which it stands was 
shared with several towns till the beginning of its individ- 
ual life, and the history of this territory is for some dis- 
tance identical with that of the state of which it forms a 
part. 

Among the speculators whom the discovery of a western 
continent produced in the old world were Sir Ferdinando 
Gorges and Capt. John Mason, who obtained from the 
English government in 1622 a grant of land which in- 
cluded the greater part of New Hampshire. They subse- 
quently dissolved partnership and Mason became the sole 
proprietor of the land west of the Piscataqua river, deriv- 
ing his title from the king of England, who professed to be 
the owner. On the other hand, the Rev. John Wheel- 
wright of Braintree, Mass., obtained. May 17, 1629, from 
Passaconnaway, the head of the Pennacook Indians, and 
three other chiefs, whom he deemed the proprietors by 
right, a deed of the southern part of the state, which en- 
closed a large piece of Mason's grant, and, banished by the 
Puritans from Massachusetts on account of his religion. 



10 Manchester. 

settled in Exeter. The dispute between tliese claimants 
descended to their heirs and was the seed of much strife. 

The first settlement of Londonderry was made in 1719 
by Scotch Irish people, who obtained from John, the grand- 
son of the Rev. John Wheelwright, a deed dated October 
20, 1719, which conveyed to them a tract of land ten miles 
square, in what was known as the "chestnut country" from 
the abundance of its chestnut trees, which also gave the 
name of "Nutfield" to Londonderry. To them in 1722 the 
governor of the province made a grant which was the third 
within the present limits of Manchester. The lirst was a 
gift in 1663 to the Indian chief, Passaconnaway, who had 
been reduced to poverty, and the second, which included 
nearly half of Manchester and was the ancient Chester, 
was made by the governor in 1720 to a number of men 
Avho, wrongly supposing the settlers of Londonderry to be 
Irishmen and Roman Catholics, were anxious to obtain 
beforehand the territory on which the latter had settled. 
Their plan was thwarted by their ignorance of civil engin- 
eering and their consequent inability to fit their deed to the 
land in question. 

The Presbyterian settlers of Londonderry had played 
much the same part in Scotland as the Puritans in England. 
Persecuted by Episcopalians and Roman Catholics, they 
sought a refuge in the north of Ireland, and, after fighting 
for their religious rights and enduring the memorable siege 
of Londonderry, followed the Puritans to the new world, 
coming to Boston in 1718 and to Londonderry tlic next 
year, introducing in this connti-y the cultivation of the po- 
tato and the spinning of flax. They were eminently men 
of energy, independence and a bluff honesty, and of them 
were the first settlers of Manchester in 1722. 

Till then the territory of the latter town had been occu- 
])ied by Indian tribes, of whom the Namaoskeags, who were 
subject to the Pcnnacooks, dwelt around Amoskeag Falls. 








c^VdO/r/zS 



Early History: 1022-1751. 11 

Namaoskeag — the place of iniicli fish — originally meant 
the series of falls and rapids from Concord to Nashua, in 
all of which fish had abounded, Ijut the latter at length 
were found in plenty only at Amoskeag and the name was 
therefore restricted to that place. Here the Rev, John 
Eliot, the "Apostle to the Indians," preached about 1651 ; 
here, later, Simon Betogkom, a Christian Indian, exhorted 
his fellows ; and here were supported by the converted sav- 
ages the first preaching and school in the state north of 
Exeter. The river at this point overflowed, in the season, 
with salmon, shad, ale wives and lamprey-eels going up the 
river to spawn; the alewives vanishing in the small rivu- 
lets above the Falls, the eels seeking the pebbly bottoms, 
the salmon and shad separating at the forks at Franklin 
to ascend, the one the Femigewasset and the other the 
Winnipisseogee. 

These fisheries the proprietors of Londonderry had 
meant to secure in their grant, but their ignorance of the 
country made their surveys faulty, and a strip of land be- 
tween the then line of Chester and the Merrimack, a little 
over a mile wide and eight miles in length, extending from 
what is now Hooksett to Fiitchfield, was left outside of any 
provincial grant. This piece of land, on which the mills 
and stores of Manchester stand to-day, was called Harry- 
town. 

In 1722, John Croffe, jr., and his brothers-in-law, Edward 
Lingfield and Benjamin Kidder, men from Massachusetts 
who were related to the Londonderry settlers, built foi' 
themselves houses ori Cohas brook, being the first known 
inhabitants within the present city. Goffe lived on the 
north bank of the brook nearly opposite the falls to which 
he has left his name. As early as 1729 people from Mas- 
sachusetts had made settlements upon the ungranted land 
near Amoskeag Falls and, to establish the right of London- 
derry to the place, in 17oo xVrchibald Stark (the father of 



12 Manchester. 

the Revohitionaij hero), John McNeil and John Riddell 
(as the name was then spelt) went from that town to oc- 
cupy lands near the Falls, Stark settling upon the "Stark 
place," McNeil upon the "Kidder farm," and Riddell upon 
the "Ray farm." These were the first known white settlers 
near Amoskeag Falls. 

All the New Hampshire settlements had been usurped in 
1658 by Massachusetts, but in 1(JT9 New Hampshire was 
made a royal province. In 1686, however, it was united 
with the rest of the colonies into New England and made 
a province subordinate to Massachusetts authority. In 
1733 seven tracts of land in New Hampshire were granted 
to soldiers in the Narragansett War of 1675 under the 
name of "Narragansett townships." The southeastern part 
of Narragansett No. TV included the village of Amoskeag 
and was the fourth grant of land within the limits of Man- 
chester. Narragansett No. V included what is now Fiscata- 
quog village and was the fifth grant. In 1735 Massachu- 
setts granted also a tract of land on the east side of the 
Merrimack, three miles wide and extending from Suncook 
to Litchfield, to Major Ephraim Hildreth, John Shepley and 
other soldiers who had fought the Indians in 1703 under 
Captain William Tyng, in whose honor the place was 
named Tyngstown. It included the old Harrytown and 
was the sixth grant within Manchester's limits. Major 
Hildreth, in 1735 or 1736, built upon the Cohas, a little 
east of Harvey's mills, a saw-mill, the first mill of any 
kind in Manchester. A settlement grew up there, and a 
meeting-house was built in the vicinity which was after- 
wards destroyed by sparks from l)urning woods. But the 
feuds between the New England Puritans and the Scotch 
Presbyterians prevented the permanent establishment of 
church or school. 

During all this time there had been continual contro- 
versy as to the boundary line between New Hampshire ajid 



Early History: 1622-1751. 13 

Massachusetts, which was settled in 1740 by cutting off 
from Massachusetts tweuty-six townships which she had 
claimed as hers, among which was Tyngstown. The next 
year New Hampshire was made a separate province and 
Benning Wentworth governor. 

In the French and Indian War, which began in 1746 
and was concluded by the treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle in 
1748, the settlers took a worthy part, building a fort at the 
outlet of what is now Nutt's pond, a place central to the 
three settlements at Amoskeag, Gofife's Falls and what are 
now Webster's mills. At the latter place John McMurphy 
and his son Alexander had built in 1742 a saw-mill, with 
some idea that iron ore might be mined in that vicinity. 

In 1746 Captain Mason sold his claim to a number of 
men, who gave up the title to their lands in incorporated 
towns, but the people of Harrytown and the Narragansett 
townships were obliged to pay them a small sum. About 
this time the settlers on this ungranted tract became desir- 
ous of living in a town of their own, and, as it was too 
small to make a township Avithout additions, the latter were 
obtained by subtraction from others adjacent. So, at a 
mating of the governor and council, September 3, 1751, a 
charter was granted, under the name of Derryfield, to a ter- 
ritory which enclosed eighteen square miles of the south- 
west part of Chester, nine square miles of the northwest 
part of Londonderry, and eight square miles of Harry- 
town, thirty-five miles in all, making a township of irregu- 
lar shape and various soils. The north part of Harrytown, 
called Henrysburg or Henry sborough, was left ungranted 
but was annexed in 1792. The charter was written in the 
name of the king of England, George II, and signed by 
the governor, Benning Wentworth. The name of Derry- 
field is said to have been given to the new township be- 
cause the people of Derry had been used to pasture their 
cows within it. 



DERRYFIELD. 



1751 — 1810. 




HE first meeting of the inhabitants of the new-born 
town was held September 9, 1751, at the house of 
John Hall, a tavern-keeper living at what is now 
known as "Manchester Centre," and in that vicinity they 
continued to assemble till 1840. At that meeting were 
chosen five selectmen, a town-clerk, two auditors, a con- 
stable, two tithing-men, two surveyors of highways, two 
invoice men, two haywards, two dcerkeepers, a culler of 
staves and a surveyor of lumber. Between the third day 
of March and the twenty-second of tlie next Febivuary 
eleven roads were laid out, of which eight were wholly or 
in part new. 

The Seven Years' War, between the British and French, 
began in 1754 and lasted till 1761, and in it the men of 
Derryfield bore a prominent part, the "Rangers," under 
command of Col. John Goffe, Capt. Robert Rogers and 
Capt. John Stark, being especially noted. It is a curious 
fact that Col. Goffe's men, dressed in odd clothes, wearing 
their hair long or tied in queues, their heads protected by 
woolen nightcaps, suggested to Dr. Shackburg, a surgeon 
in the British regular army, the idea of writing to a tune 
called " Nankey Doodle," which had come down from 
CromwclUs time, a song in derision of these nondescripts, 
changing "Nankey" to "Yankey" and thus originating the 
title of the popular air of to-day. 



16 Manchester. 

At the close of this war a day of rest and prosperity, 
dawned upon the New England colonies, though its light 
was faint in Derryfield. Its settlers were enticed from 
their farms by the fisheries, the thrift which belongs to 
agricultuLe was wanting, and the Scotch Presbyterians and 
English Puritans, whose union the war had cemented, 
broke apart and quarreled. At the town-meeting in 1751 
money had been appropriated to pay for preaching, but it 
does not appear that a preacher was hired. At a meeting 
in 1753 certain barns were designated as places of worship 
and a call was extended to Alexander McDowell, but he 
seems to have made no reply. In 1754 the town voted to 
build a meeting-house at the Centre. The frame was put 
up in 1758 and from that time till 1766 there was a con- 
tinual quarrel about the support of preaching and the loca- 
tion of the house. The popular feeling was deeply stirred 
and the resolves of one meeting were vetoed at the next. 
This condition of affairs bore its natural fruit in a depopu- 
lation of the town, there having been a decrease of one-fifth 
of the polls in the year which ended with March, 1766. 

At the town-meeting which was held on the third day of 
that month the party which favored the existing location 
of the meeting-house gathered in force with extreme punc- 
tuality and "went through the motions" in great haste, 
electing their own officers and then adjourning. When 
the other faction came upon the scene and learned what 
had happened, they also elected a full set of officers, claim- 
ing the previous proceedings illegal. This of necessity 
caused confusion, and the state legislature of that year, 
upon petition of a number of the citizens of Derryfield, 
passed a bill vacating the town-meetings of that year and 
ordering a special meeting on the thirteenth of August. 
At that time the party before victorious again triumphed, 
but, at a special meeting held December 22, their opponents 
carried the day and refused to vote money for preaching or 
lor anything else. 





(^^^-d^^^,^ 



Derryfield: 1751-1810. 17 

This added to the trouble, but at the town-meeting held 
March 2, 1767, a compromise was probably made and a 
reconciliation effected between the two factions. Even 
during this sorry quarrel preaching had been maintained a 
part of each year, and in 1773 it was voted to hire the Rev. 
George Gilmore, but he neglected to reply to the invita- 
tion. The meeting-house, which by this time had been 
partially finished, was repaired in 1790 and the pews were 
sold. In 1792 the space in the gallery was sold but pews 
were never built in it and the building was never finished 
for a meeting-house. When the village on the river, which 
the Amoskeag Company started, grew up, it was voted to 
hold the town-meetings there, and the old house, in which 
the town had so long held its religious and secular meet- 
ings, was sold and converted into a dwelling-house. It is 
still standing next to the burying-ground on the road 
through the Centre. 

In 1771 New Hampshire was divided into five counties, 
and Derryfield was attached to one of them called Hills- 
borough in honor of Willis Hills, Earl of Hillsborough and 
a member of the privy council of George III. All the 
courts had hitherto been held at Portsmouth, but now Am- 
herst was made a shire town, and courts of general ses- 
sions, common pleas and probate established. The Hon. 
Samuel Blodget of Derryfield, to be widely known after- 
wards as the projector and builder of the Blodget canal, 
was made a "justice of the court of common pleas of the 
peace for Hillsborough county." 

Derryfield shared with the rest of the country the inspi- 
rations of tyranny and insult which aroused the colonists 
to the Revolutionary War in 1775, and endured, besides, 
provocations peculiar to itself and its vicinity. When the 
lands of New Hampshire were first granted, all the white 
pine trees, from fifteen to thirty-six inches in diameter, 
were reserved by the king to make masts for the royal 



18 Manchester. 

navy. The trees which then grew in the valley of the 
Piscataquog river were well adapted for this purpose, one 
having gained in tradition the fame of such a size as to al- 
low a yoke of oxen to be driven on its stump. The busi- 
ness of cutting and hauling them became so extensive that 
the "Mast road" was built up the Piscataquog, through 
Goffstown and Weare, branching into New Boston. The 
laws of the province compelled all land-owners, before 
they cut their timber, to have marked by the appointed 
officer the trees which belonged to the king. If this were 
neglected, all the timber they cut that year was forfeited, 
and thus men who were unable to pay the surveyor were 
deprived in a moment of the results of a winter's work. 

When the news of the battle of Lexington in 1775 
reached Derryfield, such was the state of popular feeling 
that the selectmen and thirty-four out of thirty-six men 
who were able to bear arms went at once to the war, leav- 
ing but two at home with the old and infirm. The records 
of the Revolutionary War relate the deeds of the men of 
Derryfield at Bunker Hill, Trenton, Princeton, Bennington, 
Saratoga, West Point and in various expeditions till the 
siege of Yorktown. Captain John Stark and his men were 
immortalized by their victory at Bennington, for which the 
former was made a brigadier-general by the Continental 
Congress. The signing of the articles of peace in 1783 
was celebrated on the tenth of July by a general merry- 
making at Amoskeag Falls. 

At the beginning of trouble in 1775 Gov. Wentworth, 
departing the province, left the people to govern them- 
selves ; and the inhabitants of Hillsborough county, meet- 
ing b}^ delegates at Amherst, formed a system of govern- 
ment for the county, appointing men to act as justices of 
the peace and establishing a court of justice to be held at 
Amherst. Derryfield was governed under this system till 
the formation of the state government by a convention of 



Derryfield : 1751-1810. 19 

delegates at Exeter in 1776. The latter was amended in 
different ways till the establishment of a permanent sys- 
tem in 1798. By this last Derryfield was classed with 
Litchfield for the clioice of a representative to the legisla- 
ture and at a joint meeting held March '25, 1793, Major 
John Webster of Derryfield was chosen tlie first represen- 
tative and it was voted to hold the annual meetings in each 
town alternately, and in Derryfield at the present residence 
of John P. Moore. 

The taxes wliich the war had imposed had been too bur- 
densome to allow a large expenditure for preaching, but at 
its close returning thrift and regard for education and mo- 
rality were marked at the Marcli meeting in 1784 by a lib- 
eral appropriation for preaching and schooling, and it was 
voted to divide the town into four school districts. From 
that time till the mills were built on the Merrimack the 
town made a continual advance. The state assessed in 
1791 a tax upon the towns for educational purposes, but 
not until 1795 was there a school-house in Derryfield, when 
one was built by private subscription on what was then the 
Falls road just in the rear of the present residence of the 
Hon. David Cross. In 1798 the town voted to buy that 
house and build two more, and in 1809 the districts were 
re-made and a house built at the Centre. 

In 1788 Derryfield cast her vote, in common with the 
whole country, for George Washington for President of 
the United States. In 1792 a number of men formed a 
corporation as the proprietors of the Amoskeag bridge, and 
the bridge was completed in September of that year. It 
crossed the Merrimack at the foot of Bridge street and was 
known as " McGregor's bridge," from Robert McGregor 
who lived just across the river in Goifstown. The same 
year Henrysburg was annexed and the town was visited by 
the small-pox. 

In 1793 tbe Hon. Samuel Blodgct, who was l)orn at 



20 Manchester. 

Woburn, Mass., April 1, 1724, who had been a sutler in 
the colonial wars and the Revolution, a judge of the court 
of common pleas and a merchant with extensive business 
connections, took up his residence on the east bank of the 
Merrimack near Amoskeag Falls. He had conceived the 
idea of building around the latter a canal through which 
might be carried to market vast quantities of lumber from 
the forests which grew on the banks of the river. He be- 
gan work upon it May 2, 1794, building a basin from a 
point above the Falls to another nearly opposite the resi- 
dence of Samuel B. Kidder, and extending the canal thence 
to a point near the upper end of the Amoskeag Company's 
machine-shop. He lost time and money in a vain attempt 
to make practicable a lock of his own invention, and it was 
not until May 1, 1807, having spent all his own fortune 
and what money he could raise by lotteries, that he saw 
his work done. He died on the first day of September of 
the same year, and his canal, passing into the hands of the 
proprietors of the Middlesex canal, was of great benefit till 
the railroad destroyed its usefulness and it went to decay. 

Judge Blodget was a far-sighted man. He invited Bos- 
ton capitalists to build in Derryfield the mills which others 
erected thirty years after, and, in anticipation of their con- 
struction, he bought the clay lands where the well known 
Hooksett brick are uiade to-day. It is well written on his 
monument in the Valley Cemetery that he was "the pioneer 
of internal improvements in New Hampshire." 

In 1795 a number of citizens associated themselves to 
form a social library and in 1799 they were incorporated 
as "The Proprietors of the Social Library in Derryfield," 
when they had seventy-eight books, but the organization 
was subsequently dissolved. 

The town voted in 1800 to build a pound at the south 
end of the meeting-house lot at the Centre, which was used 
till 1830. In 1804 town-meeting day was changed from 



Dereyfield: 1751-1810. 21 

the first Monday in March to the second Tuesday. In 1806 
the town was divided into highway districts which remained 
the same till the adoption of the city charter in 1846. 

It had been proposed to build locks on Cohas brook to 
make it possible to float through it, to the Merrimack, the 
lumber which grew around Massabesic pond, and in 1803 
the town voted to petition the legislature for an act of in- 
corporation to allow it to carry out the plan. The act was 
obtained, but in 1806 the town voted to leave the enter- 
prise to private individuals, and the next year took five 
shares of stock in the enterprise, after which there is no 
record of it. 

March 13, 1810, when the population of the town was 
six hundred and fifteen, and the first mill had just been 
built upon the river at Amoskeag, the town chose Thomas 
Stickney, John G. Moor and Amos Weston a committee to 
petition the legislature to change the name of Derryfield to 
Manchester, and the request was complied with at the June 
session of that year. The new name was chosen in compli- 
ment to Judge Blodget, who had said the tow^n would be- 
come "the Manchester of America." Mr. Weston was the 
father of the present governor of the state and mayor of 
the city — the Hon. James A. Weston. 



r 



MANCHESTER— A TOWN. 



1810 — 1S46. 



4^* r 



Phe record has thus far been of tlie natural urowtli 
of a town from causes which it possessed in com- 
mon with others, but is henceforth of such growth 
stimuhxted by foreign enterprise. In the early part of 1809 
Benjamin Prichard, with Ephraim, David and Robert Ste- 
vens, built on the west side of Amoskeag Falls, in what 
was then Goffstown, a small mill, and, finding the burden 
too heavy for individual enterprise, formed the next year a 
joint stock company. This held its first meeting Januaiy 
31, 1810, as "The Proprietors of the Amoskeag Cotton & 
"Wool Factory," and was incorporated in June of that year 
as the "Amoskeag Cotton and Woolen Manufacturing Com- 
pany." Its mill was forty feet square and two stories high. 
There was then no picker and the cotton was ginned in the 
neighborhood at four cents a pound. The machinery con- 
sisted only of spindles, and the yarns, at once the com- 
pany's dividends, the officers' salaries and the operatives' 
wages, were either sold as they were spun or woven for the 
company by the housewives of the town. 

The machinery ran till 1816 and then stood still till 
1822, when Olney Robinson of Rhode Island bought the 
property and resumed business, being soon succeeded by 
Larncd Pitcher and Samuel Slater of Pawtncket, R. I. In 
1825 they sold three-fifths to Willard Sayles and Lyman 
Tiffany, of the firm of Sayles, Tiffany & Hitchcock, — now 



24 Manchester. ^ 

Gardner Brewer & Co., — Dr. Oliver Dean and Ira Gay. 
Dr. Dean became the agent of the company, coming to 
Amoskcag in 1826, when a new mill, called the "bell mill," 
and another on an adjacent island, were built. Thus be- 
gan an enterprise which assumed definite shape in 1831 by 
the incorporation of the " Amoskeag Manufacturing Com- 
pany." It bought the land for some distance on both sides 
of the river and subsequently gave it away or sold it to 
actual settlers, thus building a village. Controlling the 
water-power, it leased mill-sites to new corporations and 
thus added fresh stimulus to the growth already begun. 

Manchester furnished its quota in the war of 1812, and 
in 1815, after having made one vain request in 1811, was 
allowed by the legislature to be represented in that body 
by itself, instead of behig classed with other towns, and 
March 12, 1816, Isaac Huse was chosen as the first repre- 
sentative under the new allotment. 

The year 1821 is remarkable for the first known murder 
committed by a citizen of Manchester and recognized by 
the judicial authorities. On the fourth day of October of 
that year Daniel D. Farmer of Manchester murdered a 
worthless woman of Goffstown named Anna Ayer, by 
striking her on the head in a sudden fit of anger. He 
was arrested and committed to jail, and, by the court at 
Amherst in October, was found guilty and sentenced to be 
hung. The sentence was executed January 23, 1822. 

Major General John Stark, the hero of the Revolution, 
died May 8, 1822, aged nearly ninety-four years. He was 
buried in the presence of a large concourse of people, with 
military honors, in a private cemetery on the "Stark place," 
and the family erected over his remains a plain granite 
shaft. Thither the survivors of the late War of the Re- 
bellion make annual pilgrimage when they decorate the 
graves of their departed companions in arms. 

About this time the project of building the Mammoth 




^'A Jlilil 



The Town: 1810-1846. 25 

road sprang into existence, and with it a conti'ovcrsy which 
delayed its completion almost till it was made of little com- 
parative value by the construction of the Concord railway. 
It was intended for a more direct route from Concord to 
Lowell, was wanted by those towns, by several others and 
by the stage proprietors, but was opposed by Manchester 
and Londonderry because it would subject them to ex- 
pense and would be of no benefit to them. The road was 
first suggested in town-meeting in 1823, when an article 
authorizing its construction was voted down. It was ad- 
vocated again and again and was as often successfully op- 
posed till 1830, when the court ordered the town to build it. 
It was not, however, till 1834, after the court had threat- 
ened summary measures, that the town complied. 

In 1829 the town voted to divide the literary fund among 
the school districts and let each choose its own prudential 
committee. In 1834 the small-pox made some stir, and in 
1836 the selectmen were authorized to convert the old 
meeting-house into a town-house. 

On the twenty-fourth day of October, 1838, occurred the 
first of four public sales of land by which the Amoskeag 
Company disposed of its possessions to men who were the 
builders of the conJng city. Some streets had been laid 
out already in this vicinity, but there were graded only 
Elm street from Central to Lowell, and Chestnut and Pine 
from Manchester to Lowell. The land which now is en- 
closed in Merrimack and Concord squares was reserved, 
and one hundred and forty-seven lots were sold between 
Elm, Lowell, Union and Hanover streets. The sound of 
hammer and saw was at once heard, and in January, 1839, 
Mrs. Anna Heyes of Londonderry built the first private 
house on the Company's land in the city proper, standing 
on the northwest corner of Concord and Chestnut streets. 
In this year and the next were built several of the blocks 
on Elm street, the Manchester House, the " (Governor Bell 



26 Manchester. 

house," the one which was once owned by the Stark Mills 
and occupied by its agent and now used as the Roman 
Catholic Orphan Asylum, the First Congregational church 
and several other buildings on Hanover street. 

At the annual "Goffstown muster," September 24, 1839, 
Jeremiah Johnson, a member of the Manchester Rifle Com- 
pany, was killed in a general quarrol by Elbridge Ford. 
The latter was tried the next year, found guilty of man- 
slaughter and sentenced to the state prison for five years, 
but was pardoned at the end of three. 

During the summer of 1839 the number of people and 
houses had largely increased on account of the Amoskeag 
Company's first sale, and prices at the second, which oc- 
curred October 8, 1839, were much higher. The land sold 
was included between Elm, Hanover, Union and Merri- 
mack streets. 

After this second sale the village assumed such propor- 
tions that it soon became patent that the old regulations 
were ill adapted to existing needs, and at a special meet- 
ing, October 26, 1839, it was voted to establish a system 
of police and a board of health, and to take measures for 
protection against lire. The "new village," as the settle- 
ment upon the Company's land was now called, was allowed 
to nominate the fire-wards. The latter organized and 
bought a fire-engine called "Merrimack No. 1," and the 
first engine-house was built on Vine street. There was 
already in town an engine which was owned by the Stark 
Mills, and, as early as 1818, one had been bought by Piscat- 
aquog village, then a part of Bedford. 

In 1839 was established by John Caldwell "The Repre- 
sentative," the first newspaper published in ]\Ianchcster. 
It was a Democratic paper and its first number was issued 
October 18, and it appeared on subsequent Fridays till 
1842. when it was sold and merged with "The Manchester 
Democrat." In this year the first ])olice officers were ap- 
pointed, four in number. 



The Town : 1810-1840. 27 

The ill feeling between tiie dwellers in the old town and 
tliose in the new reached its height at the March meeting 
of 1840, when thirty constables had to be chosen to keep 
order before the other town officers could be elected. 
There were two sets of candidates, representing thus the 
old town and the new. The latter carried the day, and 
thereafter held the reins of government. 

In 1840, the Lowell-street Universalist church, the First 
Baptist cimrch (which stood on the corner of Manchester 
and Chestnut streets till swept off by the fire of 1870), a 
wooden chapel on Hanover street for the Second Methodist 
Episcopal society, and Granite bridge, were built ; the Am- 
oskeag Insurance Company was started ; "The Memorial" 
newspaper, and the "Manchester Workman," a campaign 
paper, were established by J. C. Emerson; the town was di- 
vided by the selectmen into nine school districts ; another 
small-pox excitement produced a general vaccination ; and 
Elm, Bridge, Lowell, Concord, Amherst, Hanover, Man- 
chester, Pine and Chestnut streets were laid out as far as 
they extended upon the Company's land. The population 
then was three thousand three hundred and twenty-five. 

In 1841 the first town-meeting was held in the new vil- 
lage in a hall on Amherst street. During this year the 
town voted to accept a deed of the Valley cemetery from 
the Amoskeag Company and bought of the latter for twen- 
ty-four hundred dollars the lot on the corner of Elm and 
Market streets where the city hall now stands. The same 
year a town-house was built upon it at a cost of seventeen 
thousand dollars. There were erected this year a large 
number of buildings, including school-houses in districts 
number three and four and what is now the old high-school 
house on Lowell street, the Freewill Baptist church on the 
corner of Merrimack and Chestnut streets, and Union 
building on the corner of Elm and Market streets, which 
was the first one built by private individuals on the Com- 



28 Manchester. 

pany's land west of Elm street. There was bought this 
year for a town farm the land of Moses Davis, which forms 
a part of the present farm, and there were laid out Vine 
street, parts of Merrimack, Union and Orange streets, and 
several back streets. 

In 1842 the first town-meeting was held in the new town- 
house, when it was voted to build reservoirs for fire pur- 
poses on the corner of Elm and Hanover streets and on 
Lowell street in front of Isaac Riddle's house. At this 
time the custom of printing the annual town reports was 
begun. In this year were built school-houses in districts 
number six and nine, a hook-and-ladder house where the 
Franklin street church now stands, and the Amoskeag 
Falls bridge ; and the Second JSIethodist Episcopal society, 
which had sold to the Unitarian society its wooden chapel 
on Hanover street, built a brick church on Elm street. 
This year was marked also by an especially liberal appro- 
priation for schools, by the organization of the Manchester 
Lyceum to provide annual lecture-courses, and l)y the trial- 
trip of the Concord railway, which occurred June 28, the 
road being opened to the public on the fourth of the next 
month. In this year was established by W. H. Kimball and 
Joseph Kidder "The Manchester Democrat," and several 
other newspapers were started this year and the next 
whose lease of life was shorter. 

In 1843 there was a temperance agitation and the town 
appointed a liquor-agent and instructed the selectmen to 
prosecute all violators of the license law, but the interest 
in the matter was temporary and the prosecutions were 
few. This year the town voted to fit up a house on the 
town farm as a house of correction and decided to build the 
" Hooksett road." The Ejjiscopal society Imilt a wooden 
church, then known as St. Michael's, on the corner of Low- 
ell and Pine streets, which has since given place to one of 
stone called Grace church. 



The Town: 1810-1846. 20 

The year 1844 was an important one in the town's life. 
The Maiiehester Atheueum — the imcleus of tlic i)ul)lic 
library — was organized ; the legishiture passed a bill to al- 
low the Octolicr term of the court of common i)leas to be 
held in the town ; the custom of ringing the bell on the 
town-house as a summons to school was estaldishcd ; the 
Unitarian society, which had lK)ught of the Methodists 
their chapel on Hanover street, moved it to the corner of 
Pine and Merrimack streets and there established worship ; 
and on the twenty-sixth of September the third land sale 
of the Amoskeag Company took place, when the tract 
bounded by Elm, Merrimack, Union and Park streets was 
sold at prices in advance of those of the previous sales. 
On the twelfth of August the town-house was burned, and 
in less than three weeks the town voted to build another on 
the same spot. Carelessness kindled the fire, and, taught 
wisdom by its loss, the town voted to buy two new fire- 
engines, built new reservoire and enlarged the old ones, 
fitted the ponds on Merrimack and Hanover squares for use 
in case of fire, and appointed a committee to consider the 
sources of water supply. This committee reported, thirty 
years before the completion of the present water-works, 
that there was no water available for fire purposes nearer 
than Massabesic pond. The water of the latter, however, 
could not be brought to the town without subjecting it to 
an expense at that time Ijeyond its means. 

In the year 1845 the town took extraordinary strides in 
growth, and public imj)rovement kept pace. It gradually 
assumed greater dignity and was fast ripening into a city. 
The present city hall was built in October at a cost of 
thirty-five thousand dollars, after plans by Edward Shaw of 
Boston. In this year a committee was chosen at the town 
meeting to count the cost of a common sewer in Elm 
street, a board of engineers was established, the court of 
common pleas was held in the town for the first time, the 



30 Manchester. 

Hon. Ira A. Eastman presiding, and the first town-meeting 
was held in the present eity liall. On the tliirtieth of Sep- 
tember occurred the fourth and last extensive land sale of 
the Anioskeag Company, when the land between Elm, Low- 
ell, Union and Orange streets was put into the market and 
still higher prices were obtained. In this year were started 
"The Independent Democrat," which was moved to Con- 
cord subsequently, and the "Saturday Messenger," which 
was united with "The American." 

But the event of all others in this year was known far 
and wide as the "Parker murder." Jonas L. Parker, who 
had been collector of taxes in 1844, was enticed from his 
house on Manchester street late in the evening of the twen- 
ty-sixth of October, 1845, by a man unknown to any one 
but Parker, on a plea that a lady wanted to see him in 
Janesville on urgent business. Betw^een this village and 
the more thickly settled part of the town was a piece of 
woods, and in them, near what is now the corner of Man- 
chester and Beech streets, Parker's body was found the 
next morning with the throat cut and other evidences of a 
murder. Most of the money he had with him was taken. 
The coroner, Joseph M. Rowell, summoned a jury, consist- 
ing of Daniel Clark, Dr. Charles Wells and Dr. D. J. Hoyt, 
who made a careful examination of great length. In 1848 
Asa and Henry T. Wentworth, brothers, who had been con- 
nected with a Janesville tavern, were arrested in Saco, 
Maine, upon a suspicion of being the murderers, but they 
were discharged after an examination. In 1850, however, 
they were re-arrested, brought to Manchester and arraigned 
together with Horace Wentworth of Lowell and one Wil- 
liam C. Clark. The two latter were discharged after a 
long hearing and the others were held to answer farther. 
At the October term of court, however, the grand jury 
failed to find a bill against them and they were discharged, 
and the murderer is to this day unknown. 



TuR Town : 1810-1846. 31 

111 1811) a sewer was Imilt tlirniioli Elm street from 
Bridge to Granite, and several more roads were laitl out 
in the compact part of the town. So largo an increase had 
there been in the nnmber of people that the town was able 
to send eight representatives to the general court. At the 
town-meeting held on the tenth of March a committee was 
chosen, consisting of David Gillis, Samuel D. Boll, Isaac 
Riddle, William C. Clarke, John A. Burnham, Luther Far- 
ley and Walter French, to petition the legislature for a city 
charter when they deemed it wise. They saw no cause for 
delay, and on the first of June, in accordance with their 
petition, the legislature passed an act to incorporate the 
City of Manchester, which was accepted by the town on 
the first of August by a vote of four hundred and eighty- 
five yeas and one hundred and thirty-four nays. 

The first election occurred August 19, when there were 
four candidates for mayor : — Hiram Brown, a Whig ; Wil- 
liam C. Clarke, a Democrat ; Thomas Brown, who was the 
Abolition candidate ; and William Shepherd. There were 
cast eleven hundred and seventy votes, and Hiram Brown, 
who received five hundred and sixtjMiine, lacked seventeen 
of the required majority. At this meeting, however, there 
were chosen aldermen, members of the common council, 
school committee, overseers of the poor and assessors. On 
the first day of September a second election for mayor took 
place, when there were four candidates: — Hiram Brown, 
a Whig; Isaac C. Flanders, a Democrat; Thomas Brown, 
an Abolitionist ; and John S. Wiggin. There were cast 
eleven hundred and fifty-four votes, and Hiram Brown, 
who received six hundred and two, was chosen by twenty- 
four majority. The city government was organized in the 
town-house, September 8, 1846, at ten o'clock in the fore- 
noon, in the presence of a large number of citizens. Moses 
Follows, chairman of the retiring board of selectmen, pre- 
sided, and i)rayer was offerGd by the Rev. C. W. Wallace, 



32 Manchester. 

the senior clergyman of the city, after which the oatli of 
office was administered by the Hon. Dani(;l Clark to the 
mayor, and he in turn qualified the remaining members of 
the city government. After the delivery of an address by 
the mayor, the various boards met and organized by them- 
selves. The Hon. Samuel D. Bell was appointed by the 
governor and council justice of the police court, and Isaac 
Riddle and Joseph Cochran, jr., special justices, and George 
T. Clark was appointed city marshal by the mayor and 
aldermen. At that time the valuation of the town was 
$3,187,726; the tax-list for 1846 was $22,005.95; the 
number of polls, 2056 ; the number of inhabitants, 10,125. 



The Town : 1810-1846. 



33 



OFFICERS 



TOWN OF MANCHESTER * 



SELECTMEN. 



1751. 

John GofFe, 
William Perham, 
Nathaniel Boyd, 
Daniel McNiel, 
Eleazer Wells. 

1752. 

John Gofie, 
Archibald Stark, 
Alexander McMurphy. 

1753. 
William Perham, 
Alexander McMurphy, 
John Riddell. 

1754. 

William McClintock, 
Alexander McMurphy, 
John Hall. 

1755. 

Daniel MclSTiel, 
Robert Anderson, 
John Harvey. 

1756. 

Daniel MclSTiel, 
Robert Anderson, 
John Harvey 



1757. 

Eleazer Robbins, 
Robert Anderson, 
Daniel McNiel. 

1758. 
William Perham, 
William McCUntock, 
Abraham Merrill. 

1759. 
William Perham, 
William McClintock, 
Abraham Merrill. 

1760. 
William McClintock, 
Hugh Sterling, 
Abraham Merrill. 

1761. 

William Perham, 
John Hall, 
Thomas Russ. 

1762. 

William Perham, 
John Stark, 
John Moors. 

1763. 

John Stark, 
William McClintock, 
John Moors. 



* Changed from Derryfleld in 1810. 



34 



Manchester. 



1764. 

William McClintock, 
John Stiirk, 
John Moors. 

1765. 
William Perham, 
AV^illiam McClintock, 
Abraham Merrill. 

1766. 
♦Alexander McMurphy, 

Ebenezer Stevens, 

John Hall, 
fDavid McKnight. 

1767. 

Eleazer Bobbins, 
Alexander McClintock, 
Nathaniel Boyd. 

1768. 
John Hall, 
John Gofte, 
John Harvey. 

1769. 
William McClintock, 
Alexander McMurphy, 
John Moor. 

1770. 

William McClintock, 
Alexander McMui-phy, 
John Moor. 

1771. 

William McClintock, 
Alexander McMurphy 
John Moor. 

1772. 

Alexander McMurphy, 
John Moor, 
William McClintock. 

1773. 
John Stark, 
Samuel P>oy<l, 
James McCaUey. 

»Uiitil Aug. 13. 
(Kroin Aug. 13. 



1774. 

James Mc Galley, 
Samuel Boyd, 
John Pei'ham. 

1775. 
John Stark, 
John Moor, 
Joseph Geoi'ge. 

1776. 
David Starrett, 
Ezekiel Stevens, 
John Perham. 

1777. 

John GolFe, 
Ebenezer Stevens, 
Benjamin Crombie. 

1778. 
John Hall, 
Benjamin Baker, 
Samuel Boyd. 

1779. 

*David Starrett, 

,Tohn Perham, 

Samuel Moor, 
•j- Jonathan Russ. 

1780. 

Jonathan Russ, 
John Shelden, 
Samuel Moor. 

1781. 

John Hall. 
Samuel Moor, 
Jonathan Russ. 

1782. 
Samuel Moor, 
Jonathan Russ, 
Joseph Sanders. 

1783. 
Samuel Moor, 
Joseph Sanders, 
Jonathan Russ. 

»To July If), 1779. 
tFroiii July 10. 



The Town : 1810-1846. 



35 



1784. 

Joseph Samlei'S, 
John Goire, 
John Hall. 

1785. 

John Goffe, jr., 
William Peiham, 
Samuel Stark. 

1786. 
Joseph Fermor, 
John Goffe, jr., 
Isaac Huse. 

1787. 
James Thompson, 
Isaac Huse, 
John Greene. 

1788. 
John Hall, 
John Webster, 
John Perham. 

1789. 
James Thompson, 
John Green, 
John Hay. 

1790. 
Isaac Huse, 
Samuel Moor, 
John Stark, jr. ■ 

1791. 

Isaac Huse, 
Samuel Moor, 
John Stark, jr. 

1792. 
Daniel Davis, 
Samuel Moor, 
John Stark, jr. 

1793. 
John Goffe, 
Isaac Huse, 
John Webster. 

1794. 
John Stark, jr. 
Daniel Davis, 
Samuel Moor, jr. 



1795. 
Daniel Davis, 
John Stark, jr., 
Samuel Moor, jr., 
•John Kay, 
John Perham. 

1796. 

Isaac Huse, 
John Tut'ts, 
John Stark, jr. 

1797. 

John Goffe, 
Samuel Moor, jr., 
Samuel Blodget. 

1798. 
John Goffe, 
Daniel Davis, 
John Stark. 

1799. 
John Kay, 
Joseph Moore, 
Daniel Davis. 

1800. 
Samuel Moor, jr., 
John Ray, 
Israel Webster. 

1801. 
Samuel Moor, jr., 
John Ray, 
Israel Webster. 

1802. 
Samuel Mooi-, jr., 
Israel Webster, 
John Ray. 

1803. 
Samuel Moor, jr., 
Israel Webster, 
John Stark, 3d. 

1804. 
Samuel Moor, jr., 
Isaac Huse, 
John Stark, 3d. 

1805. 

Samuel Moor, jr., 
Edward Ray, 
Archibald Gamble. 



36 



Manchester. 



1806. 

Samuel Moor, jr., 
Edward Hay, 
Amos Weston. 

1807. 
Samuel Moor, jr., 
Amos Weston, 
Edward Ray. 

1808. 
Samuel Moor, jr., 
Amos Weston, 
Samuel Hall. 

1809. 
Samuel Moor, jr., 
Isaac Iluse, 
John Stark. 

1810. 

Samuel Moor, jr., 
Thomas Stickney, 
Isaac Huse. 

1811. 

John Stark, jr., 
Amos Weston, 
Israel Webster. 

1812. 

Samuel Moor, jr., 
John Stark, jr., 
John Dickey. 

1813. 
Samuel Moor, 
Job Howell, 
John Dickey. 

1814. 

Isaac Huse, 
Israel Webster, 
John G. Moor. 

1815. 
Isaac Huse, 
Israel Wel)ster, 
Ephraim Stevens, jr, 

1816. 
Isaac Huse, 
.John Frye, 
John Stark, 4th . 



1817. 
Isaac Huse, 
John Stark, 4th, 
John Dickey. 

1818. 
Isaac Huse, 
John Dickey, 
Nathaniel Moor, 

1819. 

Samuel Moor, 
Ephraim Stevens, jr., 
John Stark, 4th. 

1820. 
Joseph Moor, 
Ephraim Stevens, jr., 
Amos Weston, jr. 

1821. 

Amos "Weston, jr., 
Ephraim Stevens, jr., 
John Proctor. 

1822. 
Amos Weston, jr., 
John Proctor, 
Nathaniel Moor. 

1823. 
Amos Weston, jr., 
Nathaniel Moor, 
John Proctor. 

1824. 

Amos Weston, jr., 
Nathaniel Moore, 
Isaac Huse. 

1825. 
Amos Weston, jr., 
Isaac Huse, 
Nathaniel Moore. 

1820. 
Frederick G. Stark, 
Israel Merrill, 
James McQueston. 

1827. 
Frederick G. Stark, 
Amos Weston, jr., 
Franklin Moor. 



The Town : 1810-1846. 



37 



1828. 
John Gamble, 
John Ray, 
Nathaniel Moore. 

1820. 
Frccleriek G. Stark, 
Archibald Stark, 
James McQueston. 

1830. 
Amos Weston, jr., 
John Proctor, 
Nathaniel Couant. 

1831. 
Frederick G. Stark, 
John Proctor, 
George Clark. 

1832. 
Amos Weston, jr., 
Frederick G. Stark, 
George Clark. 

1833. 
Amos Weston, jr., 
John Proctor, 
James McQueston. 

1834. 
James McQueston, 
Gilbert Greeley, 
Frederick G. Stark. 

1835. 
Frederick G. Stark, 
Amos Weston, jr., 
Isaac II use, 

1836. 
Frederick G. Stark, 
Amos Weston, jr., 
Gilbert Greeley. 



1837. 
Araos Weston, jr., 
Gilbert Greeley, 
Joseph M. Rowell. 

1838. 
Joseph M. Rowell, 
Archibald Gamble, jr., 
Isaac Iluse. 

1839. 
Joseph M. Rowell, 
Archibald Gamble, jr., 
Isaac Huse. 

1840. 
Amos Weston, jr., 
J. T. P. Hunt, 
Iliram Brown. 

1841. 

Amos Weston, jr., 
Isaac C. Flanders, 
Isaac Iluse. 

1842. 

Moses Fellows, 
Andrew Bunton, jr., 
Abram Brigham. 

1843. 
Moses Fellows, 
Andrew Bunton, jr., 
David Child. 



Kathan 
Warren 

George 



Nathan 
George 
Charles 



1844. 
Parker, 
L. Lane, 
Clark. 

1845. 
Parker, 
Clark, 
Chase. 



1846. 
Moses Fellows, 
Andrew Ikmton, jr., 
Edward McQueston. 



38 



Manchester. 
MODERATORS. 



1751. 


John Goffe. 


1799. 


1752-4. 


William Perham. 


1800. 


17.55-6. 


John Goffe. 


1801. 


1757. 


Archil )al(l Stark. 


1802. 


1758-60. 


, William McClintock. 


1803. 


1761. 


William Perham. 


1804. 


1762-3. 


John Goffe. 


1805. 


1764. 


John Stark. 


1806. 


1765. 


Alexander McAIurphy. 


1807-8. 


1766. 


John Hall. 


1809-11. 


1767. 


David Starrett. 


1812. 


1768. 


Thomas Euss. 


1813. 


1769. 


William McClintock. 


1814. 


1770-3. 


John Stark. 


1815-16. 


1774. 


John Goffe. 


1817-18. 


1775. 


John Stark. 


1819. 


1776-7. 


John Golfe. 


1820. 


1778. 


John Hall. 


1821. 


1779. 


John Goffe. 


1822. 


1780. 


John Harvey. 


1823-5. 


1781. 


John Hall. 


1826. 


1782. 


John Little. 


1827. 


1783. 


John Stark. 


1828. 


1784. 


John Hall. 


1829. 


1785. 


John Stark. 


1830-2. 


1786. 


John Hall. * 


1833. 


1787. 


John Little. 


1834. 


1788. 


James Gorman. 


1835. 


1789. 


John Stark. 


1836. 


1790. 


Samuel ]Moor. 


1837. 


1791-2. 


John Stark. 


1838. 


1793. 


John Wehster 


1839-40. 


1794. 


John Stark. 


1841. 


1795-6. 


Daniel Davis. 


1842-3. 


1797. 


John Goffe. 


1844. 


1798. 


Samuel Blodgct. 


1845-6. 



Daniel Davis. 
Samuel P. Kidder. 
John Stark. 
Joseph Moor. 
John Stark. 
Joseph Moor. 
Samuel P. Kidder. 
John Stark. 
David Flint. 
John G. Moor. 
David Flint. 
William Hall. 
John G. Moor. 
John Dwiunells. 
John Stark. 
Samuel Moor. 
Nathaniel Moor. 
John G. Moor. 
John Stark. 
Nathaniel Moor. 
Ephraim Stevens, jr. 
John Stark. 3d. 
Nathaniel Moor. 
Ephraim Stevens, jr. 
Frederick G. Stark. 
Ephraim Stevens, jr. 
Gilbert Greeley. 
Ephraim Stevens, jr. 
Gilbert Greeley. 
Frederick G. Stark. 
Ephraim Stevens, jr. 
Charles Stark 
James McK. Wilkins. 
Joseph Cochran, jr. 
George W. Morrison. 
Herman Foster. 



The Town: 1810-1846. 
TOWN CLERKS. 



39 



1751-3. 


Joliu Hall. 




1799-1810. 


1754. 


Alexander McMur 


phy.1811. 


] 755-6. 


John Goffe. 




1812-13. 


1757-06. 


John Hall. 




1814. 


17(57-74. 


David Starrctt. 




1815-18. 


1775. 


.John Hall. 




1819-23. 


1776-9. 


*David Starrett. 




1824-5. 


1779-86. 


fAsael Smith. 




1826-8. 


1787. 


John Russ. 




1829-30. 


1788. 


John Hall. 




1831-3. 


1789-93. 


John Gofte. 




1834-7. 


1794. 


John Stark, jr. 




1838-40. 


1795. 


Isaac Huse. 




1841. 


1796. 


Samuel P. Kidder. 


1842-46. 


1797-8. 


John Tufts. 










*To July 16, 1779. 






tFrom July 16. 



Samuel Moor, jr. 
John Stark, jr. 
Isaac Huse. 
Samuel Moor. 
John G. Moor. 
Frederick G. Stark. 
Amos Weston, jr. 
Franklin Moor.' 
Samuel Jackson. 
Amos AVeston, jr. 
John E. Hall. 
Samuel Jackson. 
Walter French. 
John M. Noyes. 





Wiu^t^ 



MANCHESTER— A CITY. 



1846 — 1875. 

(^■^ff^^ ROM that day to this the city's history is one of grad- 
^l^if.^ ual but real projrress. Its foundations had been 



well laid and it only remained for the walls to 
rise. The amendments to its charter by the legislature, 
which have been so many as to make the original nearly 
unrecognizable, are indices in part of the changes in the 
city. The surrender of the charter itself was proposed in 
1848, after the legislature of that year had passed an act by 
which the representatives to the general court were made 
eligible from each ward of the city voting as a town, in- 
stead of being chosen by the city at large, as before. Upon 
the request of one hundred legal voters, a call was issued 
by the mayor and aldermen, in accordance with a provision 
of the charter, for a citizens' meeting. This was held in 
the city hall on the nineteenth of August, 1848. A mod- 
erator was chosen, and, after several motions made to de- 
lay business had been disposed of, the meeting voted by 
ballot, three hundred and ninety-five yeas and twenty-two 
nays, to surrender the city charter and adopt a town or- 
ganization. A committee was appointed to consider what 
steps were necessary to accomplish such result, and, at an 
adjourned meeting on the second of September, made a 
long report recommending the surrender of the city char- 
ter and giving the opinion of the late chief justice, Samuel 
3 



42 Manchester. 

D. Bell, tliat a town organization might legally be adopted. 
The opinion of Joel Parker, then, chief justice of Massa- 
chusetts, which had been obtained, was also read, declar- 
ing the act of the legislature unconstitutional. The meet- 
ing was then adjourned to the sixteenth of October, at 
which time the records of the last meeting were read and 
an adjournment sine die was effected and that was the last 
of it. 

The city was originally divided into seven wards but the 
act of 1848 reduced these to six, made one special justice of 
the police court instead of two, and caused several minor 
changes. By the original charter a majority of the votes 
cast was required for the election of a mayor, and this 
made necessary two elections in 1846, four in 1847 and 
three in 1848, and in 1849 it was not till the fifth trial, 
held in October, six months after the regular time, that a 
choice was made. This trouble was remedied in 1849 by 
an act of the legislature which made a plurality of votes 
suffice for an election. In 1851 the justice of the police 
court was made its clerk, itself becoming thus a court of 
record with power to naturalize foreigners and issue cer- 
tificates. Jurisdiction in naturalization matters was re- 
pealed in 1855, restored in 1862, again repealed in 1868 
and again restored in 1874, when a separate clerk was ap- 
pointed. The justice was given in 1851 a salary of three 
hundred dollars together with the fees. In 1855 the sal- 
ary was established at five hundred dollars and all fines 
and fees were required to be paid to the city marshal and 
by him to the city treasurer. In 1867 the salary was raised 
to one thousand dollars and in 1874 to fifteen hundred. 
The city marshal was at first the tax-collector, but the offi- 
ces were separated by the legislature in 1851 and the act 
was approved by the city councils in 1852. 

The villages of Piscataquog and Amoskeag, parts of 
Bedford and GolTstown respectively, were, to all practical 



The City: 1846-1875. 43 

intent, parts of Manchester, and were made so in deed by- 
act of the legislature in 1853, accepted by the city councils 
the same year. The act was not passed without strenu- 
ous opposition from the towns of Goffstown and Bedford, 
though the villages themselves were anxious to enjoy the 
convenience of being a part of the city to wliich they were 
annexed. They became wards seven and eight and in 1855 
the part of ward eight wliich lay south of the Piscataquog 
river was annexed to ward seven. 

In 1855 the boards of mayor and aldermen and school 
committee were required to appoint a superintendent of 
public instruction. By the act of 1856, accepted by the 
voters of the city in that year, the annual meeting for the 
choice of city and ward officers, which had been held on 
the second Tuesday of March, the old town-meeting day, 
was appointed for the second Tuesday of December, and 
the municipal year was made to begin upon the first Tues- 
day of January instead of the third Tuesday of March. 
By the act of 1874 the old order of things was restored 
and the outgoing city councils were required to make the 
appropriation for the year ensuing. A plurality was made 
sufficient for the election of other city and ward officers, as 
well as mayors, by the act of 1856. 

In 1858 the boundaries of several wards were changed 
by legislative enactment and of others in 1869 by the city 
councils. The wards were made anew and the number re- 
duced to seven in 1874. In 1854 the city councils were au- 
thorized to establish a public library ; in 1867 the regula- 
tion of the ward check-lists was transferred from the select- 
men to the assessors and in 1874 returned to the select- 
men ; in 1868 the school districts were consolidated into 
one ; and in 1871 the legislature authorized the construc- 
tion of water-works at a cost of not over six hundred thou- 
sand dollars. 



44 Manchester. 

Noticeal)le in the city's history were the establishment 
of a high school by district number two in 1846 ; the ac- 
ceptance by the city from the Amoskeag Company in 1848 
of Concord, Merrimack and Tremont squares, upon condi- 
tion of proper usage ; the attention paid to sewerage, set- 
ting of sliade-trees, and building of sidewalks ; the care of 
the Valley cemetery and the purchase of a new one in 
1855 ; the paving of Elm street and the erection of drink- 
ing fountains on the main thoroughfare ; the construction 
of reservoirs for fire purposes ; the appointment in 1854 of 
a superintendent of schools ; the purchase of a steam fire 
engine in 1859 ; the consolidation of the school districts in 
1868 ; the establishment of a free library in 1854 and the 
erection of a building for its use in 1871 ; the building of 
a court-house in 1868 ; and the completion of the water- 
works in 1874. The streets were first lighted by the city 
on condition that abuttors on street corners would put up 
a post and lamp. The fire cisterns, in the absence of any 
water-works, were supplied with water from the squares on 
the ponds. 

The city celebrated the hundredth anniversary of its in- 
corporation as a town by a meeting at the city hall in the 
afternoon and evening of October 22, 1851, when an ad- 
dress was delivered by the Rev. Cyrus W. Wallace, the 
senior clergyman of the city, a poem by William Stark 
was read by its author, and short speeches were made by 
the Hon. Richard H. Ayer, the Hon. Chandler E. Potter, 
Dr. William M. Parker, John B. Clarke, the Rev. Cyrus 
W. Wallace, the Rev. B. M. Tillotson, Charles A. Luce, 
John L. Kelly, Joseph C. Abbott, Albert Jackson and 
Joseph Kidder. An account of these proceedings, together 
with a history of Manchester, was published in 1856, by its 
author, the Hon. Chandler E. Potter. 



City Officers: 1846-1875. 45 

OFFICERS OF THE CITY OF MANCHESTEU, 

FROM 1846 TO 1875. 



MEMBERS OF CITY COUNCILS. 
1846-7. 1847-8. 





MAYOR. 




MAYOR. 




HIRAM BR0W:N^. 




JACOB F. JAMES.* 




ALDERMEN. 




ALDERMEN. 


1. 

2. 
3. 
4. 
5, 
6. 
7. 


Andrew Buntou, jr. 
George Porter. 
William G. Means. 
David Gillis. 
Trueworthy Blaisdell. 
Edward McQueston. 
Moses Fellows. 


1. 

2. 
3. 
4. 
6. 
6. 
7. 


George F. Judkins. 
Caleb .Johnson. 
James Wallace. 
David A. Bunton. 
Ebenezer Clark. 
Edward McQueston. 
Frederick Wallace. 



CITY CLERK. 

John S. T. Gushing. 

COMMON COUNCIL. 

, John S. Kidder, 

George W. Eaton, 

William Boyd. 
, Hervey Tufts, 

Daniel J. Hoyt. 

James M. Morrill. 
, Israel Endicott, 

Joel Russell, 

George P. Folsom. 
, David Cross, 

Abram Brig ham, 

William M. Parker, Pres't. 
. Ebenezer Clark, 

Asa O. Colby, 

Nathaniel Herrick. 
, William Potter, 

Jacob G. Cilley, 

Frederick A. Hussey. 
, Sewell Leavitt, 

William W. Baker, 

Rodnia Nutt. 

David Hill, Clerk. David Hill, Clerk. 

•Elected May 22, 1847; sworn in May 25, 1817. 



CITY CLERK. 

John S.T. Cushiug. 

COMMON COUNCIL. 

1. Wm. Boyd, 

John S. Kidder, 
James McK. Wilkins. 

2. Hervey Tufts, 
James M. Morrill, 
Wilber Gav. 

3. Seth P. Ford, 
John H. Newman, 
Jacob Sawyer. 

4. AVilliam M. Parker, Pres't, 
Charles Wells, 
Charles F. Warren. 

5. David Brigham, 
Nathaniel Herrick, 
Jesse Anderson. 

6. James O. Adams, 
William Potter, 
Moulton Knowles. 

7. SewoU Leavitt, 
William W. Baker, 
Ebenezer Ross. 



46 



Manchester. 



1848-9. 



1849-50. 



MAYOR. 

JACOB F. JAMES. 



MAYOR. 

WARREN L, LANE.* 



ALDERMEN. 

1. George F. Judkins. 

2. Charles Wells. 

3. Jacob Sawyer. 

4. Eben C. Foster. 

6. Ebenezer Knowlton. 

6. William P. Newell. 

7. John Calef. 

CITY CLERK. 

John S. T. Cushing. 

COMMON COUNCIL. 

1. Warren L. Lane, 
Josiah M. Barnes, 
George Aldrich. 

2. William Hartshorn, 
Frederick Smyth, 
Nathaniel Marshall. 

3. John 11. Newman, 
Warren Page, 
George T. Mixer. 

4. Charles F. AVarren, 
John G. Simpson, 
Joseph W. Saunders. 

5. David Brigliam, 
Retyre Mitchell, 
Asa O. Colby. 

6. James O. Adams, President, 
Charles A. Luce, 
Zcbedee C. Gilbert. 

7. AVilliam W. Baker, 
Ebenezer Ross, 
Isaac Iluse. 

David Hill, Clerk. 



ALDERMEN. 

1. Henry T. Mowatt. 

2. Daniel Balch. 

3. Benjamin Kinsley. 

4. Alonzo Smith. 

5. Joseph E. Bennett. 

6. Sevvell Leavitt. 

CITY CLERK. 

Frederick Smyth. 

t 

COMMON COUNCIL. 

1. Nathaniel Marshall, Pres'i, 
Theodore L. Hastings, 
HoUirook Chandler. 

2. David C. Batchelder, 
Charles Currier, 
Joseph Sawyer. 

3. George W. Gilman, 
George W. Eaton, 
Joel Taylor.f 

4. Thomas P. Pierce, 
Reuben D. Mooers, 
John H. Goodale.J 

5. Hilas Dickey, 
Harry Leeds, 
Joseph D. Emerson. 

6. Isaac Huse, 
James M. \Vebster, 
Jacob Woods. 

Benjamin F. Ayer, Clerk. 



•Elected Oct. 3, 1849; sworn in Oct. e, 1849. 
tin place of Frederick Smyth, resigned. 
i In jdiice of IIil)l>ard Stevens, resigned. 



City Officers: 1846-1875. 
1850-1. 1851-2. 



47 



MAYOR. 

MOSES FELLOWS. 

ALDERMEN. 

1. Amasa Waterman. 

2. Daniel Baleh. 

3. John L. Bradford. 

4. Isaac C. Flanders. 

5. Samnel Dame. 

6. William W. Baker. 

CITY CLERK. 

Frederick Smyth. 

COMMON COUNCIL. 

1. Holbrook Chandler, 
Theodore L. Hastings, 
Theodore T. Abbot. 

2. David C. Batchelder, 
Charles Currier, 
William Reynolds. 

3. Edward Hall, 
Lorenzo Dow, 
Joseph Wilson. 

4. John H. Goodale, 

John L. Fitch, President^ 
Reuben D. Mooers. 

5. Harry Leeds, 
Hilas Dicke}^, 
Joseph D, Emerson. 

6. Isaac Marshall, 
Lewis Bartlett, 
Charles G. Morse. 



MAYOR. 

MOSES FELLOWS. 

ALDERMEN. 

Amasa Waterman. 
David Brigham. 
George Clark. 
George T. Mixer. 
Joseph W. Saunders. 
Peter Mitchell. 

CITY CLERK. 

Frederick Smyth. 

COMMON COUNCIL. 



1. Samuel Fish, 
Asa S. Trask, 
Erastus Dauielson. 

2. George M. Stevens, 
Nathaniel Smith, 
Daniel C. Bent. 

3. Daniel W. Fling, 

Isaac W. Smith, President, 
James Mitchell, jr. 

4. Francis Reed, 
Daniel Haynes, 
Henry Clough. 

5. James McCollej'', 
Benjamin Currier, 
Cyrus Sanborn. 

B. John L. Kelly, 
Daniel C. Gould, 
Israel Webster. 



Benjamin F. Ayer, Clerk. 



George A. French, Clerk. 



48 



Manchester. 



1852-3. 



1853-4. 



MAYOR. 

FREDERICK SMYTH. 

ALDERMEN. 

1. Amasa Waterman. 

2. David Briijhain. 

3. Nahuni Baldwin. 

4. Robert Moore. 

5. Isaac Tompkins. 

6. Ira W. Moore. 



MAYOR. 

FREDERICK SMYTH. 

ALDERMEN. 

1. Amasa Watei'man. 

2. Steplien Palmer. 

3. Daniel W. Fling. 

4. Robert Moore. 

5. Samuel Dame. 

6. Ira W. Moore. 



CITY CLERK. 

Georo:e A. French. 



CITY CLERK. 

Georsre A. French. 



COMMON COUNCIL. 

1. Samuel Fish, 
Asa S. Trask, 
Erastus Danielson. 

2. George M. Stevens, 
John M. Harvey, 
Daniel C. Bent. 

3. Isaac W. Smith, President, 
Daniel W. Fling, 

James Mitchell, jr. 

4. Francis Reed, 
Henry Clough, 
John B. Goodwin. 

5. James McCoUey, 
Benjamin Currier, 
Alpheus D. Burgess. 

6. John L. Kelly, 
Stephen M. Baker, 
John P. Moox-e. 

Enoch N. Abbott, Clerk. 



COMMON COUNCIL. 

1. Sampson Clatur, 
Francis W. Holbrook, 
Davis Baker. 

2. John M. Harvey, President, 
John C. Lyford, 

Orin B. Robinson. 

3. Horace .Tolmson, 
George Q. Johnson, 
Ephraim Stevens. 

4. John B. Goodwin, 
David J. Clark, 
William Patten. 

5. Amherst Kimball, 
George AV. Merriam, 
Ninian Cochran. 

6. Thomas Emerson, 
John P. Moore, 
Robert Baker. 

Enoch N. Abbott, Clerh* 
Isaac W. Smith, Clerk. 



* Resignetl Oct. 11, 1853; Isaac W. Smith electeil to till vacancy. 




M 




City Officers: 1846-1875. 49 

1854-5. 1855-6. 



MAYOR. 

FREDERICK SMYTH. 



MAYOR. 

THEODORE T. ABBOT. 





ALDERMKN. 




ALDERMEN 


1. 


Aniasa Waterman. 


1. 


Joseph Knowlton, 


2. 


John ^r. Harvey. 


2. 


John M. Ilarvey. 


3. 


Daniel W. Fling. 


3. 


John S. Yeaton. 


4. 


George A. Barnes, 


4. 


Daniel C. Bent. 


5. 


Isaac Tompkins. 


5. 


Nathaniel Derrick. 


6. 


Samuel B. Paige. 


6. 


Justin Spear. 


7. 


James Walker. 


7. 


John Moulton. 


8. 


Charles F. Davis. 


8. 


Henry H. Fuller. 



CITY CLERK. 

George A. French. 

C03IM0N COUNCIL. 



CITY CLERK. 

George A. French. 

COMMON COUNCIL. 

1. Samuel J. Tilton, 
Jesse F. Angell, 
Ira Stone. 

2. Samuel Gould, President, 
.lames M. Howe, 
Barnabas Hinds. 

3. John R. Chandler, 
John T. Spofford, 
Frederick A, Morse. 

4. John Prince, 
John S. Folsom, 
Andrew J. Butterfield. 

5. Walter Neal, 
Moses O. Pearson, 
William Stearns. 

6. William B. Bullard, 
Ephraim S. Harvey, 
Oliver Gould, 

7. John B. Watson, 
David Spoft'ord, 
William J. Fisher. 

8. James K. Stevens, 
Daniel A, Durgin, 
William Todd. 

Samuel D, Lord, Clerk. 



1. Jesse F, Angell,* 
Francis W, Holbrook, 
Samuel J, Tilton, 

2. John C, Lyford, 
Orin B, Robinson, 
Samuel Gould. 

3. George Q. Johnson, 
Jacob Peavy, 
Hiram H. Kimball. 

4. David J. Clark, President, 
Gilman H. Kimball, 
Benjamin F, Locke. 

5. AViliiam E. Eastman, 
Jewett B, Eastman, 
Horace Pettee. 

6. Nathaniel Baker, 2d, 
Thomas Emerson, 
Benjamin F. Mitchell. 

7. Joseph B. Gage, 
William B. Patten, 
Philip Stark. 

8. Enoch N. Ela, 
Thomas S. Montgomery, 
DeLafayette Robinson. 

Isaac W. Smith,t Clerk. 
Samuel D. Lord, Clerk. 

* Jesse F. Angell was ele;ted to fill the vacancy occasioned by the resignation of 
Sampson Clatur. 
t Resigned. Samuel D. Lord electetl to fill vacancy. 



50 



Manchester. 



1856-7. 



1857. 



MAYOR. 

JACOB r. JAMES. 

ALDERMEN. 

1. Jonathan Morse. 

2. William Reynolds.* 

3. Moody Currier. 

4. David Atwood. 

5. Bradbury P. Cilley. 

6. Justin Spear. 

7. Andrew C. "Wallace. 

8. Daniel Farmer, jr. 

CITY CLERK. 

Frank H. Lyford. 

COMMON COUNCIL. 

1. John Hosley, 
Jeremiah O. Pulsifer, 
Benjamin Kinsley. 

2. Daiiiel K. White, 
Jonathan Horn, 
William T. Evans. 

3. Timothy Wig,2;in Little, 
Frank A. Brown, 
Beniamin F. Martin. 

4. William S. Berry, 

Elijah M. Topliff, President, 
Joseph B. Sawyer. 

5. Amos W. Sar2;ent, 
Elbridfje G. Haynes, 
Ruel Walker. 

6. Samuel D. Farrar, 
Alden W. Sanl)orn, 
Nathan Johnson. 

7. Cliauncy C. Favor, 
Charles K. Walker, 
EdAvard C. Bryant. 

8. John E. Stearns, 
AVilliam IT. B. Newhall, 
John T. Nelson. 

Amos B. Shattuck, Clerk. 



MAYOR. 

THEODORE T. ABBOT. 

ALDERMEN. 

1. Joseph Knowlton. 

2. William Reynolds. 

3. John S. Yeaton. 

4. James Wallace. 
6. John M. Hill. 

6. Justin Spear. 

7. John Moulton. 

8. Samuel H. Edgerly. 

CITY CLERK. 

t Joel Taylor. 
Frank II. Lyford. 

COMMON COUNCIL. 

1. Jabez Besse, 
John Hosley, 
Ansel Buckminster. 

2. William T. Evans, 
Henry B. Movdton, 
Abiel C. Flanders. 

3. Frederick A. Morse, 
John T. Spoftbrd, 
John R. Chandler. 

4. John Prince, 
John S. Folsom, Presideyit, 
Andrew J. Butterfield. 

5. Amos W. Sargent, 
Elbridge G. Haynes, 
Leonard Sanl)orn. 

6. William B. Bullard, 
Samuel D. Farrar, 
Ephraim S. Harvey. 

7. Charles K. Walker, 
Chauncy C. Favor, 
Thomas F. Moulton. 

8. John Shaw, 
Levi D. Heath, 
James K. Stevens. 

Elijah M. Topliflf, Clerk. 

* William Reynolds resigned February 17, 1857. James White was elected to fill 
the vacancy, and resigned June 4, 1857, and James H. Peabody was elected to fill the 
vacancy. 

t Uesigtied April 15, 185C; Frank H. Lyford elected to fill the vacancy. 



City Officers: 1846-1875. 
1858. 1859. 



51 



MAYOR. 

ALONZO SMITH. 

ALDERMEN. 

1. Jonathan Morse. 

2. Thomas S. Sarjiont. 

3. William C. Clarke. 

4. Samuel W. Parsons. 

5. William E. Eastman. 

6. Daniel C. Gould. 

7. Andrew C. Wallace- 

8. Daniel Farmer, jr. 

CITY CLERK. 

Joseph Knowltou. 

COMMOK COUNCIL. 

1. Benjamin Kinsley, 
Moses O. Pearson, 
Charles Canfield. 

2. Otis P. AVarner, 
Alfred B. Soule, 
David M'Colley. 

3. Benjamin F. Martin, 
AViliiam Richardson, 
Stephen D. Green. 

4. Ebenezer H. Davis, 
Moulton Knowles, 

Elijah M. Toplift; President. 

5. James A. Brigham, 
Ruel Walker, 
George W. Merriam. 

6. Nathan Johnson, 
John B. Fish, 
Samuel A. Hackett. 

7. Benjamin F. Wallace, 
Leonard Moore, 
Joseph N. Prescott. 

8. George S. Chandler, 
William H. B. Newhall, 
Damon Y, Stearns. 



MAYOR. 

E. W. HARRINGTON. 

ALDERMEN, 

1. Reuben Dodge. 

2. Thomas S. Sargent, 

3. Frank A. Brown. 

4. George A. JJarues 

5. George H. Hul)l)ard, 

6. Samuel D. Farrar. 

7. Ira Barr. 

8. Daniel Farmer, jr. 

CITY CLERK. 

Joseph Knowltou. 

COMMON COUNCIL. 

1. Moses O. Pearson, 
Charles Canfield, 
George W. Thayer. 

2. Daniel K. White, 
George S. Neal, 
Josiah A. Chamberlin. 

3. William Richardson, 
Stephen D. Gi'een, 
John B. Chase. 

4. Moulton Knowles, 
James A. Brigham, 
John H. Maynard. 

5. Thomas Baxter, 
Elijah Perry, 
Horace Bonney. 

6. John B. Fish, 

Horace Pettee, President, 
Levi H. Sleeper. 

7. Leonard Moore, 
Joseph N. Prescott, 
John Bartlett. 

8. George S. Chandler, 
William G. Haynes, 
Nathaniel II. Martin. 



Amos B. Shattuck, Clerk. 



Simeon D. Farnsworth, Clerk. 



52 



Manchester. 



1860. 



1861. 



MAYOR. 

E. W, HARBINGTOJf. 

ALDERMEN. 

1. Reuben Dodge. 

2. James A. Tebbetts. 

3. Benjamin F. Martin. 

4. George A. Barnes. 
6. George II. Hul)bard. 

6. Samuel D. Farrar. 

7. John Moulton. 

8. Daniel Farmer, jr. 

CITY CLERK. 

Joseph Knowlton. 

COMMON COUNCIL. 

1. George W. Thayer, 
George C. Gihnore, 
Henry A. Campbell. 

2. Josiah A. Chaniberlin, 
George S. Neal, 
George T. Cram. 

.3. John B. Chase, 
Albert II. Daniels, 
Albion Barker. 

4. John II. Maynard, 
Seth Milliken, 
Eben French. 

5. Thomas Baxter, 
Elijah Perry, 
Horace Bonney. 

6. Horace Pcttee, Ficsident, 
Levi II. Sleeper, 
Charles W. Adams, 

7. John Bartlett, 
Willard P. Stratton, 
Daniel Mack. 

8. Geor-^^e S. Chandler, 
Dennis Cassidy, 
Damon Y. Stearns. 



MAYOR. 

DAVID A. BUNTON^. 

ALDERMEN. 

1. George C. Gilmore. 

2. James A. Tebbetts. 

3. Henry C. Merrill. 

4. James M. Bean.* 

5. John Coughlin. 

6. Elbridge G. Haynes. 

7. John C. Smith. 

8. Thomas S. Montgomery. 

CITY CLERK. 

Joseph Knowlton. 

COMMON COUNCIL. 

1. Henry A. Campbell, 
Elbridge G Woodman, IVes'<,t 
Jeremiah O. Pulsifer. 

2. George T. Cram, 
Josiah Hackett, 
Charles W. Clement, 

3. John II. Goodale, President, 
All)ion Barker, 

Ephraim S. Peabody. 

4. Seth Milliken, 
Eben French, 
William S. Palmer. 

5. Hugh Burns, 
Daniel Connor, 
John Gillis. 

6. Ezra Kimball, 
Benjamin C. Kendall, 
Charles W. Adams. 

7. Daniel Mack, 
John II. Hand, 
Elbridge Hartshorn. 

8. Dennis Cassidy, 
Edwin R. Warren, 
AVilliam Todd. 



Simeon D. Farnsworth, Clerh. Simeon D. Farnsworth, Clerk. 

•Jolin H Maynard elected in March to fill the vacancy occ.isinncd by the death of 
Mr. Bean. . , . ,, „ , , 

t Elected President in October, 1861, vice John H. Goodale. 



City Officers: 1846-1875. 



53 



1802. 



1863. 



MAYOR. 

DAVID A. BUNTON. 

ALDERMEN. 

1. George C. Gilmore. 1. 

2. Heniy B, Moulton. 2. 

3. Henry C. Merrill. 3. 

4. John H. Maynard. 4. 

5. Jolm Coushlin. 5. 

0. Elbridge G. Haynes. 6. 

7. John C Smith. 7. 

8. Thomas S. Montgomery. 8. 

CITY CLERK. 

Joseph Knowlton. 

COMMON COUNCIL. 

1. Jeremiah O. Pulsiler, 1. 
Elbridge G. Woodman, PresH, 
Stephen P. Duntley. 

2. Josiah Hackett, 2. 
Charles W. Clement, 

Samuel Clark. 

3. Ephraim S. Peabody, 3. 
Henry P. AVilson, 

Thomas R. Hubbard. 

4. William S. Palmer, 4. 
Robert F. Moore, 
Nathaniel W. Cumner. 

5. James Madden, 5. 
William Little, 

Thomas Stack. 

6. Benjamin C. Kendall, 6. 
Ezra Kimball, 

Jeremiah L, Fogg. 

7. John O. Parker,' 7. 
James W. Preston, 
Ebenezer Hartshorn. 

8. Edwin R. Warren, 8. 
John E. Stearns, 

Warren Stearns. 



MAYOR. 

THEODORE T. ABBOT. 

ALDERMEN. 

John Hosley. 
Henry B. Moulton. 
Joseph H. Haynes. 
George Holbrook. 
Thomas Howe. 
Ira W. Moore. 
.Tames W. Preston. 
Thomas S. Montgomery. 

CITY CLERK. 

Joseph Knowlton, 

COMMON COUNCIL. 

Francis P. Sargent, 

Henry C. Tilton, 

Andrew J. Dickey. 

Samuel Clark, 

Isaac H. Russell, 

John T. Robinson. 

Thomas R. Iluljbard, 

George W. Quinby, 

William C. Hazelton. 

Robert F. Moore, 

Nath'l W. Cunmer, President, 

George W. Gardner. 

W^illiam Little, 

Thomas Stack, 

Michael Gillis. 

Jeremiah L. Fogg, 

Jonathan Y. McQueston, 

Ebenezer G. Knight. 

John O. Parker, 

John C. Head, 

David K. Boutelle, 

John E. Stearns, 

Warren Stearns, 

Harmon S. Burns. 



Orren C. Moore, Cleric, 



Orren C. Moore, Clerk, 



64 



Manchester. 



1864. 



1865. 



MAYOR. 

FREDERICK SMYTH. 

ALDERMEN. 

1. John Hosley. 

2. S.amuel Clark. 

3. Joseph H. Ilaynes. 

4. George Holbrook. 

5. John Rourke. 

6. Ira W. Moore. 

7. Allen N. Clapp. 

8. Thomas S. Montgomery. 

CITY CLERK. 

Joseph Knowlton. 

COMMON COUNCIL. 

1. Andrew J. Dickey, 
Amos Sargent, 

2. John Gillis. 

Isaac H. Russell, President, 
John T. Robinson, 
Jeremiah Fisk. 

3. George W. Quinby, 
AVilliam C. Hazelton, 
Thomas R. Hubbard. 

4. Otis Barton, 
Hamilton M. Bailey, 
Hiram Hill. 

5. Asa Place, 
Michael Gillis, 
Timothy D. O'Connor. 

6. Jonathan Y, McQueston, 
Ebenezer G. Knight, 
George N. Andrews. 

7. David K. Boutelle, 
John Patterson, 
Joseph N Prescott. 

8. Harmon S. Burns, 
Richard W. Lang, 
William G. Everett. 

Horace M. Gillis, Clerk. 



* Died August 15. 
t Died May 31 . 



MAYOR. 

DARWIN J. DANIELS,* 
JOHN HOSLEY.t 

ALDERMEN. 

1. John Gillis. 

2. Samuel Clark. 

3. Thomas R. Hubbard. 

4. David A. Bunton. 

5. John Rourke. 

6. Ebenezer G. Knight. 

7. Allen N. Clapp. 

8. Thomas S. Montgomery. 

CITY CLERK. 

Joseph Knowlton,J 
Joseph E. Bennett. § 

COMMON COUNCIL. 

1. Amos Sargent, 
Harvey Huse, 
Daniel H. Maxfield. 

2. Isaac H. Russell, President, 
William W. Wade, 
Christopher C. Colby. 

3. Hiram Forsaith, 
Elbridge G. Fisk, 
Cyrus Dunn. 

4. Otis Barton, 
Hamilton M. Bailey, 
Hiram Hill. 

5. Timothy D. O'Connor, 
Asa Place, 

John Ryan. 

6. Amos J. Wilson, 
James P. Eaton, 
Enos C. Howlett. 

7. Joseph N. Prescott, 
John Pattei-son, 
Robert M. Shirley. 

8. William G. Everett, 
Richard W. Lang, 
Dennis Cassidy. 

Horace M. Gillis, Clerk. 

t Elcctefl to fill vacancy. 
§ Elected to till vacancy. 



City Officers: 184G-1875. 

18GC>. 1867. 



65 



MAYOR. 

JOHJ^^ HOSLEY. 

ALDERMEN. 

1. John Gillis. 

2. Isaac H. Russell. 

3. Samuel Hall. 

4. John C. Young. 

5. Daniel Connoi". 

6. Isaac Whittemore. 

7. John Patterson. 

8. Thomas S. Montgomery. 

CITY CLERK. 

Joseph E. Bennett. 

COMMON COUNCIL. 

1. Daniel H. Maxfleld, 
Harvej^ Huse, 
Henry A. Campbell. 

2. Christopher C. Colby, 
William W. Wade, 
Joseph W. Bean. 

3. Hiram Forsaith, President^ 
Cvi'us Dunn, 

William P. Newell. 

4. Charles E. Balch, 
George S. Holmes, 
Arthur L. Walker. 

5. George W. Hunkins, 
John Ryan, 

John White. 

6. Enos C. Howlett, 
Joseph Rowley, 
Thomas Emerson. 

7. Robert M. Shirley, 
Chauncy C. Favor, 
Charles S. Fisher. 

8. James K. Stevens, 
John Field, 
Alonzo L. Day. 



MAYOR. 

JOSEPH B. CLARK. 

ALDERMEN. 

1. William G. Perry. 

2. Ezra Huntington. 

3. Samuel HalL 

4. John C. Young. 

5. Daniel Connor. 

6. Isaac Whittemore. 

7. John Patterson. 

8. Daniel K. White. 

CITY CLERK. 

Joseph E. Bennett. 

COMMON COUNCIL. 

1. Henry A. Campbell, 
Heui-y C. Sanderson, 
John Plumer. 

2. Joseph W. Bean, 
Granville P. Mason, 
John Pattee. 

3. William P. Newell, 
Seth J. Sanborn, 
John Bru2;ger. 

4. Charles E.^Balch, 
George S. Holmes, 
Arthur L. Walker. 

5. George W. Hunkins, 
George Fox, 
Andrew Farrell. 

6. Joseph Rowley, 
Alexander M. Corning, 
William F. Sleeper. 

7. Charles S. Fisher, 
Isaac Lewis, 
Joseph H. Brooks. 

8. John Field, 
George H. Gerry, 
David A. Messer. 



Horace M. Gillis, Clerk. 



Horace M. Gillis, Clerk. 



56 



Manchester. 



1868. 



1869. 



MAYOR. 

JAMES A. WESTON. 



MAYOR. 

ISAAC W. SMITH. 



ALDERMEN. 

1. William G. Perry. 

2. Ezra Huntin2:ton. 

3. William P. Newell. 

4. Horace B. Putnam. 

5. Daniel Connor. 

6. Joseph Rowley. 

7. Chauncy C. Favor. 

8. George H. Gerry. 

CITY CLERK. 

Joseph E. Bennett. 

COMMON COUNCIL. 

1. Henry C. Sanderson, PresH, 
John Plumer. 

William Bursiel. 

2. John Pattee, 
Henry A. Farrington, 
Henry Lewis. 

3. Seth J. Sanborn, 
Peter K. Chandler, 
Eeed P. Silver. 

4. Arthur M. Eastman, 
Benjamin W. Robinson, 
Jonathan B Moore. 

5. George Fox, 
Andrew Farrell, 
Michael Kelley. 

G. William F. Sleeper, 
Alexander M. Corning, 
George H. Hubl)ard. 

7. Joseph H. Brooks, 
Isaac Lewis, 
Samuel Brooks. 

8. David A. Messer, 
Albert A. Partridge, 
Hiram Stearns. 

Horace M. Gillis, Clerk. 



ALDERMEN. 

1. Daniel H. Maxfield. 

2. Henry A. Farrington. 

3. William P. Newell. 

4. Horace B. Putnam. 

5. Daniel Connor. 

6. George H. Hubbard. 

7. Chauncy C. Favor. 

8. George H, Gerry. 

CITY CLERK. 

Joseph E. Bennett. 

COMMON COUNCIL. 

1. William Bursiel, 
AVilliam H. Maxwell, 
John P. Currier. 

2. Henry Lewis, 
Thomas R. Northrup, 
William B. Underbill. 

3. Peter K. Chandler, President, 
Reed P. Silver, 

Simon F. Stanton. 

4. Arthur M. Eastman, 
Benjamin W. Robinson, 
.Jonathan B. Moore. 

5. Cornelius Healey, 
Patrick Devine,* 
John McKeon. 

6. Dustin L. .Jenkins, 
.John W. .Johnson, 
George E. Glines. 

7. Samuel I3rooks, 
David O. Webster, 
John K. M(;Queston. 

8. Albert A. Partridge, 
Hiram Stearns, 
William G. Everett. 

Horace M. Gillis,t Clerk. 



* Resigned ; .lohn L. Kennedy elected to fill vacancy. 

t Died .July 7, 1869; Elbridge D. Hadley elected to fill vacancy. 



City Officers: 1840-1875. 
1870. 1871. 



57 



:may()1!. 
JAMES A. WESTON. 

ALDKItMKN. 

1. Daniel II. MaxlicM. 

2. Henry A. Farriii^ton. 

3. Peter K. Chandler. 

4. Horace P. Watts. 

5. Cornelius Ilealey. 

6. George H. IIul)l)aril. 

7. Samuel Brooks. 

8. William G. Everett. 

CITY CLKRK. 

Joseph E. Bennett. 

COMMON COUNCIL. 

1. William Bursiel, 
Wiliam II. Maxwell, 
John P. Currier, President. 

2. Thomas P. Xortliru]), 
William B. rnderhill, 
Henry W. Powell. 

3. Simon F. Stanton, 
Nehemiah S. Bean, 
Georsje R. Simmons. 

4. William R. Patten, 
Jacob B. Hartwell, 
Joseph B. Sawyer. 

5. John L. Kennedy, 
Lawrence Foley, 
Thomas Willis. 

6. Dustin L. Jenkins, 
John W. Jolnison, 
Georije E. Glines. 

7. David O. Webster, 
John K. McQueston, 
William M. Shei)ard. 

8. Henry II. Fuller, 
Harris J. l\)or, 
Albert A. Woodward. 

Elbridge D. Iladley, Clerk. 



MAYOlt. 

.TAMES A. WESTON. 

ALDERMEN. 

1. Georn-e W. Thayer. 

2. Henry Lewis. 

3. William Flanders,* 
Peter K. Cliandler.f 

4. James S. Cheney. 

5. Dani(d Connor. 

6. John Hosley. 

7. William N. Chaml)erlia. 

8. William G. Everett. 

CITY CLEKK'. 

Joseph E. Bennett. 

COMMON COUNCIL. 

1. Israel W. Dickey, 
Oscar M. Titus, 
Sylvanus B. Putnam. 

2. Henry W. Powell, 
Dana D. Towne, 
John C. Smith. 

3. Nehemiah S Bean, 
George R. Simmons, 
Henry C. Reynolds. 

4. William R. Patten, Pr-esidcjJt, 
Jacob B. Hartwell, 

Joseph B. Sawyer. 

5. Lawrence Fole}^, 
John L. Kennedy, 

Austin O'Malley. , 

6. Jacob J. Abbott, 
Edwin Kennedy, 
Jeremiah llodgi;. 

7. William M. Shepard, 
James C. Russcdl, 
Benjamin K. Parker. 

8. Harris J. Poor, 
Albex't A. Woodward, 
Silas A. Felton. 

Elbridge D. Iladley. Clerk, t 



•Died February 7, 1871. t Elected March 14, 1871. 

t Resigned Deceiiil'er, KS71; Tlionias W. Laue elected to lill vacaucy. 



58 



Manchester. 



1872. 



1873. 



MAYOR. 

PERSOK C. CIIEXEY. 

ALDERMEN. 

1. George "W. Thayer. 

2. Henry Lewis. 

3. ]i*feheminh S. Bean. 

4. Horace Pettee. 

5. Lawrence Foley. 

6. Ephraini S. Harvey. 

7. William ^. Chamberlin. 

8. Albert A. Woodward. 

CITY CLERK. 

Joseph E. Bennett. 

COMMON COUNCIL. 

1. Israel W. Dickey, 
Oscar M. Titus, 
Levi L. Aldrich. 

2. Dana D. Towne, 
John C. Smitli, 
Leonard Shelters. 

3. Henry C. Reynolds, 
Charles A. Smith, 
John L. Kellv. 

4. Charles K. Colley, 
Jason Weston, 
Joseph L. Smith. 

5. John L. Kenned}', 
Austin O'Malley, 
Patrick Harrington. 

6. Jacob J. Abliott, 

■ Edwin Kennedy, President, 
Jeremiah Hodge. 

7. James C. Russell, 
Benjamin K. Parker, 
Augustus G. Stevens. 

8. Silas A.Felton, 
,Tohn Field, 
Frank D. llanscom. 

Thomas W. Lane, Glerk.% 



MAYOR. 

CHARLES H. BARTLETT, 
JOHN P. NEWELL.t 



ALDERMEN. 



Israel W. Dickey. 
Jonathan B. Moore. 
Nehemiah S. Bean. 
Horace Pettee. 
John Sweeney. 

6. Ephraim S. Harvey. 

7. Luther E. Wallace. 

8. Albert A. Woodward. 

CITY CLERK. 

Joseph E. Bennett. 



COMMON COUNCIL 



1. Levi L. Aldrich, 
>Sam C. Lowell, 
James L. Sweet. 

2. Leonard Shelters, 
John W. Dickey, 
Frank S. Pusluu-. 

3. Charles A. Smith, President, 
Rufus H. Pike, 

Rol)ert G. Annan. 

4. Charles R. Colley, 
Joseph L. Smith, 
eJason "VVeston. 

5. John L. Kennedy, 
Patrick Cullitv, 
John F. Cab ill. 

G. Henry B. Fairbanks, 
Amory Cobb. 
Charles K. Tucker. 

7. William G. Dunham, 
Isaac W. Darrah, 
Isaac R. Dewey. 

8. Silas A. Felton, 
Frank D. llanscom, 
John Field. 

Sylvanns B. Putnam, CJcrk. 



t Resigned May, 1872; Sylvamis B. Putnam elected to till vacancy. 
* Resigned February 18tli, 1873. t Elected to till vacancy. 



City Officers: 184(;-1875. 
1874-;'). 



.50 



MAYOR. 

JAMES A. WESTON. 



ALDKRMEN. 



1. Israel W. Die-key. 

2. Joiialhaii 15. JNIoore. 
'.i. CrL'OTL'e H. ISiinnioiiis. 
4. Martin V. J> Eili^crly. 



5, John L. Kenned Y 
<;. John M. Hayes.' 

7. James P. Walker. 

8. Silas A. Felton. 



CITY CLERK. 

Joseph E Bennett. 

COMMON COUNCIL. 



Sam C. Lowell, 
James L. Sweet, 
James Patten. 
John W. Diekey, 
Frank S. Pushee, 
Jonathan Dodge. 
Eufus H. Pike, President^ 
Robert G. Annan, 
Tiiomas W. Lane. 
Samuel F. Murry, 
Augustus F. Hail, 
John K. Piper. 

Svlvanus B 



5. Patrick Cullity, 
Patrick Riordan, 
Patrick J. O'Neil. 

6. Isaac Huse, 
Jeremiah Abl)ott, 
David M. Goodwin. 

7. William G. Dunham, 
Isaac W. Darrali, 
Isaac R. Dewey. 

8. Madison Gerry, 
Warren K. Richardson, 
Lorenzo D. Colby. 

Putnam, Clerk. 



1846. 
1847- 



CITY 

Thomas Iloyt. 
Jacob G. Cilley. 



TREASURERS. 

1849-50. James M. Berry. 
1851-75. Henry R. Chamberlin. 



CITY SOLICITORS. 



1846-8. Daniel Clark. 1860. 

1849-50. William C. Clarke. 1861- 

1851. Daniel Clark. 1865- 

1852-3. David Cross. 1867. 

1854-5. Isaac W. Smith.* 1868- 

1855-6. Samuel D. Lord.f 1870- 

1857. Herman Foster. 187:}. 

1858-9. Josepli B. Clark. 1874. 

* Resigne<I in July, 1855. ^ 



William W. Morris. 
4. Charles W. Johnson. 
0. Edward S. Cutter. 

Charles IT. Bartlett. 
9. Cyrus A. Sulloway. 
2. Nathan P. Hunt. 

John H. Andrews. 

James F. Briggs. 
t Kloctoiliii July, I.S55. 



60 Manchester. 

STATE OF THE VOTE FOR MAYOR AT EACH ELECTION. 



Till ISoO a luajoiity of all the votes cast was iipcessary 
for an election ; after that a })lurality. The second Tues- 
day of March was first appointed for tl»e city election, but 
the day was changed in I80G to the second Tuesday of De- 
cember. In 1874 the original time was again appointed by 
the legislature. 

April ;^0, 

Jacol) F. James (whig), 472 

George W. Morrison (dem.), 816 
Thomas Browu (temp.), 145 

Scattering, 103 

No choice. 

May 22, 

Jacob F. James (whig), 644 

George "VV. Morrison (dem.), 247 
Thomas Brown (temi).), 78 

Scattering, 64 

Jacob F. James elected. 

1848. 



1846. 




August 19. 




Hiram Bx'owu (whig), 
William C. Clarke (demo- 
crat). 


669 
442 


Thomas Brown (temper- 
ance), 

Scattering, 
No choice. 


106 
42 


September 1, 




Hiram Brown (whig), 
Isaac C. Flanders (dem.), 
Thomas Brown (temp.). 
Scattering, 

Hiram Brown elected. 


602 

347 

109 

51 


1847. 




Mari-b 9. 




Jacob F. James (whig), 


797 



Kichard H. Ayer (dem.), 
Thomas Brown (temp.), 
Scattering, 
No choice. 

March 30. 

Jacob F. James (whig), 
Kichard H. Ayer (dem.), 
Thomas Brown (temp.). 
Scattering, 
No choice. 



March 14. 
Jacob F. James (whig). 
Moody Currier (dem.), 
Joseph Cochran, jr., (aboli- 
tion), 
797 Thomas Brown (temp.), 
689 Scattering, 
155 No choice. 
20 

April 7. 

Jacob F. James (whig), 
Moody Currier (dem.), 

553 Joseph Cochran, jr., (abo.), 

479 Scattering, 

256 No choice. 
53 



886 
603 

266 
74 
14 



618 

498 

144 

82 



VoTKs Foii Mayor: 184G-187o. 



61 



April 2i). 

Jiveol) F. .lanii'S (wliiii), 
Mood}' Currier ((k'ln.), 
Josepli Cochran, jr., (abo.), 
ScatU'riu>r, 

Jacob F. James elected. 

1849. 

March 18, 

Mace Moulton (dem.), 
Jo.sei)h Cocliran, jr., (abo.), 
Jacob F'. James (whig), 
Scatterinjj;, 
No choice. 



1851. 

^^^ Moses Fellows (whig), 
-^l'> Walter Freiicii (dem.), 
<>■+ Alouzo Smith (abo.), 
!•■>'> Scattering, 

Moses Fellows elected. 



1852. 

67(i T'l'tMlerick Smyth (whig), 
()(31 ^Vi'lter French (dem.), 
goy Alonzo Smith (abo.), 
21 Scattering, 

Frederick Smyth elected. 



893 

010 

•J.07 

15 



934 

7-27 

87 



'^''''' ''• 1853. 

Joseph Cochran, jr., (al)o,), 367 

Jacob F. James (whig), 344 Frederick Smyth (whig). 

Mace Moulton (dem.), 79 Stevens James (dem.). 

Scattering, 62 Scattering, 
No choice. Frederick Smyth elected. 



1026 

604 

9 



May 5. 

1854 

Joseph Cochran, jr., (abo ), 355 

Jacob F. James (whig), 255 Frederick Smyth (whig), 1344 

AValter French (dem.), 161 William C. Clarke (deiii.), 787 

Scattering, 17 Scattering, 10 

No choice. Frederick Smyth elected. 



June 2. 

Joseph Cochran, jr., (abo.), 338 

Jacoi) F. Jii^nes (whig), 185 

Walter French (dem.), 152 

Scattering, 54 
No choice. 

October 6. 

Warren L. Lane (dem.), 422 

Thomas R. Crosby (whig), 268 

Joseph Cochran, jr., (abo.), 17 

Scattering, 9 
Warren L. Lane elected. 

1850. 

Moses Fellows (whig), 936 

Warren L. Lani^ ((U'Ui.), 8U3 

Scattering, 6 
Moses Fellows elected. 



1855. 

Theodore 1'. Abbot (know- 

nothinu), 1995 

Frederick G. Stark (dem.), 668 
Scattering, 7 

Theodo're T. Abbot elected. 



1856. 

March 11. 

Theodore T. Abbot (repub- 
lican), 1104 
George W. Morrison (dem.), 1041 
Scattering, 7 
Theodore T. Abbot elected. 



62 



Manchester. 



1856. 
December 9. 

Jacob F. .Tames (rej).), 
Isaac C. Flanders (dem.), 
Scattering, 
Jacob F. James elected. 

1857. 

Alonzo Smith (rep.), 
Edward W. Harrington 

(dem.), 
Jacob F. James (rep.), 
Scatterinsr, 

Alonzo Smith elected. 

1858. 
Edward W. IIarrin<rton 



1863. 

Frederick Smyth (rep.), 90S 
-,9-., Scattering, 11 

^,)j Frederick Smyth elected. 

17 

1864. 

Darwin J. Daniels (rep.), 960 
Joseph Kidder (dem.), 403 

309 * Darwin J. Daniels elected. 



754 1865. 

QftQ 

g John ITosley (ind.), 
Josei^h B. Clark (lep.), 
John Hosley elected. 

1866. 



1035 
908 



(dem.), 
Alonzo Smith (rep.), 
ScatteriniT, 



1100 Joseph B. Clnrk (rep.), 1.320 

1085 Edward W. Harrington 
„, , ^ (democrat), ' 780 

Edward W. Ilarruigton elected. Joseph B. Clark elected. 

^^^^- 1867. 

Edward W. Ilarrincjton ^ . „. 

(dem.), ^ 1335 James A. Weston (dem.), 1037 

Bradbury P. Cilley (rep.) 1303 •T<'st>ph B. Clark (rep.), 1355 
Scatterinl,^ 1 Scattering, 4 

Edward W. Harrington elected, '^'^^^les A. Weston elected. 



1860. 

David A. Bunton (rep.), 12 
Bradbiu-y P. Cilley (inde- 
pendent). 
Scattering, 

David A. Bunion elected 



1868. 

Isaac W. Smith (rep.), 1490 

James A. Weston (dem.), 14(!7 
842 Isaac W. Smith elected. 
20 

1869. 

1^Q\ James A. Weston (dem.), 9.38 

Isaac W. Smith (rep.), 792 

David A. Bunton (rep.), 1052 James A. Weston elected. 
James A. AVeston (dem.), 800 
Scattering, 3 1870. 

David A. Bunton elected. 

James A. Weston (dem.), 1153 

-iQp,9 Andrew C. AVallace (rep.). 957 

Peter K. Chandler (temp.), 102 

Theodore T. Abbot (rcj).), 910 S(tattering, 3 

James A. Weston (dem.), 892 James A. Weston elected. 

Theodore T. Abbot elected. 



*Di(!d August 15. ls(i5. .John Hosley (republican) elected by the City Councils. 



Votes for Mayor: 184()-187o. 63 

1871. 1873. 

Person C. Cheney (rep.), "K^^G James A. Weston (dem.), loSQ 

John Ilosley (dem.), 1027 John P. Newell (rep,), 1067 

Person C. Cheney eleetcd. Charles C. Keniston (temp.), 173 

James A. VV eston elected. 

1872. 

Charles II. Bartlett (rep.), 1316 

Joseph Kidder (ind.), 935 

t Charles H. Bartlett elected. 

t Resigned February 18, 1S72. John P. Newell (republican) elected by the City 
Councils. 



THE CITY OF TO-DAY. 



"lUlfHE Manchester of to-day is the wonderful outgrowth 
^%^( of a town which once Iiad the name of being the 

■^ r" poorest in the state. It is situated in latitude forty- 
two degrees fifty-three minutes north, in longitude seven- 
ty-one degrees thirty-one minutes nine seconds west, its 
meridian time being one minute and thirty-one seconds 
slower than that of Boston. It extends up and down both 
sides of the Merrimack river, is sixteen miles south from 
Concord, seventeen north from Nashua, forty-one west from 
Portsmouth, twenty-six northwest from Lawrence, fifty-two 
north-northwest from Boston. It contains twenty-one thou- 
sand seven hundred acres, about one quarter of which is 
improved land. On the east is Massabesic lake, the larg- 
est sheet of still water in the state south of Concord, 
through which passes the line between Manchester and Au- 
burn. On the south are Litchfield and Londonderry, on 
the west Bedford and Goffstown, on the north Goffstown 
and Hooksett. 

It was the first city incorporated in New Hampshire, is 
the largest and wealthiest, possesses one-tenth of the 
state's wealth and population, produces one-eighth of its 
manufactured goods, and is the fourth city in the United 
States in the value of its cotton and woolen manufactures. 
Thirty-five years ago it was tenanted by less than a thou- 
sand people, while to-day it counts thirty thousand inhab- 



66 Manchester. 

itaiits and has over six thousand two hundred rata1)le polls. 
The tax-list of 1874 was $012,835.95, of which the state 
tax was 836,428 ; the county tax, .120,637.18 ; and the mu- 
nicipal tax, -$255,770.77. The resident tax was $311,717.- 
24 ; the non-resident tax, $1,008.71 ; the dog tax, $757. 
The rate of taxation was twenty-four dollars and sixty 
cents on a thousand dollars. There were fourteen hun- 
dred and three horses, valued at $111,854 ; five hundred 
and ninety-seven cows and oxen, valued at $17,342 ; forty- 
one sheep, valued at 8116 ; carriages valued at $37,126 ; 
six hundred and twenty-five male and sixty-six female 
dogs. The money in the city at interest which was taxed 
was $33,660 ; the value of the stock in trade, $1,174,290 ; 
of stocks in banks, $301,540 ; of factories and machinery, 
$2,930,900 ; of real estate, $7,488,224 ; of the polls, $621,- 
000. The total assessed valuation was $12,716,892, which 
is about two-thirds of the actual value. The value of the 
city property, includiug the school property, is about $1,- 
350,000. The city has $50,000 invested in the Suncook 
A^allcy railway. Its debt is about nine hundred and forty 
thousand dollars, two-thirds of which is in bonds issued to 
meet the expense of its water-works, while the rest is in 
city bonds and individual notes. 

Manchester is in congressional district number two, in 
councilor district number three, and is the whole of sena- 
torial district number three, having, of course, within its 
limits, the state senator, the Hon. George B. Chandler. It 
is divided into seven wards, is entitled to al)Out twenty-five 
state representatives, and had in March, 1874, nearly forty- 
two hundred legal voters. It is the residence of two ex- 
governors — the Hon. Frederick Smyth and the Hon. Eze- 
kiel A. Straw ; of the present governor — the Hon. James 
A. Weston, who is also mayor of the city ; of the county 
treasurer — Daniel W. Lane. It is the home of the attor- 
ney general — the Hon. Lewis W. Clark; of an associate 



Streets. 67 

justice of the superior court of judicature — the IIou. Isaac 
W. Smith ; of au associate justice of the circuit court — 
the Hou. Cliulou W. Stanley ; of an ex-judge of tlie court 
of couinion pleas — the Hou. Charles R. Morrison; of the 
judue of the United States district court in New Hamp- 
shire — the Hon. Daniel Clark ; of two United States com- 
missiouci's — the Hou. Charles II. Bartlett and the Hon. 
Clinton W. Stanley ; of the clerk of the New Hampshire 
district court — the Plon. Charles H. Bartlett ; of two ex- 
members of the United States Senate — the Hon. Daniel 
Clark and the Hon. Samuel N. Bell ; of an ex-member of 
the United States House of Representatives — the Hon. 
George W. Morrison ; of the collector of internal revenue 
for the secoiul collection district — Elijah M. Topliff; of 
the deputy collector — Cyrus A. SuUoway ; of the judge 
of probate for Hillsborough county — the Hon. Lucien B. 
Clough ; of the late judge of probate — the Hon. David 
Cross; of one of the county commissioners — Col. George 
W. Riddle. 

STREETS. 

Manchester's centre of population and business is nearly 
half way from its northern and southern limits and on the 
east side of the Merrimack. Along the latter's east bank 
are stretciied its manufactories, their canals running par- 
allel with the river and bordered by the track of the Con- 
cord railway and a street of sixty feet in width which be- 
longs to the cori)orations. Forty or fifty rods to the east of 
this and parallel with it, at an elevation of ninety feet from 
the surface of the river, extends the city's main thorough- 
fare, called p]lm street, two miles and a half long, paved in 
part with granite blocks, bordered with brick or concrete 
sidewalks and shaded with trees. It was laid out as a pub- 
lic highway by the selectmen of the town on the fifth of 



68 Manchester. 

May, 1840, one hundred feet wide, twelve feet on each side 
for sidewalks and ten feet in the centre for ornamental 
trees. Some of the elms which gave it its name were left 
standing in the middle of the street till the gas from leaky- 
pipes destroyed the last, in front of Smyth's block, in 1855. 

Manchester is divided into thirteen highway districts, 
each under the charge of a sn{)crintendeut annually elected 
by the city councils, of which district numlier two includes 
the city proper and contains six miles of sewers. In the 
space given on Weston's map, which includes somewhat 
more than the compact part of the city, there are fifty- 
seven miles of streets. Outside of that tiieie are .sixty 
more, making a total of about one Imndred and twenty 
miles of streets already built and many more are projected 
and will be laid out before long. There was appropriated 
by the city in 1874 for repairs of highways $18,500 ; for 
paving and macadamizing $10,000; for new streets $7,000. 
Including paving and macadamizing, this would give $240 
as the sum per mile expended on streets already built ; ex- 
clusive of them, $155. 

Within the compact part of the city the streets run nearly 
north and south, east and west, and are from fifty to sixty 
feet wide. On the west side of the river and in the suburbs 
of the city the highways conform to the old lines of travel. 
The soil is generally light and sandy, some portions, how- 
ever, being productive and easy of cultivation. Granite 
ledges are found in the northern and eastern sections. Its 
surface is generally level, \tut there are several hills in a 
group in the northeast ])art, one of which, just to the east 
and making a division between the sloj)es to the river and 
the lake, overlooks the whole city and commands an exten- 
sive view of the surrounding country. There is a high 
l>lutf on the west side of the river, to which the name of 
Rock Rimmon was long since given and which time has 
corrupted into Rock Raymond. 



Streams and Ponds. G9 

streams and ponds. 

Manchester's largest stream, the Merrimack ami Piscata- 
quog rivers excepted, is Cohas brook, through which the 
waters of Massabesic lake run four miles, falling one hun- 
dred and twenty-five feet in that distance, and empty into 
the Merrimack river. The lake itself is about four miles 
from the city proper, contains twenty-three hundred and 
fifty acres and has a circumference of twenty-five miles. 
It is divided into two parts each about one mile wide and 
three miles long, connected by a narrow stream at what is 
called " Deer Neck," to one of which the frequency of small 
islands has given the name of Island pond. 

There are several other ponds whose outlets, flowing 
across it from east to west, diversify the surface of the 
city. Stevens pond lies at the base of a hill in the eastern 
part of the city, contains twelve acres and empties into the 
Merrimack through Cemetery brook. Long pond lies south 
of Massabesic, and its outlet is the Little Cohas brook. It 
contains thirty acres. Mosquito pond contains eight or ten 
acres, is situated near the school-house in district number 
nine, and its waters flow into the Great Cohas. Nutt's 
pond, once called Fort pond because a fort was built near 
its western shore during the Indian wars, is in the southern 
part of the city. It contains about fifteen acres and its 
waters mingle at length with those of the Merrimack. 
There are a dozen brooks of greater or less size, of which 
the most important are Great and Little Cohas brooks, 
which flow respectively from Massabesic lake and Long 
pond into the Merrimack ; Cemetery bi'ook, once known as 
Amoskeag biook, which empties into the same river the 
waters of Stevens pond ; Ray brook, which rises in Hook- 
sett and flows into the Merrimack near Amoskeag Falls; 
Black and Millstone brooks, which are tributaries of the 
Merrimack on its western side in Amoskeag ; and Mile 



70 Manchester. 

brook, which flows, chiefly in culverts, through the most 
densely settled parts of the city, carrying the waters of the 
ponds on Hanover and Merrimack squares into the Ceme- 
tery brook. 

VILLAGES. 

The city has several villages which arose from geograph- 
ical circumstance, viz. : Piscataquog, Amoskeag, Manches- 
ter Centre, Goffe's Falls, Bakersville, Hallsville, Janes- 
ville, Youngsville and Towlesville. Amoskeag was named 
from the falls — "the place of much fish;" Piscataquog 
from the river — "the place of much deer;" the Centre 
because it was the original town. Goflfe's Falls obtained 
its designation from Col. John Goffe, who settled there in 
1734, but took the name of Moore's village after the Goffe 
farm and mills passed into the hands of Capt. Samuel 
Moore who married a daughter of Col. Goffe. The place 
is now known, however, as Goffe's Falls. That name was 
originally given to the falls in Cohas brook, but is now 
applied to the rapids in the Merrimack just above the 
brook's mouth. Bakersville was so called from being built 
upon the farm of the late Joseph Baker. Hallsville was 
named for Joseph B. Hall, once a large real estate owner 
in that vicinity ; Janesville for Mrs. Jane South wark, wife 
of Taylor M. Southwark, whose maiden name was Jane 
Young and who inherited the land there ; Towlesville for 
Hiram Towle who owned the territory on which the settle- 
ment stands ; Youngsville for the Youngs who dwelt there. 
Tiie last five were built on land beyond that which was in- 
cluded in the Amoskeag Company's j)urchases, and not 
many years ago were separated from the compact })art of 
the city by woods. Hallsville and Janesville once had their 
tavern and stores, but they are all now only localities, their 
identity being slowly lost in the city's expansion. Man- 



Sewers. 



Chester Centre, Amoskeag and Piscataquog have been each 
the centre of hiisincss and enterprise. Of these the Cen- 
tre was entirely bereft by the railway, but Fiscataquog, 
though no longer at the head of navigation on the river, is 
a thriving village, while Amoskeag has been till recently 
employed in the manufacture of shoes. Goffe's Falls, as 
well as the two latter places, supports stores of its own, 
and the Cohas brook supplies water power for hosiery, 
crash and cassimere mills. The trains on the Portsmouth 
railway stop at Hallsville and Massal)esic pond ; those of 
the North Weare at Piscataquog ; while Manchester itself, 
Amoskeag and Gotfe's Falls are stations on the Concord 
railway. 

SEWERS. 

The system of sewerage in the compact })art of the city 
is based upon a survey and report made in 1856 by James 
Slade, a civil engineer in the employ of the city of Boston, 
in accordance with a vote of the city councils. By this 
system the city is divided, for purposes of drainage, into 
four sections, and large sewers were projected in Elm and 
Union streets and two others to the east, running north 
and south and connecting with the main sewer on Cedar 
street, running east and west, which was to empty into the 
Merrimack river below the lowest mill. From the large 
sewers branches of smaller size were to be built in the 
streets running east and west, and from these again oiher 
sewers still smaller to branch into the streets lying north 
and south of the latter. The general idea of this plan was 
adopted by the city and new sewers are built and old ones 
repaired in accordance with it. The original sewer still 
remains in Elm street and a new one, egg-shaped, of six 
times its capacity, has been built. The sewers in Union 
and Cedar streets have been partially built and the other 



72 Mancbester. 

lai'gc ones arc not yet needed. They are at present dis- 
charged into Cemetery brook and thence into the lower ca- 
nal. The smaller sewers are continually being replaced 
by new ones. Piscataquog villaiie is drained by sewers 
in Main street, emptying into Piscataquog river, and in 
Granite street, emptying into the Merrimack. The larg- 
est sewers are generally of brick, thougii partially of brick 
and cement. 

SQUARES. 

To the Amoskeag Company Manchester is indebted for 
five public commons in the heart of the city, in addition to 
the private squares which surround its own blocks and 
those of other corj)orations and the lot in the northeast 
part of the city which encloses its reservoir. These com- 
mons are known as Merrimack, Concord, Tremont, Han- 
over and Park squares, and were given by the Company on 
condition that the city should never build upon them or al- 
low roads through them, should keep them neat, plant trees 
and lay out walks within them. 

Concord square was the first in the city, being laid out in 
1839, before the Company's first land sale. It is bounded 
by Vine, Concord, Pine and Amherst streets, contains four 
and five-eighths acres, and was deeded to the city in 1848, 
It was stipulated in the deed that an iron fence should be 
built around it within three years, but this has not yet 
been done, though a stone edging will surround it in an- 
other year. Near its centre is a small pond sui)j)lied with 
water from the pond on Hanover square. Many of the old 
trees remain upon it and new ones have been planted. 

Merrimack square is the largest of all, containing five 
and seven-eighths acres, and is situated between Elm, Mer- 
rimack, Chestnut and Central streets. It was given to the 
city in 1848 on condition of the construction of an iron 






'; '^ •^) 



'4-^^-y^ 



Cemeteries. 73 

fence about it within five years, and this condition has been 
complied with, though not within the time. There is a 
large pond on its northern side, supplied by a culvert which 
runs into it Irom Hanover square. 

Tremont square is the smallest in the city, containing but 
two acres and a half, and is situated between Pine, Bridge, 
Union and High streets. This was made over to the city 
in 1848 and its old fence was replaced by one of wood. It 
is in a pleasant part of the city, thougii without water of 
any kind, and part of the original forest shades it. 

Hanover square, the gift of the Company in 1852, is 
bounded by Union, Amherst, Beech and Hanover streets, 
and contains four acres. The Mile brook ran through it and 
was dammed up on Union street to make a pond. This 
supplies a number of reservoirs with water for fire purposes, 
besides feeding the ponds on Concord and Merrimack 
squares, and water from an excellent spring on its south 
bank is carried an eighth of a mile in pipes to rise in drink- 
in g-fountains on Elm street. 

Pack square, situated between Chestnut, Park, Pine and 
Cedar streets, contains three acres and a half, is very level, 
without water, and partially shaded. 

CEMETEUIES. 

The city owns two large cemeteries, beautiful now and 
growing in beauty with age. The older of the two, known 
as the " Valley Cemetery," is situated on the southern 
verge of the compact part of the city, and the industry of 
business is encircling it with manufactories, though in 1840, 
when the Amoskeag Company gave it to the city, it was con- 
sidered far out of town. It contains nineteen and seven- 
tenths acres, and is bounded by Auburn, Pine, Valley and 
Willow streets. The conditions of the deed are such that 
the land can be used for no other purpose than for a bury- 

5 



74 Manchester. 

ing-ground and the Company reserved tlie right to flow the 
valley in it through which the Cemetery brook passes. The 
lots are now all taken up, and as early as 1855 the need of 
another resting-place for the dead became so apparent as 
to cause the purchase by the city in that year, from John S. 
Kidder and George M. Flanders, of two adjacent tracts of 
land about two miles and a half south of the city hall, l)e- 
tween the Calef road and tlie River road. These con- 
tained about forty acres and were called the " Pine Grove 
Cemetery." The lack of natural irrigation has been here 
supplied by artificial water-works, and art has added to 
both burial-grounds what nature refused to supply. 

In accordance with the provisions of the deed of the 
Valley a committee was appointed in 1841 to assume its 
charge and has been annually appointed since, the Pine u 
Grove being also placed under its care. The committee 
first elected went to work with a will, and, having obtained 
from the citizens a subsci-iption of two hundred and thirty- 
four dollars, spent it in building a fence, trimming the trees 
and laying out walks. The formal dedication occurred on 
Ehe fifth of July, 1841, when the Sunday schools of the city, 
accompanied by many citizens and escorted by the Stark 
Guards, marched in procession to the spot. An address 
was delivered by the Rev. George W. Gage and the four tliou- 
sand people present joined in religious services. Thereafter 
tlje town appropriated money to be used in its adornment, 
and in 1846 a thorn hedge was planted on two sides and 
twenty-five hundred plants set out. The Pine Grove was let 
for pasturage and remained unimproved till 1858. Each 
cemetery is in care of a superintendent. In 1858 the city 
bought of the Hon. David A. Bunton a lot of land upon the 
Calef road for a cemetery, but it was found unsuitable and 
the Pine Grove was bought. This lot was sold in 1860 to 
James Barrett, who mortgaged it to the city. The mort- 
gage was foreclosed in 1866 and the land sold to William 
M. Rolfe. 



Railways. 75 

There ai'C also the oM burving-.u'rounil at the Centre, 
which was extensively used till 1840 ; one at Gotfe's Falls ; 
one in Anioskeag; one in Piscataqnog; one just upon the 
western limit of the city on the road to Amherst, occupied 
by the Roman Catholics; one near the school house at Har- 
vey's mills, known as the "Merrill cemetery;" one in the 
eastern j)art of the city, formerly known as the " Huse 
yard," and now as " Stowell's ground ;" the " Ray ceme- 
tery" on the River road near Anioskeag Falls; "the Forest 
cemetery " on the old Weston farm in the south-eastern 
part of the city; and a small yard in the north part of the 
city. All of these but the Catholic burial-place are little 
used, and some are private and others are under the control 
_ of the city. 

i 

RAILWAYS. 

The Concord railway was opened to the public from 
Nashua to Manchester on the fourth of July, 1842, and 
from Manchester to Concord ou the first of the following 
September. An additional track, to accommodate its in- 
creasing business, was built in 1846, 1847 and 1848. The 
Manchester & Lawrence railway was opened to Manches- 
ter November 13, 1849. In 1850 a railway was built from 
Portsmouth to Candia, Suncook and Concord, called the 
Portsmouth & Concord railway. It did not pay expenses 
and in 1861 its name was changed to the Concord & Ports- 
mouth, the track between Candia and Suncook was discon- 
tinued, a new track built from Candia to Manchester, and 
the Concord and Lawrence railwaj^s built jointly the piece 
from Hooksett to Suncook. The New Hampshire Central 
railway, now known as the Manchester & North Weare rail- 
way, was built in 1840 and 1850 from Manchester to Hen- 
niker, but the piece between North Weare and Henniker 
was torn up and never I'C-laid. The tearing-up, which 



76 Manchester. 

made a great excitement at the time, was done on Sunday, 
October 31, 1858, by a gang of men who came from Con- 
cord with four locomotives, and the reason for it was that 
it suited the interests of the owners of the railway. The 
Suncook Valley railway was built from Hooksett to Pitts- 
field in 1869. In 1865, in accordance with a resolution of 
the city councils, a survey of a proposed route for the Man- 
chester & Keene railway was made by the Hon. James A. 
Weston, but no farther steps have been taken by Manches- 
ter towards building it. The building now used as a car- 
house by the Concord railway was its first passenger sta- 
tion. It then fronted on Canal street and had a portico 
and pillars upon that side. The railway ran between that 
and the freight station which then occupied the spot where 
the present passenger station stands. The business of \\\m 
corporation had increased so fast by 1853 that it outgrew 
its facilities, and its cars used to obstruct public travel by 
remaining on the track at the crossing of Granite street. 
The city brought a numl)er of suits against it and meet- 
ings of the citizens of Manchester and Bedford were held 
to endorse the action. The corporation finally agreed to 
build the present station, which was completed in 1855, 
and the suits were withdrawn. A new freight station 
was erected south of Granite street. Charters have been 
granted, also, for railways from this city to Claremont and 
to Ashburnham, Mass., and a horse railway has been in- 
corporated, but no attempts have been made to construct 
any of them. 

The Concord railway runs through the western part of 
the city on the left bank of the Merrimack from north to 
south. The North Weare, the Law)'ence, Portsmouth and 
substantially the Suncook Valley railways start from it. 
It is on a direct route to the White Mountain region, 
northern Vermont, New York, Montreal, Ogdensburg and 
the great lakes. Stages leave daily for Candia and Deer- 



Bridges. 77 

field, by connecting with the Portsmouth train at Candia 
station, and for Amherst, Milford and New Ipswicli on 
Tuesdays, Thursdays and Saturdays. The agent of the 
Concord railway at its station in Manchester is Major Jo- 
siah Stevens, who had been master of transportation at 
Concord but was appointed in 1869 to succeed W. Henry 
Hurlbut who was killed by an accident on the North Weare 
railway. The present ticket-seller, Lon Elliott, was ap- 
pointed the same year. The station-agent at Goffe's Falls 
is L. P. Moore and at Amoskeag is Thomas L. Quimby. 
There are in the season of travel seven trains north daily ; 
seven south ; two to North Weare and return ; two to 
Portsmouth and return : three to Lawrence and return ; 
two to Pittsfield and return. It is estimated that two hun- 
j|dred thousand people annually buy tickets at this station. 
Allowing fifty to a car, they would require four thousand 
cars, and these, at sixty feet to a car, would make a line 
over forty-five miles long, or would cover the track from 
liere to Portsmouth. 

BRIDGES. 

The first bridge of any importance within the limits of 
Manchester was built across the Cohas brook on the road 
leading from the Centre to Londonderry in 1738 at private 
expense. The first bridge over the Merrimack was built 
in 1792 at the foot of Bridge street by a corporation and 
was known as McGregor's bridge. This went to ruin about 
1815 and was replaced in 1825 by another. Twelve years 
later it was bought by the Amoskeag Company and the toll 
on foot-passengers abolished. A freshet carried off two 
piers in 1848, but these were replaced and the bridge re- 
mained till 1851, when it was entirely swept away and has 
not been re-built. Granite bridge was built by a company 
at what was known as "Merrill's Falls" on the Merrimack 



78 Manchkster. 

ill 1840. Granite street was hiiilt at the same time. In 
1848 the toll was abolislicd and the bridge became the 
property of Manchester and Bedford. The ice-freshet of 
1851 carried it off, and the present one was bnilt by the 
two towns that year. When Piscataqiiog village was an- 
nexed, the bridge came entirely into the hands of Man- 
chester. A bridge was bnilt in 1842 over the Merrimack 
at Amoskeag Falls by a corporation. It was made a free 
bridge in 1852 and cariied away by a freshet in March of 
the next year. The city of Manchester re-built it in 1854. 
Several bridges over the Piscataquog river were built in 
early days by the town of Bedford, the last one previous to 
the annexation of part of it to Manchester being a wooden 
one which was put up in 1843. This was burned in 18G2 
and an iron one immediately replaced it. This fell in Feb- 
ruary, 1873, under a loaded team, and the present wooden 
one was built to take its place. When the Concord rail- 
way was built in 1842 a single-track bridge was carried 
over the Merrimack at Gofife's Falls. This gave way in 
1869 to a double-track bridge, which was built without the 
detention of a tiain. The bridge over the Merrimack on 
the Manchester and North Weare railway, originally Iniilt 
in 1850, was burned in 1871 and a new one was construct- 
ed that year. Meanwhile the trains ran as far as Piscata- 
quog village, and the passengers were brought over to the 
city proper in carriages. Ferries which had long existed 
at ditferent points u{)on the river were made useless by the 
building of the highway bridges and were discontinued. 

MANUPACTUllES. 

The Amoskeag Falls have a fall of fifty-four feet and ten 
inches ; those at Lowell have one of thirty feet and those 
at Lawrence of twenty-eight. The dam, by which the 
water is turned into the canals, cost sixty thousand dol- 



> 
o 

00 

I n 

lo 



> 

G 



O 

o 
o 







^4 f 



if 






Incidrntals. 71) 

lars. The upper canal is two Imiidrcd feet more than a 
mile loiiy,-, and the h)\vcr is a mile and sixteen hundred and 
twenty ieet iu length. At the northern end of the canals 
are situated sonic of the smaller manufactories of the city 
to which the estal)lishmeut of the large corporations gave 
life, and the place is called Mechanics' Row. Its business 
is gradually forsaking it, di'ifting to the southern portion 
of the town in the vicinity of the railways and using steam 
power. From the Row the large mills extend, with slight 
intervals, to the lower end of the canals. These mills 
make one hundred a7id forty-three miles of cloth a day, set 
in motion nearly three hundred thousand spindles and sev- 
enty-six hundred looms, and have an aggregate monthly 
pay-roll of two hundred and thirty thousand dollars. By 
the census of 1870 the capital invested in the city in man- 
uAictures of all kinds was nearly ten million dollars ; the 
number of men, women and children employed in them, 
nine thousand ; the total yearly pay-roll, three million, six 
hundred and seventy-four thousand dollars ; the value of 
the manufactures, eighteen million dollars. The city makes 
now five million dollars' worth more goods and employs a 
thousand more operatives. 

INCIDENTALS. 

Tliere is one through express in Manchester, north and 
south, started when the Concord railway was built in 1842, 
the late Col. James S. Cheney being its first messenger and 
the first railway expressman in Manchester. There is, be- 
sides, one south to Boston, one to New Boston and Frances- 
town, one to North Weare and Henniker and one to Can- 
dia and Deerfield. There are two telegraph offices, — the 
Franklin and Western Union. There are eight hotels, — 
the Amoskeag Hotel in Amoskeag village, the Merrimack 
House in Piscataquog village, the Massabesic House at 



80 Manchester. 

Massabesic lake, the Island Pond House at Island pond, 
the Manchester House, City Hotel, Haseltine House and 
National Hotel, in the heart of the city. Manchester has 
about forty lawyers, thirty doctors and twenty clergymen. 
It supports two daily newspapers — the " Mirror and Amer- 
ican" and the " Manchester Daily Union " ; three weeklies 
— the " Mirror and Farmer," the " Union Democrat " and 
the " Saturday Night Dispatch " ; one monthly — the " New 
Hampshire Journal of Music." A recent estimate made 
thirty-two secret organizations in the city and allowed them 
seven-eighths of the citizens. The New Hampshire Agri- 
cultural Society and the New Hampsliire Poultry Society 
have their headquarters in this city, where the treasurer of 
both, who is also treasurer of the New England Agricul- 
tural Society, resides. 

THE REFORM SCHOOL. 

In 1855 the state legislature passed an act which author- 
ized the governor and council to appoint a board of three 
commissioners, empowered to buy a tract of land and erect 
buildings thereon, to provide a " house of reformation for 
juvenile and female offenders against the laws." The com- 
missioners, — tlie Hon. Frederick Smyth of Manchester, the 
Hon. Matthew Harvey of Concord and Hosea Eaton of New 
Ipswich — were appointed that year and selected as the site 
for the house proposed the farm which was once the home 
of Gen. John Stark, two miles north of the city hall, on 
the Merrimack river. Concord railway and River road, con- " 
taining about one hundred acres. The price paid was ten 
thousand dollars, and another piece of ten acres was bought 
soon after for a thousand dollars more. The building was 
commenced in the spring of 1856, finished in the autumn 
of 1857 and furnished in the spring of 1858. Its cost was 
thirty-four thousand dollars ; the total cost, therefore, of 



Public Buildings. 81 

building and land, was forty-five thousand dollars. Tlie 
house was dedicated on the twelfth of May, 1858, and oc- 
cupied at that time, when the first superintendent. Brooks 
Shattuck, was appointed. He was succeeded on the twen- 
tieth of April, 186G, by Isaac II. Jones. Upon his departure 
Edward Ingham was elected, the seventeenth of May, 1870. 
The present superintendent, John C. Ray, was appointed on 
the second of July, 1871. The institution is now known 
as the state reform school and is under the management of 
a board of nine trustees, by whom the superintendent is 
chosen, and who are appointed by the governor and council. 
The farm where the school is located is fertile and its cul- 
ture affords employment to the inmates. Upon it are two 
unfailing springs of pure water. The number of inmates 
is about one hundred, all but a few of whom are bojs. Be- 
sides the superintendent, matron, assistants and men in 
charge of the farm, there are teachers employed who give 
daily instruction to the inmates. A fire on the twentieth 
of December, 1865, nearly destroyed the building and the 
children were temporarily kept in the buildings known as 
the " Stark house " and " Gamble house," which had stood 
near by since the early settlement of the town. During 
their residence in it the Stark house was set on fire and 
consumed. As soon as possil)le after the fire, the old 
school building was repaired and the inmates returned to 
it. The institution is in annual receipt of interest from the 
legacies of James McKoen Wilkins of Mancliester and 
Moody Kent of Pembroke, Nvhich amount to six thousand 
and three thousand dollars, respectively. 

PUBLIC BUILDINGS. 

The county jail had been located in Amherst since the 
establishment of the courts, but the railways made Man- 
chester much more accessible and it was decided that its 



Manchester. 
82 



, .„,1 The new one was built by the city 
place sbould ''".^^Bed. 11>^ ^^^^^ ^^ ^,_^ ^^„,y cemetery, 
of Manchester '» 1^'^"' J"'' , ^^, Compa-Y ^nJ containnvg 
„„ a lot bought of ^^l^f'^X,J, squave feet. It .s 
„„e hundred and «'f ^'f ;;';„„,oJ,Uons tor seventy m- 
, brick bnildn,g and 1- ;"';°» .^^ •,,„, ,> Amherst and 
nrates. Gilbert H.Us lud b^e ^.^^ ^ ^^.^^^^^^^^ „^, 

continued in oftice t,ll 1865, w ^^^_^ ^ p,^,.,,. 

appointed,.vi^^o «-"- 'j,*;; , ^,,„,,dy, Daniel F 

'";';.rl;.y ----- -:r!,?,f : aiSt^ct 

a cost of forty ''-"-"th*;- «-'■""='"' "'' ^""'' 

structure situated upon the «"»<" j^;,,, ^ineteeu 

in streets. The lot where > s U . ^^ ^^^^ ^_^^^^^^^^ 

— "^^^''r8y:;n ..amon that no other huihling 
Company '" l**-'\??' ^-^ or county purposes should be 
-ir:,r -TwVtUs^r the ciremt court are held 



placed there 



yearly in Manchester. g,^^^ ;^„a Market 

' The city hall stauds - f ^J';^, of thirty-five thou- 
streets and was budt -'H^^^J^^ ,, ,, ,,« finest buUdmg 
-;te:r-bnti:::n.'^e°^ contemptuously and wrU 
;;: eie to another before many yea..^ ^^^^^ ^^^^^^ 

%„' old town far,„ was ^oj 'J ^ ^„^ „„„ared acres 
for four thousand dollars^ It U ^^^^^ ^,^^ „^,„,„oth 
,„d was situated upon Bi^ge ^^_^^^ ^^ ^^^^^^^ 

road. In 1816 there was -^d^" ^^ \ ,„„ t„e Mammoth 

hundred and tM-tyUve -c- ■ ^-^^^^ '^^^ f^„,,rty the 
road and adjacent to the old fa- n^ ^,,4 ed from 

property of Capt. Ephra^m ^';;Xn<^G. Stark, who 
UUninto the '"^.''^^f '''\,^o^ ,nd dollars. The widow 
,„W it to the c.ty for st. '^ "^;^i,„„,,„d dollars to reUn- 
ot Capt. Stevens* was also paid 



Government. 83 

quish her right of dower. Some of the land has been sold 
and tliere now remains of both farms abont two hundred 
aad twelve acres. The j)oor, who had been kept on the 
Davis farm, were moved in 184(3 to tlie building which is 
now used as a poor-house and house of correction and 
which was a large tavern when the stage-coaches ran daily 
over the Mammoth road. On the old farm is an unused 
pest-house and a pound. A new pest-house was built of 
brick in 1874 upon the old farm near the Mammoth road. 

GOVERNMENT. 

The government of the city is vested in a mayor, seven 
aldermen, one from each ward, and twenty-one members of 
the common council, three from each ward, all elected an- 
nually by the people. The mayor is chairman of the board 
of mayor and aldermen and the city clerk is the clerk of 
the board. The common council chooses a presiding officer 
from its members and appoints a clerk. The salary of the 
mayor is one thousand dollars, and the city clerk, whose 
duties are those of the clerk of any corporation with indef- 
inite and numberless additions, receives the same wages 
with the fees added. The salary of the clerk of the com- 
mon council is one hundred dollars. The aldermen and 
councihnen give their services to the city without pecuniary 
return. Seven assessors, one from each ward, elected annu- 
ally by the people, are paid three dollars a day while at 
work upon the tax-list. One moderator, one ward-clerk and 
three selectmen are elected annually from each ward. The 
moderator is paid three dollars a year and the clerk and 
selectmen five dollars each. One overseer of the poor,with 
a salary of twenty-five dollars, is elected annually by the 
people of each ward. The city councils in convention elect 
tbe city clerk and the city treasm-er, each with a salary of 
a thousand dollars ; the city solicitor who receives one hun- 



84 Manchester. 

di-ed dollars ; the city physician whose salary is fifty dollars; 
the city messenger who is paid six hundred dollars ; the 
superintendent of the poor-farm and keeper ot the house 
of correction, whose wages are five hundred dollars ; the 
superintendents of highways, of whom the superintendent 
in district number two receives three dollars, and the rest 
two dollars, per day of actual service ; and several minor 
officers. The board of mayor and aldermen appoints annu- 
ally a collector of taxes with a salary of one thousand 
dollars, and a city liquor agent with a salary of one hundred 
dollars. Tbe mayor anniially appoints three health officers 
who receive twenty-five dollars each. 

POLICE, 

The police court was established with the city and its 
first justice was the Hon. Samuel D. Bell, who assumed the 
office in October, 1846. Upon his appointment as justice 
of the court of common pleas, he was succeeded in June, 
1848, by the Hon. Chandler E. Potter, who served tillJuly, 
1855, when the Hon. Isaac W. Smith was appointed. Upon 
his retirement in February, 1857, the Hon. Samuel Upton 
succeeded to the office and continued in it till July, 1874, 
wben the present justice, the Hon. Joseph W. Fellows, was 
appointed. The special justices during this time, of whom 
there were two in office at once till the amendment of the 
city charter in June, 1848, reduced the number by one, 
were Isaac Riddle, Joseph Cochran, jr., Warren L. Lane, 
George Bell, Amos B. Shattuck, Elijah M. Topliff, Henry 
E. Burnham and Newton H. Wilson. Judge Potter and 
Judge Smith, in whose time there was little room in the 
city hall to sj)are, held court in the rooms in the rear of 
the second floor of Riddle 'vS building on the corner of Elm 
and Hanover streets. In 1857, during Judge Ujtton's ad- 
ministration, the hall of the city building, which had occu- 



Fire Department. 85 

pied the whole space from the second floor to the roof, was 
divided horizontally by a third floor, and in the space thus 
gained rooms were built to one of which the court was 
removed. 

The officers of the court at present consist of a justice, 
a special justice to officiate in the former's absence, and a 
clerk. The justice is the Hon. Joseph W. Fellows and his 
salary is fifteen hundred dollars. The special justice is 
Newton H. Wilson, who receives two dollars for each day 
of actual service. The clerk is Roland C. Rowell and his 
salary is three hundred dollars. The criminal docket is 
called daily and the civil docket on the first Wednesday of 
each month. The court was made in 1874 a court of rec- 
ord and naturalization. The criminal cases of 1873 were 
nearly fifteen hundred and the amount of fines and costs 
nearly ten thousand dollars,^which is one source of income 
to the city. 

The police force consists of a city marshal, with a salary 
of nine hundred and fifty dollars ; an assistant marshal 
with a salary of seven hundred and seventy-five dollars ; a 
captain of the night watch, who receives two dollars and a 
half a day ; two day policemen and twelve night watchmen 
who receive two dollars and twenty-five cents a day ; six 
constables of whom the marshal and assistant marshal are 
two ; besides a large number of special police officers. 
These are all appointed annually by the board of mayor 
and aldermen. The cost of the depai'tment to the city in 
1873 was about nineteen thousand dollars. 

FIRE DEPARTMENT. 

The fire department consists of a chief engineer and four 
assistant engineers, four engine companies, to consist of 
not over fourteen members, one hose company and one 
hook and ladder company, to consist of not over thirty 



86 Manchester. 

members each. The engineers are annually elected by the 
city councils. The salary of tlie chief is one hundred dol- 
lars, and of the assistants fifty dollars. Tbo members of 
tlie department receive a salary of fifty dollars each, with 
higher wages for certain officers. The list of the compa- 
nies is as follows : Amoskeag Steamer Company Number 
One, fourteen men, George R. Simmons foreman ; Fire 
King Steamer Company Number Two, fourteen men, James 
F. Pherson foreman ; E. W. Harrington Steamer Company 
Number Three, twelve men, John Patterson foreman ; N. 
S. Bean Steamer Company Number Four, fourteen men, W. 
H. Vickery foreman ; Pennacook Hose Company Number 
One, twenty men, Thomas W. Lane foreman ; Excelsior 
Hook and Ladder Company Number One, thirty men, John 
N. Chase foreman. Pennacook is the name of the In- 
dians who dwelt around the falls and Amoskeag the name 
the falls were given by them. Such titles as Fire King and 
Excelsior need no explanation and the other steamer com- 
panies were named in honor of former engineers. 

This is the outgrowth of the vote of the town in 1839 to 
buy a fire engine and necessary apparatus. Others were 
bought as required and those which were owned by the 
manufacturing corporations were added to them, so that 
there were some eight or ten engine and hose companies 
under the city's control when the fiist steam fire engine, 
the first the Amoskeag Company ever made, was bought in 
1859. From that time on, as more steamers were bought 
and the old hand engines discarded, a gradual reduction of 
the members of the fire department brought it to its pres- 
ent [)roportions. 

The four steamers are all of the Amoskeag Company's 
make, two first-class and two second-class, three of which, 
with a hose carriage and hook-and-laiklcr wagon, are lo- 
cated in the brick engine-house on Vine street, while the 
other is situated in Piscataquog village. A hose carriage, 



Ffre Department. 87 

from tlie Company's shop, Ims recently been added, and 
the one which was nsed by the Pennacooks will be put in 
charge of a new company not yet formed. There is, be- 
sides, a hose carriage at Gotfe's Falls and one at Amoskeag, 
There are 'scattered all over the thickly settled part of the 
city two hundred nnd forty-seven hydrants supplied from 
tlie water-works and thirty-seven reservoirs and cisterns 
supplied from brooks and ponds. The dcpaitmcnt uses ten 
thousand feet of hose ; the total value of its engines, car- 
riages, hose, etc., is not far from thirty-two thousand 
dollars ; and its cost in 1873 was nearly fourteen thousand 
dollars. 

A fire alarm telegraph was constructed in 1872 at a cost 
of sixteen thousand dollars. It is a network of seventeen 
miles of wire, traversing the compact part of the city and 
reaching to Amoskeag and Piscataquog villages, Hallsville 
and Bakersville. There are thirty-three alarm boxes,whose 
keys are kept at houses or stores in their immediate vicin- 
ity, and five strikers, situated on the city hall, the Lincoln- 
street and Ash-street school-houses, the engine-house in 
Piscataquog village and a tower at the north end of the city. 
There are three large gongs, one at the Amoskeag machine 
shop and two at the engine-house, and eight small gongs 
upon the houses of the engineers and others. 

Connected with the department is a firemen's relief as- 
sociation, a tax upon whose members is levied for the as- 
sistance of any one of them who is hurt at a fire. It was 
organized on the fourteenth of February, 1873, and has 
about one hundred members. Its president is B. C. Ken- 
dall ; its vice-president, Joel Daniels ; its secretary, J. E. 
Merrill ; its treasurer, Horatio Fradd. 



88 Manchester. 

public library. 

Ill 17U.3 a number of gentlemen of Derryfield and its 
vicinity established themselves as " The Proprietors of the 
Social Library in Derryfield." The association was con- 
tinued till 1838 when it was dissolved and the books di- 
vided among the members. The " Manchester Athencr 
um" was established on the nineteenth of February, 1844. 
Its members formed a library, museum and reading-room. 
In 1846 it received from the Amoskeag Company a gift of 
one thousand dollars, and of five hundred from the Stark 
Mills, and the next year the Manchester Print-VVorks made 
a donation of five hundred dollars. In 1854 the library 
contained nearly three thousand volumes and in that year, 
after an act to authorize the transaction had been passed 
by the legislature, the property of the Atheneum was 
transferred to the city and the library was made free. By 
the conditions of the deed the city must make an annual 
appropriation of a thousand dollars for the purchase of 
books and provide for meeting tlie running expenses. Tlie 
entire managenjent of the library was to be vested in a 
board of nine trustees, of whom the mayor and president 
of the common council for the time being are ex-officio 
members, and the rest are chosen by the trustees and al- 
dermen in convention. When first chosen they were to 
hold their office severally for one, two, three, four, five, 
six and seven years, and as one retired, his place was filled 
by another who was elected for seven years. The library 
prospered finely till 1856, when the fire of the fifth of Feb- 
ruary in Patten's block, where it was situated, nearly an- 
iiihilated it. Its remains were taken to Smyth's block and 
thence to rooms in Merchants' Exchange, but, after the re- 
building of Patten's block, were removed to it in 1857. In 
July, 1871, it was located in a brick building erected for its 
use at a cost of tliirty thousand doUars upon a lot on Frank- 
lin street which was given by the Amoskeag Company. 



c 

w 

r 
>— < 

o 

r 

5 

> 




Public Library. 89 

The first board of trustees elected consisted of Samuel 
D. Bell, Daniel Clark, David Gillis, William P. Newell, 
Ezekiel A. Straw, William C. Clarke, Sauuiel N. Bell. In 
1862 David Gillis was succeeded by Samuel Webber, and 
he in 1865 gave place to Phinehas Adams. Upon the 
death of Samuel D. Bell in July, 1868, Waterman Smith 
was appointed and he iu 1873 was succeeded by Nathan P. 
Hunt. Upon the death of William C. Clarke in April, 
1872, Isaac W. Smith was chosen to fill the vacancy. The 
remaining trustees have been re-elected as often as their 
terms expired. Samuel N. Bell has been the treasurer of 
the board from its formation. William C. Claike was its 
clerk up to the time of his death, the vacancy being filled 
by the election of Isaac W. Smith. Francis B. Eaton was 
the librarian from 1854 till October, 1863, when he re- 
signed and Marshall P. Hall was appointed. He served 
till June, 1865, and was then succeeded by Ben: F. Stan- 
ton. The latter in April, 1866, gave place to Charles H. 
Marshall, the present incumbent. 

There are now in the library about seventeen thousand 
seven hundred volumes, in which are reckoned about nine 
hundred pamphlets and eighteen maps. With it is con- 
nected a reading-room, supplied with sixty periodicals, and 
both are open eight hours, day and evening, six days in the 
week, throughout all but six weeks of the year. The late 
Dr. Oliver Dean, who was so prominent in connection with 
the early manufacturing interests of the city, left the li- 
brary five thousand dollars, whose income must be devoted 
to the purchase of books. h\ 1872 it was given by the late 
Hon. Gardner Brewer of Boston a collection of six hun- 
dred and eighty-three volumes, many of them valuable 
works, and which is known as the " Brewer Donation." 
The salary of the librarian is eight hundred dollars, and 
the annual cost of the library, outside of the necessary 
appropriation of a thousand dollars, is not far from two 

6 



90 Manchester. 

thousand dollars. During the two hundred and forty days 
in which the library was open in 1873 for the delivery of 
books the number drawn was thirty-five thousand one hun- 
dred and eighty, a daily average of one hundred and forty- 
six, and of these only four were missing at the end of the 
year. 

WATER-WORKS. 

It has been mentioned that, startled by the burning of 
the town-house in 1844, the town chose a committee, one 
of whose members, the Hon. E. A. Straw, is the president 
of the present board of water commissioners, to examine 
the sources of water supply for the town. It had been sup- 
posed that the brooks which crossed it would furnish all 
the water that was needed at a moderate cost, but the com- 
mittee, after making the necessary surveys, reported that 
Massabesic pond was the only sufficient source. The cost 
of bringing it thence was an insurmountable obstacle, and 
the citizens contented themselves with small reservoirs. 
But the matter was continually coming up in one way and 
another. Private enterprise attempted what the town 
shrank from doing. In 1845 the Manchester Aqueduct 
Company was chartered by the legislature ; in 1852 the 
Manchester Aqueduct obtained a charter, as did a company 
of the same name in 1857 ; the last organization of the 
kind was in 1865 when the City Aqueduct was incorpo- 
rated. The city was asked to take stock in the latter but 
refused. All three organizations failed of their mission, 
being generally unwilling to undertake a work of so much 
magnitude and whose results were doubtful. In 1860 the 
Hon. James A. Weston, the Hon. Jacob F. James and the 
Rev. William Richardson made a large number of sur- 
veys and reported upon them. Another report was made 
by J. B. Sawyer in 1869. In 1871 the city councils ap- 
pointed a committee to conduct an examination of the 



Water-Works. 91 

sources of water supply to be made by a competent engin- 
eer. The committee selected William J. McAlpine of Pitts- 
field, Mass., for that purpose, and he, after a personal ex- 
amination of the neighborhood, delivered a public lecture 
upon the subject and made a report which was published 
at the time, recommending Massabesic pond as the most 
available source of supply. 

It had at length been discovered that the construction 
and control of water-works would be better conducted by 
the city than by private enterprise, and in 1871 the city 
councils requested of the state legislature authority for the 
undertaking. That authority was granted by the act of the 
thirtieth of June. 1871, and on the first day of August an 
ordinance, in accordance with the act, was passed by the 
city councils. The city was empowered by the legislature 
to construct water-works at a gost of not over six hundred 
thousand dollars to be raised by loan or taxation, and to 
appoint a board of seven commissioners to have them in 
charge, of which the mayor is an ex-officio member. There 
were elected by the mayor and aldermen, in whom the 
choice was vested, the Hon. E. A. Straw, the Hon. E. W. 
Harrington, the Hon. William P. Newell, Aretas Blood, 
Alpheus Gay, A. C. Wallace. The Hon. S. N. Bell was 
chosen their clerk by the board. By the terms of the act 
these were to hold office one, two, three, four, five and six 
years respectively, the length of each commissioner's term 
of office to be determined by lot, and thereafter upon the 
retirement of each member one was to be chosen for the 
term of six years. The retiring members have thus far 
been re-elected. 

The commissioners were directed by the city councils to 
examine carefully different systems of water-works, especi- 
ally the direct-pressure system, so called, and they visited 
for this purpose Ogdensburg, N. Y., Montreal, P. Q., Nor- 
wich, Conn., Worcester, Mass., and other places where 



92 Manchester. 

water-works were in operation. They employed Col. J. T. 
Fanning, who had superintended the construction of water- 
works at Norwich, to make surveys of water-sheds in the 
vicinity, and his report favored the adoption of Massabesic 
lake as a source of supply. Among the different sources 
which had been considered were Merrimack and Piscata- 
quog rivers, Dorr, Chase, Burnham, and Stevens ponds. 
Maple Falls brook and Sawyer pond combined, and Massa- 
besic lake. In April, 1872, a public hearing was given by 
the coiumissioners to all persons interested and then a vote 
was taken to determine what source should be used. The 
result of the ballot was, five in favor of Massabesic lake, 
one in favor of Burnham's pond and one in fnvor of the 
latter as a present source of supply. After the choice had 
thus been made, it was decided to adopt hydraulic power 
as a means for pumping the water, and to locate the pump- 
ing station near the old Haseltine mill-site, the dam across 
Cohas brook near the Clough & Foster saw-mill and the 
distributing reservoir upon the summit of the hill at Man- 
chester Centre near the " old parsonage." After these pre- 
liminaries had been settled and Col. Fanning had Ijeen ap- 
pointed chief engineer of the water-works, the necessary 
plans were drawn and contracts made lor the supply and 
laying of the pipes, the necessary machinery, etc. Land 
which might be flowed by the dam at the lake was acquired 
from the owners. The work was begun in July, 1872, 
and finished, substantially, in the fall of 1874, occupying 
over two years in all, and costing about the amount al- 
lowed by the legislative act, — six hundred thousand dol- 
lars. In Judge Potter's history of Manchester, published 
in 1856, the hope is expressed that the water of Massabesic 
lake may be brought into the city at no distant day. " It 
is estimated," says he, "that by a dam at these falls (the 
present location of the water-works dam) the water of the 
Massabesic can be brought into the city for eighty thousand 



Water-Works. 93 

dollars." Water was pumped from the lake into the city 
on the fourth of July, 1874. 

Massabesic lake, which has thus been irrevocably fixed 
as the source of supply for some time to come, lies easterly 
of the city, has an area of twenty-four hundred acres, a 
water-shed of forty-five square miles and a circumference 
of twenty miles on the shore line. Dr. S. Dana Hayes, 
state assayer of Massachusetts, has made an analysis of 
its water and declares it " remarkably pure, being prefer- 
able to that now supplied to any of the large cities in the 
United States." The amount of its flow is estimated to 
be not less than forty million gallons a day. At its outlet 
by Cohas brook a dam has been built of granite masonry 
and hai'd earth embankments to a height of twenty-four 
feet from the lake's level. The water flows through gate- 
ways from the pent-up brook into a canal of fourteen hun- 
dred feet in length and through a wooden cylinder called a 
"penstock," six hundred feet long, to the wheels which it 
drives and the pumps which it feeds. Thence it is driven 
through the force-main, seven thousand feet long and twenty 
inches in diameter, to the reservoir at Manchester Centre, 
whence it issues to radiate through twenty miles of pipe in 
the city proper, reaching Elm street in a distance of thir- 
teen thousand five hundred feet through twenty-inch pipe 
laid in the highway through Massabesic and Park streets. 
The Amoskeag Company's reservoir was used by the water- 
works after their distribution pipe had been laid, and alter 
the pumping machinery had been set the lake's water was 
pumped into it till the completion of the reservoir at the 
Centre. That has a capacity of sixteen million gallons. It 
is one hundred and fifty-two feet above Elm street at the 
city hall, one hundred and eighty-eight feet above the level 
of Canal street at the Concord railway passenger station, 
and one hundred and thirteen feet in vertical height from 
the pumps which supply it. 



94 Manchester. 

The house which contains the pumping machinery and a 
tenement for the use of the man in charge of it is located 
a short distance from the lake. It is seventy feet long 
and forty-five feet wide and is built of brick with granite 
trimmings. A broad avenue extends from the reservoir to 
the pumping station, ending in a driveway along the pen- 
stock and canal and over the dam. The pumps and wheels 
are worked under a fall of forty-five feet, equal to five hun- 
dred horse-powers, having the capacity to pump and fur- 
nish water for a city of one hundred and twenty-five thou- 
sand inhabitants. There are two turbine wheels of three 
feet diameter each, and two pairs of upright pumps of the 
class known as " bucket and plunger." They are double- 
acting, forcing the water toward the reservoir with both up 
and down strokes. The shafts and gearing are so ar- 
ranged that either turbine can be made to drive either pair 
of pumps at full speed, or either turbine may be made to 
drive both pairs of pumps at a slower speed. The four 
pump cylinders have a diameter of sixteen inches and the 
stroke of the pumps is forty inches. 

The pumps can be run at a maximum speed of thirty 
strokes a minute, and at this speed each pair will deliver 
one thousand nine hundred and eighty gallons of water a 
minute, or two million eight hundred and fifty-one thou- 
sand two hundred gallons in twenty-four hours. This 
would be equal to supplying sixty gallons a day to each of 
forty-seven thousand five hundred ))erson8. Both j)airs of 
pumps will together deliver five million seven hundred and 
two thousand four hundred gallons in twenty-four hours, or 
a supply of sixty gallons a day for upwards of ninety thou- 
sand persons. The distribution pipes are made of wrought 
iron, cement-lined. The force-main and supply-main are 
each twenty inches in diameter, while the other pipes are, 
respectively, fourteen, twelve, ten, eight, six and four inches. 
The pipes and machinery were made and set by contract ; 



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Fires. 95 

the reservoir was built directly by the commissioners. The 
*' aiiiiual income from the works, arising from the fees of 
consumers and the rates paid by the city for hydrants, was 
in 1873 about eighteen thousand dollars or about three per 
cent, of the cost of the works, and at the close of 1874 had 
reached a rate of twenty-five thousand dollars annually. 



FIRES. 



Manchester has had its share of fires, though it has 
never been the victim of one of those conflagrations, so 
common of late years, which consume a city in a night. 
The earliest fire of much consequence was that which. 
May 14, 1840, destroyed the Amoskeag Company's mill 
upon an island in the river at Amoskeag Falls, which was 
built for a machine-shop, and used subsequently for the 
manufacture of tickings and was known as the " Island 
mill. " 

In 1844, on the twelfth of August, occurred the fire 
which consumed tlie town house, to which reference has 
already been made. Tbe attic was then occupied as an 
armory by the " Stark Guards " and the " Granite Fusil- 
eers." There the fire was started by a lighted paper care- 
lessly thrown upon the floor, and there it burned unnoticed 
till it gathered such headway as to be beyond control. The 
post-office was then kept in the building, and its contents, 
together with those of the stores which occupied the lower 
story, were saved. J. C. Emerson, who had been the pub- 
lisher of several newspapers, had a printing-office in the 
third story, and that, with the effects of the military com- 
panies, was destroyed. The loss to the town and individ- 
uals was about thirty thousand dollars. 

There were still left at Amoskeag Falls in what was then 
Goffstown two wooden mills built by the Amoskeag Com- 
pany or its predecessors in the early days, which occupied 



96 Manchester. 

the spot where the paper-mill of P. C. Cheney & Co. now 
stands and which were known as the " old mill " and the 
" bell mill." They were heated by twenty-eight old-fash- 
ioned box-stoves for burning wood, and one man built the 
fires in each of them every day. Early in the morning of 
March 28, 1848, sparks flew from a fire already kindled, 
while the man was starting others, and set fire to the wood 
woi-k. The mills were but fourteen feet apart, saturated 
with oil, and were consumed at once. The loss was esti- 
mated at seventy thousand dollars. Till then the famous 
" A. C. A." tickings had been made there. 

March 16, 1850, a fire broke out in the north end of 
what was then called number two mill, belonging to the 
Stark corporation, and burned the roof and upper story, 
causing a loss of thirty thousand dollars. Wooden pulleys 
were then used for the belting to run over, as it went up 
through the floors, and the heat generated by the friction 
was intense. As long as the machinery was in motion, the 
current of air it excited kept the lint from contact with the 
hot wheels, but when that ceased and the pulleys happened 
to be over-heated, the blaze was quickly spread. At that 
time the operatives came into the mill at five o'clock and 
worked two hours before going out to breakfast. They left 
at once when the machinery stopped and were out of the 
building when the fire was discovered. 

July 5, 1802, Baldwin & Co.'s steam-mill on Manchester 
street, which stood where D. B. Varney's brass-foundry 
now is, was burned, together with several buildings adja- 
cent and across the street. It was feared at one time that 
the fire would reach to Hanover street. The wind was 
high and shingles heated to live coals were blown as far as 
the old high-school house on Lowell street. The house on 
the '' Harris estate," on the corner of Hanover and Pine 
streets, occupied by Col. Phinehas Adams, the agent of the 
Stark Mills, was set on fire by sparks. 



Fires. 97 

About five o'clock in the morning of September 22, 1853, 
a fire broke out in the drying-room of the printing depart- 
ment of the Manchester Print-Works, where then the cloths 
were hung in great quantities on frames to dry. The facil- 
ities for putting out fires were then of small account and 
the main building of the printery was consumed, other 
buildings being saved only by the greatest exertions. The 
loss was about two hundred and sixty-five thousand dollars. 

In the night of the fifteenth of July, 1855, occurred the 
fire which destroyed the south half of number one mill 
owned by the Manchester Print-Works. The lamp in a 
watchman's lantern fell, as he was passing through the 
carding-room in the lower story, into a pile of yarn. The 
first application of water checked the flames, and, the fire 
being considered extinguislied, the people who had gath- 
ered set out to return home, when the breaking out of the 
fire anew called them back. The blaze mounted directly 
to the attic and it was impossible to quench it. Tiie mill, 
up to the brick wall which divided it midway, was de- 
stroyed, causing a loss of about two hundred and seventy 
thousand dollars. One unfortunate cii'cumstance helped 
the flames. The water from the Amoskeag Company's 
reservoir on Harrison street, especially provided for use in 
case of fire, strangely failed in a little while and the cause 
was not discovered till some time after the fire. The water 
was brought through the mill-yards by a pipe of eight 
inches in diameter wiiich was laid just in front of the 
buildings. Eleven years liefore a gate had been put in the 
pipe, where it ran through the yard of the Stark Mills, to 
stop the water temporarily. The lod which moved it up 
and down was fastened to it by a nut and screw. Wlien 
the need for stopping the water had ceased, the gate was 
lifted up, fastened and left. In process of time the iron 
rusted, the nut came ofT and the gate fell, with no one's 
knowledge, shutting off all the water but a little which 



98 Manchester. 

flowed underneath the gate where a chance stick kept it 
from entirely closing. The pipe, of course, was full all the 
way, and, when this fire broke out, there was an apparent 
plenty of water, but the supply was soon exhausted and 
the mill was burned. There is now a pipe of fourteen 
inches in diameter which was laid beneath the track of the 
Concord railway and has no gate in it but at the reservoir. 

While this was still raging, an alarm was sounded from 
the main street, a fire having broken out between Manches- 
ter and Hanover streets, just back of Elm, which threat- 
ened to sweep the whole square. After this had been 
burning an hour, the Hon. T. T. Abbot, then mayor of 
the city, came to the mills to implore help, fearing that the 
fire would cross flanover street and go northward. At 
that time there were seven hand-engines in the city, of 
which the city owned four and the corporations the rest. 
The latter, however, were at the city's service except when 
needed at the mills. Waterman Smith was then agent of 
the Manchester Mills, Charles H. Dalton of the Print- 
Works, David Gillis of the Amoskeag New Mills and Phin- 
ehas Adams of the Stark Mills. The first three remained 
to look after the fire in the mill, while Mr. Adams took one 
engine to help the city. He ransacked the Stark Mills for 
hose and stretched a line of it from a hydrant in the mill- 
yard up to Hanover street, where it did good service. This 
later fire was started in a paint-shop on the back street be- 
tween Manchester and Hanover streets and a little east of 
Elm street. It consumed a good deal of property in the 
heart of the square, burned all the wooden buildings on 
Elm street which then occupied the spot where Merchants' 
Exchange now stands, but did not cross Hanover, Man- 
chester or Chestnut streets, though the First Congrega- 
tional church and otiicr buildings on the north side of 
Hanover street were scorched. 

About five o'clock in the morning of February 5, 1856, 



Fires. 99 

fire was discovered in the building known as " Patten's 
block," which stood on Ehii street, just north of the city 
hall, taking up the rest of that square. It was occupied in 
part by stores, in part by the public library and lawyers' 
offices, and in part by the three establishments of the 
*' Daily Mirror," "Daily American " and "Weekly Union." 
Nothing could check the flames and the building was con- 
sumed, nearly all the volumes in the library being burned. 
The loss was estimated at seventy-five thousand dollars. 

In the afternoon of September 3, 1856, a fire broke out 
near Elm street between Concord and Lowell streets. It 
burned a house belonging to William Patten (the owner of 
Patten's block), stores and stables, and injured a house 
owned by E. P. Offutt where the flames were stayed. A 
line of hose was stretched from the yard of the Stark Mills 
up Spring street to the fire, and this was kept in use all 
night long, a channel being dug to lay it in beneath the 
railway track, so that the cars would not cut it. The loss 
at this fire was about ten thousand dollars. 

A fire at Janesville, June 3, 1857, which destroyed Bald- 
win & Co.'s steam-mill, there being no water to extinguish 
it, was remarkable for the death of Charles Horr, who was 
killed by the falling of a brick wall expanded by the heat, 
upon the building he was in, crushing it to the ground and 
burying him beneath it. 

May 19, 1862, a fire broke out on Manchester street, 
about halfway between Chestnut and Elm, which burned 
across to Hanover street, destroying a number of tenement- 
houses, causing a loss of fifteen thousand dollars. 

On the fifth of the next June a fire burned the brewery 
and steam-mill belonging to Joseph A. Haines and A. C. 
Wallace, situated in Piscataquog village on the south bank 
of the Piscataquog river. The sparks set fire to the wood- 
en bridge which crossed the river there, aud it was con- 
sumed. The loss was about twelve thousand dollars. 



100 Manchester. 

December 20, 1865, a fire broke out in the state reform 
scliool on the river road about two miles from the city hall. 
One steam fire engine reached there after some delay and, 
when it was found that another was needed, the one in 
Piscataquog village was sent for, it not being- thought ad- 
visable to take from the city proper the two engines which 
were there. The greater part of the building was burned 
to the ground. 

On the first of March, 1867, at three o'clock in the 
morning, fire destroyed an old frame building at Amoskeag 
village, belonging to the Amoskeag Company and occupied 
by D. K. White for a grocery store and by Grain, Leland & 
Moody for the manufacture of shoes. A building which 
stood near by was partly burned. The loss amounted to 
twenty-five thousand dollars, much stock and machinery 
being ruined. 

August 29, 1869, a fire, wliicli started in the carding-room 
of the stocking-mill occupied by John Brugger in Mechan- 
ics' Row, burned fifteen thousand dollars' worth of stock 
and machinery. 

A little before three o'clock on the morning of July 8, 
1870, broke out the largest fire which ever occurred in the 
city outside of the mills. It is supposed to have caught 
from a steam-boiler in premises occupied by 8. C. Merrill 
on Manchester street near Elm. Thence it spread with 
great rapidity and could not be checked till it had burned 
over nearly the whole territory bounded by Hanover and 
Chestnut streets, Manchester south back street and Elm 
east back street. The water which came from Hanover 
square pond failed at a critical moment, and it was feared at 
times that the Manchester House would l)c burned and that 
the flames would go east of Chestnut and north of Hanover 
streets. The First Congregational church again suffered, 
its surface being scorched and the old trees which stood in 
front of it being ruined. There was then no fire alarm tel- 



Fires. 101 

egraph, and it was a long time before the engine in Piscata- 
quog village could be obtained ; there were no water-works 
and the supply of water was wholly inadequate. The en- 
gines of the Manchester Print- Works and the Amoskeag 
Company rendered valuable aid in subduing the flames. 
Among the buildings burned were the First Baptist church 
on the corner of Manchester and Chestnut streets, the Ma- 
sonic Temple, a hotel, printing-offices, stores, shops and 
tenement-houses. The loss was set at two hundred thou- 
sand dollars. The wind blew a gale that night, and large 
sparks flew as far as Col. Franklin Tenney's residence at 
the corner of Elm and Myrtle streets. The fire at one 
time threatened to burn the whole city and there was talk 
of blowing up buildings to arrest its progress. 

In the afternoon of June 6, 1871, the bridge over the 
Merrimack river belonging to the Manchester & North 
Weare railway was destroyed by a fire which is supposed 
to have caught from sparks from a locomotive engine. It 
burned very quickly and in a few minutes fell into the river. 



102 Manchester. 

MARSHALS AND ASSISTANT MARSHALS. 

FROM 1846 TO THE PRESENT TIME. 



1846. 
Marshal— George T. Clark. 
Assistant Marshals | James Waufcr'''' 

1847. 

Marshal — Daniel L. Stevens. 
Assistant Marshal— Joseph M. Kowell. 

1848. 

Marshal — Eohert Means. 

Assistant Marshal — Henry G. Lowell. 

1849. 

Marshal — Robert Means. 

Assistant Marshal — Henry G. Lowell. 

1850. 

Marshal — Joseph M. Rowell. 

Assistant Marshal — George P. Prescott. 

1851. 

Marshal — Daniel L. Stevens. 
Assistant Marshal — Henry G. Lowell. 

1852. 

Marshal — Daniel L. Stevens. 
Assistant Marshal — William H. Hill. 

1853. 

Marshal— William H. Hill. 
Assistant Marshal— Isaac Tompkins. 

1854. 

Marshal—William H. Hill. 
Assistant Marshal — Henry Clough. 



Marshals. 103 

1855. 

Marshal — Samuel Hall. 

Assistant Marshal— Albert P. Colby, 

1856. 

Marshal — Henry G. Lowell. 
Assistant Marshal— Isaac W. Farmer. 

1857. 

Marshal — Henry G. Lowell. 
Assistant Marshal— I. W. Farmer. 

1858. 

Marshal — Henry G. Lowell. 

Assistant Marshal— William B. Patten. 

1859. 

Marshal— I. W. Farmer, 

Assistant Marshal— William B. Patten. 

1860. 

Marshal — John L. Kelly. 
Assistant Marshal — Justin Spear. 

1861. 

Marshal— William B, Patten, 

Assistant Marshal— Benjamin C. Haynes. 

1862. 

Marshal— William B. Patten. 

Assistant Marshal— Benjamin C. Haynes. 

1863. 

Marshal — John S. Yeaton. 

Assistant Marshal— Daniel K. Prescott. 

1864. 

Marshal— John S. Yeaton. Died April 27, 1864. 

Henry Clough, vice Yeaton. 
Assistant Marshal— Daniel K. Prescott, continued in 
office from 1863. 
Daniel W. Fling, elected April 27, 1864. 



104 Manchester. 



1865. 

Marshal — Benjamin C. Haynes. 
Assistant Marslial— Daniel R. Prescolt. 

186(3. 

Marshal — Henry Clough . 

Assistant Marshal — Daniel R. Prescott. 

1867. 

Marshal — William B. Patten. 
Assistant Marshal — Eben Carr. 

1868. 

Marshal — William B. Patten. 
Assistant Marshal — Eben Carr. 

1869. 

Marshal — William B. Patten. 
Assistant Marshal — Eben Carr. 

1870. 

Marshal — William B. Patten. 
Assistant Marshal — Eben Carr. 

1871. 

Marshal — William B. Patten. 
Assistant Marshal — John D. Howard. 

1872. 

Marshal — William B. Patten. 
Assistant Marshal — John D. Howard. 

1873.. 

Marshal — Gilman H. Kimliall. 
Assistant Marshal — Daniel R. Prescott. 

1874. 

Marshal — Darwin A. Simons. 
Assistant Marshal — Danicil R. Prescott. 

1875. 

Marshal — Darwin A. Simons. 
Assistant Marshal— Daniel R. Prescott. 



Engineers. 105 

ENGINEERS OF THE FIRE DEPARTMENT, 

FROM 1846 TO THE PRESENT TIME. 



1846. 

Chief Engineer — William C. Clarke. 

Assistant Engineers — William Shepherd, Jonathan T. P. Hunt, 
Waller French, Ezekiel A. Straw, John P. Adriance, Henry G. 
Lovfell. 

1847. 

Chief Engineer — William C. Clarke. 

Assistant Engineers — Ezekiel A. Straw, Henry G. Lowell, Jon- 
athan T. P. Hunt, John P. Adriance, Joseph Mitchell, William P. 
Newell. 

1848. 

Chief Engineer — William C. Clarke. 

Assistant Engineers — John P. Adriance, Jonathan T. P. Hunt, 
Ezekiel A. Straw, Frederick A. Hussey, Caleb Duxbury, George 
W. Tilden. 

1849. 

Chief Engineer — Isaac C. Flanders. 

Assistant Engineers — Cyrus Baldwin, Frederick Smyth, Samuel 
W. Parsons, John Twombly, Charles A. Luce, Samuel P. Greeley. 

1850. 

Chief Engineer — Warren L. Lane. 

Assistant Engineers — Jacob F. James, Samuel W. Parsons, 
Frederick Sm3'tli, Charles A. Luce, Daniel L. Stevens, Cyrus 
Baldwin. 

1851. 

Chief Engineer — Jacob F. James,* Daniel Clark .f 
Assistant Engineers — Samuel W. Parsons,* Charles A. Luce, 
Harry Leeds. James A. Stearns, Frederick Smyth, Cyrus Bald- 
win,* Ezekiel A. Straw,! Samuel H. Ayer,t David Gillis,t Alonzo 
Smith. t 

1852. 

Chief Engineer — Daniel Clark. 

Assistant Engineers — James A. Stearns, Alonzo Smith, Harry 
Leeds, Jonatlian T. P. Hunt, John H. Maynard, Phinehas Adams, 
Caleb Duxbury. 

*Resigaeil February 4, 1852. t Appointed February 4, 1852. 

7 



106 Manchester. 

1853. 

Chief Engineer — John H. Maynard. 

Assistant Engineers — Charles H. Brown, John B. Clarke, James 
A. Stearns, Caleh Duxbury, Harry Leeds, William B. Webster, 
John Q. A. Sargent, Eeuben D. Mooers, John L. Kelly. 

1854. 

Chief Engineer — John H. Maynard. 

Assistant Engineers — Caleb Duxbury, AVilliam B, Webster, 
John Q, A. Sargent, Charles H. Brown, Jolni L. Kelly, John B. 
Clarke, Reuben D, Mooers, Harry Leeds, Andrew C. Wallace. 

1855. 

Chief Engineer — Jacob F. James. 

Assistant Engineers — Alden W. Sanborn, Charles H. Brown, 
Francis H. Lyford, Peter S. Brown, Nathaniel Baker, 2d, Charles 
Buntou, George W. Eiddle, Ephraim T. Corey, Henry T. Mowatt, 
Alpheus Gay, jr. 

1856. 

Chief Engineer — John H. Maynard. 

Assistant Engineers — Charles H. Brown, John L. Kelly, John 
Q. A. Sargent, Harry Leeds, Reuben D. Mooers, Caleb Duxbury, 
Orison Hardy, Edward W. Harrington, Phinehas Adams. 

1857. 

Chief Engineer — Peter S. Brown, 

Assistant Engineers — Phinehas Adams, Charles H. Brown, John 
L. Kelly, Israel Dow, Orison Hardy, Eben French, Samuel W. 
Parsons, Jonathan T. P. Hunt, Alfred G. Fairbanks, Alpheus 
Gay, jr. 

1858. 

Chief Engineer — Peter S. Brown. 

Assistant Engineers — John L. Kelly, Charles H. Brown, Al- 
pheus Gay, jr., Edward W. Harrington, Phinehas Adams, Sidney 
Smith, Samuel G. Langley, Eben French. 

1859. 

Chief Engineer — Jonathan T. P. Hunt. 

Assistant Engineers — Phinehas Adams, John Moulton, Samuel 
W. Parsons, John L. Kelly, Benjamin F. Martin, Samuel G. Lang- 
ley, Eben French, William T. Evans, Albe C. Heath, Daniel W. 
Fling. 

1860. 

Chief Engineer — Jonathan T. P. Hunt. 

Assistant Engineers — Daniel AV. Fling, Alpheus Branch, Israel 
Dow, John C. Young, Charles II. G. Foss, Albe C. Heath, Brown 
S. Flanders. 



Engineers. 107 

1861. 

Chief Ens^'mcer— Albe C. Heath. 

Assistant Enyineers — Daniel W. Fling, Israel Dow, Charles H. 
G. Foss, Brown S. Flanders, Andrew J, Butter-field, John C. 
Young. 

1862. 

Chief Engineer— Daniel W. Fling. 

Assistant Engineers— Charles II. G. Foss, Israel Dow, Edward 
W. Harrington, iSJehemiah S. Bean. 

1863. 

Chief Engineer — Daniel W. Fling. 

Assistant Engineers — Charles H. G. Foss, Israel Dow, Albe C. 
Heath, Xehemiah S. Bean. 

1864. 

Chief Engineer— Albe C. Heath. 

Assistant Engineers — Ezra Huntington, Israel Dow, Moses O. 
Pearson, Daniel W. Fling. Nehemiah S. Bean, Freeman Higgins. 

1865. 

Chief Engineer — ^ehemiah S. Bean. 

Assistant Engineers — Daniel W. Fling, Israel Dow, Charles H. G. 
Foss, Freeman Higgins, Benjamin C. Kendall, Ezra Huntington. 

1866. 

Chief Engineer — Nehemiah S. Bean. 

Assistant Engineers — Daniel W. Fling, Israel Dow, Freeman 
Higgins, Ezra Huntington, Benjamin C. Kendall. 

1867. 

Chief Engineer — Israel Dow. 

Assistant Engineers — Edwin P. Richardson, Elijah Chandler, 
Benjamin C. Kendall, Gilman H. Kimball. 

1868. 

Chief Engineer— Israel Dow. 

Assistant Engineers — Benjamin C. Kendall, Edwin P. Richard- 
son, Elijah Chandler, Wilberforce Ireland. 

1869. 

Chief Engineer — Edwin P. Richardson. 

Assistant Engineers — Benjamin C. Kendall, Wilberforce Ire- 
land, Andrew C. Wallace, Elijah Cliandler, George Holbrook. 



108 Manchester. 

1870. 

Chief Engineer — Edwin P. Eicliardson. 

Assistant Engineers — Benjamin C. Kendall, Wilberforce Ire- 
land, Andrew C. Wallace, Elijah Chandler. 

18T1. 

Chief Engineer — Benjamin C. Kendall. 

Assistant Engineers — Wilberforce Ireland, Andrew C. Wallace, 
Elijah Chandler, William T. Evans. 

1872. 

Chief Engineer — Benjamin C. Kendall. 

Assistant Engineers — Wilberforce Ireland, Andrew C. Wallace, 
Albion H. Lowell, William T. Evans. 

1873. 

Chief Engineer — Benjamin C. Kendall. 

Assistant Engineers — Wilberforce Ireland, Andrew C. Wallace, 
Albion H. Lowell, Ereeman Higgins. 

1874. 

Chief Engineer — Benjamin C. Kendall. 

Assistant Engineers — Wilberforce Ireland, Andrew C. Wallace, 
Albion H. Lowell, Freeman Higgins. 

1875. 

Chief Engineer — Albion H. Lowell. 

Assistant Engineers — Freeman Higgins, Wilberforce Ireland, 
Andrew C. Wallace, Benjamin C. Kendall. 



SCHOOLS. 




'oPULAR education met with little favor in Derry- 
field's early days. Though voluntary subscriptions 
for school purposes had kept its children from grow- 
ing up in total ignorance, it was not till 1781, when the 
town voted to hire a school-master for nine months of the 
next year, that a successful attempt was made to furnish 
the town with a public school. There were at that time no 
school-houses and the selectmen designated private dwell- 
ings in different parts of the town where school should be 
kept. In 1783 the selectmen, by making four divisions of 
the town for school purposes, originated the school-dis- 
trict system which continued eighty-five years. Subsequent 
changes made the number of districts three in 1798; five 
in 1808; seven in 1818; and later eight. But in 1840 the 
town was divided anew into nine, increased to eleven by 
the annexation of parts of Bedford and Goffstown in 1853, 
which remained very much the same till their abolishment 
in 1868, when the city assumed control of the schools as a 
whole. The first teacher whose name has been preserved 
was Jonathan Rand. 

All but five of the present scliool buildings were built 
under the district system. District number two included 
the compact part of the city and the rest are indifferently 
designated now by their old numbers or by some circum- 
stance of situation. In the suburban districts the houses 
liave been built since 1840, and many of them have since 
been exchanged for less anticpic structures. In the com- 



110 Manchester. 

pact part of the city the earliest houses were small, Avooden, 
one-story structures, built thus in accordance with the ad- 
vice of the late Chief-Justice Bell, that, as the city grew, 
permanent structures sliould take their place at the centres 
of population and they be removed to less thickly settled 
localities to await another change. 

The dates of erection and the estimated value of the 
school-houses now standing, follow : The old high-school 
house, on the corner of Lowell and Chestnut streets, was 
built in 1841 and is valued at $(3,500 : the unused wooden 
house on the corner of Bridge and Union streets, in 1847, 
and is worth $500 ; the house on Park street near Elm, in 
1847, and is worth $8,000 ; the wooden house at Webster's 
Mills, not far from that time, and is valued at $600 ; the 
house on Spring street near Elm, in 1848, and is worth 
$14,000 ; the house on the corner of Manchester and 
Chestnut streets, in 1853, and is worth $8,000 ; the Wil- 
son-hill house was built of wood in 1855, valued at $3,300; 
in 1856 were built the house on the corner of Merrimack 
and Union streets, valued at $j 5,000, the house on Centre 
street in Piscataquog and the south house in tiie same vil- 
lage, both of wood, valued at $5,000 and $2,800 respect- 
ively ; the house on the corner of Franklin and Pleasant 
streets in 1857, worth $18,000 ; the house on Blodget 
street in 1859, valued at $3,000 ; in 1860, or about that 
time, were built the wooden house near Massabcsic pond, 
worth $1,400, the wooden house near Mosquito pond, worth 
$1,000, and the house at Amoskeag village, worih $3,700 ; 
the wooden house at Bakei'sville, in 1863, worth $3,500 ; 
the house near Harvey's mills, in 1865, worth $"2,500 ; the 
wooden house at Hallsville, in 1866, worth $3,500 ; the 
present high-school house, on the corner of Lowell and 
Beech streets, in 1867, valued at $45,000 ; in 1870 were 
built the house on Main street in Piscataquog village, 
worth $12,000, and the house at Gotfe's Falls, worth $3,- 



Schools. Ill 

600 ; in 1871 were built the house in the Stark district, 
worth $8,000, and the house on the corner of Lincoln and 
Merrimack streets, valued at $50,000 ; the last house built 
was in 1874, on the corner of Ash and Bridge streets, and 
is valued at $60,000. The last two are called as fine 
buildings as any in the state. Where no material has been 
specified, it is to be understood that brick was used. The 
total value of school property is $279,675. 

The '• old Falls school-house," which once stood on the 
"old Falls road" near the residence of the Hon. David 
Cross, was set on fire in August, 1859, and the Blodget- 
street house was at once built. When Amoskeag village 
was made a part of Manchester in 1853, the old wooden 
school-house, which now stands on the west side of the 
river on the road to Piscataquog, was annexed with it and 
was used for school purposes till 1860. when the brick house 
was built farther north. It then went into the hands of the 
Amoskeag Company, having since been used as a sciiool- 
house, with their permission, from 1868 till 1873. W^hen 
Piscataquog village was annexed, Bedford bequeathed with 
it to Manchester several old buildings which have given 
place to the present ones. A wooden school-house was 
built in 1842 on Amherst street near Janesville and moved 
in 1850 to the corner of Lowell and Jane streets. In 1871 
it was taken to Spruce street to be used as a ward-room in 
ward six, and school has since been kept in it at times. 
Two wooden houses were built on Bridge street, a little 
west of Elm, in 1842 and 1843, respectively, and moved in 
1845 to the lot on Spring street where a grammar-school 
house was subsequently built In a year they were taken 
to the lot on the corner of Merrimack and Franklin streets 
where tiie court-house now stands, and moved thence in 1849 
to the lot on the corner of Concord and Beech streets upon 
which the Unitarian church has since been built. They 
were subsequently sold to be made into dwellings, and were 



112 Manchester. 

moved, one to Maple street between Concord and Lowell 
and the other to that neighborhood. A lot on the corner 
of Union and Concord streets, where the residence of John 
B. Varick now stands, had been bought on which to build 
a high-school house, but the dwellers in that neighborhood 
were opposed to it and the lot was sold four years after- 
ward. A wooden house on the corner of Merrimack and 
Union streets gave way to a new building in 185(j, being 
moved to Laurel street and made into a dwelling-house. A 
wooden house was built on the corner of Manchester and 
Chestnut streets in 1842, which gave place in 1853 to the 
present building and was moved to the lot on the corner of 
Pleasant and Franklin streets and subsequently disposed of. 
The Amoskeag Company has either given or sold at half- 
price the land used for school purposes in the compact part 
of the city. 

In 1853 an act was passed by the state legislature to al- 
low the city to consolidate the school-districts into one and 
to appoint a superintendent of schools, but other measures 
were incorporated in the bill, and when it was submitted to 
the people, as provided, it was rejected by them. Two 
years later, however, the boards of mayor and aldermen 
and of school committee were required by legislative enact- 
ment to appoint a superintendent of public instruction, but 
it was not till 1868 that the complete control of the schools 
was vested in the city as a unit, by act of the legislature, 
the measure not being submitted to the people. By the or- 
iginal charter the school committee were to be elected an- 
nually, one from each ward, but by the act of 1874 the 
school board is constituted of two from each ward to serve 
two years when the plan has been started, eight of whom 
siiall be elected annually. By the act of 1870 the mayor 
of the city and the president of the common council were 
made ex-officiis members of the board. 

The old high-school building, on the corner (3f Lowell 



Schools. 113 

and Chestnut streets, was erected in 1841, at a cost of 
three thousand dollars, for a district school-house Ijy dis- 
trict number two. The first master of the school was Da- 
vid P. Perkins, who was given a salary of two hundred and 
sixty-seven dollars. Mr. Perkins was succeeded in 1843 by 
Joseph H. Wood, and he in 1844 by John G. Siierburne. 
The next year John W. Ray was elected master at a salary 
of five hundred dollars, which was increased by three hun- 
dred in 1848, and a high school was established. In 1849 
Mr. Ray was succeeded by Amos Hadley, whose salary, at 
first six hundred dollars, was made eight hundred in 1853. 
Two years later John P. Newell became the principal, and 
he was followed in 1853 by Jonathan Tenney, who was 
given a salary of a thousand dollars the next year. Upon 
Mr. Tenney's resignation in 1854, Samuel Upton, who was 
then an assistant teacher, was promoted to the mastership, 
continuing in office one term. He was unwilling to remain 
longer in that position and Mr. Newell returned in 1855 to 
receive a salary of eleven hundred dollars. He taught till 
1862, when he was succeeded by William W. Colburn at a 
salary of nine hundred dollars which was gradually in- 
creased to two thousand. He resigned in 1874 and was 
succeeded by Albert W. Bachelor at a salary of two thou- 
sand dollars. The district voted in 1850 to build a new 
high-school house at a cost of ten thousand dollars, but 
subsequently reconsidered its action, and it was not till 
seventeen years later that the plan was carried out. The 
school has grown rapidly within a few years and numbei-s 
over two hundred pupils. In its classical department sev- 
eral boys are annually prepared for admission to college. 

The South grammar school was originally kept in a chajjcl 
on Concord street which had been used by the Episcojial so- 
ciety, from which it was moved in 1847 to the brick build- 
ing on Park street which had been built for its use. A. M. 
Caverly was elected its principal in 1845 and taught till 



114 Manchester. 

the spring of 1853, wlien Joseph E. Bennett was placed in 
temporary charge, being succeeded that year by William 
A. Webster who taught till the spring of 1861. Mean- 
while, in 1857, the school had been transferred to its pres- 
ent location on the corner of Franklin and Pleasant streets. 
Josiah G. Dearborn became its master in 1861 and taught 
till 1866 when he was succeeded by Isaac L. Heath. Upon 
Mr. Heath's resignation in 1872, the present master, Dan- 
iel A. Clifford, was appointed. 

The North grammar school was begun in 1848 in the 
brick building on Spring street, its first master being Mo- 
ses T. Brown who taught till 1853, when Joseph E. Ben- 
nett had charge of it a few weeks till the appointment of 
William H. Ward. The latter was succeeded in 1857 by 
Henry C. Bullard who taught till the spring of 1865, when 
C. M. Barrows took charge. He resigned in December of 
that year and Francis W. Parker was appointed. He 
taught till the fall of 1868, being then succeeded by Jacob 
Eastman who taught till February, 1869. The term was 
finished by Elbridge D. Hadlcy, and that spring John S. 
Hayes was appointed, who taught two terms. In December, 
1861), William E. Buck was elected master, who remained 
in charge till his removal, in September, 1874, together 
with part of the school, to the one in the northeast part of 
the city, known as the Ash-street grammar school, leaving 
the North grammar without a male teacher and with but a 
partial grammar grade. 

The East grammar school \Yas begun in 1867 in the new 
high-school house with two divisions gathered from the 
North and South grammar schools. The Wilson-hill 
school was then composed in part of scholars of a gram- 
mar grade. In the fall of 1868 another division was added 
to the East grammar and in the spring of 1869 it was 
moved to the old high-school building, where a first divis- 
ion was added and its first master, Lewis H. Dutton, ap- 



Schools. 115 

pointed. He was succeeded in 1870 by Benjamin F. Dame, 
who was transferred with it to its present location on the 
corner of Lincoln and Merrimack streets. He resigned 
January 1, 1875, and was succeeded by Sylvester Brown. 

The Park-street grammar school was organized as a pub- 
lic school in the spring of 1863. The building in which it 
was kept had been occupied by the South grammar school 
till 1857. From that time till 1861 it was unused. In the 
latter year the Roman Catholics obtained its use from dis- 
trict number two, and established in it a grammar school. 
Two years later the school was adopted by the city, with 
Thomas Corcoran as its master, and remained a public 
school till December, 1869, when it was discontinued. The 
Catholics still have the use of the building rent free. 

With Piscataquog village in 1853 was annexed its pres- 
ent grammar school, which was taught by men in winter 
and women in summer till the spring of 1858, when James 
W. Locke became its master and continued in office two 
terms. He was followed in December by Joseph E. Ben- 
nett w4io taught one term. In the spring of 1859 Francis 
W. Parker taught one term, and in the fall Joseph G. Edg- 
erly took charge of the school. He was succeeded in the 
spring of 1862 by Miss Marcia V. McQueston wlio taught 
one year. Her place was supplied by Miss Philinda P. 
Parker in the sjjring of 1863, who taught till tlie summer 
of 1867. Charles J. Darrah came in the fall and taught 
two terms, being succeeded in the spring of 1868 by Miss 
Annette McDoel, who taught one year. Lorenzo D. Henry 
taught from the spring of 1869 till the fall of 1870, when 
he was succeeded by Harry C. Hadley who taught one year. 
Li the fall of 1871 Allen E. Bennett became the master. 
He continued in that position till the fall of 1878, when he 
was succeeded by Sylvester Brown. The latter was trans-- 
ferred, January 1, 1875, to the Lincoln street school, and 
A. M. Heath took his place. The school had always been 



116 Manchester. 

kept in the Centre street building till 1874, when it was 
moved to the building on Main street. 

Amoskeag village was annexed at the same time as 
Piscataquog, and its grammar school was kept after the 
same fashion till December, 1865, when Henry M. Putney 
became its teacher, continuing as such one year. Amos 
Wright succeeded him in December, 1866, and taught till 
the spring of 1868, when Lewis H. Dutton was elected and 
taught two terms. Then came Daniel A. Clifford in the 
winter of 1868 and taught one year. Alpha Messer taught 
from December, 1869, till the fall of 1871, when he was 
succeeded by Charles F. Morrill, who remained till the 
spring of 1873. He was followed by George P. Hadley, 2d, 
who taught one term. Miss Sarah B. Hadley taught the 
school from the fall of 1878 till January, 1874, when she 
was succeeded by the present teacher, Miss Emma A. H. 
Brown. 

The intermediate school, organized as an ungraded 
school to afford instruction to those whom necessity or 
inclination kept from regular attendance throughout the 
school year, was first kept in the Museum building and 
similar places till January, 1854, when the brick house on 
the corner of Manchester and Chestnut streets was built 
for its use. Charles Aldrich, its first master, taught till 
the spring of 1858. The school was then closed for two 
terms, but re-opened in the winter of 18.)8, when Josiah 
G. Dearborn taught one term. He was succeeded in the 
spriug of 1859 by Martin L. Stevens, who taught till the 
fall of 1861. Then William Harvey kept it two terms, and 
in the s{)iiiig of 1862 Joseph G. Edgerly was transferred 
to it from the Piscataquog grammar school. He taught a 
few weeks and was then given leave of absence to enter 
the postal service of the Union army at Fortress Monroe. 
Dining his absence his place was filled by Orren C. Moore. 
He returned in the fall of 1862 and taught till the spiing 



Schools. 117 

of 1864. Then Miss Emeline R. Brooks was placed in 
charge for two terms, Mr. Edgerly returning in the winter 
of 1864 and teaching one term. Wendell P. Hood followed 
him in the spring of 1865 and taught one term. Isaac L. 
Heath came in the fall of that year and taught till the 
spring of 1866, when he was transferred to the South 
grammar. Temporary teachers managed the school till 
December, 1^66, when Mr. Edgerly again took it for one 
term, being succeeded in the spring by Elbridge D. Had- 
ley who taught one term. In the fall of 1867 Samuel W. 
Clark took it and remained one year. The school was 
closed during the fall term of 1868, but opened in the win- 
ter, when Lewis H. Button taught one term, till his re- 
moval to the East grammar. In the spring of 1869 Wil- 
liam E. Buck succeeded Mr. Dutton and taught two terms, 
till his removal to the North grammar. In December, 
1869, Daniel A. Clifford took charge of it and continued 
its teacher three years, when he was appointed master of 
the South grammar. His place was taken in January, 
1873, by Alfred S. Hall, who taught one term. The next 
term Sylvester Brown w^as its teacher, Mr. Hall returning 
in the fall of 1873 and teaching one year. The school was 
removed in the fall of 1874 to the old high-school building 
and Herbert W. Lull became its master. 

The complete control of the schools and school-houses 
is vested in the school board, consisting at present of two 
members from each ward, half elected annually, who re- 
ceive an annual compensation of ten dollars apiece. From 
the incorporation of the city till 1875 only one memlier 
was chosen from each ward. In 1871 the mayor and the 
president of the common council were made members ex 
officiis. The personal supervision and immediate govern- 
ment of the schools belong, under their direction, to the 
superintendent of public instruction, who is chosen once in 
two years by the mayor and aldermen and school commit- 



118 Manchester. 

tee in convention, and whose salary is eighteen hundred dol- 
lars. The salary of the master of the high school is two 
thousand dollars ; of his first assistant eight hundred dol- 
lars; and of the others, five hundred. The masters of the 
grammar schools are paid fifteen hundred dollars, while 
their assistants and the teachers of the middle and primary 
schools receive three hundred and fifty dollars the first 
year, three hundred and seventy-five the second, four hun- 
dred the third and four hundred and fifty the fourth. The 
principal of the higher department of the school for in- 
struction in the science of teaching receives six hundred 
dollars, and the principal of the lower department five hun- 
dred dollars. Tlie music-master is paid fifteen hundred 
dollars, and an officer, with a salary of six hundred dollars, 
is annually appointed, wjiose sole business is to compel the 
attendance of truants. 

There are in the city forty-four public schools, all but 
eight of which, located in the suburban districts, are 
graded. They are attended by over twenty-five hundred 
scliolars, are kept in twenty-two different school-buildings 
and seventy-five school-rooms, and give employment to 
sixty-nine regular teachers and a permanent music-teacher, 
besides occasional writing and drawing-masters. Their 
cost in 1873, exclusive of construction and repairs, was 
about fifty thousand dollars, against three thousand one 
hundred dollars in 1844. The length of the school year 
is forty weeks, divided into one term of sixteen weeks and 
two terms of twelve weeks each. The school week is five 
days and the school day is six hours, in two sessions of 
three hours each, except in the primary schools whose af- 
ternoon session is but two hours long. 

Among the schools is one which is used at once for the 
instruction of middle and primary scholars and the prep- 
aration of teachers. Young ladies who graduate from the 
high school may enter this as assistants and teach under 



Schools. 119 

the direction of the regular teachers, themselves becoming 
pupils in the science of instruction. Quite a number an- 
nually avail themi?elves of this opportunity and thus there 
is formed a permanent source of supply for educated teach- 
ers. There are naturally in Manchester many who are 
unable to attend day-schools and some of whom are thus 
forbidden an education they are eager to acquire. This 
matter provoked interest as early as 1854, when district 
number two established in Patten's block a free evening- 
school to educate in the common branches those wlio could 
not make use of the opportunities already tiieirs. This ac- 
tion seems to have had but a spasmodic force, as it was not 
till fourteen years afterward that another evening-school 
was begun. In the winter of 1868 the plan was resumed 
and has been continued yearly since, schools having been 
kept in the intermediate building, in tlie wooden houses 
on the corner of Bridge and Union streets and of Concord 
and Beech streets, in the police-court room and in the old 
high-school building. In 1878, besides the one which was 
kept in the latter house, another was organized in Piscata- 
quog village. Each employs a principal and several assis- 
tants. They are begun in the fall, are kept four or five 
months and are attended with very gratifying results. The 
aggregate attendance in the two schools in 1873 was three 
hundred of both sexes and all ages above fifteen, and the 
number increases annually. 

Several glee clubs in the schools are the natural out- 
growth of the attention whicli is given to music. An al- 
umni association connected with the liigh school has had 
an existence at intervals and was re-organized in January, 
1<S73. There is an association of the teachers of all the 
schools which was begun in 1859 and has been kept up in- 
termittently since. The last organization was formed in 
1872. It meets fortnightly to discuss educational matters 
and is valued as a means of information and inspiration. 



120 Manchester. 

The association of the teachers of the state, in whose an- 
nual exercises the Manchester teachers bear a prominent 
part, was begun in the city hall in May, 1854. 

The Roman Catholic population had supported some pri- 
vate schools in district number two previous to 1861, but 
in that year the district voted to give them the use of the 
Park-street building, and schools were kept there at the 
expense of the Catholics and under the superintendence 
of the Rev. William MacDonald, pastor of St. Ann's (Ro- 
man Catholic) church till 1863. In March of that year 
the school board voted to take charge of them and from 
time to time established others, so that in 1868 there were 
some half a dozen Roman Catholic schools, whose teachers 
were elected upon nomination by Mr. MacDonald and who 
wore in school the dress peculiar to nuns of Roman Cath- 
olic convents. These, besides the grammar school in the 
Park-street building, taught by Thomas Corcoran, a man 
of the same religious faitli, weie all supported at the city's 
expense. It became at last so patent that these schools 
were in fact controlled by one religious denomination, act- 
ing through the proper authorities, and that sectarianism 
was becoming an element in the public education, that at 
the election of teachers in .1868 by the school board those 
who wore the nun's dress were dropped from the list and 
their schools were discontinued. This action provoked 
a bitter controversy in the board and very great excite- 
ment in the city, but was not revoked. Mr. Corcoran con- 
tinued in the pay of tlie city till December, 1869, when his 
name was dropped IVoin the roll and his school was discon- 
tinued. The city has not, however, deprived the Roman 
Catholics of the use of the building which was given them 
in 1861 by district nunil)er two, and Mr. Corcoran still 
teaches there under their auspices. 

The Roman Catholics support four schools, which are 
free to children of that denomination, the members of 



Schools. 121 

their churches being taxed to support them. The first of 
them was started fifteen years ago. The Rev. William Mac- 
Donald is their superintendent. The principal of tiic 
grammar school receives fourteen hundred dollars a year. 
The rest of the twenty teachers are all nuns, wearing the 
convent dress, and are paid three hundred dollars each. 
This makes an annual cost of seven thousand dollars for 
salaries, and this, together with the money needed for furni- 
ture, repairs and incidentals, is contributed by the churches 
of the denomination in the city. 

The largest of their schools is the one on Park street, 
whose principal is Thomas Corcoran, assisted by several 
nuns, which contains eight rooms and has one hundred 
and thirty grammar scholars, one hundred and twenty mid- 
dle scholars and two hundred primary scholars. On the 
corner of Lowell and Birch streets are kept four schools, 
primary and middle, employing four teachers and having 
two hundred and fifty scholars. In the vestry of St. Jo- 
seph's church are two schools, primary and middle, em- 
ploying four teachers and having two hundred scholars. 
And on the corner of Union and Laurel streets is a school 
of the same size as the one on Birch street. An institu- 
tion which teaches the higher branches, called Mount St. 
Mary's Academy, with which a primary department is, how- 
ever, connected, is also supported by the denomination, but 
its doors are open to any one who will pay the tuition fees. 
The teachers, all nuns, are eight in number and there are 
on an average one hundred pupils. 



122 Manchester. 

SCHOOL OFFICERS. 



SUPERINTENDENTS, 



FROM THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE OFFICE, AUGUST, 1855, TO 
THE PRESENT TIME. 



1855-59. James O. Adams. 
1859-60. John W. Eay. 



1860-67. James O. Adams. 
1867-75. Joseph G. Edgerly. 



SCHOOL COMMITTEES, 

FROM 1846 TO THE PRESENT TIME. 



1846. 

Archibald Stark, 
Nathaniel Wheat, 
Joseph Knowltou, 
Moses Hill, 
James McColley, 
W. W. Brown, 
C. H. Eastman. 

1847. 

Ephraim Stevens, jr., 
J. G. Sherbui'ne, 
Thomas Brown, 
Moses Hill, 
John S. Elliott, 
W. W. Brown, 
C. H. Eastman. 

1848. 

Ephraim Stevens, jr., 
John B. Clarke, 
A. M. Chapin, 
Archelans Wilson, 
James Hersey, 
W. W. Brown, 
William Grey. 



1849. 

A. M. Chapin, 
Josiah Crosby, 
Sylvanus Bunton, 
David P. Perkins, 
John S. Elliott, 
J. Y. McQueston. 

18.>0. 

William G. Means, 
Josiah Crosby, 
Chandler E. Potter, 
David P. Perkins, 
John S. Elliott, 
J. Y. McQueston. 



1851. 



A. M. Chapin, 
Josiah Crosby, 
J. C. Tasker, 
Y. B. Eaton, 
A. B. Puller, 
Amos Abbott. 



School Officeus. 



123 



1852. 

Jainos O. Adams, 

D. C. Bent, 
J. C. Tasker, 
F. B. Eaton, 
J. E. Bennett, 
C. II. Eastman. 

1853. 

James O. Adams, 
AVilliam Grey, 
Sylvanus Bunton, 
Justin Spaulding, 

A. G. Tucker, 

C. H. Eastman. 

185-1. 

T. T. Abbot, 
William Sage, 
J. C. Tasker, 
John II. Goodale, 

E. A. Jenks, 
T. P. Sawin, 

B. F. Wallace, 
J. B. Quiniby. 

1855. 

lleuben Dodge, 
11. M. Bacon, 
Jonathan Tenney, 
E. M. Topliff, 
Benjamin Currier, 
S. D. Lord, 
John O. Parker. 

185G. 

Reuben Dodge, 

A. <;. Heath, 
Jonathan Tenney, 
J. D. Patterson, 
Benjamin Currier, 
S.D. Lord. 

B. F. Wallace, 

D. P. Currier. 



1857. 

Seth T. Hill, 

Ephraim Corey, 

William L. Gage, 

J. E. Bennett, 

J. B. Hoitt, 

J. Y. iMcQueston, 

B. F. Wallace, 

Thomas S. Montgomery, 

1858. 

Seth T. Hill, 

E. B. Merrill, 

F. B. Eaton, 
Moses T. Brown, 
J. B. Hoitt, 

J. Y. McQueston, 
George A. Bowman, 
Thomas S. Montgomery. 

1859. 

Seth T. Hill, 
E. B. Merrill, 
Justus D. Watson, 
Amos W. Sargent, 
George H. Hubbai-d, 
.1. Y. McQueston, 
James P. Walker, 
Thomas S. Montgomery. 

1860. 

Seth T. Hill, 

Waterman Smith, 

Justus D. Watson, 

Amos W. Sargent, 

George H. Hubbard, 

James O. Adams, 
^ B. F. Wallace, resigned, 
( S. Webber, vice Wallace, 

Thomas S. Montgomery. 



124 



Manchester. 



1861. 

John Iloslcy, 
Waterman Smith, 
James B. Straw, 
Hiram Hil], 
John Coughlin, 
James O. Adams, 
Samuel Webber, 
Daniel Parmer, jr. 

1862. 

John Ilosley, 
Waterman Smith, 
James B. Straw, 
Hiram Hill, 
John Coughlin, 
George Pierce, 
Samuel Webber, 
Daniel Farmer, jr. 

1863. 

Seth T. Hill, 
Waterman Smith, 
Benjamin F. Bowles, 
Holmes li. Pettee, 
William Little, 
George Pierce, 
Samuel Webber, 
Daniel Furmer,jr. 

1864. 

Seth T, Hill, 

Waterman Smith, 

Benjamin F. Bowles, 

Holmes li. Pettee, 

William Little, 

George Pierce, 
\ Samuel Weliber, resigned, 
( J. P. Whittle, vice AVebber, 

John E. Stearns, 

1805. 

William G. Perry, 
Waterman Smilli, 
Benjamin F. Bowles, 
Isaac W. Smifh, 
William Little, 
Ignatius T. Webster, 
John M, Ordway, 
John E. Stearns. 



1866. 

William G. Perry, 
Waterman Smith, 
Benjamin F. Bowles, 
Isaac W. Smith, 
William Little, 
Ignatius T. Webster, 
John M. Ordway, 
Thomas L. Thorpe. 

1867. 

Henry T. Mowatt, 
Waterman Smith, 
Moody Currier, 
George V/. Weeks, 
William Little, 
J. Y. McQueston, 
James P, Walker, 
Thomas L. Thorpe. 

1808. 

Henry T. Mowatt, 
Marshall P. Hall, 
Moody Cuirier, 
George W. Weeks, 
William Little, 
Daniel C. Gould, jr., 
.lames P. Walker, 
Thomas S. Montgomery. 

1869. 

Henry T. Mowatt, 
Marshall P. Hall, 
Daniel Clark, 
Samuel Upton, 
William Little, 
Elbridge D. Hadley, 
James Dean, 
Thomas S. Montgomery. 

1870. 

Henry C. Sanderson, 
Marshall P. Hall, 
Thomas Borden, 
Samuel Upton, 
Patrick A. Devine, 
Ei)hraim S. Peabody, 
James Dean, 
DeLaliiyette liobinson. 



School Officers. 



125 



1871. 

James A. Weston, ) .^^^.••„ 

William R. Patten, [ ^^ ojjicus. 

Henry C. Sanderson, 

Marshall P. Hall, 

Thomas Borden, 

Samnel N. Bell, 

Patrick A. Devine, 

William P. Merrill, 

James Dean, 

DeLafayette Robinson. 

1872. 

Person C. Cheney, ) ^ ,. 

Edwin Kennedy, ( ^^ ojjieus. 
Henry C. Sanderson, 
Marshall P. Hall, 
Daniel Clark, 
Samuel Ujiton, 
Daniel C. Gould, jr., 
James Dean, 
DeLafayette Robinson. 



1873. 

Charles H. Bartlett, resigned, \ 

John P. Newell, vice Bartlett, \ 
ex officiis. 

Charles A. Smith, 

Henry E. Burnham, 

Marshall P. Hall, 

Daniel Clark, 

Kathan P. Hunt, 

Frank J. Murray, 
( Frank G. Clark, resigned, 
I Edwin Kennedy, nice Clark, 

George P. Rockwell, 

George H. Colby. 

1874. 

Henry E. Burnham, 

Marsliall P. Hall, 

John G. Lane, 

Nathan P. Hunt, 

Frank J. Murray, 

Edwin Kennedy, 
5 George P. Rockwell, resigned, 
( John K. McQueston, vice Rock- 
well, 

John E. Stearns. 




RELIGIOUS AND BENEVOLENT 
SOCIETIES. 



T was not till some years after Derryfield had become 
Manchester that there was aroused among its citi- 
zens a lasting interest in religious matters. The 
settlers of New England could never forsake entirely the 
faith which had provoked them to cross the sea, and the 
men who were Derryfield's first settlers kept up religious 
services, of a desultory character^indeed, in spite of their 
quarrels. Before the suggestion of Derryfield had been 
made, the savage tribes who were wont to flock to Amos- 
keag Falls in the fishing season received from the Rev. 
John Eliot, the well-known translator of the Bible into the 
aboriginal tongue of New England, religious instruction, 
and, after his departure, his work was continued by Simon 
Betogkom, a convert to the faith which Eliot held. Later, 
when the white men were attracted to the Falls by the 
abundance of the fish, religious services were occasionally 
held on Sundays. It is known that before and after 1743 
the Rev. Mr. Seccomb of Kingston, an apostolic fisherman, 
preached on Sundays when he came to the Falls to pursue 
his favorite pastime. 

There is no record of other preaching till after the in- 
corporation of the town. In 1753 the Rev. Alexander Mc- 
Dowell was invited by the town to preach, but there is no 
farther record of the maUer. Barns had been the cluirches 



128 Manchester. 

hitherto, but in 1754 the toAvn voted to build a meeting- 
house near the Centre. Its location displeased a faction, 
and the next year thirty citizens petitioned for a town- 
meeting, to which the law entitled them and which the se- 
lectmen refused to call. The petitioners, however, made 
request to Joseph Blanchard and Matthew Thornton, jus- 
tices of the peace, who ordered a meeting, at which the 
vote to build the meeting-house was reconsidered. 

In 1758, however, the town voted to build a house and 
the frame was put up in that year. But the men who op- 
posed its erection would not pay the assessment laid upon 
them, and no more was then done. But in succeeding 
years doors and windows were put in and the house came 
to a state of partial completion, in which it continued some 
time. The quarrel which its location provoked continued 
all the while, now one party triumphant and now the other, 
and at length the original cause of dispute was nearly lost 
sight of in personal enmity. In 1766 the party which had 
located the house at first assembled in town-meeting and 
elected their candidates for town officers before the rest 
came. Upon the arrival of the latter they organized and 
chose others. Such confusion was thus produced that the 
legislature of that year, upon petition of a number of the 
inhabitants, declared the town-meetings void and ordei ed a 
new one, when the same party was victorious. The dis- 
pute was finally settled by a compromise. 

Preaching had generally been kej)t up during this time, 
and in 1773 the Rev. George Gilmore, who had occasion- 
ally been hired by the town, was invited to become its 
permanent preacher, but there is no record of his reply. 
Tbe Revolutionary War was begun two years later, and 
while that lasted there was little preaching or care for any. 
The house went to decay and was not re])aired till 1783. 
In 1790 the " pew-ground " was sold, the buyers paying 
" two-thirds of the purchise in Glass, Nailes, or marchant- 



Religious and Benevolent Societies. 121) 

able Clabboards or Putty," and the rest in cash. In 1792 
farther repairs were made and the pew-ground in the gal- 
leries was sold, but the pews were never built and the house 
remained incomplete, never being finished for a meeting- 
house. Part of the inhabitants found more convenient 
places of worship in Londonderry and Bedford, and the 
others were unable to have stated preaching or make their 
house suitable for worship. It was kept barely fit for town- 
meetings, the rain and wind finding easy access and swal- 
lows building their nests within it. The Rev. William Pick- 
els, preaching in it in 1803, effected some improvement by 
telling his hearers the devil would carry them off through 
the cracks if they were not closed. In 1840 it was for- 
saken entirely, the town voting to hold its meetings at the 
newly created village near the river. Thirteen years later 
it was bought by H. T. Wilson and B. H. Clieney, moved a 
few rods and converted into a dwelling-house. 

After the departure of the Rev. Mr. Pick els in 1804 
David Abbott, who had come into the town the previous 
year and was of the Baptist faith, began holding meetings 
at different houses, which were continued till 1812, when a 
Baptist church was organized with fourteen members. It 
flourished under Mr. Abbott's care for some years till at 
length some unknown cause divided it and its life departed. 
This has the honor of being the first church organized in 
the town. 

The first meeting-house in the town was built about 173G 
near the burying-ground on the old Weston farm known as 
the "Forest cemetery," by the English settlers to whom the 
land was granted on condition that a church should be 
built. After having been used some years it was destroyed 
by fire from burning woods. Of the meeting-houses which 
have come down to us, the old town-house, still standing 
at the Centre, was the first one built ; the old church in 
Piscataquog village was tlie fii'st one that was built by pri- 



130 Manchester. 

vate enterprise within the present limits of Manchester ; 
while the house belonging to the First Methodist Episcopal 
society and located at the Centre was the first ever built 
by a religious society within the original town. The first 
permanent church building in the compact part of the city 
was erected in 1839 by the First Congregational society. 
In the same year the First Freewill Baptist society built a 
wooden chapel on Concord street, which was used succes- 
sively by them, by the Episcopalians and by the Second Con- 
gregational society, and for the general purposes of a hall, 
and, being moved to Central street, was occupied by the 
Wesleyan Methodists and also used for a school-house. It 
is standing on that street, the fifth house west from Chest- 
nut, number fifty-nine, and is occupied as a store. 

Though the germs of the Universalist, Congregational 
and Calvinistic Baptist churches were planted in Amoskeag 
village, there never was any meeting-house there and ser- 
vices were held in halls. In 1839 they all forsook Amos- 
keag and began worship in the new village across the river, 
establishing in feebleness the institutions of religion in a 
city which now maintains fifteen different churches and in 
which four others have been organized and disbanded. 
The approximate number of members in the Protestant 
churches is two thousand, and the approximate value of 
Protestant and Roman Catholic church property half a 
million dollars. 

FIRST CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH. 

On the twenty-first of May, 1828, a Presbyterian church 
was organized at Manchester Centre by an ecclesiastical 
council and Daniel Watts was appointed clerk. It never 
had a house of its own and a pastor was never settled over 
it. For a few months after its formation its j)ulpit was 
supplied by the Rev. William K. Talbot. In 1833 Benja- 



First Congregational Church. 131 

mill F. Foster was ordained as an evangelist and lie for 
some time furnished occasional preaching. Those of its 
members who united with the Amoskeag church to form 
another at the new village in Manchester were : Moses 
Noyes, Lucy Noyes, Robert P. Whittemore, Hannah Jane 
Whittemore, Jennet Dickey, Elizabeth Hall, Sally Whitte- 
more, Eliza A. Moor, Jcrusha Griffin, Maria Noyes, Eliza- 
beth Stark, Abby Stark, Mrs. F. G. Stark. 

At Amoskeag village in Goffstown, across the river and 
three miles from the Presbyterian church, a Congregational 
church was organized, December 2, 1828, at the house of 
Col. Daniel Farmer. Like the Presbyterian church it was 
without a house or a pastor of its own. Among those who 
occupied its pulpit were the Rev. B. F. Foster, who divided 
his time between this church and the one at the Centre, the 
Rev. Mr. Noble, the Rev. Mr. French, the Rev. Mr. Stone, 
afterwards a missionary in Siam, and Cyrus W. Wallace, 
who began his labors with it on the last Sunday in April, 
1839, and who afterwards became its pastor. About that 
time the church began to hold meetings at the new vil- 
lage in Manchester with the approval of the church at 
the Centre, sustaining thus the first regular Sunday ser- 
vices in what is now the compact part of the city. At the 
time when it ceased to exist as a separate church its mem- 
bers were : Daniel Farmer, George Berry, Samuel Poor, 
Henry Peacock, Nahum Baldwin, Betsey Farmer, Mrs. 
Samuel Poor, Mrs. Nahum Baldwin, Lettice McQueston, 
Betsey Flanders, Mary Rodgers, Lydia Drew, Harriet 
Jones, Mary C. Perry, Catherine French, Mrs. Pollard. 

It had become by this time patent that a union of these 
two churches would be a gain to each and that the place 
for the new church was at the village which the manufac- 
turers were building on the east bank of the Merrimack. 
The union was effected August 15, 1839, by a council which 
met first at the house of Phinehas French in Amoskeag 



132 Manchester. 

village and then adjourned to Franklin Hall, and the 
church thus formed was called the " First Congregational 
Church in Amoskeag," a house of worship being built for 
its use at the new village in 1839. The name was after- 
wards changed to that of the First Congregational Church 
in Manchester. Cyrus W. Wallace, then a licentiate of the 
Londonderry Presbytery, had already, as has been said, 
commenced his labors with the Amoskeag church, but did 
not preach as a candidate for settlement. He supplied the 
pulpit till November of that year and then received a call 
to be settled as the pastor of the church and society. He 
accepted the invitation and was ordained, January 8, 1840, 
being the first minister ever ordained and installed in the 
town. 

At the time of the union of the two churches, Moses 
Noyes was the deacon of the Presbyterian church and Dan- 
iel Farmer of tiie Congiegational church, and by nnitual 
agreement they became the deacons of the new church, 
continuing in office till death removed them, the one in 
October, 18(30, and the other, October 30, 1865. In 1850 
Nahum Baldwin and Hiram Brown were made deacons. 
Tliey resigned upon their departure from town, the one in 
1871 and the other in 1869. In 1848 Henry Lancaster 
and HoU)rook Chandler were chosen deacons. The former 
resigned in 1858 and was then succeeded by Ebenezcr C. 
Foster, who was taken away by death February 18, 1865. 
Mr. Chandler resigned in 1857 upon his removal from 
town. Daniel C. Gould became a deacon in 1858 and 
held the office till his death, November 3, 1872. In 1862 
Thcodoi'C T. Abbot was elected deacon, but resigned in 
1874 when he removed from the city. In 1866 Henry 
Clough, Peter K. Chandler and Leonard French were add- 
ed to the list of deacons. The two latter continue in of- 
fice ; the former fell dead on the evening of November 
17, I872, at a meeting of a temperance society connected 



First Congregational Church. 188 

with tlie clmrch. December 10, 1872, three more were 
chosen deacons — Jolm P. Newell, Horace Fcttee, S. S. 
Marden. June 19, 1874, the system of church government 
was re-organized. By request, all the deacons resigned 
and were at once re-elected, to serve for a definite term in- 
stead of I'or life as before. P. K. Chandler was chosen for 
one year; Leonard French, two years; John P. Newell, 
three yeiirs ; Horace Pet^ee, four years ; S. S. Marden, five 
years. 

At the first meeting of the church after its foundation in 
1839 (Jeorge Perry was chosen its clerk, holding the office 
till his death in 1841. From that time there is no record 
of the election of a clerk and the records were in the main 
kept by the pastor till June 23, 18o4, when William Harts- 
horn was chosen clerk. He was succeeded, May 5, 18G0, by 
George W. Pinkerton, and he, January 4, 181)3, by Charles 
A. Daniels. Thomas B. Brown was chosen clerk May 31, 
1864, and treasurer in 1HG7. He was succeeded, June 19, 
1874, by John D. Patterson as clerk, and by Jasper P. 
George as treasurer. 

Dr. Wallace, who had been the pastor of the church 
since its formation and whose uninterrupted service with 
one church far exceeded in length that of any other cler- 
gyman ever settled in Manchester, sent his resignation to 
the church January 11, 1873, and it was accepted by the 
latter to take effect the last of August. Edward G. Selden 
accepted a call to succeed Dr. Wallace and was ordained, 
December 16, 1873. By a vote of the church, "as an ex- 
pression of their affectionate regard," Dr. Wallace was 
made "pastor emeritus'''' of the church, on the first of Jan- 
uary, 1874. The church has a membership of about four 
hundred and seventy-five and the Sunday-school connected 
with it numbers about five hundred. Of the latter Holmes 
R. Pettee is sujjerintendent, and Peter K. Chandler assist- 
ant superintendent. 



134 Manchester. 

A meeting of persons interested in forming a Congrega- 
tional society was held at Amoskeag, April 4, 1838. These 
were organized as the " First Congregational Society in 
Amoskeag village," and at an adjourned meeting on the 
twenty-seventh adopted a constitution and chose Daniel 
Farmer, president ; George W. Kimball, secretary ; Nahum 
Baldwin, Samuel Poor and George Ferry, directors. The 
next year Moses C. Greene was chosen secretary and ap- 
pointed treasurer, and Josepli Moody and David A. Bunton 
became directors in place of Messrs. Poor and Perry. In 
1840 David A. Bunton was chosen president, and J. Apple- 
ton Burnham, Daniel Farmer and James Wallace, direct- 
ors. The next year Paul Cragin, jr., succeeded Mr. Greene 
as secretary and treasurer. In 1842 William G. Means was 
chosen secretary and treasurer, and Hiram Brown and Fos- 
ter Towns succeeded Messrs. Burnham and Farmer as di- 
rectors. Mr. Towns died within the year and William 
Hartshorn was elected to fill the vacancy. These officers 
continued through the next year, and in 1844 Hiram Brown 
was made president and his place in the board of directors 
was filled by Abram Brigham, who was succeeded in 1845 
by David Hill. 

The society failed to hold the annual meeting of 1846 
at the appointed- time, and a special meeting was called by 
the Hon. Samuel D. Bell as justice of the peace, on request 
of Messrs. Means, Hartshorn and Bunton, when the officers 
of the year before were re-elected, continuing through 1847. 
In 1848 Frederick Wallace and Francis Reed were chosen 
to succeed David Hill and James Wallace as directors, be- 
ing themselves succeeded the next year by David A. Bun- 
ton and Joshua Deane. In 1850 Samuel Fish succeeded 
Mr. Deane and in 1851 Holbrook Chandler took Mr. Bun- 
ton's place. There was no change in 1852 and but one in 
1853, Jacol) G. Cilley being elected a director in place of 
Mr. Fish. The next year Hiram Brown, who had been pres- 



First Congregational Society. 135 

ideiit of tlie society since 184-1, was succeeded l)y Nalium 
Baldwin ; William G. Means, who had been secretary and 
treasurer since 1842, gave place to William Hartshorn ; and 
Holbrook Chandler, Jacob G. Cilley and William Patten 
were elected directors, Mr. Patten being succeeded in 1855 
by Ebenezer C. Foster. There was no change in 1856, and 
in 1857 William Patten was re-elected director in Mr. Chan- 
dler's place, being himself succeeded the next year by 
George W. Pinkerton. 

The officers of 1858 were re-elected in 1859, and in 1800 
David A. Bunton was again chosen a director, in place of 
Mr. Foster. In 1861 Horace Pettee succeeded Mr. Pink- 
erton as a director ; in 1862 there was no change ; and in 
1863 Moulton Knowles became a director in Mr. Bunton's 
place. The next year Nahum Baldwin, president of the 
society for ten years, gave place to Peter K. Chandler ; 
William Hartshorn, secretary for the same length of time, 
was succeeded by Jolui P. Newell, upon whose resignation 
within the year Jacob G. Cilley was elected, and Thomas 
B. Brown took Mr. Cilley 's place on the board of directors. 
These officers continued through 1865, 1866 and 1867. In 
1868 John P. Newell was elected president, and Joseph B, 
Sawyer, secretary and treasurer, botli of whom have served 
up to the present time ; and Henry Clough, Horace Gor- 
don and Henry C. Reynolds were chosen directors. There 
was no change in 1869 and 1870, Daniel Parmer succeed- 
ing Mr. Reynolds in 1871. The directors of 1872 were 
Daniel Farmer, George P. Rockwell and Stephen P. Cliase ; 
of 1873, Peter K. Chandler, Stephen P. Chase and Hor- 
ace P. Watts ; of 1874, Horace P. Watts, Charles R. Moi-- 
rison and Thomas S. Sargent. 

Shortly after the formation of the society a vote was 
passed to form the "Amoskeag Joint Stock Company " for 
the purpose of building a church in Amoskeag village. 
This vote was rescinded, other plans and places were dis- 



136 Manchester. 

cussed and in 1889 it was decided to build the present 
house of worship on Hanover street near Elm. The Ani- 
oskeag Company gave the land and the Stark Mills gave 
five hundred dollars to help build the church. Other means 
were ol)tained by making shares of stock which were soon 
taken up. The house was begun in the spring, finished in 
the autumn and dedicated in November, of 1839. It then 
contained one hundred and twenty-two pews and would ac- 
commodate six hundred and fifty persons. During the 
process of building, the society, which had already left 
Amoskeag, worshiped in Franklin liall on Amherst street, 
nearly in the rear of tlie present church. In 1852 the house 
was enlarged, the congregation worshiping meanwhile in 
the city hall. About 1842 a vestry or chapel was built just 
back of the churcli. The property is now estimated to be 
worth about eighteen thousand dollars. 

About 1846 the society forsook its original ]iame and 
took that of the First Congregational Society in Manches- 
ter. January 9, 1865, it having been twenty-five years since 
the settlement of the Rev. Dr. Wallace, the event was cel- 
ebrated by the society and other friends by a gathering at 
Smyth's hall, Peter K. Chandler, then president of the so- 
ciety, in the chair. Dr. Wallace preached a commemora- 
tive sermon, and addresses were made by the Rev. Thomas 
Savage of Bedford, a member of the council convened to 
settle Mr. Wallace, the Rev. Henry E. Parker of Concord, 
the Rev. Nathaniel Bouton, D. D., of Concord, the Rev. 
Henry M. Dexter of Boston and the Rev. William H. Fenn 
of Manchester, former pastors of the Franklin-street soci- 
ety, William G. Means of Andover, Mass., secretary and 
treasurer of the First society from 1842 to 1854, and John 
B, Clarke of Manchester. Dr. Wallace was made the recip- 
ient of several articles in testimony of the regard of his 
jtcojjle. 



First Methodist Episcopal Church. 137 

first methodist episcopal church. 

Metliodism was first introliioccl to Manchester about 
1827, and its first apostles were the Rev. Orlando Hinds, 
the Rev. B. Peaslee, a local preacher named B. Haskell, 
and others. In 1828 and 1820 the Rev. John Broadhead 
was made preacher in charge, assisted by the Rev. Caleb 
Lamb, of a circuit of eight or ton towns among which Man- 
chester was included. A church was organized September 
27, 1829, and in that year under Mr. Broadhead's labors 
eighty members were added to it. Among its first mem- 
bers were Daniel Webster, John G. Webster, Joseph B. 
Hall and Isaac Merrill. At that time the Centre was the 
town, there being but three or four dwelling-houses where 
now is the city proper, and at the Centre in 1829 was be- 
gun by this church the erection of the first meeting-house 
ever completed in the original town and the first begun by 
a society. It was completed the next year at a cost of two 
thousand dollars. 

The first pastor of the church was the Rev. Matthew 
Newliall, appointed in 1829 and re-appointed in 1830. The 
Rev. Mr. Gridley is supposed to have been stationed over 
it the next two years. In 1838 the preacher in charge was 
the Rev. Silas Greene ; in 1831, the Rev. Caleb Dustin ; 
in 1835, the Rev. William S. Lock; in 1836 and 1837, the 
Rev. Converse L. McCurdy ; in 1838, the Rev. William J. 
Kidder. In 1839 the Rev. Matthew Newhall, the first res- 
ident preacher, was returned to his old charge and con- 
tinued with it that year and the next, being succeeded in 
1841 by the Rev. Joseph Hayes. In 1842 the Rev. Elihu 
Scott was. made the preacher in charge of this church and 
of the Second Methodist church which had been organized 
in 1839 at the new village, but he did not preach at the 
Centra. The Rev. William S. Lock supplied the pulpit 
and continued with the cluirch nearly three years, being 
9 



138 Manchester. 

succeeded in 1845 by the Rev. Charles H. Eastman, who 
was re-appointed the next year, but whose want of health 
compelled him to retire from ministerial work. 

In 1847 and 1848 the Rev. Horatio W. Taplin was the 
pastor of the church, being succeeded in 1849 by the Rev. 
Henry Nutter, who remained two years. In 1851 the Rev. 
Isaac W. Huntley was appointed, and re-appointed in 1852, 
but died before the close of the year. In 1853 the pastor 
was the Rev. Elijah R. Wilkins ; in 1854. the Rev. Robert 
S. Stubbs : and in 1855 the Rev. H. W. Hart. The latter, 
for want of health, preached but little, and the pulpit was 
supplied by a student from the theological school at Con- 
cord. In 1856 the Rev, Henry Nutter returned to the 
church as its pastor after six years' absence, being suc- 
ceeded the next year by the Rev. L. H. Gordon. In 1859 
and 1860 the Rev. A. B. Buzzell was the pastor; in 1861, 
the Rev. J. P. Stinchfield ; in 1862, the Rev. Elijah R. 
Wilkins, who liad just come back from service as chaplain 
in tlie War of the Rebellion. In 1863 the Rev. William 
Hews was appointed but preached only a few times and 
then resigned the charge, the pulpit being sujjplied the rest 
of the year by the Rev. Mr. Wilmot. In 1«64 and 1865 
the pastor was the Rev. H. A. Mattison; in 186jB and 1867, 
the Rev. W. L. Chase ; in 1868, the Rev. James Dean ; in 
1869, 1870 and 1871, the Rev. J. Zviowry Bean. He was 
succeeded in 1872 by the Rev. Thomas Tyrie, who left be- 
fore tiie end of the year to join the Freewill Baptist church. 
The present pastor, the Rev. C. W. Taylor, was appointed 
in 1873 and re-appointed in 1874. The church has seven- 
ty-five members and the Sunday-school connected with it 
has one hundred and ten. The suj)erintendent is P. W. 
Sanborn, and the assistant superintendent, A. S. Lamb. 
The first parsonage was replaced in 1870 by a new one. 
The value of the church property is estimated to be six 
thousand dollars. 



First Univkrsalist Church. 139 

first universalist church. 

The germ of what is now the First Uuivcrsalist Society 
ill Manchester was started in 182") at Anioskea<r viila<>c hv 
Dr. Oliver Dean, then the agent of the manufacturing com- 
pany out of which the Amoskeag Company grew. The 
first pastor was the Rev. Frederic A. Hodsdon. In 1839 
the society was transferred to Manchester, and a brick 
building for its use — the present church — was erected in the 
summer and fall of that year on Lowell street near Elm, on 
land given by the Amoskeag Company. It was dedicated 
in February, 1840, and the Rev. N. Gunnison was settled 
in May and resigned in October of that year. George W. 
Gage was ordained over the chui'ch and society in June, 
1841, but was dismissed in April, 1844, being succeeded at 
that time by the Rev. B. M. Tillotson, who resigned Octo- 
ber 10, 1859. The Rev. B. F. Bowles became the pastor 
June 27, 18G0, and was dismissed in 1866. The Rev. S. L. 
Roripaugh was installed June 26, 1867, and resigned Octo- 
ber 3, 1868. He was succeeded on the first day of the new 
year by the Rev. Thomas Borden, who remained till De- 
cember, 1871. The Rev. G. L. Demarest began his labors 
September 1, 1872, and continued as pastor till February 
1, 1875, when his resignation was accepted. Shortly after 
the Rev. Mr. Gage's dismissal, some disaffection arose in 
the First church and some of its members organized a 
" Second Universalist Church " with him for a pastor, 
which held meetings in a ball in Merrimack block, oj)po- 
site the Manchester House, but whose existence was brief. 

No records of the society for|^he years previous to 1851 
have come down to these times. In that year Samuel W. 
Parsons was its president ; Isaac C. Flanders, vice-presi- 
dent ; Warren L. Lane, secretary ; and John S. Kidder, 
treasurer. The next year Mr. Flanders became president 
and his vacant place was filled by the election of Alonzo 



140 Manchester. 

Smith as vice-president. With these exceptions the officers 
remained the same till 1858 when Alonzo Smith was elected 
president; John H. Maynard, vice-president ; Abel M. Ken- 
iston, clerk ; and Joseph Kidder, treasurer. In 1859 Mr. 
Kidder was succeeded by Thomas P. Pierce, and in 1860 
Darwin J. Daniels was chosen vice-president, and Daniel 
W. Lane, clerk. The next year Mr. Daniels became pres- 
ident ; George C. Gilmore, vice-president ; and George B. 
Chandler, treasurer. These continued in office during 
1862, but in 1863 William H. Elliott was chosen president; 
Thomas B. Eastman, vice-president ; Hiram Hill, clerk ; 
Gilman B. Fogg, treasurer. The president, clerk and 
treasurer remained in office five years. In 1865 Jeremiah 
Fisk became vice-president, to be succeeded the next year 
by P. B. Putney, who gave place a year later to A. J. Lane. 

In 1868 N. E. Morrill was chosen president ; William N. 
Chamberlin, vice-president ; J. L. Smitb, clerk ; and J. F. 
Woodbury, treasurer. The next year William H. Elliott 
again became president ; S. C. Forsaith, vice-president ; 
William F. Robie, clerk ; and William G. Hoyt, treasurer. 
In 1870 Mr. Forsaith was elected president ; John B. Mc- 
Crillis, vice-president ; W. S. Hill, clerk ; and N. E. Mor- 
rill, treasurer. In 1871 J. L. Smith again became clerk. 
The next year Mr. McCrillis was chosen president ; Wil- 
liam B. Johnson, vice-president ; and A. H. Weston, treas- 
urer. In 1873 Joel Daniels succeeded Mr. Smith as clerk, 
and Hiram Hill took Mr. Weston's place as treasurer. In 
1874 Samuel W. Parsons, who had held the office in 1851, 
was chosen president; George C. Gilmore, vice-president ; 
and A. H. Weston, treasiller. In 1875 Thomas W. Lane 
succeeded Mr. Parsons as ])rcsidcnt ; John B. McCrillis l)e- 
came vice-president; Alexander 11. Downs, clerk; and N. 
E. Morrill, treasurer. 

The church records are begun as follows : " On the 
fourth day of September, 1833, the following persons asso- 



First Universalist Church. 141 

ciated themselves together as the ' First Universalist Church 
of Bedford and Goffstown,' and partook of the sacrament 
of the Lord's Supper : — Frederic A. Hodsdon, John Stark, 
3d, George Daniels, Hiram A. Daniels, John Mullet, Edwin 
Smith, David Fiske, Nehemiah Preston, Mary Parker, Mrs. 
Pattec, Moses Gage, Jolni V. Wilson and Caleb Johnson." 

On the twentieth of November the church met at the 
school-house in Amoskeag village and chose the Rev. Fred- 
eric A. Hodsdon moderator, and George Daniels clerk, of 
the meeting. After adopting a declaration of faith and a 
constitution, the church chose George Daniels its clerk and 
treasurer, and Wilbur Gay a deacon. The meetings tliere- 
after were generally held at Amoskeag hall. On the twen- 
ty-second of December of the same year John McAllaster 
was chosen as a second deacon. In 1834 Hiram A. Dan- 
iels became clerk, and Wilbur Gay, treasurer. The former, 
who was chosen as a third deacon November 18, 1835, con- 
tinued as clerk till November 16, 1836, when he was suc- 
ceeded by Darwin J. Daniels. At the same time it was 
voted to change the name of the church to that of the 
" First Universalist Church of Amoskeag." The last rec- 
ord which is dated at Amoskeag was made November 21, 
1838. 

The next year the society was removed to the village of 
Manchester across the river, but it was not till three years 
later that a church was organized. April 28, 1842, seve- 
ral members of the society, according to notice previously 
given, met at the residence of the pastor, the Rev. George 
W. Gage, " for the purpose of consulting on the subject of 
church organization." A comiitittee — the Rev. George W. 
Gage, Deacon Caleb Johnson and Ira Ballon — was chosen 
to report a resolution to express the sense of the assembly. 
At a meeting held May 3, the resolution, which advocated 
the immediate formation of a clmrch, was adopted, and a 
committee, consisting of Deacon Wilbur Gay, Deacon Caleb 



142 Manchester, 

Johnson, Hiram A. Daniels, Dr. Zacchens Colburn, Ira 
B.allou, Isaac C. Flanders and the Rev. George W. Gage, 
was chosen to report a declaration of belief and a form of 
government, which were adopted on the tenth. On the 
fourteenth of the following Septeml)er J. M. Barnes was 
elected secretary, and Ira Ballou, treasurer ; and in Novem- 
ber Cliarles Pierce and Hiram A. Daniels were made 
deacons. 

May 12, 1844, another deacon, Leonard Dakin, 2d, was 
chosen. In 1849 the secretary, J. M. Barnes, was made 
treasurer also. January 25, 1852, Caleb Johnson was 
elected deacon ; February 22, 1852, Justus Fisher and J. 
C. Hill ; July 5, 1854, Archibald Dow ; July 1, 1855, Lu- 
ther Smith and Zebina Perry; November 1, 1857, Henry 
J. Dow ; May 4, 1862, Alonzo Smith. Upon the latter's 
death, Gilman B. Fogg was chosen, May 7, 1865, to take 
his place. Mr. Fogg resigned and the vacancy was filled 
by tiie election of Horace Stearns, May 2, 1869. July 6, 
1856, Lutiier Smith was chosen clerk and treasurer, but 
the record was mainly kept by the pastor, Mr. Tillotson, 
till 1858, when Luther H. French was elected. John B. 
McCrillis succeeded him in 1862, but the record was kept 
by the pastor, Mr. Bowles. N. Maria Woods was elected 
clerk in 1864, and Mrs. Ella A. Elliott, in 1866. The latter 
was succeeded the next year by Sylvanus B. Putnam, the 
present clerk and treasurer. 

The church building was enlarged in 1850 and has since 
been materially altered. The property is estimated to be 
worth eighteen thousand dollars. The church has a mem- 
bership of about fifty, and the Sunday-school, which is un- 
der the care of Sylvanus B. Putnam, numbers about one 
hundred and twenty-five. 



First Baptist Church. 143 

first baptist church. 

Oil the twenty-sixth of July, 1835, the Baptist church in 
Goffstown voted to recognize ten persons, viz.: Elder John 
Peacock, Daniel Goodeii, John Stevens, Mary R. Peacock, 
Stevens, Hopy Tewksbury, Betsy Tewksbury, Eliza- 
beth Mclntire, Zilpha Gould and Abigail Rider, as the 
" Amoskeag branch of the Goffstown church." They met 
for the first time, five days later, at the house of Daniel 
Gooden in Amoskeag village and chose John Peacock pas- 
tor and clerk of the church. They first held public wor- 
sliip on the second of August in a hall and thereafter met 
at Hull's hall and at the houses of the members. January 
3, 1836, Daniel Gooden was chosen deacon. At a meeting 
held at the house of Deacon John Plumcr, December 1, 
1836, the braiicli resolved to ask a dismissal from the 
Goffstown church and invited a council to assist them in 
becoming a distinct organization. The council met, Janu- 
ary 4, 1837, at Roger Williams hall, and recognized the 
branch as an independent church, the late Andrew T. Foss, 
well-known as one of the anti-slavery agitators, preaching 
the sermon of recognition. The church held its first meet- 
ing the next day at Daniel Goodeu's house. 

This church was affected, like the rest in Amoskeag vil- 
lage, by the natural tendency to the new town across the 
river, and in 1810 a brick building was built for the uses of 
the church on a lot of land given by the Amoskeag Com- 
pany and situated on the corner of Manchester and Chest- 
nut streets. Thither the church removed in that year and 
voted to be known as the First Baptist Church in Manches- 
ter on the twenty-second of September. Elder Peacock, 
who had been dismissed from the pastorate of the church 
and left town in 1837, returned in 1812 and began preach- 
ing at Amoskeag village, the church in Manchester passing 
a vote in approval " of efforts of bi-ethren at Amoskeag to 



144 Manchester. 

sustain preaching there." September 25, 1842, about twen- 
ty persons were recognized at their request as the " Anios- 
keag branch of tlie Manchester Baptist church," and sup- 
ported services of their own at Amoskeag village. Edwin 
Baldwin was chosen their clerk, treasurer and deacon. 
Their pastor was Mr. Peacock, who left them in April, 
1842, and they voted, September 24, 1843, " to close up 
the meetings of the branch and unite with the Manchester 
church in worshipping the Lord." 

In 1838, the year after the first pastor, the Eev. John 
Peacock, was dismissed, the Rev. E. K. Bailey received and 
accepted a call. He was succeeded in 1842 by the Eev. 
James Upham, who was followed in order by the Rev. Jo- 
seph Storer, the Rev. Benjamin Brierly, who remained till 
1847, the Rev. Thomas 0. Lincoln, and the Rev. Isaac Saw- 
yer, whose resignation was accepted May 28, 1854. The 
Rev. Benjamin F. Hedden began his labors with the church 
October 8, 1854, and relinquished them in November, 1856. 
The Rev. George Pierce became pastor April 5, 1857, and 
remained such eight years, his resignation being accepted 
October 1, 1865. He was succeeded, March 21, 1866, by 
the Rev. N. C. Mallory, who remained till July 1, 1870. 
The present pastor, the Rev. A. C. Graves, was installed 
February 7, 1871. 

The Rev. Mr. Peacock, as has already been stated, was 
chosen the first clerk, being succeeded in 1837 by Andrew 
J. George. Two years later Henry Kimball was elected, 
and in 1840 Charles P. Crockett succeeded him. Upon 
the latter's dismissal, June 9, 1842, David P. Perkins was 
chosen clerk. The first volume of the records of the church 
after it came to Manchester is lost and there is therefore no 
indication of what the church did between 1842 and 1853. 
Tiie second volume begins December 26, 1853, with a rec- 
ord of the annual meeting of the church, at which Joseph 
E. Bennett was chosen clerk, and George M. Stevens treas- 



First Baptist Church. 145 

urer. In 1855 Benjamin Currier became treasurer. Al- 
though Mr. Bennett was clerk, George Kimball was chosen 
clerk pro tempore and kept the records from May, 1857, to 
January, 1859. In 1860 Benjamin Currier was chosen 
clerk, and John Paige treasurer. In 18G4 Mr. Currier was 
succeeded by the present clerk, Henry L. Kimball, the son 
of Henry Kimball who was clerk of the church in 1839 
while it was still at Amoskeag village. In 1866 Benjamin 
Currier was again elected treasurer and has held the office 
ever since. 

The first record of the choice of a deacon is found under 
date of January 3, 1836, when Daniel Gooden was elected. 
He was dismissed in 1845 to form with others the Second 
Baptist church. January 8, 1841, John Plumer and Charles 
P. Crockett were chosen, both being dismissed the next year. 
It would appear from the records that at the time the sec- 
ond volume was begun, in 1853, among the deacons were 
George M. Stevens and 0. B. Robinson, who were dis- 
missed in 1854, John Paige, who was dismissed in 1867, 
Joseph E. Bennett, who resigned in 1864, Benjamin Cur- 
rier, Ebenezer Clark, Daniel Balch and Trueworthy Blais- 
dell. Deacon Clark was dismissed in 1848 to join the Sec- 
ond church, but was in 1850 again received into the First. 
George Kimball and Seth J. Sanborn were added to the 
number January 3, 1858. The former resigned in 1866 and 
the latter was removed by death in 1872. April 4, 1866, 
James Baldwin and Orison Hardy were elected deacons. 
The church has a membership of three hundred and twen- 
ty-five, of whom about two hundred are resident ; there are 
three hundred and seventy-five in the Sunday school, which 
is under the charge of Henry H. Huse, the superintendent, 
and Francis A. Hawley, assistant superintendent. 

At the request of George A. Barnes and others a meet- 
ing was called, January 27, 1855, at Mr. Barnes's store, 
" to organize a society for the purpose of conducting the 



146 Manchester. 

financial interests of the First Baptist church in Manches- 
ter," A few articles of agreement were signed by George 
A. Barnes, Ebenezer Clark, E. B. Merrill and others. Jo- 
seph B. Clark was chosen clerk, and the society was organ- 
ized as the " First Ba])tist Religious Society of Manchester." 
At a meeting held February 19, a committee was chosen 
to prepare a proper constitution, which was reported and 
adopted February 2G, when the following officers were 
chosen : Otis Barton, president ; Joseph B. Clark, clerk ; 
Ebenezer Clark, treasurer ; Joseph E. Bennett, Orison 
Hardy, George A. Barnes, A. D. Burgess, Peter S. Brown, 
C. W. Baldwin, Charles Brown, directors. To this society 
the clnirch voted, March 15, 1865, to transfer its property. 
Josepli E. Bennett was elected president for 1856 and Jo- 
seph H. Feabody was elected treasurer. Mr. Clark contin- 
ued clerk till 1862. In 1857 Mr. Bennett was succeeded 
as president by Peter S. Brown, and he by Benjamin Cur- 
rier in 1858, when Orison Hardy became treasurer. The 
latter was treasurer also in 1860, Joseph B. Clark holding 
the office in 1859 and 1861. In the latter year Peter S. 
Brown was elected president, being re-elected the next 
year, when Daniel R. Prescott was chosen clerk, and Hen- 
ry R. Chamberlin treasurer, the latter holding his office 
till 1874. 

In 1863 Joseph E. Bennett was chosen president; in 
1864, Justin Spear ; and in 1865 there was no change. In 
1866 Orison Hardy was chosen president, and J. B. Pres- 
cott clerk. In 1869 Otis Barton succeeded Mr. Hardy, and 
in 1870 Frederick C. Dow took Mr. Prescott's place as clerk. 
There was no change till 1873, when Mr. Hardy again be- 
came president. The next year Mr. Dow became treasurer 
and Uriah A. Carswell was chosen clerk. Edson Hill suc- 
ceeded Mr. Hardy as president in 1875. The following 
have been members of the board of directors without l)C- 
ing elected to any other office, and so not mentioned above: 



First Freewill Baptist Church. 147 

E. B. Merrill, Charles Brown, John Paige, Ephraim S. Pea- 
body, Ruel Walker, S. C. Merrill, George Kimball, J. Si- 
mons, Setli J. Sanborn, Isaac Sanborn, James Baldwin, D_ 

F. Smith, John Hamilton, Cyrus Puffer, Lewis W. Clark, 
S. P. Duntley, Hiram Simpson, James K. Taylor, Storer 
Nason, James A. H. Grout, Jeremiah L. Fogg, J. Irving 
Whittemore, William H. Wilson, Francis A. Hawley, Sam- 
uel Martin, Henry H. Huse. 

July 5, 1870, (he society voted to repair its meeting- 
house at an expense of five thousand dollars, and three 
days later it was burned, being consumed by the great fire 
of Friday morning, July 8, 1870. The next day a meeting 
was held in the common-council room in the city hall and 
a committee appointed to devise plans for future action. 
Services were first held in Music hall (then the Elm-street 
Universalist society's meeting-house) and afterwards in 
Smyth's hall. Meanwhile, in accordance with a plan which 
had been proposed and adopted by the society, a new 
church was being built on the corner of Union and Con- 
cord streets, which was dedicated April 30, "1873, the soci- 
iety having previously held services in the vestry, which 
w^as first completed. The value of the church and land is 
set at seventy-five thousand dollars. 

FIRST FREEWILL BAPTIST CHURCH. 

Members of tlie Freewill Baptist denomination began 
holding meetings in Manchester in a school-house the last 
of the year 1838. Elder Lemuel Wliiting came from Low- 
ell once a fortnight and preached for several months. The 
Rev. John L. Sinclair came to this city in September of the 
next year and from his coming dated definite action. Tim- 
othy Foss, Winthrop James, Nehemiah Chase and others 
met at the house of Winthrop James, September 9, 1839, 
to consider the subject of forming a Freewill Bai)tist so- 



148 Manchester. 

ciety and building a meeting-house. Timothy Foss was 
chosen moderator, and Smiley Gordon clerk. A commit- 
tee was chosen to take the matter into consideration, and, 
September 13, a constitution was adopted and the society 
was organized as the First Freewill Baptist Society in Man- 
chester, and the first officers were chosen October 7, as 
follows : Timothy Foss, president ; Nehemiah Chase, vice- 
president ; Smiley Gordon, clerk and treasurer ; Ezra T. 
Rumery, David Ricker, Leonard Jackson, Henry D. Colby, 
Samuel A. Simpson, Francis H. Watson, Winthrop James, 
directors. Soon afterwards a few members of the society 
built a small hall on Concord street to rent to the society 
for a house of worship, and the latter used it as such till 
increasing numbers and strength encouraged them to build 
a meeting-house for themselves. In January, 1842, the 
Amoskeag Company gave them a lot of land on the north- 
east corner of Chestnut and Merrimack streets, and in the 
same year they built upon it the church which now stands 
there and forsook their first meeting-place, which has since 
been occupied by various societies, and, having been re- 
moved to Central street is now used for a store. In 1840 
the society elected the following officers : president, Leon- 
ard Jackson ; vice-president, Daniel Haines ; clerk and treas- 
urer. Smiley Gordon; directors, Jerome B. Rumery, David 
Ricker, Jehoah Tuttle, Timothy Foss, Ezra T. Rumery, 
Samuel A. Simpson, Nehemiah Colby. 

January 11, 1841, Smiley Gordon resigned as clerk and 
treasurer and the Rev. John L. Sinclair, the pastor, was 
chosen to fill the place. March 31, 1841, members of the 
society met and formed a legally incorporated society un- 
der the same name. They adopted a new constitution April 
19 and chose, as president, Leonard Jackson ; vice presi- 
dent, Albert B. Chamberlin ; secretary, John L. Sinclair ; 
treasurer, Jerome B. Rumery ; prudential committee, Dan- 
iel Haines, David Ricker, Francis H. Watson. The first 



First Freewill Baptist Church. 149 

annual election under the new constitution was held in De- 
cember of that year, when Leonard Jackson was re-elected 
president, continuing to hold that office till 1848 ; Lib- 
erty Raymond was chosen vice-president ; A. B. Chamber- 
lin, clerk and treasurer; Alpha Currier, Henry D. Colby, 
Ebenezer P. Sawin, prudential committee. The next year 
Jerome B. Rumery was chosen vice-president, and Daniel 
Haines, Stevens James and Timothy Foss, prudential com- 
mittee. Li April, 1843, Joseph L. Ames was chosen clerk 
and treasurer. At the election in December, 1843, Daniel 
Haines was chosen vice-president ; Henry D. Coll)y, treas- 
urer ; Edson Hill, Jeremiah Wheeler and Daniel Haines, 
prudential committee. In 1844 Joseph Knowlton was 
elected treasurer, and Leonard Jackson, Stevens James 
and Liberty Raymond, prudential committee. In 1845 
Jeremiah B. Hoitt was elected secretary ; John S. Folsom, 
treasurer ; John S. Folsom, Joseph D. Emerson, Andrew J. 
Butterfield, prudential committee. In 1846 Hiram W. Sa- 
vory succeeded Mr. Folsom as treasurer, while Andrew J. 
Butterfield, Samuel Page and Joseph Fogg were chosen 
prudential committee. In 1847 the offices of secretary and 
treasurer were combined in Jeremiah B. Hoitt, and the 
prudential committee consisted of Daniel Haines, Osgood 
Paige and Jonathan Smith. 

In 1848 Samuel Gould became president; Hiram W. Sa- 
vory, vice-president; J. B. Hoitt, secretary ; Daniel Haines, 
treasurer; Liberty Raymond, H. W. Savory, Osgood Paige, 
prudential committee. In 1849 H. W. Savory was chosen 
president ; L. P. Ware, vice-president ; J. B. Hoitt, secre- 
tary and treasurer; John S. Folsom, David Ricker and Ste- 
vens James, prudential committee. In 1850 J. S. Harri- 
man was elected to succeed Mr. Hoitt as secretary and- 
treasurer, and Danier Haines, Liberty Raymond and Ste- 
vens James were chosen prudential committee. In 1851 
Samuel Gould was elected president ; H. W. Savory, vice- 



150 Manchester. 

president; J. S, Harriman, secretary; Liberty Raymond, 
treasurer; John S. Folsom, Samuel Gould, James M. Berry, 
prudential committee. In 1852 these were re-elected, and 
in 1853 Justin Spear succeeded Mr. Harriman as secretary, 
and James M. Bean was chosen to take Mr. Raymond's 
office. In 1854 John W. Severance was chosen })resident ; 
William B. Dana, vice-president; S. P. Chase, secretary; 
James M. Bean, treasurer ; H. W. Savory, Justin Spear, 
Jonathan Horn, prudential committee. In April of the 
next year Samuel Gould succeeded Mr. Chase as secretary. 
The annual meeting, which had hitherto been held in De- 
cember, was now held in January and the officers for 1856 
were : president, John W. Severance ; vice-president, W. 
B. Dana ; secretary, Silas Hamilton ; treasurer, Jefferson 
Knowles ; prudential committee, James M. Bean, John S. 
Folsom, W. B. Dana. These were re-elected tiie next year. 
In 1858 W. B. Dana was chosen president, and J. S. Harri- 
man, vice president, George W. Quinby succeeding Mr. 
Folsom as a member of the prudential committee. H. W. 
Savory was elected to the office of treasurer in April. The 
last election was held in 1859, when Jacob Clark was chosen 
president; J. B. Daniels, vice-president; Jacob Clark, M. 
E. George, A. J. Butterfield, prudential committee. 

November 14, 1839, a meeting was held at the hall of 
the Freewill Baptist society by those who were interested in 
forming a church, the Rev. John L. Sinclair presiding. A 
committee, consisting of John L. Sinclair, Leonard Jack- 
son and Nehcmiah Chase, was chosen to report articles of 
faith. Another meeting was held two days later, when a 
covenant was adopted, the church was organized and the 
Rev. John L. Sinclair was chosen its fust pastor. He was 
"dismissed, March 4, 1843, and the Rev. Daniel V. Cilley 
was chosen in his place. Alter a pastorate of seven years 
he resigned, April 1, 1850, and the Rev. Joseph B. Davis 
succeeded him. He left in September, 1855, and the Rev. 



First Freewill Baptist Church. 151 

F. W, Straight was cliosen pastor on the first of Deceml)er 
of that year. Mr. Straight left in the summer or fall of 
18o7, after which H. F. Snow supplied the pulpit till June 
10, 18 ')8, when he was ordained. The Rev. J. M, Bailey 
began liis labors March ol, 1859, and continued with tlic 
ehni'ch till the sej)aration in the fall, mentioned below, be- 
coming pastor of the Pine-street church in December. 

The first clerk of the church was David Ricker, who was 
succeeded in 1840 by Leonard Jackson. Neither of them 
performed the duties of the oftice, and the Rev. John L. Sin- 
clair, who had kept the records from tl;e first, was chosen 
clerk in 1842. He was succeeded in January, 1843, by J. 
B. Rumery, who served till 1845, when Daniel Haines, who 
had been made treasurer the year before, was chosen clerk. 
In 1849 Hiram W. Savory was elected clerk and treasurer, 
being succeeded by Joseph C. Dyer in May, 1855, who re- 
tained the office till September, when Charles W. Eaton 
was chosen. In 1856 Samuel Gould succeeded him, and 
in 1857 George S. Ho'mes was chosen, who kept the rec- 
ords up to the dissolution of the church. Timothy Foss 
and Daniel Haines were chosen deacons, October 2, 1840 ; 
Osgood Paige, May 25, 1844 ; Samuel Lougce, Charles F. 
Stanton and Moses S. Boynton, March 10,1849; Samuel 
Gould, Liberty Raymond and Hiram W. Savory, January 
11, 1854 ; J. W. Severance, Septeml)er 26, 1855 ; Jonathan 
J. Straw, August 12, 1857. 

The society, which had become embarrassed by lack of 
funds, conveyed its property, January 28, 1859, to the 
" Union Association," an organization of members of the 
society, and thus obtained money to discharge its obliga- 
tions. This association exchanged in the fall their meet- 
ing-house for the one then owned by the First Unitarian 
society and which stands on the corner of Pine and Merri- 
mack streets, and the Freewill Baptist society, which had 
been hiring the old house of this association, voted, De- 



152 Manchester. 

cember 16, 1859, to use the one obtained of the Unitarians. 
This is the last record of the First Freewill Baptist society. 
The church connected with it voted, August 27, 1859, the 
record asserts, to disband, and though the church after- 
wards known as the Ehn-street, and now as the Merri- 
mack-strect Freewill Baptist church, has proven that the 
meeting at which the church is alleged to have been dis- 
solved was an illegal one and has established before the 
Rockingham Quarterly Conference, to which it belongs, i'ts 
right to the title of the First Freewill Baptist Church, it 
has never seen fit to adopt it since it assumed a different 
name. Trouble arose in the fall of 1859 and a separation 
took place, a part, consisting mostly of members of the 
church and retaining the church records, going to a church 
on Elm street and being organized, January 11, 1860, as 
the Elm-street Freewill Baptist Church, and the rest, in- 
cluding a majority of the society and keeping the society 
records, moving to the old Unitarian chapel and being 
formed, December 21, 1859, into the Fine-street Freewill 
Baptist Church. An ineffectual attempt to unite them was 
made in 1871. 

ST, Paul's methodist episcopal church. 

The Methodists had been the first to own a meeting- 
house in the original town of Manchester, having built one 
in 1829 at the original centre of business and population. 
And ten years later, when the manufacturing industries 
had made the town anew and moved the point around 
which the city was to crystallize westward to the river, 
the Methodists were on the spot and were supporting occa- 
sional preaching. At length the Second Methodist Episco- 
pal Church was organized, December 16, 1839, and in June 
of the next year the Rev. John Jones was appointed pas- 
tor. In that year they built a chapel on the corner of Han- 



St. Paul's Methodist Episcopal Church. 153 

over and Chestnut streets, where the residence of the Hon. 
Nathan Parker now stands, and worshiped there till 1843, 
when, having outgrown it, they sold it to the First Unita- 
rian society, who moved it to the corner of Pine and Mer- 
rimack streets. To take its place they built the brick 
church on Elm street, between Market and Merrimack, 
which afterwards passed out of their hands, they retaining 
a lease of the property. Upon their removal to Elm street, 
they assumed the name of the Elm-street Methodist Epis- 
copal church. • 

In 1855 twenty-three members left it and were organized 
on the nineteenth of May of that year as the North Elm- 
street Methodist Episcopal church. Their first pastor was 
the Rev. Elisha Adams, who was stationed in 1853 and 
1854 over the church out of which this was formed. He 
remained but part of one year and the Rev. C. N. Smith 
filled out his term. The latter was succeeded by the Rev. 
George W. H. Clark, who was the pastor in 1856 and 1857. 
The next year the Rev. Charles Young was appointed and 
continued through 3 858 and 1859. The Rev. George S. 
Dearborn was pastor in 1860 and a part of 1861, the Rev. 
Mr. Owens filling out the year, remaining till the union of 
this with the parent church in 1862. They held services 
in Smyth's liall and the city hall. 

" It had long been thought," writes the RevAl. M. Buck- 
ley, pastor of the Elm-street church in 1861, in recording 
its consolidation with the seceding church, " that a union of 
the two churches was desirable, and the attempt had been 
made to form it, but from various causes it had failed. 
About the time of the assembling of the New Hampshire 
Annual Conference, April, 1862, the depression of business 
in the city and the consequent reduction in the numbers 
and funds of the societies, which was increased by the de- 
parture of between thirty and forty members of the church 

10 



154 Manchester. 

for the seat of war, rendered it obvious that the time had 
come when the interests of both societies would be pro- 
moted by their consolidation into one. Members of both 
churches assembled in the Elm-street vestry on Monday 
evening, April 7, 1862, there being present twenty-one of 
the Elm-street and eighteen of the North Elm-street church. 
The Rev. J. M. Buckley of the former church was chosen 
chairman, and Nathaniel Herrick of the latter, secretary. 
A proposition was then brought before the convention to 
dissolve the present organization and form out of the whole 
number of members of both churches a new churcli and 
society upon an equal basis. This proposition, being placed 
in the form of a resolution, was adopted by a vote of thirty- 
nine, which included the entire delegation of both churches 
present." 

The Rev. Osmon C. Baker, then bishop, recognized the 
union at the Conference then in session at Sanbornton 
Bridge, named the new organization St. Paul's Methodist 
Episcopal Church of Manchester, stationed over it the Rev. 
J. M. Buckley, and, in conjunction with the Rev. James 
Pike, then presiding elder of the district, appointed the 
following trustees to manage the affairs of the church : 
Nathaniel Herrick, Waldo Wliitney, Henjamin H. Piper, 
James Mitchell, jr., Hilas Dickey, Levi H. Sleeper, E.W. 
Copp, Artemas Jackson, E. W. Bartlett. To these trustees 
was conveyed the property of the Elm-street church. The 
present church has a membership of four hundred and 
thirty, and the Sunday-school connected with it numbers 
five hundred and seventy-five. Of the latter Joseph A. 
Foster is superintendent, and R. M. Couch assistant super- 
intendent. 



Grace Church. 155 

The following have been tlie pastors of the church from 
its formation as the Second church to the present time : 

1840. John Jones. 1853-4. Elisha Adams. 

1841. Silas Greene. 1855-6. Henry H. Ilartwell. 

1842. Elihu Scott. 1857. Richard S. Rust. 
1843-4. James W. Morey. 1858-9. llenrv Hill. 
1845. Osmon C. Baker. 1860. John Currier. 
1846-7. John Jones. 1861-2. James M. Buckley. 

1848. Samuel Kelly. 1863-4. Jonathan Hall. 

1849. Lorenzo D. Barrows. 1865-6. William H. Thomas. 

1850. Charles N. Smith. 1867. Hiram L. Kelsey. 

1851. Silas Quimby. 1868-9. Daniel C. Babcock. 

1852. Justin Spalding. 1870-1-2. E. A. Smith. 

1873-4. James Pike. 



GRACE CHURCH. 

In June, 1841, a desire having been expressed to the 
diocese of New Hampshire that Episcopal services might 
be held in Manchester, the Rev. P. S. Ten Broeck of St. 
Paul's church, Concord, performed services in the old high- 
school-house on Lowell street on the second Sunday of the 
following July. These services were followed during that 
month and the next by others held in the same place and 
conducted by the Rev. Theodore Edson of Lowell, Mass. 

The first meeting with reference to a church was held 
July 19, at the residence of William A. Burke, when a 
committee, consisting of John A. Burnham, William A. 
Burke, Henry C. Gillis, B. F. Hathorne and Samuel P. 
Greeley, was appointed to take the matter into considera- 
tion. They subsequently made a report which was unfavor- 
able to immediate action. After July there were no ser- 
vices till the third of October, when they were resumed in 
a room called "Chapel hall," in LTnion building on the 
southern corner of FAm and Market streets. The Rev. 
Edward Livermore was the first to officiate, being followed 
in October and November l)y the Rev. Moses B. Chase of 
Hopkinton, the Rev. A. McCoy of Lowell, Mass., the Rev. 



156 Manchester. 

Theodore W. Snow of Roxbury, Mass., and the Rev. Fer- 
dinand Putnam of Methuen, Mass. Near the close of No- 
vember the Rev. William H. Moore of New York city, a 
recent graduate of the General Theological Seminary, vis- 
ited Manchester by invitation and officiated on the twenty- 
eighth in the hall in Union building. The attendance be- 
ing encouraging, an invitation was extended to all who 
wished to form a church after Protestant Episcopal usage, 
to meet the next Monday evening, November 29, 1841, at 
the same place. A number of gentlemen met at that time, 
organized a church to be known as St. Michael's, and elected 
the following officers : William A. Burke, senior warden ; 
John S. T. Gushing, junior warden ; J. Appleton Burnham, 
Oliver W. Bayley, Robert Read, Henry C. Gillis, vestry- 
men ; Samuel F. Wetmore, secretary. Robert Read subse- 
quently declined to serve, and Samuel P. Greeley was 
chosen in his stead. The gentlemen present at the meet- 
ing were the Rev. William H. Moore, J. Apj)leton Burn- 
ham, William A. Burke, John S. T. Gushing, Henry G. Gil- 
lis, Samuel P. Greeley, Samuel F. Wetmore, Daniel Sav- 
age, Gharles D. Horr, John M. Hyland. A constitution and 
by-laws were subsequently adopted. 

At the annual meeting at Easter in 1842, Daniel Savage 
was elected one of the vestry in place of Mr. Gillis. The 
next year Mr. Greeley was succeeded by Samuel F. Wet- 
more and William B. Webster was chosen secretary in Mr. 
Wctmore's place. In 1844 Joshua M. House and George 
T. Clark were elected vestrymen to succeed Messrs. Sav- 
age and Wetmore. In 1845 John S. T. Gushing and Sam- 
uel F. Wetmore were elected wardens; John A. Burnham, 
Oliver W. Bayley, George T. Glark and Thomas R. Crosby, 
vestrymen. In 1846 Mr. Wetmore was succeeded by T. 
Wiggin Little, and in 1847 Mr. Glark by Thomas Hoyt. 
In October, 1847, Mr. Burnham resigned and S. L. Wilson 
was chosen in his stead. In 1848 Oliver W. Bayley and 



Grace Church. 157 

Charles T. Durgiii were elected wardens ; Thomas R. Cros- 
by, S. L. Wilson, William A. Putney and Thomas D. Brad- 
ley, vestrymen. In October James Collins was chosen to 
take Mr. Bradley's place. 

In 1849 John S. T. Cushing and David Ames were 
elected wardens ; Oliver W. Bayley, James Collins, Caleb 
Duxbury and T. Wiggin Little, vestrymen. These were 
re-elected at the annual meeting of 1850, but in November 
Mr. Cushing was succeeded by S. L. Wilson. In 1851 
Davis Baker was elected a warden to succeed Mr. Ames, 
and Charles T. Durgin was chosen a vestryman to succeed 
Mr. Collins. These continued in office through the next 
three years, except that Mr. Baker was succeeded in 1853 
by William Langford, and Mr. Wilson in 1854 by R. H. 
French. Joel Taylor took the latter's place the next year, 
and Mr. Langford resigning soon after, William C. Young 
was chosen to fill the vacancy. In 1856 Justus D. Watson 
succeeded Mr. Duxbury and George L. Andrews was chosen 
secretary, the latter being also chosen warden the next year 
in Mr. Young's stead. 

In 1858 Mace Moulton and Justus D. Watson were 
elected wardens ; Thomas Hoyt, T. Wiggin Little, Davis 
Baker, Joel Taylor, Andrew G. Tucker and Charles Wells, 
vestrymen; Justus D. Watson, secretary. In 1859 Mr. 
Little was elected warden to succeed Mr. Moulton, and 
William B. Webster and George A. French took the place 
of Messrs. Little and Taylor in the vestry. These were 
re-elected in 1800 and George A. French was chosen sec- 
retary in place of Mr. Watson. There is no record of an 
election in 1861. 

By an act of the legislature, passed at the June session of 
1861 and accepted by the parish June 2, 1862, the name of 
" St. Michael's " was exchanged for " Grace," and the lat- 
ter's records begin in 1862, when Joel Taylor and James 
E. Pollard were elected wardens ; William B. Webster, 



158 Manchester. 

Thomas Hoyt, Justus D. Watson, J. B. Bradley, vestry- 
meu ; T. W. Little, clerk. In 1863 William B. Webster 
succeeded Mr. Pollard as warden and John Truesdale and 

A. A. Dunk took the places of Messrs. Webster and Iloyt 
among the vestrymen. In 1864 Messrs. AVatson and Brad- 
ley were succeeded as vestrymen by James McEvoy and G. 
W. Stratton, and Horatio Fradd was chosen clerk. There 
was no change in 1865, and in 1866 L. B. How was elected 
warden to succeed Mr. Webster. 

In 1867 John Cayzer was chosen w-arden in place of Mr. 
How ; John Truesdale, Benjamin F. Martin, William L. 
Killey, J. B. Bradley and George A. French were chosen 
vestrymen ; and Horatio Fradd continued as clerk. In 
1868 the places of Messrs. Killey and Bradley in the vestry 
were filled by the election of James M. Varnum and D. P. 
Hadley. In 1869 William B. Webster was choi^en to suc- 
ceed Joel Taylor as warden and there has since been no 
change in that office ; Lucien B. Clough was chosen a 
vestryman to succeed Mr. Truesdale. In 1870 Martin V. 

B. Edgerly took Mr. Varnum's place in the vestry and 
Charles H. Hill w^as chosen clerk. There was no change 
in 1871. In 1872 Charles Wells was elected a vestryman 
in place of Mr. Clough. the latter being chosen clerk the 
next year and Mr. Wells being then succeeded by A. H. 
Sanborn, all the officers being re-elected in 1874. 

A house on Concord street which liad been built and 
used by the First Freewill Baptist society was hired and 
fitted becomingly, and the congregation removed thither in 
June, 1842. There they remained till they outgrew the 
place and an effort was made to build a church. By the 
exertions of the congregation, donations from abroad and 
the gift of a lot of land from the Amoskeng Company, sit- 
uated on the northwest corner of Lowell and Pine streets, 
this purpose was accomplished, and the new church was 
consecrated December 28, 1843, by the Right Reverend 



First Unitarian Church. 159 

Mantoii Eastbiini of tl^e diocese of Massachusetts. This 
house was of wood aud was displaced by the present one of 
stone, which was consecrated December 4, 1860. The old 
one was cut in two and moved, one half to the south side 
of Merrimack street, between Beech and Maple, where it 
now stands, and the other half to Hanover street, to be 
burned in the fire of 1870. The real estate, including the 
parsonage, is valued at fifty thousand dollars. The system 
of free seats was adopted at Easter, 1864. 

The first rector was the Rev. William H. Moore, who en- 
tered upon his duties December 25, 1840. Want of health 
compelled his resignation, April 23, 1848, and he was suc- 
ceeded, June 18, 1848, by the Rev. John Kelly, a gradu- 
ate of Trinity college, Hartford, Conn., who remained till 
April 1, 1852. The Rev. I. G. Hubbard, the next incum- 
bent, took charge of the parisli May 16, 1852, but he was 
forced to resign at Easter, 1866, by physical infirmity. 
During his rectorship the parsonage, on the nortlieast cor- 
ner of Pine and Orange streets, was built. He was suc- 
ceeded, June 3, 1866, by the Rev. William J. Harris, who 
remained till January 1, 1869, being followed in November 
of that year by the present rector, the Rev. Lorenzo Sears. 
The church has a membership of one hundred and forty, 
and the Sunday-school connected with it, of which the rec- 
tor is the superintendent, has a hundred members. * 

FIRST UNITARIAN CHURCH. 

The first preaching in this city of the doctrine belonging 
to the Unitariau faith was given in March, 1841, by the 
Rev. S. Osgood, then of Nashua, when a considerable num- 
ber of persons united in a subscription for the support of 
religious services, which were continued about four months. 
On account of the unfavorable situation of the rooms which 
were obtained for services, it was thought best to suspend 



160 Manchester. 

them till the town hall was finished, and then, in March, 
1842, they were resumed. The Rev, Charles Briggs, the 
agent of the American Unitarian Association, preached the 
first Sunday and the Rev. Oliver H. Wellington continued 
services through the month of April. 

"April 24, 1842, at a meeting of those persons who were 
interested in the support of Unitarian preaching in the 
town of Manchester, held at the house of William Shep- 
herd, John D. Kimball was chosen chairman and E. A. 
Straw, secretary. There were also present James May, M. 
G. J. Tewksbury, William Shepherd, James McKeen Wil- 
kins, H. F. Richardson, B. F. Osgood, Edwin Bodwell, 
Herman Foster and J. H. Kimball." E. A. Straw and 
Daniel Clark were chosen a committee to draft a constitu- 
tion and by-laws, which were adopted at a meeting held on 
the twenty-seventh of April, when E. A. Straw was chosen 
clerk and treasurer of the society. May 1, J. D. Kimball 
was chosen president, and William Shepherd and B. F. Man- 
ning, directors. These continued in office till 1847, except 
that Mr. Straw was succeeded as clerk and treasurer, No- 
vember 11, 1844, by Isaiah Winch, and he, March 22, 1845, 
by Charles F. Warren. 

In 1847 Richard H. Ayer was elected president ; Wil- 
liam Shepherd and George Hall, directors ; and A. G. 
Tucker, clerk and treasurer. The latter was succeeded 
the next year by F. A. Hussey ; in 1849 Luther Farley 
took Mr. Hall's place as a director ; and B. F. Manning 
was chosen, September 9, 1849, clerk and treasurer. In 
1850 Daniel Clark was chosen president ; William Shep- 
herd and Samuel H. Price, directors ; F. A. Hussey, clerk 
and treasurer. Messrs. Shepherd and Price were succeeded 
the next year by John H. Moore and Frank A. Brown, and 
Mr. Hussey by Charles L. Richardson. E. A. Straw be^ 
came president in 1853 ; Daniel Clark became a director 
in 1854 in place of Mr. Brown ; in 1855 Samuel P. Jack- 



First Unitarian Church. 161 

son succeeded to Mr. Moore's place, himself being followed 
in October by F. A. Brown. 

In 1857 A. W. Sargent was elected president; Daniel 
Clark and F. A. Brown, directors; A. P. Gilson, clerk and 
treasurer. In 1858 F. A. Brown became president, and 
Charles F. Warren and Charles L. Richardson, directors. 
In 1859 Moody Currier was elected president, and William 
A. Webster, clerk and treasurer. The next year J. B. 
Chase and R. N. Batchelder were added to the board of 
directors. In 1861 Samuel Webber became president ; 
John Hosley and George W. Thayer succeeded Messrs. 
Warren and Richardson as directors ; and Isaac W. Far- 
mer was elected clerk and treasurer. In 1862 Edwin P. 
Richardson and Moses W. Oliver were chosen directors in 
place of Messrs. Chase and Batchelder. In 1863 Herman 
Foster was elected president ; Moses W. Oliver, Moody 
Currier, George G. Shute and Emil Caster, directors. The 
next year David B. Varney was chosen a director to suc- 
ceed Mr. Shute, and Jam'es B. Straw, clerk and treasurer, 
to succeed Mr. Farmer. In 1865 Moody Currier became 
president, and Thomas R. Hubbard and John Brugger took 
the place of Messrs. Currier and Custer as directors. 

In 1866 John L. Kelly was elected president ; Alfred F. 
Perry, Horatio H. Ladd, George W. Weeks and Noah S. 
Clark, directors ; and the next year Mr. Straw was suc- 
ceeded as clerk and treasurer by Horace M. Gillis. In 
1868 Albert Mallard became president ; George B. Chand- 
ler, J. M. Howe, Person C. Cheney and Henry A. Farring- 
ton, directors ; and George W. Weeks was chosen clerk 
and treasurer the next year. In 1870 Clinton W. Stanley 
was elected president; David B. Varney, Nathaniel W. Cum- 
ner, Abraham P. Olzendam and E. M. Tubbs, directors ; 
and in 1871 Charles L. Richardson became clerk and treas- 
urer. There was no change in 1872, but in 1878 Person 
C. Cheney was chosen president ; William Perivins, George 



162 Manchester, 

F. Judkins, John M. Chandler and John Gillis, directors ; 
Henry A. Farrington, clerk and treasurer. In 1874 George 
W. Weeks was elected president ; Emil Custer, John M. 
Chandler, Joseph L. Stevens and George H. True, direct- 
ors ; Henry A. Farrington, clerk and treasurer. These 
were re-elected in 1875. 

On the afternoon of July 19, 1842, the day on which the 
first pastor, Mr. Wellington, was ordained, " according to 
appointment a discourse was delivered by the Rev. William 
H. Channing of Nashua, before an assembly met for the 
purpose of organizing a church. After the discourse, the 
covenant agreed upon and the names of those who had 
signed it was read and a declaration made that by this act 
of faith a new branch of the church of Christ was now 
planted. The members of the church from this and other 
societies then partook of the Lord's Supper." The names 
of the signers of the covenant are these : Benjamin F. Os- 
good, S. Manning, Esther Parker, Melinda Osgood, Mehit- 
able Eastman, Oliver H. Wellington, C. A. K. Wellington, 
Susan Manning, John Caldwell and H. M. A. Foster. The 
pastors acted as clerks of the church. September 26, 1852, 
during Mr. Fuller's ministry, A. W. Sargent and Thomas 
Ordway were chosen deacons, and Charles Aldrich and 
Isaac W. Farmer were subsequently elected to that office. 

The first pastor of the society was Oliver H. Wellington, 
who was ordained July 19, 1842, by a council which met at 
the Manchester House. The pastors of all the churches 
in the city were invited to be present and assist in the ser- 
vices, but all of them, except the pastor of the Universalist 
church, declined. Mr. Wellington's labors with the soci- 
ety ceased April 1. 1844, and he was succeeded by the 
Rev. A. Dumont Jones, who was installed July 10, 1844, 
his connection with the parish ceasing at the end of March, 
1845. " At the close of Mr. Jones's ministry the society 
found itself enfeebled and remained destitute of a pastor. 



First Unitarian Church. 163 

its pulpit, however, being generally supplied by various 
clergymen. For sonic eight or ten Sundays the Rev. Mr. 
Gage, formerly of Nashua, preached to good acceptance. 
Mr. Edward Capen was likewise engaged subsequently for 
an equal length of time, but this was the nearest approach 
to a permanent ministry till the latter part of December, 
1846, when the Rev. M. I. Motte, formerly of Boston, was 
engaged to preach for one year. * * * * While 
the city, however, had increased to a population of fourteen 
thousand in the brief period since its founding, it being 
only nine years since one house alone could be found in 
the place, yet the society had not increased, but was found 
feeble and in debt at the close of Mr. Motte's engagement. 
A motion was made to dissolve the society, which was, 
hoAvever, negatived and it was resolved that another effort 
should be made." Arthur B. Fuller, a brother of the cel- 
ebrated Margaret Fuller, the Countess D'Ossoli, then a re- 
cent graduate of the divinity school, accepted a call and 
was ordained March 29, 1848, remaining with the society 
till June 1, 1853. 

The next pastor was the Rev. Francis LeBarron, who 
took charge of the society without a formal installation, 
August, 1853. His resignation was accepted October 14, 
1855. " At the close of his ministry the society was for 
several months without a pastor, unable to settle upon any 
of the many candidates they heard. The Sunday-school 
was reduced to one class, wliich was taught through the 
winter of 1855-56 by Miss Susan Manning. Still preach- 
ing was maintained and the society kept out of debt." 

William L. Gage was ordained June 25, 1856, resign- 
ing the first Sunday in April, 1858, and being succeeded by 
the Rev. Sylvan S. riunting, who was installed September 
29, 1858, and left about November, 1861. A. W. Stevens 
was ordained November 5, 1862, and left the society the 
last of October, 1865. The Rev. Augustus M. Haskell was 



164 Manchester. 

his successor, being installed September 12, 1866, and re- 
signing March 30, 1869. The Rev. Charles B. Ferry was 
installed December 9, 1869, and took his departure in the 
summer of 1874. The Rev. Henry Powers began his lor 
bors with the society November 1, 1874, declining a formal 
installation. 

The society's first place of worship, after it left the city 
hall, was a small wooden chapel built in 1841 on the cor- 
ner of Hanover and Chestnut streets, where Natlian Par- 
ker's house now stands, by the Second Methodist Episcopal 
society. In 1843 when the Methodists built their brick 
church on Elm street, they leased this chapel to the Unita- 
rians at an annual rent of six per cent, upon its cost, and 
Mr. Wellington first preached in it July 2, 1843. That 
month, however, the society bought it and moved it to a lot 
on the corner of Merrimack and Pine streets, the gift of 
the Amoskeag Company, and enlarged it. During Mr. 
Fuller's ministry the capacity of flie chapel was still far- 
ther increased and its appearance improved. 

In 1852 the Hon. Richard H. Ayer left the society in 
his will a house on the corner of Chestnut and Central 
streets, which was used subsequently for a parsonage and 
sold in 1864 to John Ryan. About this time a new church 
was talked of and the lot on the corner of Elm and Bridge 
streets was one of the sites proposed, but the idea was 
given up. In 1859 the society exchanged its house for the 
one built by the First Freewill Baptist society on the corner 
of Chestnut and Merrimack streets, then in the hands of a 
"Union Association," giving them three thousand five hun- 
dred dollars besides. This they sold in 1871 to Col. 
Waterman Smith, and in 1872 they dedicated a new house 
of worship on the corner of Beccii and Concord streets. 
This, with the lot on which it stands, is valued at forty 
thousand dollars. A large congregation worships there, 
and the Sunday-school, of which George W. Weeks is su- 
perintendent, has one hundred and fifty members. 



Franklin-Street Church. 165 

franklin-street church. 

After the annual meeting, April 27, 1844, of the " First 
Congregational society in Amoskeag village," by which 
name the First Congregational or Hanover-street society 
was still known, was dismissed, William G. Means called 
to order those who remained and a resolution which de- 
/clared the formation of a second society advisable was of- 
fered and discussed. Another meeting was held on the 
third of May, when a committee, consisting of the Rev. 
C. W. Wallace, Asa 0. Colby, Abram Brigham, Andrew 
Moody and William G. Means, which had been appointed 
to make farther inquiries, reported in favor of the plan and 
the resolution of the previous meeting was passed. May 7, 
a constitution was adopted and signed by sixteen individu- 
als and the Second Congregational society of Manchester 
was thus formed. 

The first officers were: Josiah Crosby, president; Abram 
Brigham, clerk and treasurer ; William C. Clarke, Thomas 
Carleton, Walter T. Jaquith, directors. These were re- 
elected the next year. In 1846 Joseph E. Smith and 
George T. Mixer succeeded Messrs. Carleton and Jaquith 
as directors. In 1847 the president was David Brigham ; 
clerk and treasurer, Abram Brigham ; directors, George 
T. Mixer, Aldus M. Chapin, Albe C. Heath. In 1848 Asa 
0. Colby became president, and Messrs. Mixer and Heath 
were succeeded as directors by David Gillis and William 
W. Brown. In 1849 William C. Clarke and William Rich- 
ardson were chosen directors in place of Messrs. Brown 
and Chapin. The next year Josiah Crosby was again 
chosen president and the rest were re-elected. These con- 
tinued in office till 1855 with hardly a change, Plunehas 
Adams being chosen in 1852 to succeed Mr. Gillis, and A. 
M. Chapin in 1854 to take Mr. Richardson's place. In 
1855 William W. Brown was made president ; William ('. 
Clarke, David J. Clark and Reuben Dodge, directors. 



166 Manchester, 

The next year Frederick Smyth became president, Ephra- 
im Corey took Mr. Clarke's place among the directors, and 
Abram Brigham, who had been clerk and treasurer of the 
society from its formation, resigned and his place was filled 
by Albert H. Daniels. In 1857 Isaac W. Smith, Alfred G. 
Fairbanks and Abram Robertson were elected as the board 
of directors. In 1858 Josiah Crosby was again chosen pres- 
ident ; the offices of clerk and treasurer were separated, 
Francis B. Eaton being chosen as the former and Frederick 
Smyth as the latter ; and Albert H. Daniels, David Gillis 
and William C. Clarke were chosen directors. The next 
year Albert H. Daniels succeeded Mr, Smyth as treasurer, 
and John M. Harvey took Mr. Daniels's place among the 
directors. In 1860 George S. Neal was chosen a director 
in place of David Gillis, and there was no change the next 
year. In 1862 Charles Morrill and Samuel Upton were 
elected directors in place of Messrs. Harvey and Neal, and 
the two next elections made no change except that Mr. Dan- 
iels was succeeded as treasurer by Isaac W. Smith in 1864. 

In 1865 John M. Ordway was chosen president ; Albert 
H, Daniels, clerk; Isaac W. Smith, treasurer ; Samuel Up- 
ton, A. M. Chapin and J. S. Sanborn, directors. In 1866 
Robert M. Shirley succeeded Mr. Sanborn as director, and 
in 1867 William W. Brown took Mr. Ordway's place as 
president. In 1868 William W. Brown was president ; 
Daniel C. Gould, jr., clerk ; Marshall P. Hall, treasurer ; 
Samuel Upton, Albert H. Daniels and George W. Dodge, 
directors. In 1869 William P. Newell and Alden W. San- 
born succeeded Messrs. Daniels and Dodge as directors, 
and James A. Weston was chosen treasurer and has been 
annually re-elected since. In 1870 Isaac W. Smitli was 
chosen president and John M. Hill became a director in 
place of Samuel Upton. The next year Mr. Sanborn was 
succeeded l)y David Cross, and in 1872 John B. Clarke suc- 
ceeded Mr. Newell, and Marshall P. Hall was chosen clerk. 



Franklin-Street Church. 167 

In 1873 there was no change and in 1874 George W. Rid- 
dle was elected a director in place of Mr. Hill. The legis- 
lature, at the June session of 1859, passed an act author- 
izing the society, which had built some years previously a 
house of worship on Franklin street, to assume the name 
of the Franklin-street society and the society voted on the 
twenty-fifth of April of the next year to accept the act. 

Their first religious services were held in the town hall 
on the first Sunday in June, 1844. There they worshiped 
till the burning of the town bouse on the twelfth of Au- 
gust, when they removed to a chapel on Concord street 
which had been first used by the First Freewill Baptist so- 
ciety and then by St. Michael's (now Grace) churcli, but 
was at this time vacant. In December they took posses- 
sion of the hall in Patten's block and worshiped there till 
the completion of the new town house in 1845. This they 
occupied till the completion of their present church on the 
southeast corner of Franklin and Market streets, which was 
dedicated December 22, 1847. 

On the twentieth of May, 1844, a committee had been 
appointed to consider the expediency of organizing a church 
in connection with this society, and on the twenty-seventh 
of June the Second Congregational church was formed by a 
council which met at the house of the Rev. C. W. Wallace, 
then pastor of the First church. The following persons 
united in its formation : Mr. and Mrs. Henry Lancaster, 
Mrs. Elizabeth Gordon, Mr. and Mrs. Richard Trow, Mr. 
and Mrs. Asa 0. Colby, Miss Abby S. Robertson, all of the 
First churcli ; Miss Mary Libbey and Mrs. Susan H. Moody 
of a church in Lowell, Mass. ; Elizabeth Page and Mary 
Emerson of the church at Goffstown ; Ira Merrill of that at 
Plymouth ; Rodney L. Huntington of that at Francestown ; 
Nicholas Youngman of that at Saugerties, N. Y. ; Josiah 
Crosby, Mrs. Olive L. Crosby, Harriet McClary, Al)i'am 
Briaham and Alma Briy;ham of that at Meredith Bridije. 



168 Manchester. 

The following became members of the church at its first 
meeting: Andrew Moody of a church at Lowell, Mass. ; 
Mr. and Mrs. Walter T. Jaquith of the church at Milford ; 
Mr. and Mrs. David W. Grimes, David Brigham, Mr. and 
Mrs. Thomas Carleton of the First church ; Sarah J. Em- 
erson of the church in Candia ; Joshua Avery of the church 
at Meredith Bridge. In accordance with a vote of the 
members, December 17, 1847, it assumed the name of the 
Franklin-street church. 

The Rev. Mr. Wallace lield the office of moderator till 
the settlement of a pastor and David Brigham was chosen 
as clerk and treasurer. He resigned the latter office 
March 26, 1857, when Alfred B. Soule was chosen to fill 
his place, and was also succeeded by Mr. Soule as clerk, 
September 9, 1858. Mr. Soule resigned both offices No- 
vember 29, 1858, and H. C. Bullard was his successor. 
When the latter's place became vacant by his removal from 
the city, Aldus M. Chapin was elected, January 5, 1866, 
to fill it. He resigned May 7, 1871, when Albert H. Daniels 
was chosen clerk, and Isaac W. Smith, treasurer, both of 
whom have continued in office to the present time. 

Shortly after the formation of the church David Brig- 
ham was chosen a deacon, and, a little later, Thomas Carle- 
ton received an election to the same office. December 18, 

1845, Walter T. Jaquith was chosen deacon, and May 14, 

1846, George T. Mixer. December 24, 1847, Aldus M. 
Chapin was elected to succeed Mr. Jaquith, who had left 
the city. Deacon Carleton resigned January 4, 1849, and 
Erastus Danielson was chosen March 29, 1849, to take his 
place. Mr. Brigham resigned his deaconship March 26, 
1857, and Albert H. Daniels was chosen in his stead. 
April 16, 1857, Deacons Mixer and Chapin having left the 
city, Alfred B. Soule was elected to the office. Francis B. 
Eaton was made deacon November 11, 1858. Deacon Dan- 
ielson left the city in 1858 and Deacon Soule in 1859, and 



Franklin-Strket Church. 169 

November 1, 1860, Aldus M. Cliapiii, havin<^ returned, was 
re-elected to his former office. Henry T. Mowatt was 
chosen deacon April 6, 1866, and resigned April 2, 1874. 
In 1871 Deacon Chapin again left the place, and July 9, 
1872, George Murdough and Ira Barr were elected, making 
four deacons now in office. 

The first pastor was Henry M. Dexter, who was ordained 
November 6, 1844. He was dismissed March 14, 1849, and 
was succeeded, September 26, 1849, by the Rev. Henry S. 
Clarke. The latter remained till July 1, 1852, and, No- 
vember 3, 1852, the Rev. Samuel C. Bartlett was installed. 
He was dismissed February 18, 1857, and his successor, the 
Rev. Aaron C. Adams, was settled on the twenty-second of 
July of the same year. He left September 22, 1858, and 
William H. Fenn became pastor of the church February 10, 
1859. He remained over seven years, being dismissed July 
17, 1866. He was followed by William J. Tucker, who was 
ordained January 24, 1867. In the summer of 1874 in- 
terest in Mr. Tucker's preaching had drawn so many to 
the Franklin-street church that there were no pews un- 
rented, and many were seeking accommodation in vain. 
Mr. Tucker, in declining a call to become the pastor of the 
Madison-avenue Congregational church in New York city, 
wliere the salary is at least ten thousand dollars, drew the 
attention of the church and society to the need of a larger 
liouse of worship, and a committee was raised to have the 
matter in charge and obtain, if possible, fifty thousand dol- 
lars by subscription, the estimated cost of a new building. 
A partial effi^rt was made at that time to this end, and there 
the matter rested till February 21, 1875, when Mr. Tucker 
read to the congregation from the pulpit a communication 
in which he offered his resignation, stating in substance 
that his usefulness was crippled by the want of accommo- 
dation for those who wished to enjoy the privileges of wor- 
ship in the Franklin-street church. This announcement 
11 



170 Manchester. 

was received with general surprise and regret, and a meet- 
ing of the congregation was held that afternoon, when twen- 
ty thousand dollars was pledged for the building of a new 
church. This sum was afterwards raised to thirty-seven 
thousand dollars, but no further increase could be made. 
Other plans were proposed but failed of execution, and Mr. 
Tucker, deeming it inconsistent with the interests of the 
church and society to withdraw his resignation, publicly 
re-affirmed it March 14, intending to close his labors with 
the church after the first Sunday in May. 

The church property is estimated to be worth eighteen 
thousand dollars. The church has a membership of about 
three hundred, and the Sunday-school numbers nearly six 
hundred. Of the latter Samuel Upton is superintendent, 
and Albert H. Daniels assistant superintendent. 

MERRIMACK-STREET BAPTIST CHURCH. 

" Early in the year 1845 the pastor of the First Baptist 
church in Manchester, in contemplating the rapidly increas- 
ing population of the place and the fact that the church 
numbered more than three hundred communicants, and 
that sufficient accommodations could not be obtained for 
more than one-half of the inhabitants if all the places of 
public worship were filled, felt that the cause of Christ and 
the interests of religion demanded of the First church to 
make an effort to establish and sustain a second interest." 

" May 2, 1845, the subject was brought before the church 
by the pastor, the Rev. Benjamin Brierly, and after a free 
and full discussion it was voted that Brethren David P. 
Perkins, John B. Goodwin, Daniel Gooden, Deacon Samuel 
Weston and the Rev. Andrew T. Foss be a committee to 
ascertain what can be done in relation to the subject of or- 
gant^ing a second church and report at a future meeting." 

May 26, the committee made a report favorable to the 
enterprise, which was adopted, and, June 2, the church 



Merrimack-Stkbkt Baptist Church. 171 

voted that it was expedient to organize a second church at 
once. 

" October 27, 1845, the First Baptist church in Manches- 
ter met for business, when tlie following brethren and sis- 
ters presented their request to be dismissed from this 
churcli for the purpose of forming a second church in this 
town, agreeably to a vote of the church passed June 2, 
184'), viz.: Andrew T. Foss, Samuel Weston, Elviress Par- 
niontcr, Daniel Gooden, John B. Goodwin, David P. Per- 
kins, Alfred George, Thomas George, John Buzzell, Henry 
G. Buzzell, Jonathan Rand, John Rider, M. M. Foss, Eliza 
Weston, Electa Parmenter, Marinda Gooden, Caroline S. 
Goodwin, Abigail Brooks, Ann W. Parmenter, Sarah Em- 
erson, Betsey Conner, Esther P. Rand, Betsey Buzzell, Ro- 
sanna Buzzell, Milla R. Parker, Elizabeth Night, Ann E. 
Weston, Mary Ann George, Lydia George, Lydia George, 
2d, Caroline George, Sarah Rand, Clorinda Rider and Ab- 
igail Rider, and Isaac Manning and Ann E. Manning by 
letter." 

October 31, 1845, those who were purposing to form the 
church met at John B. Goodwin's house and chose the Rev. 
A. T. Foss moderator and David P. Perkins clerk of the 
evening. Upon motion of Deacon Samuel Weston it was 
voted to organize as the Second Ba})tist Church in Man- 
chester, and David P. Perkins was chosen its clerk. The 
church was publicly recognized as such by a council De- 
cember 3, 1845. 

The first pastor was the Rev. A. T. Foss. He was dis- 
missed at his own request July 11, 1847, and was suc- 
ceeded, December 26, by the Rev. J. C. Morrill, who left 
July 15, 1849. The next minister was the Rev. 0. 0. 
Stearns, who remained not quite a year and was followed in 
January, 1851, by the Rev. Isaac Woodbury. After his 
withdrawal in January, 1853, the Rev. John Peacock, for- 
merly pastor of the old Amoskeag Baptist church, sup- 



172 Manchester. 

plied the pulpit till the middle of April and then different 
clergymen officiated for two or three months. In July, 
1853, the Rev. J. M. Coburu became the pastor. His res- 
ignation was accepted October 8, 1855, but seven weeks 
later he was invited to again become pastor of the church 
and accepted the invitation. His resignation was again 
offered and accepted December 5, 1858, and the Rev. King 
S. Hall was recognized as pastor March 30, 1859. He left 
September 4, 1862, and the Rev. A. W. Chaffin succeeded 
him June 10, 1863. He remained till February 2, 1868, 
when his resignation was accepted. The Rev. Alden Sher- 
win, the present pastor, was recognized as such November 
18, 1868. 

The first clerk of the church was David P. Perkins, who 
was chosen upon its formation. Upon his dismissal in 
1847 Daniel Gooden acted as clerk till July 2, 1849, when 
Caleb Gage was chosen. George Holbrook acted as clerk 
from January, 1851, to July, when the Rev. Isaac Wood- 
bury, who had been chosen clerk in April, took the rec- 
ords, being succeeded, January 24, 1853, by Pliny Allen. 
George Holbrook was chosen clerk January 2, 1854, and 
has held the office ever since. The first treasurer was 
Daniel Gooden, who was elected November 9, 1845, and 
was succeeded January 1, 1851, by Caleb Gage, the present 
treasurer. 

At the organization of the church Samuel Weston, Elvi- 
ress Parmenter and Daniel Gooden were chosen deacons 
Deacon Weston being dismissed in 1847. January 8,1849, 
Ebenezer Clark, Caleb Gage and Jerry Felt were added to 
the number, Deacon Clark leaving in 1850 to join the First 
church from which he had come two years before, and 
Deacon Felt being dismissed in 1854. Savory T. Burbank, 
Lyman Wood and Calvin Boynton were chosen deacons Oc- 
tober 29, 1855, and, March 2, 1856, George Holbrook and 
Timothy S. Jacobs. 



Merrimack-Street Baptist Church. 173 

The raeetiiiffs of tlie church were first held in Classic 
hall and afterwards in Temple hall in Patten's block, but 
during Mr. Morrill's pastorate services were held for a short 
time in the chapel on Central street which was moved from 
Concord street, where it had been occupied in succession 
by the First Freewill Baptist society, St. Michael's church 
and the Second Congregational society. Thence the church 
moved to the city hall, which it occupied till February 22, 
1849, when the brick church on the southwest corner of 
Elm and Pleasant streets was occupied for the first time. 
This was built by Daniel Gooden with a view to its posses- 
sion by the church, to which he sold the second story, with 
the understanding that the third might be bought when- 
ever the church desired. With Mr. Gooden were after- 
wards associated John V, Gooden and Stephen D. Green, 
and subsequently the property fell into the latter's hands. 
The church voted, December 14, 1853, to adopt the name 
of the Elm-street Baptist church. 

March 27, 1854, the following associated themselves to 
form a corporation under the name of the Elm-street Bap- 
tist Church, for the purpose of holding the property : Jesse 
M. Coburn, Daniel Gooden, Stephen M. Bennett, William 
H. Gilmore, Caleb Gage, John B. Goodwin, Alfred George, 
Thomis H. Stevens, Elviress Parmenter, Oliver Gould, 
Gilman Stewart, Silas F. Dean, George Holbrook. They 
re-elected the officers of the church. One payment had 
been made upon the building, but the church declined to 
make another and, after remaining there till February, 
1857, they left and worshiped with the First church and 
in Smyth's hall and the city hall till the dedication of their 
present house of worship, October 27, 1857. This was 
built by a society which had been formed in June of that 
year and which bought of John H. Maynard and George W. 
P. Converse the lot on Merrimack street between Pine and 
Union on which the church stands. It had been proposed 



]74 Manchester. 

to disband two years before they left the house on Elm 
street, but the church resolved to cling togethei- and at 
length outlived their troubles. The name of llie church 
was changed, January 31, 1859, to that of Merrimack- 
street Baptist Church. December 11, 1870, the church 
celebrated tbe twenty-fifth anniversary of its existence 
with appropriate ceremonies. It has now two hundred and 
fifty members, one hundred and fifty resident. The Sun- 
day-school, of which John C. Balch is superintendent and 
George Holbrook assistant superintendent, has one hun- 
dred and fifty members. 

The Merriuiack-street Baptist Society was formed June 
1, 1857, by Caleb Gage, Calvin Boynton, John B. Goodwin, 
William H. Gilmore, Elviress Parmenter, Lyman Wood, 
Wallace VV. Baker, Gilman S. Stewart and George Hol- 
brook. The corporation was first organized as the Merri- 
mack-street Baptist Church, but the name of " church " 
was changed the next day to that of " society." At the 
first meeting Wallace W. Baker was chosen president ; 
George Holbrook clerk, and Caleb Gage treasurer ; and 
these were elected at the annual meeting in January, 1858, 
together with a board of directors, consisting of Lyman 
Wood, John B. Goodwin, C. W. Barker, Savory T Bur- 
bank, Elviress Parmenter, W. H. Gilmore and James Hol- 
brook. In 1857, as has once been mentioned, the society 
bought a lot and l)uilt upon it a meeting-house. About 
1860 the " Domestic Benevolent Society," an association of 
women connected with the church, raised the necese^ary 
funds and built a chapel in the rear of the house. The 
value of the whole property is estimated at ten thousand 
dollars. 

Mr. Baker was succeeded as president by Caleb Gage in 
1863, who remained till 1866, when Joseph Simonds took 
his place. In 1868 John L. Davis was chosen, and he was 
succeeded in 1870 by W. H. Gilmore who now holds the 



First Wesleyan Methodist Church. 175 

ofl&ce. Mr. Holbrook has been the society's clerk ever 
since its formation. Mr. Gage continued treasurer till 
1869 when Timothy S. Jacobs was elected. His place was 
taken the next year by Charles W. Barker, who was suc- 
ceeded in 1871 by the present treasurer, Douglas Mitchell. 
The following, who have not been included among the offi- 
cers mentioned above, have been directors at one time and 
another since the formation of the society : Robert Gil- 
more, Oliver Gould, Abram Putnam, Leander Gage, Wil- 
liam A. Vincent, Charles Wheeler, Jason White, William 
Heap, John C. Balch, Edwin C. Stevens, John H. Wales, 
Henry I. Caswell, George Dickinson, George W. Davis. 

FIRST wesleyan METHODIST CHURCH. 

March 13, 1849, the following persons united to form a 
church which should be governed by the usages of the 
Wesleyan Methodist church of America : John Jones, 
Francis Monroe, Prudence B. Jones, Charles E. Mills, 
Catherine Mills, Joseph Bartlett, Harriet N. Bartlett, John 
L. Trefran, Stephen Wiggin, Hannah M. Wiggin, James T. 
Hardy, Elbridge Dearborn, John C. Wadleigh, Jesse F. 
Wiggin, John Templeton, Margaret Robertson, Lucia A. 
Morrill, Melissa Morrill. 

These were mainly seceders from the Second Methodist 
Episcopal church and their first pastor was the Rev. John 
Jones, the first preacher stationed over the church whence 
they had come, having been its minister in 1840 and again 
in 184G and 1847. He was succeeded in October, 1851, 
by the Rev. Jonas Scott, who remained till some time in 
1852, when the Rev. Thomas M. Latham took his place. In 
1854 the latter was succeeded by the Rev. R. C. Stone and 
in that year or the next the church was dissolved, the rec- 
ords ending abruptly in the middle of a sentence. 

The first clerk of the church was James T. Hardy. He 



176 Manchester. 

was succeeded bj J. C. Wadleigh, and he by E. G. Eaton, 
and then Mr. Wadleigli was again chosen and succeeded 
by Langdon Munroe. The treasurers were "William Root 
and Jeremiah D. Jones. The church held services in the 
city hall, in Patten's and Granite halls, in the chapel on 
Central street which had been moved thither from Con- 
cord street, and finally in the old meeting-house in Piscata- 
quog village, where the church broke up. 

MANCHESTER CITY MISSIONARY SOCIETY. 

In the spring of 1847 the Rev. J. L. Seymour was em- 
ployed as a city missionary by individuals interested in the 
cause of religion, who paid his salary and liired a hall 
where he opened a Sunday-school and conducted religious 
services. In this way the idea of a free church was sug- 
gested and the building now used for that purpose, on the 
northwest corner of Merrimack and Beech streets, was 
built in 1850 and dedicated on the twenty-third of October 
of that year. The land on which it stands was given by 
the Amoskeag Company and the money which built it was 
the contribution of individuals in the city and of the Con- 
gregational and Presbyterian churches in the state. The 
property is worth about six thousand dollars and is held in 
trust, on condition that the seats in the church shall be free 
and that public worship shall be maintained, by the Man- 
chester City Missionary society, which was legally organ- 
ized April 24, 1850, at a meeting in the vestry of the First 
Congregational church. George T. Mixer was chosen chair- 
man and David Brigham secretary, and a constitution was 
adopted which defines the object of the society to be to sus- 
tain a missionary or missionaries for the religious instruc- 
tion of those who do not usually attend public worship. 
This was amended in 1870 so as to make the distribution 
of charity an additional object. The society numbers about 
a hundred members. 




oZi--^ ^/^/L^^ 



Manchester City Missionary Society. 177 

At the first meeting for choice of officers Moulton 
Knowles was elected president ; George T. Mixer, vice- 
president; David Brigham, secretary ; Henry Clough, treas- 
urer; Stephen Smith, Archelaus Wilson, William G. Means, 
Frederick Smyth, Aldus M. Chapin, executive committee. 
In 1851 David Gillis was chosen president and Nahum 
Baldwin vice-president. In 1852 William G. Means was 
made president ; Aldus M. Chapin, vice-picsident ; and 
James 0. Adams succeeded Mr. Brigham as secretary. In 
1853 Mr. Chapin was relieved by George T. Mixer, and 
Abraham Robertson became treasurer in place of Mr. 
Clough. The next year James Hersey succeeded Mr. 
Means as president, and in 1855 Ephraim Corey was elect- 
ed vice-president and William H. Ward secretary. In 
1856 Mr. Corey was chosen president and Jonathan Ten- 
ney was elected to the place thus left vacant. In 1857 
Henry T. Mowatt was chosen president ; Moulton Knowles, 
vice-president ; David Hill, secretary. Within the year the 
latter was succeeded by Charles Aldrich, and Abraham 
Robertson, who had been treasurer since 1853, was suc- 
ceeded by Horace Pettee. 

In 1858 George W. Pinkerton became vice-president ; in 
1859 there was no change ; and in 1860 Mr. Pinkerton was 
elected president ; John Harvey, vice-president ; Sylvanus 
Bunton, secretary ; Holmes R. Pettee, treasurer. In 1861 
Horace Pettee was chosen president and Theodore T. Ab- 
bot vice-president. There is no record of a meeting in 
1862, and the next year William Bailey became vice-pres- 
ident and Thomas B. Brown secretary. These ofiicers 
were re-elected in 1864 and 1865 with the exception of ]\rr. 
Bailey, who was succeeded by Charles Currier in 1865, 
and there was no change in 1866, 1867 and 1868. In 1869 
Henry W. Herrick was elected president ; Alden W. San- 
born, vice-president ; and John G. Lane secretary, who has 
held the office ever since. In 1870 Orison Hardy became 



178 Manchester. 

vice-president and Joseph H. Peabody secretary. In 1871 
Henry Clough was elected president; James T. Frost, vice- 
president; and William F. Childs, treasurer, who has been 
re-elected annually since. In 1872 Storer Nason succeeded 
Mr. Frost as vice-president and in 1878 Albert H. Daniels 
succeeded Mr. Clough as president, since when there has 
been no change. The executive committee of 1874 con- 
sisted of Alden W. Sanborn, Marshall P. Hall, Alfred G. 
Fairl)anks, Horace Pettee and Moses E. George. 

The Rev. Mr. Seymour continued his labors as mission- 
ary after the church had been built and in April, 1851, 
was succeeded by the Rev. T. P. Sawin, who remained till 
about the same time in 1856. He was followed by the 
Rev. Lyman Marshall, who remained till 1860. For six 
years thereafter the enterprise languished, no missionary 
was hired and religious services were not sustained. In 
1866, however, the Rev. T. P. Sawin returned to assume 
the duties of missionary and remained three years, leaving 
in May, 1869, and being followed in October of that year 
by the Rev. Frank G. Clark. He resigned in April, 1873, 
to become pastor of a church in Rindge, and the present 
missionary, the Rev. William H. Rand, began his labors in 
September. Miss M. E. Spear served as assistant mission- 
ary in parts of 1869 and 1870, and, after she left, Mrs. 
George P. Woodman performed her duties a ))art of the 
time till the appointment of Miss Sarah J. Fitzpatrick — 
now Mrs. Thomas Bailey — in Apiil, 1872. She held the 
office till May, 1874, when she resigned, and in September 
Mrs. Daniel S. Adams was appointed and now serves. 

The society's annual income is derived from several dif- 
ferent sources. From the start it had received one hun- 
dred and fifty dollars a year from the state missionary so- 
ciety, but this ceased about 1870, when the mission in this 
city enlarged its sphere of action. Tl>c sum of sixty dollars 
accrues as interest upon a thousand dollars bequeathed in 



Manchester City Missionary Society. 179 

1851 by the late Thomas D. Merrill of Concord ; the inter- 
est of eighty-eight dollars is received from a fund left in 
trust for the society's uses: and the two Congregational 
churches in the city make an annual appropriation of three 
hundred dollars each. About 1870, when the society com- 
bined charitable w^ith religious work, the Amoskeag, Stark, 
Manchester and Langdon corporations agreed to pay for 
the support of the mission a sum equivalent to one hun- 
dredth of one per cent, upon their capital stock, amount- 
ing in all to six hundred and fifty-five dollars. Voluntary 
contributions at the services in the free church add about 
one hundred dollars, making a stated income of about[^four- 
teen hundred dollars. From this is paid the missionary's 
salary of twelve hundred dollars and the current expenses, 
and the surplus is used, so far as it goes, to support an as- 
sistant city missionary for a longer or shorter time. 

The needs of the poor had become so apparent after the 
war that subscriptions were raised at irregular times, and 
Mr. Sawin, who was then missionary, spent a part of his 
time in the relief of the destitute. The result of this has 
already been referred to in the recognition by an amend- 
ment to the society's constitution of the distribution of 
charity as a part of the missionary's work and the annual 
contribution of over one-half his salary by the corporations. 
The relief fund is kept in a separate account and was be- 
gun by the raising of five hundred dollars at a levee five or 
six years ago. This was spent in about three years and 
Mr. Clark, then the missionary, raised three hundred dol- 
lars more by subscription, which has gradually been spent, 
and the society relies upon individual subscriptions of 
money, clothing and other necessaries for means to carry 
on its charitable work, none of the stated income being 
spent in that way. The society, while it was engaged solely 
in religious work, was solely a Congregational society, but 
when it began to relieve the suffering, an effort was made to 



180 Manchester. 

enlist the sympathies of other denominations in the city, 
and for a year or two nearly all made contributions for its 
support. The interest, however, was but temporary and 
aid from other than Congregational churches has ceased, 
though other denominations are represented in its officers. 

Shortly after the free church was built it seemed desir- 
able to those who attended service there or who took part 
in the Sunday-school, that a church should be regularly 
organized to worship there, and, December 7, 1852, in ac- 
cordance with a notice previously given, a few persons as- 
sembled to take the matter into consideration. They de- 
cided to proceed and chose Abraham Burton clerk. The 
church was formally organized December 80, 1852, by an 
ecclesiastical council, under the name of the " Christian 
Mission (Miurch." The city missionary was always the pas- 
tor of the church. Joseph T. Ayer was chosen treasurer 
March 5, 1853, and, December 31, 1853, James Brooks and 
Abraham Burton were elected deacons. Deacon Burton 
resigned his clerkship in 1857 but continued to keep the 
books. The last record was made in 1859 and about that 
time the church fell to pieces. A Sunday-scliool had been 
supported there till the closing of the church in 1860. 
While it remained unopened, a mission-school was organ- 
ized in the vestry of the First Congregational church and 
transferred thence to the free chapel, when worship was 
resumed there. The school has now about two hundred 
and fifty members. John G. Lane is the superintendent 
and Daniel S. Adams assistant superintendent. 

SECOND UNIVERSALIST CHURCH. 

The Second Universalist society was formed by men who 
separated from the First society and who met and adopted 
a constitution December 10, 1859. They were followers of 
the Rev. B. M. Tillotson, who had been pastor of the First 



Second Universalist Church. 181 

church, but had resigned its charge the previous October. 
They met again the first day of the next year at Smyth's 
hall and elected Lewis Simons president, Charles H. Chase 
vice-president, Ira A. Bowen secretary, and John D. Bean 
treasurer. In March of that year the Rev. B. H. Davis ac- 
cepted an invitation to become pastor of the society and re- 
mained till February, 1861. In January, 1861, Charles H. 
Chase became secretary and Luther Smith succeeded him 
as vice-president, but before the month was out, all the offi- 
cers resigned, and John Gillis was elected president, P. 
D. Howe vice-president, J. D. Jones secretary, and E. P. 
Pearson treasurer. On the fourteenth of December, 1861, 
the Rev. B. M. Tillotson, whose services the society had 
endeavored to obtain at the outset, began his labors with 
it. In 1862 Lewis Simons again became president ; E. P. 
Pearson, vice-president ; W. P. Rundlett, secretary ; and 
J. D. Bean, treasurer. These continued through the next 
year. Jaimary 11, 1863, the society voted to take the 
name of the Elm-street Universalist Society. Till that 
year worship had been held in Smyth's hall, but then the 
society moved to what is Jiow Music hall, which had been 
built with a view to its occupancy by the society. In 1864 
Eleazer Martin was chosen president ; John Gillis, vice- 
president ; Ira A. Bowen, secretary ; and John D. Bean 
was re-elected treasurer. The next year Allen Partridge 
was chosen vice-president and Darwin A. Simons treasurer, 
Mr. Martin and Mr. Bowen being re-elected, but upon the 
former's death in June, Thomas Maskey was elected to 
take his place. In 1866 Charles H. Chase became secre- 
tary and there was no change till after the annual election 
of the next year had passed. 

It was deemed wise to form a legally incorporated soci- 
ety, and, February 27, 1867, Thomas Maskey, Lewis Simons, 
George H. Dorr, Charles H. Chase, H. L. Drew, Darwin 
A. Simons and George E. Glines were associated as the 



182 Manchester. 

Elm-street Universalist Society, proper notice of the fact 
being given. In April Thomas Maskey was chosen presi- 
dent ; Allen Partridge, vice-president ; Charles H. Chase, 
clerk ; and Darwin A. Simons, treasurer. The next year 
Lewis Simons became president and George H. Dorr vice- 
president. In 1869 George E. Glines succeeded Mr. Dorr. 
In 187U A. C. Osgood became clerk and George E. Wilson 
treasurer. In 1871 H. L. Drew was elected president ; B. 
K. Parker, vice-president ; A. C. Osgood, clerk ; and A. B. 
Chase, treasurer. In March of that year the Rev. B. M. 
Tillotson left the pastorate of the society, and preaching 
was supplied by the Rev. A. P. Folsom from May till No- 
vember, on the twenty-seventh of which month the society 
voted to dissolve. 

The Elm-street Universalist Church was formed in June, 
1860, and disbanded in the fall of 1871, eighty-seven mem- 
bers having been connected with it. Its clerk was John 
Gillis ; its treasurer, J. C. Hill ; and its deacons, J. C. Hill, 
Amasa Waterman, John Gillis, Lewis Simons, Columbus 
Wyman. In connection with it a Sunday-school was or- 
ganized in 1860, which had a hundred and sixty members. 
Its superintendents were J. C. Hill, George H. True and 
the several pastors. 

FIRST PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. 

Prior to the year 1820 there was no house of worship in 
Manchester except the old town-house at the Centre. At 
that time the inhabitants of Piscataquog village, then apart 
of Bedford, feeling the need of better religious privileges, 
took measures to build a meeting-house. A company was 
organized and the stock, divided into thirty-three shares of 
one hundred dollars each, subscribed for, and, though there 
were then but ten houses in Piscataquog, all the money was 
raised in the village. A very desirable lot of land, situ- 



First Presbyterian Church. 183 

ated on the river road on the hill which rises from the 
south bank of the Piscataquog, was given, and a large part 
of the stock was taken, by the heirs of William Parker, 
a wealthy merchant of the village, then lately deceased. 
Work was begun on the house in the spring of 1820 and it 
was finished and dedicated on the fifteenth of November 
of that year. The building committee consisted of James 
Patten, Jonathan Palmer and William P. Riddle. 

It had been hoped that on the completion of the house 
an arrangement might be made with the Presbyterian 
church at Bedford Centre, by which the pastor of tliat 
church might divide his labors and occupy the pulpit of the 
new house a part of the time. It is worthy of remark that 
the Presl»yterian doctrine was taught in Piscataquog and 
at Manchester Centre, and that Presbyterians were many 
in the vicinity of the meeting-house which was built in 
1736 in the southeast part of the town, while Congrega- 
tionalism, in which the kindred denomination has now 
been lost, as far as Manchester is concerned, emanated 
from Amoskeag village. As this arrangement with Bed- 
ford could not be made, and as the people of the village 
were unable of themselves to sustain preaching, no stated 
and regular services, except occasionally for a lew months 
at a time, were held in the house till its occupation by the 
Wesleyan Methodists in 1855. However, soon after its ded- 
ication the Rev. Mr. Long was engaged to teach the district 
school and preach on Sundays, and after his retirement the 
Rev. Mr. Pomeroy, a fresh graduate from the theological 
seminary at Andover, supplied the pulnit for some time 
and an unsuccessful effort was made to settle him as a col- 
league with the Rev. David McGregor of Bedford. Just 
before the revival of 1831 a Mr. Saulsbury preached ac- 
ceptably and in the spring of 1839 an old minister named 
Miltimore occupied the pulpit for a time. 



184 Manchester. 

In 1842 the proprietors decided to dispose of the house 
and it was accordingly sold for about three hundred dollars 
to a company, which, six years later, was incorporated un- 
der the name of " The Piscataquog Village Academy," the 
grantees being William P. Riddle, Jonas B. Bowman, 
James Walker, Daniel Mack, Mace Moulton, Frederick G. 
Stark, Henry C. Parker, Samuel Brown, Andrew J. Dow, 
James Harvell and Ephraim Harvell. The uj)per part of 
the building was fitted for school pur[)0ses, the lower part 
being still retained for public worship, and in the fall of 
1842 the house was opened to the public as an academy. 
The first principal was Dr. Leonard French, now of this 
city. He was succeeded by Hiram Wason, and he by 
Charles Warren. In March, 1845, Benjamin F. Wallace, 
afterwards an elder in the Presbyterian church which was 
formed in the village, t(iok charge of the school and re- 
mained its instructor till its discontinuance, with the ex- 
ception of one year when it was taught by the Rev. Amos 
Abbott, once a missionary in India. 

In the summer of 1855 the First Wesleyan Methodist 
church, which had been meeting for several years in various 
halls in the city proper, obtained permission to occupy the 
house and sustained religious services for a short time and 
then withdrew. The pastor, the Rev. R. C. Stone, suc- 
ceeded, however, by making a strong personal effort among 
the people, in raising sufficient funds for his support, and 
continued his ministrations during the fall. 

In the spring of 1856, by advice of the Londonderry 
Presbytery and with the aid of the Presbyterian Board of 
Missions, the Rev. George A. Bowman was employed and 
he continued to supply the pulpit till July, 18G6. During 
his ministry, a committee of the Londonderry Presbytery, 
appointed for that purpose at Windham in October, 1858, 
met, November 9, 1851), at Piscataipiog village, which had 
become a part of Manchester three years before, and organ- 





V 



FlIlST PllKSBYTRIlIAN ChURCH. 185 

ized the "First Presbyterian Church in Manchester" with 
the following members: Mr. and Mrs. Samuel McQueston, 
B. F. Wallace, Marion Wallace, Mrs. Sarali French, Celia N. 
French, Ellen B. Frencli, Robert H. French, Mrs. Betsey P. 
Walker, Mrs. James Harvell, Jonas B. Bowman, Asenath L. 
L. Bowman, Margaret McQueston, Mi-s. Adeline Living- 
ston. The church held a meeting the same day and elected 
Deacon Samuel McQueston and Benjamin F.J Wallace el- 
ders and the latter was ordained to the office of elder, be- 
ing also chosen clerk. At different times during its exist- 
ence a number of persons were added, but in 18G7, the year 
after Mr. Bowman's departure, it was disbanded and its 
last i-ecord was made December 20, 1867, by the Rev, Ar- 
thur Little, pastor of the church at Bedford, who granted, 
by authority of the Presbytery, letters of dismission to Ira 
Barr, Mrs. Lucinda S. McQueston, Miss Margaret McQues- 
ton and Mrs. Sarah C. Harvell, who joined the Franklin- 
street church, and Mr. and Mrs. Ebenezer Hartshorn, who 
went to the First Congregational church. 

In 1870 Mrs. Mary P. Harris, a native of Piscataquog 
village and tlie daughter of William Parker, having ex- 
pressed a desire to repair the church and put it in the 
hands of the Young Men's Christian Association, the pro- 
prietors voted to give it to her for that purpose with the 
understanding that the Association would always keep it 
in repair. In accordance with this vote Mrs. Harris ac- 
cepted the house, and, having thoroughly renewed it, trans- 
ferred it to the Association, by which it is held in trust, 
the latter agreeing on its part to keep the building in good 
condition and to maintain "evangelical" preaching in it. 
It was dedicated April 21, 1872, with appropriate religious 
exercises, different clergymen of the city taking part and 
the Rev. Dr. Wallace giving a brief history of religious 
worship in Piscataquog. A Sunday-school was then organ- 
ized and has continued since in a flourishing condition, first 

12 



186 Manchester. 

under the superintendence of Col. Francis W. Parker and 
then, successively, of Edward Taylor and Charles A. Da- 
venport. It has now about one hundred members. The 
city clergymen supply the pulpit in succession Sunday after- 
noons. 

PINE-STREET FREEWILL BAPTIST CHURCH. 

" December 21, 1859, in compliance with the request of 
some Freewill Baptist brethren in Manchester a council, 
consisting of the Rev. S. Curtis, A. R. Bradbury, E. M. 
Tappan and J. P. Nutting, convened in this city for the 
purpose of re-organizing a church," and, by the advice and 
assistance of this council, the Pine-street Freewill Baptist 
church was formed. The Rev. J. M. Bailey, who had been 
pastor of the First Freewill Baptist church from which this 
had arisen, was installed the same day as pastor. He 
closed his labors in November, 1861, and, September 10, 
1862, Reuben V. Jenness was ordained. He resigned June 
1, 1863, and was succeeded by the Rev. Nahum Brooks. 
The latter resigned May 12, 1869, and the Rev. N. L. Row- 
ell accepted an invitation to become pastor of the church. 
In November, 1873, he resigned and the Rev. Harrison F. 
Wood was installed May 22, 1874. 

At the organization of the church Silas Hamilton was 
chosen clerk and treasurer. He resigned October 3, 1862, 
and H. W. Savory succeeded him, continuing in office till 
April 30, 1873, when Mr. Hamilton resumed his former 
office. December 30, 1859, H. W. Savory and J. J. Straw, 
who had been deacons in the old church, were elected to 
the same office in this, and July 8, 1868, Samuel Gould 
was added. December 28, 1870, J. B. Daniels and F. P. 
Smith were also elected deacons. Tiie church has now 
about two hundred and twenty-five members, probably one 
hundred and fifty resident, and the Sunday-school numbers 



Pine-Street Freewill Baptist Church. 187 

two hundred and seventy-five. Of the latter James S. 
Berry is superintendent, and Harvey B. Sawyer assistant 
superintendent. 

Tiie " Union Association " was formed for the purpose 
of assuming the debts of the First Freewill Baptist society, 
January 8, 1859, meeting at the residence of Jonathan Cil- 
ley. Its members were J. M. Bean, George W. Quinby, 
William B. Dana, H. W. Savory, Jonathan J. Straw, A. J. 
Butterfield, Liberty Raymond, Silas Hamilton, Francis G. 
Bean and Jonatlian Oilley. They elected, as president, 
William B. Dana ; vice-president, Francis G. Bean ; secre- 
tary and treasurer, Silas Hamilton ; directors, J. M. Bean, 
Liberty Raymond, H. W. Savory. A constitution and by- 
laws were subsequently adopted. 

As has already been stated, this association, having bought 
of the First Freewill Baptist society its church and ex- 
changed it for the one then occupied by the Unitarians, 
rented the latter to the Pine-street church. Their first 
officers continued through 18G0 and there was but one 
change in 1861, when J. M. Bean resigned his office as di- 
rector on account of want of health and was succeeded by 
J. J. Straw. The same year George W. Quinby sold his 
stock to F. P. Smith, who thus became a member of the 
association. These officers were re-elected in 1862, but the 
next year, upon Mr. Hamilton's departure from the city, 
H. W. Savory was chosen to succeed him as clerk and 
treasurer and F. P. Smith took Mr. Savory's place in the 
board of directors. 

The property was held by this association till August 30, 
1865, when the Pine-street Freewill Baptist society was 
formed to take its place, its members meeting in the vestry 
of the church and being called to order by Nahum Brooks. 
They adopted a constitution, and, at a meeting held Sep- 
tember 6, 1865, chose True Dudley secretary and treas- 
urer, and Joseph Bean, Moses E. George and John Kit- 



188 Manchester. 

tredge, wardens. These were re-elected at the first annual 
meeting in December of that year, but in 186t) Joseph 
Bean, Joseph Peabody and C. S. Boynton were chosen 
wardens, being succeeded m 1867 by Joseph Bean, David 
Ricker and J. B. Daniels. A revised constitution was 
adopted that year by which the title of wardens was 
changed to that of prudential committee and a president 
and vice-president were added to tlie list of officei-s, Sam- 
uel Gould being chosen as the former and B. W. Robinson 
as the latter. 

The society voted, September 25, 1868, to accept the act 
of incorporation passed by the legislature of that year. 
The grantees were : Nahum Brooks, J. J. Straw, A. J. 
Butterfield, Joseph Peabody, H. W. Savory, F. P. Smith, 
David Ricker, Samuel Gould, Joseph Bean, True E. Dud- 
ley, Lyman Batchelder and Moses A. Hunkins. The offi- 
cers chosen that year were : Moses E. George, president ; 
B. W. Robinson, vice-president; Harvey B. Sawyer, secre- 
tary and treasurer ; David Ricker, Lyman Batchelder and 
Moses A. Hunkins, directors. In 1869 Joseph Peabody 
succeeded Mr. Ricker as a director and during the next 
year P. P. Smith was elected to take Mr. Hunkins's place. 
At the election of 1870 J. B. Daniels, J. L. Dearborn and 
M. C. Clark were elected prudential committee, the two 
latter being succeeded the next year by A. A. Ainsworth 
and James S. Berry. 

The annual election had heretofore been held in Decem- 
ber and the officers elected in one year had served in the 
next, but now the time of meeting was changed to Janu- 
ary and the year of election made coincident with the year 
of service. In 1873 Nahum Brooks was elected president; 
David Ricker, vice-president ; Harvey B. Sawyer, secretary 
and treasurer; James S. Berry, I. D. Palmer and David 
Ricker, prudential committee. In 1874 A. A. Ainsworth 
succeeded Mr. Ricker as vice-president, and I. D. Palmer, 



Merrimack-Street Free Baptist Church. 189 

Moses E. George and Silas Hamilton were chosen pruden- 
tial committee. In 1875 George T. Bailey was chosen clerk, 
Mr. Sawyer continuing treasurer, and Charles E. Cox, Da- 
vid H. Burbank and Nahum Brooks were chosen prudential 
committee. The value of the society's property is about 
eight thousand dollars. 

MERRIMACK-STREET FREE BAPTIST CHURCH. 

Those members of the First Freewill Baptist church who 
kept the records and claimed the name met for the first 
time for business January 11, 1860, in the brick church 
on the corner of Elm and Pleasant streets, formerly occu- 
pied by the Second (Calvinistic) Baptist society. George S. 
Holmes, who was the church clerk when the house on Mer- 
rimack street was occupied, was chosen clerk and treasurer 
March 21, 1860. In October of that year it was voted to 
adopt the name of the Elm-street Freewill Baptist Church. 
The Rev. J. B. Davis occupied the pulpit for a few months, 
and, March 27, 1861, the Rev. J. A. Knowles was installed 
as pastor, continuing such till the first of March, 1871. 

J. W. Severance, Samuel Gould and Stephen H. Rand- 
lett were chosen deacons March 21, 1860, and on the first 
of August Joseph E. Walker was added to their number. 
B. J. Robinson was elected April 3, 1861 ; Stevens James, 
February It, 1863 ; and John S. Folsom, January 1, 1868. 
Mr. Holmes, the first dork and treasurer, continued to act 
in that capacity till August 1, 1866, when Samuel Gould 
succeeded him. William H. Gate took his place January 
2, 1867, and was succeeded in January, 1871, by Timon M. 
Morse, who had acted as clerk since the previous March. 
Upon Mr. Morse's departure from town, George S. Holmes 
was chosen, December 31, 1874, to take his place. 

The financial affairs of the church were conducted by an 
association, like that which was formed in the other Free- 



190 Manchester. 

will Baptist church, till February, 1864, when the memheis 
of the congregation met to consider the propriety of form- 
ing a religious society. Samuel Gould was chosen chair- 
man, and William H. Gate, secretary, and John W. Sever- 
ance, Samuel Gould and Stevens James were appointed to 
draft a constitution. This was adopted February 22, 1864, 
and the following officers chosen: Samuel Gould, presi- 
dent: Stevens James, vice-president; William H. Gate, 
secretary; John S. Folsom, treasurer ; S. H. Eandlett, D. 
D. Goodwin and Jeremiah Russell, prudential committee. 
The name of the " Randall Freewill Baptist Society " was 
first taken, but it was voted, December 21, 1864, to change 
the name to that of "Elm-street Freewill Baptist Society." 

In 186.5 Ste})hen H. Randlettwas chosen vice-president; 
James M. Nutt, secretary ; Benjamin J. Robinson, William 
H. Gate and Gharles Davis, prudential committee. In 
1866 Benjamin J. Robinson succeeded Mr. Nutt as vice- 
president, and Joseph W. Bean, Stevens James and L. W. 
Nourse were elected prudential committee. The next year 
John S. Folsom became vice-president and D. D. Goodwin 
succeeded Mr. Nourse as a member of the prudential com- 
mittee. In 1868 Joseph W. Bean was chosen vice-presi- 
dent and W. H. Gate became a member of the prudential 
committee in place of Mr. Goo'dwin, and there was no 
change in the ne.xt year. In 1870 G. G. Frost was elected 
president ; Oscar M. Titus, vice-president ; Will G. Morse, 
secretary; John S. Folsom, treasurer; C. G. Frost, Timon 
M. Morse and Oscar M. Titus, prudential committee. 

The last record of this society is dated March 29, 1871, 
and on that day it was [succeeded by the Merrimack-street 
Freewill Baptist Society, the same organization with a 
change of name induced by the removal of the church and 
society about this time to their old house of worship on the 
corner of Merrimack and Ghestnut streets. Their officers 
were elected March 31, as follows: G. G. Frost, president ; 



Merrimack-Strbet Free Baptist Church. 191 

Timon M. Morse, vice-president ; James M. Clough, secre- 
tary ; Oscar M. Titus, treasurer ; Cliarles Davis, George A. 
Bailey and George H. Kenniston, prudential committee. 
The latter were succeeded in 1872 by B. J. Robinson, George 
S. Holmes and Charles Davis. There was no change in 

1873, and in 1874 C. C. Frost was chosen president ; Ti- 
mon M. Morse, vice-president ; Joseph E. Merrill, secre- 
tary ; George A. Bailey, treasurer ; Charles Davis, George 
S. Holmes and Timon M. Morse, prudential comqaittee. In 
1875 Joseph W. Bean was elected vice-president ; Will C. 
Morse, treasurer ; Charles Davis, Joseph W. Bean and 
Benjamin J. Robinson, prudential committee. 

The church remained but a few months in tlie old house 
and then declined, holding irregular meetings at the houses 
of the members, till 1873, when regular service was begun 
in the hall of the Young Men's Christian Association in 
Masonic Temple. The Rev. Samuel McKeown was in- 
stalled as pastor July 2, 1873. In 1874, gathering num- 
bers and strength, they returned once more to their first 
home and in April of that year bought the house and lot 
of Col. Waterman Smith, who had acquired them from the 
Unitarians. The church had assumed the name of the 
Merrimack-street Freewill Baptist Church in 1871, and in 

1874, in conformity to a new usage, changed the title of 
Freewill Baptist to that of Free Baptist. Mr. McKeown 
resigned July 1, 1874, and the Rev. George M. Park be- 
came pastor in November of that year. The church has 
about fifty members, and the real estate is estimated to be 
worth twelve thousand dollars. There are one hundred 
and twenty-five members of the Sunday-school, of which 
George S. Holmes is superintendent, and Joseph E. Walker 
assistant superintendent. 



192 Manchester. 

second advent church. 

Believers in the doctrine of what is known as the " sec- 
ond advent " probably held services in Manchester as early 
as 1843 and have continued them nearly all the time since, 
worshiping in Granite hall, Merrimack hall, in halls in the 
Museum building and in Merchants' Exchange, in other 
places and now in Martin's hall. They can hardly be said 
to have had any settled pastor, and not till 1870 any organ- 
ization. On tlie first of August of that year, after a pre- 
liminary meeting in July, they formed a society on the 
basis of a belief in the speedy coming of Christ and the 
adoption of the New Testament as a rule of life, making 
Christian character the only test of membership. 

At a meeting held August 8, 1870, a committee, which 
serves the purposes of a board of directors, was chosen, 
consisting of Andrew J. Mayhew, Elisha Slager and Or- 
lando Proctor. James W. C. Pickering was elected treas- 
urer and Enos C. Howlett and William A. Lovejoy were 
created deacons, Marshall J. Kendrick being joined with 
them in the office, June 3, 1872. All these officers contin- 
ued through 1871 and 1872. At the annual meeting in 
1873 L. H. Summers was chosen as secretary and treas- 
urer and John Wilson took Mr. Proctor's place as a mem- 
ber of the commitiee. April 2, 1873, M. B. Harvey was 
elected a member of the committee to succeed Mr. Slager. 
At the annual meeting of 1874 Andrew J. Mayhew, S. S. 
Hatch and Henry J. Hicks were chosen the committee, and 
the latter became secretary and treasurer. In 1875 these 
were succeeded as members of the committee by Elisha 
Slager, William A. Lovejoy and S. S. Hatch. There is a 
Sunday-school of seventy-five members connected with the 
church, of which Albert J. Sawyer is superintendent and 
Benjamin Flanders is assistant superintendent. 





^ ^(^r4^ 



First Christian Church. 193 

first christian church. 

On Wednesday evening, September 21, 1870, those who 
were interested in the formation of a society according to 
the faith of those who deem the name " Christian " suffi- 
ciently indicative of religious belief met, according to pre- 
vious notice, in Whitney's hall in Ferren's building, and 
were called to order by J. W. Wallace. It was decided to 
form a society, and G. W. Hancock, W. H. Cate and J. W. 
Wallace were chosen to draft a constitution and by-laws. 
On the nineteenth of the next month they met again and 
were organized as the First Christian Society of Manches- 
ter, adopting a constitution and choosing W, H. Cate presi- 
dent, J. M. Nutt vice-president, J. W. Wallace secretary 
and treasurer, and Cyrus Fenderson, Joseph Alsop and 
Noah Kenaston a prudential committee. The next year 
Elijah Rollins was chosen president, and Noah Kenaston 
vice-president. W. H. Cate was made treasurer and has 
continued such till the present time, while J. W. Wallace 
remained secretary and Mr. Kenaston 's place on the pru- 
dential committee was filled by Alanson Walker. In 1872 
the only change was in the prudential committee, Mr. Fen- 
derson and Mr. Wallace giving place to J. M. Xutt and Al- 
pheus Crosby. In November, 1872, however, upon the de- 
cease of Mr. Rollins, J. M. Nutt was appointed president. 
He continued in office in 1873, and Albert Gregory was 
elected vice-president; Abraham Alderson, secretary ; and 
J, W. Wallace, Edward Cogswell and John B. BicKford, pru- 
dential committee. Mr. Alderson resigned July 15, 1873, 
and was succeeded by the present secretary, N. A. Robin- 
son. In 1874 J. M. Nutt was chosen president ; Alpheus 
Crosby, vice-president; and Samuel Amsden, J. A. Carr and 
Frank E. Mason, prudential committee. In 1875 Alpheus 
Crosby became president ; John B. Bickford, vice-presi- 
dent ; James M. Nutt, secretary ; John A. Carr, C. A. Mc- 
Kelvie and Milton Proctor, prudential committee. 



194 Manchester. 

Men and women interested in what is technically known 
as the '"Christian" belief held meetings for religious pur- 
poses in Whitney's hall from August, 1870, till October, 
1871, being supplied during that time by occasional preach- 
ers. January 15, 1871, some of them, meeting in the hall 
for the purpose, adopted a constitution and were organized 
as the First Christian Church of Manchester, W. H. Cate 
acting as clerk. At a meeting held January 25, he was 
elected clerk and treasurer and remains such still. On 
the fifteenth of the next month Noah Kenaston and James 
M, Nutt were chosen deacons. The Rev. 0. J. Hancock was 
the first settled pastor, coming to the charge of the church 
August 6, 1871. The next month the latter had outgrown 
its first quarters and began worship in the city liall. Mr. 
Hancock left the church August 28, 1872, becoming, a few 
months later, superintendent of the Young Men's Chris- 
tian Association of this city. He was succeeded January 
5, 1873, by the present pastor, the Rev. Elisha H. Wright. 
The society owns no real estate, but leases the city hall as 
a place of worship. The church has a membership of one 
hundred and two, while the Sunday-school has a total at- 
tendance of two hundred. Tbe superintendent of the lat- 
ter is W. H. Cate, and the assistant superintendent Alfred 
B. Richardson. 

ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCHES. 

In July of 1844 the Rev. William McDonald came to 
Manchester to assume the charge in spiritual matters of 
the six hundred Roman Catholics in the city. They began 
worship the next year in Granite hall, and four years later 
began the erection of a brick church on the southeast cor- 
ner of Merrimack and Union streets, known as St. Ann's. 
After they had begun to hold services in it, it was found to 
be unsafe and they were compelled to take it down and re- 



Roman Catholic Churches. 195 

build it. The property, including a parsonage, is now val- 
ved at sixty thousand dollars. Mr. McDonald still remains 
the priest of St. Ann's and is at present assisted by the 
Rev. John Powers. 

With succeeding years the numbers of the denomination 
were multiplied and the Rev. John O'Brien became an as- 
sistant to Mr. McDonald. At length the increase justified 
the forming of another congregation and in 1869 St. Jo- 
seph's church was built on the southeast corner of Lowell 
and Pine streets, being dedicated April 18, 1869. The 
church and the parsonage are valued at eighty thousand 
dollars. Mr. O'Brien has continued as priest of the con- 
gregation. 

Among the features of the city's growth has been the in- 
crease of its Canadian-French inhabitants, who are attracted 
by the prospect of work in the manufactories. They are in 
general of the Roman Catholic faith, and they were organ- 
ized by themselves in 1871 under the charge of the Rev. 
J. A. Chevalier, and two years later, after occupying the 
church on the corner of Merrimack and Chestnut streets 
for a time, they built a church on the southwest corner of 
Beech and Spruce streets, called St. Augustine's, which, 
with the parsonage, is considered worth sixty thousand dol- 
lars. It was dedicated November 27, 1873. Mr. Chevalier 
has continued with the church since its formation. 

There is also supported by the Roman Catholics what is 
known as the " Convent of the Sisters of Mercy," which oc- 
cupies a brick building on the corner of Union and Laurel 
streets and was instituted in July, 1858. Mary Francis 
Xavier Warde is the "mother superior," and there are con- 
nected with it about forty nuns. Within its enclosure was 
started in April, 1870, an orphan asylum, which was moved 
after four years to the "Harris estate," which occupies nearly 
the whole square bounded by Pine, Hanover, Amherst and 
Union streets, and was bought for fifty thousand dollars. 



196 Manchester. 

About fifty orplians are generally supported there, employ- 
ing seven nuns in their care. 

The Roman Catholics of Manchester own three churches 
and parsonages, the orphan asylum and lot, two school- 
houses and lots, besides the convent and other buildings on 
the square bounded by Union, Laurel, Beech and Merri- 
mack streets, nearly all of which is theirs, a lot on the 
corner of Merrimack and Chestnut streets and two other 
pieces of land in the southern part of the city proper. 
The land and buildings aggregate in value, at a rough esti- 
mate, over three hundred and fifty thousand dollars. 

THE ARCHITECTURE OF THE CHURCHES. 

The church buildings, as a gener.il thing, were erected 
not far from 1839 and 1840, when religion was in haste to 
get a foothold upon tlie soil which was being so rapidly occu- 
pied by secular enterprise, and, though well adapted to the 
needs of that day, are not remarkable for grace and beauty. 
Some of them are too small, others correspond ill with the 
present condition of the societies which own them, and the 
general appearance of nearly all of them points to the past. 
Five, however, are of more modern date. 

Of these the oldest is Grace church, on the northwest 
corner of Lowell and Pine streets, which was built of stone 
to take the place of one called St. Michael's, which was 
owned by the same Episcopal parish and which stood upon 
tbe same spot. It is a model in architectural proportions 
and was built chiefly through the instrumentality of the 
Rev. L G. Hubbard, then rector of the church, a man of 
great energy and thorough devotion to the Episcopal faith. 
The corner-stone was laid on the fifth of June, 1860, and 
the church was consecrated on the fourth of December of 
the same year. The building committee consisted of tlie 
Rev. I. G. Hubbard, B. P. Martin, T. Wiggin Little and 



The Architecture op the Churches. 197 

George A. French. It is one hundred feet long, on Lowell 
street, and forty-five feet wide, on Pine street; forty feet 
high, from floor to ridge; with a tower one hundred and 
twenty feet high. It is built in the Gothic style, of un- 
coursed stone-work, with slated roof, and furnished with 
ornamental bronze-plated doors, made after designs by R. 
H. Slack of Boston, and has capacity for seating five hun- 
dred persons. The organ-room is in the tower, on the 
soutlieast corner, and the robing-room is just across the 
chancel. The original plans, drawn by Richard Upjohn of 
New York, contemplated a chapel on tiie northern side, 
which has never been built. The church is furnished 
throughout with windows of stained glass, has an apsidal 
chancel with three double lancet windows of cathedral 
glass, and is finished inside with black walnut. The in- 
terior has been handsomely frescoed in polychrome, the 
chancel in 1872, through the liberality of Col. B. F. Martin 
and the Hon. George B. Chandler, and the nave in 1874 at 
the expense of Col. Martin alone, wlio also gave the church 
its costly chandeliers. 

Curiously, the next church built was St. Joseph's, just 
across the way, on the southeast corner of Lowell and Pine 
streets. It was dedicated April 28, 1869, is the largest 
church in the city and the largest and most costly Roman 
Catholic church in the state. The church is built of brick, 
one hundred and thirty-seven feet long and seventy feet 
wide, with a vestry on the north-east corner, twenty-three 
feet in width and twenty-five in length, and a chapel on the 
southeast corner, twenty-three feet wide and fifty feet long. 
Its total length is thus about one hundred and sixty feet 
and the rear part is a hundred feet in length from north to 
south. The latter is two stories high and thus affords rooms 
for the Sunday-school and for general use. The height of 
the church, from floor to ridge, is thirty-five feet. In front 
is a tower, twenty-five feet square at the base, one hundred 



1 98 Manchester. 

and sixty-five feet high, and surmounted by a gilded cross. 
The roof is supported by twelve pillars with carved rafters. 
On each side of the house are twelve duplicate windows of 
stained glass, besides dormer windows in the roof, and eight 
in the chapel, in addition to others. At the eastern end, be- 
hind the elegant altar, is a triple chancel colored window, 
elaborately pictured, whose central figure is the Virgin 
Mary, while on the right are the Holy Family and on the 
left the mother of the Saviour teaching her child the Scrip- 
tures. The walls and ceiling are handsomely frescoed and 
tlie former are hung with pictures. The church contains 
two hundred and twelve pews, thus affording seats for thir- 
teen hundred people, outside of the gallery in the front, 
while the chapel has seats, in sight of the altar, for three 
hundred more. The church and land cost about seventy- 
five thousand dollars, besides the organ, which cost five 
thousand. The architect was P. C. Keeley of New York. 

The First Unitarian society dedicated, May 1, 1872, a 
house of worship to take the place of the one which they 
ol)tained by exclumge with the Freewill Baptists in 1859, 
and which tliey had outgrown. It is situated on the north- 
west corner of Concord and Beech streets, and is built of 
brick in the English decorated style and in the form of a 
cross. The audience-room is seventy-six feet long, seventy 
feet across through the transept and forty-five feet through 
the nave, with a chapel in the rear, sixty-five feet long and 
thirty-five feet wide, connected with which are the ladies' 
parlor, the pastor's study and a kitchen. The interior of 
the church is ornamented with columns, from whoso capi- 
tals arches spring nearly to the apex of the roof. The 
whole is finished in asli and walnut, the organ-case and 
desk being of solid l)lack walnut, and the windows are of 
stained glass. The total cost of the church, exclusive of 
land, was thirty-five thousand dollars. The architect was 
George E. Dickey of this city and the building committee 



The Architecture of the Churches. 199 

consisted of Ezekiel A. Straw, Elijah M. Tubbs, Clinton W. 
Stanley, Abraham P. Olzcndani, David B. Varney, Charles 
L. Richardson and Nathaniel W. Cumner. 

The- (ire of July 8, 1870, which entailed loss upon so 
many pec^le, was to none so great a blessing as to the 
members of the First Baptist society. Their church, then 
thirty years old, was burned to the ground, but in less than 
three years another, which far surpassed it in convenience, 
elegance and value, arose to take its place. Its corner- 
stone was laid July 15, 1871, and it was dedicated April 
30, 1873. It is situated on the southwest corner of Con- 
cord and Union streets, upon land bought of George W. 
Morrison and David P. Perkins for three thousand dollars. 
It was built in the pure Romanesque style of architecture, 
of brick trimmed with white granite, and is one hundred 
and fourteen feet long, seventy-four feet wide, and eighty 
feet from floor to ridge. On the southeast corner is a 
ventilating-tower one hundred feet high, and on the north- 
east corner a bell-tower, twenty-two feet square at the base 
and one hundred and sGventy-five feet high, surmounted 
by a large cross. The windows are of ground glass with 
stained borders and the roof is slated, with ornamental 
railings running on the tops of the ridges. On the first 
floor is the vestry, with parlors and kitchen. On the sec- 
ond is the audience-room, eighty feet long and sixty feet 
wide, with black walnut pews which contain seats for a 
thousand persons. Back of the desk is a recess for the or- 
gan, on one side of which is a room for the use of the choir 
and on the other the pastor's study, and there is a gallery 
at the eastern end. The interior is becomingly frescoed, 
and the ceiling is in the form of a segmental arch. The 
church cost not far from sixty-one thousand five hundred 
dollars ; the organ, which contains thirteen hundred and 
seventy-two pipes, cost forty-five hundred dollars: and the 
bell, which weighs about a ton, cost a thousand dollars and 



200 Manchester. 

is inscribed with the names of its givers — Deacon Seth J. 
Sanborn and Deacon Orison Hardy. The architect of the 
church was William H. Myers and the building committee 
consisted of Joseph B. Clark, William H. Wilson, Ephraim 
S. Peabody, Joseph E. Bennett, Charles Brown and Otis 
Barton. 

In 1873 the French Roman Catholics, who had been wor- 
shiping in buildings which they rented of others, had in- 
creased to such an extent, under the ministrations of the 
Rev. Mr. Chevalier, that it was resolved to build a church 
of their own. The resolution was carried into effect and 
the church was dedicated November 27, 1873. It is built 
of brick, in the English Gothic style, in the form of a cross, 
and is situated on the southwest corner of Spruce and 
Beech streets. It is one hundred and twenty-five feet 
through the nave, fifty-six feet through the transept, with 
a tower one hundred and sixty feet high. It contains a 
handsome altar, the walls are frescoed and the chancel is 
adorned with the usual pictures. It contains one hundred 
and seventy pews, affording sea4s for about a thousand 
people. The windows are of stained glass and each one 
contains the picture of a saint. These were the gifts of 
individuals of the congregation. The cost of the church 
was about forty thousand dollars and the architect was 
George E. Dickey of this city. 

YOUNG men's christian ASSOCIATION, 

On the twenty-fourth of February, 1854, the young men 
of the several " evangelical " churches of the city were in- 
vited to meet on the third of the next month to consult 
and take action in reference to " making systematic Chris- 
tian effort to help young men and uniting in a closer bond 
Christians of different denominations." The call was 
signed by the following: Samuel Gould, Abram Brigham, 




%L— ^ 
-J^-^. 




^J^^> 



y^ 



Young Men's Christian Association. 201 

Alfred B. Soiile, John C. Tasker, Samuel C. Bartlett, John 
M. Sawyer, William Grey, Davis Baker, William C. Kim- 
ball, Edward A. Jenks, Samuel A. Hood, Nathaniel Her- 
rick, James 0. Adams, John Paige, Charles Hosmer, C. C. 
Kenistou, George W. Stevens, I. G. Hubbard, W. D. Buck, 
C. P. Bradbury, William Hartshorn, 

In accordance with that invitation a meeting was held at 
that time at the vestry of the First Congregational church 
and was called to order by Samuel Gould. Abram Brig- 
ham was chosen chairman, and John M. Sawyer secretary. 
It was voted to form an association for the purposes named 
in the call and a committee was chosen to draft a constitu- 
tion. xVt a meeting held March 17, in the vestry of the 
Franklin-street church, this was adopted and officers were 
chosen as follows : William G. Means, president ; John E. 
Tasker and E. B. Merrill, vice-presidents : J. S. Harriman, 
recording secretary ; J. M. Col)urn, corresponding secre- 
tary ; Alfred B. Soule. treasurer; J. D. Jones, librarian ; be- 
sides one director from each of the "evangelical" churches 
in the city. At the first annual meeting. May 15, 1854, 
these were re-elected. 

The association held meetings at the vestries of several 
churches till June, when it occupied the hall in Patten's 
block for a place of meeting and a reading-room. January 
20, 1855, it met for the first time in a hall in Smyth's 
block, which had just been built by William Patten, Fred- 
erick Smyth and Daniel W. Fling. The hall was in the 
third story and next to Spring street. 

In 1855 Elisha Adams was elected president ; J. C. Wing 
and Abraham Burton, vice-presidents ; Samuel Upton, re- 
cording secretary ; Samuel C. Bartlett, corresponding sec- 
retary ; Alfred B. Soule, treasurer ; Sylvanus Bunton, li- 
brarian. 

The next year the president was John P. Newell ; vice- 
presidents, W. H. Gilmore and J. U. Farnham ; recording 

1 '^ 



202 Manchester. 

secretary, Justus D. Watson ; corresponding secretary, E. 
B. Merrill; treasurer, John M. Sawyer; librarian, Sylva- 
nus Bunton. In 1857 8amuel Upton was chosen presi- 
dent; Justus D. Watson and George Holbrook, vice-])resi- 
dents; J. U. Farnhara, recording secretary ; Lyman Marsh- 
all, corresponding secretary; Sylvanus Bunton, treasurer 
and librarian. 

In 1858 the officers were : Justus D. Watson, president; 
George Holbrook and D. B. Nelson, vice-presidents ; H. C. 
Bullard, recording secretary ; Henry Hill, corresponding 
secretary ; Sylvanus Bunton, treasurer and librarian. The 
next year Silas Hamilton was elected president; D. W. 
Davis and Wallace L. Rogers, vice-presidents ; George E. 
Fisher, recording seci-etary ; George A. Bowman, corres- 
ponding secretary ; Samuel Upton, treasurer ; Sylvanus 
Bunton, librarian. 

In 18G0 the president was John G. Lane; vice-presidents, 
Anson C. Coult and George S. Marshall ; recording secre- 
tary, John M. Sawyer ; corresponding secretary, John P. 
Newell ; treasurer, Holmes R. Fettee ; librarian, Eben Fer- 
ren. During that year the association gave up its rooms 
in Smyth's block and moved to what is now Whitney's 
hall in Ferren's building. A new constitution was adopted 
and a new election was held in September, which resulted 
in the choice of the existing officers with the exception of 
vice-presidents and librarian; W. 0. Abbott and H. C. Bul- 
lard being elected to the former office, and J. N. Childs to 
the latter. 

The last election was held in 1861, when James Stoop 
and J. McAllister succeeded to the office of vice-president, 
T. P. Kinsley to that of j-ecording secretary and J. Nowell 
to that of treasurer, the rest of the officers being re-elected. 
The coming on of the War of the Rebellion hastened the de- 
crease of the association, though the lack of means had al- 
ready crippled it. At length, March 3, 1862, the associa- 



Young Mkn's Christian Association. 203 

tion held its last meeting, when it appointed J. M. Sawyer, 
J. S. Abbott and G. W. Rogers a committee to close its af- 
fairs and report to its oilicers. The latter met on the last 
day of March and appointed George W. Rogers, Holmes R. 
Pettee, James Stoop, J. C. FoUansbee and John D. Patter- 
son a board of trustees to have charge in trust of the prop- 
erty of the association. Some of it was sold to pay debts, 
some was kept and delivered to the association which was 
formed six years later, some of the papers were sent to the 
soldiers, its library was loaned to the city library till the 
new association was formed and obtained it, and its records 
remain in the hands of John D. Patterson, who was ap- 
pointed at a meeting of the board of trustees, November 3, 
1862, to assume charge of all the association's effects and 
settle all its bills. 

Six years later the idea of a Young Men's Christian As- 
sociation was revived and a meeting of those who were 
interested in its formation was held March 30, 18(38, in the 
vestry of the Franklin-sti'eet clinrch. It was called to or- 
der by John D. Patterson, and Marshall P. Hall was chosen 
secretary. A committee was appointed to draft a constitu- 
tion, whicii was reported and adopted the next month, and 
on the thirteenth the following officers were elected ; Fran- 
cis W. Parker, president; Richard J. P. Goodwin, vice- 
president; Charles L. Bailey, secretary ; Jasper P. George, 
treasurer ; John P. Newell, librarian ; George Holbrook, 
auditor ; and a board of directors, one from each church. 
The first annual election was held in May when John P. 
Newell was chosen vice-president ; Marshall P. Hall, cor- 
responding secretary, and Eben F. Brown, librarian, the 
rest continuing in office. 

In 1861) John P. Newell was elected president and has 
held the office ever since ; William H. Gate was chosen 
vice-president : Marshall P. Hall, corresponding secretary ; 
A. B. Putnam, recording secretary ; H. B. Sawyer, treas- 



204 Manchester. 

urer ; Frank Biickminster, librarian ; George Holbrook, au- 
ditor. There were but two changes the next year, Holmes 
R. Pettee becoming recording secretary, and Henry B. Fair- 
banks treasurer. In 1871 the vice-president and the au- 
ditor changed places and George C. Kemp became libra- 
rian. In 1872 Mr. Pettee was succeeded as recording sec- 
retary by Warner J. Barton. In 1873 the office of corres- 
ponding secretary was abolished, and Charles A. Adams 
was elected secretary ; W. H. Gate, treasurer; and John C. 
Balch, auditor. In 1874 C. A. Davenport was elected sec- 
retary, but subsequently resigned and was succeeded l)y 
James M. Mcintosh. Holmes R. Pettee became treasurer 
and Charles A. Adams auditor. 

The association's rooms were at first in Merchants' Ex- 
change over the office of the Hon. Daniel Clark, but, upon 
the rebuilding of Masonic Temple after the fire of 1870, 
the association moved thither. In 1872 the Rev. O. J. 
Hancock, who had just resigned the pastorate of the Chris- 
tian church, was appointed superintendent of the associa- 
tion, devoting all his time to its work. He held tlie office 
but a little while and in May of the next year, when the 
office of corresponding secretary was abolished, a new offi- 
cer was appointed, under the name of general secretary, to 
take tlie place of a superintendent, and C. P. Well man was 
elected to that position. He resigned in July, and the Jiext 
February George Mui-dough, the present general secretary, 
was chosen to his office. The association has now about 
three hundred members and is supported by the contribu- 
tions of the churches and the proceeds of an annual lec- 
ture-course. It has a free library and reading-room, sus- 
tains religious services in its rooms, at the jail and reform 
school, and in the suburban districts. The old church in 
Piscataquog village was bequeathed to it in trust by Mrs. 
Mary P. Harris, and under its aus))ices services are con- 
ducted there on Sundays by the clergymen of the city. 



Young Wombn's Christian Association. 205 

YOUNG women's CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATION. 

There liad long been established an association designed 
to be of service to the young men of the city, when, in 1872, 
the idea was conceived, by some of the women connected 
with the Franklin-street church, of a similar society, to be 
composed of young women and whose object should be to 
prove beneficial to persons of the same sex. Accordingly, 
September 23, 1872, such a society was formed, to be 
known as the Young Women's Christian Association. At 
the first meeting there were elected, for president, Mrs. 
William J. Tucker ; vice-president, Mrs. David Cross ; sec- 
retary and treasurer, Miss Josie A. Bosher ; auditor. Miss 
Alice A. Abbott; directors, Mrs. William W. Brown, Miss 
Emma J. Lincoln, Mrs. Henry B. Fairbanks, Miss Jennie 
Paige, Miss Ellen McCarrol, Mrs. Frederick Smyth. 

The officers were continued through the next year, but 
in 1874 Mrs. William J. Tucker was elected president; 
Mrs. David Cross, vice-president; Miss Josie A. Bosher, 
secretary ; Miss Alice A. Abbott, treasurer ; Miss Sarah P. 
Howard, auditor ; Mrs. William W. Brown, Miss Fannie E. 
Butman, Miss Mary Emma White, Mrs. E. M. Wadleigh, 
Miss Anna E. Willard, Mrs. A. M. Scott, directors. One 
of the vestries of the Franklin-street church was obtained 
for the use of the association, and, by the efforts of the 
members, the contributions of funds and appropriations 
from the church, the room has been supplied with books 
and made attractive with pictures, a number of newspapers 
and periodicals being regularly taken and kept on file there. 
The room is open every evening and all young women in 
the city are invited to make it their home for the time. 
Miss Sarah J. Fitzpatrick — now Mrs. Thomas Bailey — was 
appoiuted to take charge of the rooms and continued as 
superintendent till June, 1874, when she was succeeded by 
Mrs. M. J. Buncher. Since the latter's accession to the 



206 Manchester. 

office, a small circulating library has been set in operation 
for the convenience of those who prefer to carry books 
home to read. The room is very pleasant and affords an 
attractive resort for young women who are strangers in the 

city or who have no other home than a boarding-house. 

• 

PISCATAQUOG AID SOCIETY. 

Out of a "sewing-circle," which had enjoyed for a number 
of years the life of sewing-circles in general, the women of 
Piscataquog village formed, January 27, 1860, the Piscat- 
aquog Aid Society, with eiglity or ninety members, whose 
objects were defined to be the " promotion of social and 
friendly feeling and amusement and the raising of funds 
to aid the cause of benevolence." It was controlled en- 
tirely by women, though men were admitted to member- 
ship. Its meetings were held at the old academy and at 
the houses of the members, and its funds were devoted, 
now to the benefit of the church, and now to the relief of 
the poor. During the war it did good service in making 
clothing for the soldiers at the front and those in the hos- 
pital in tbis city. 

Its first president was Miss Philinda P. Parker ; vice- 
president, Mrs. E. M. Riddle ; secretary, Miss Ellen B. 
French ; treasurer, Mrs. C. S. Fisher. In 1861 Mrs. C. S. 
Fisher became president ; Mrs. Ira Barr, vice-president ; 
Miss Mary A. Parker, secretary; and Mrs. Daniel K. Mack, 
treasurer. These were re-elected the next year. In 1863 
Mrs. Ira Barr was elected president; Mrs. Daniel K. Mack, 
vice-president ; Miss Lucy M. Rundlett, secretary ; and Miss 
Philinda P. Parker, treasurer. These, also, were re-elected 
to serve for another year. In 1865 Mrs. Charles K. Walker 
was chosen president ; Mrs. D. B. Eastman, vice-president; 
Miss Emilie Parker, secretary ; and Mrs. Edward Bryant, 
treasurer. 



Manchester Women's Aid and Relief Society. 207 

Meetings were held throughout this year, but there is no 
record beyond January 5, 1866, and the society's life was 
temporarily suspended, to be re-awakened in 1872, when 
the meetings were once more begun and have since been 
kept up. At the time of revival Mrs. John Smith was 
chosen president ; Mrs. John 0. Parker, vice-president ; 
Miss Lucy M. Rundlett, secretary ; Mrs. Allen N. Clapp, 
treasurer. In 1874 Mrs. Smith was succeeded as president 
by Mrs. D. K. Mack, and Mrs. Parker as vice-president by 
Mrs. N. T. Folsom. In 1875 Mrs. N. T. Folsom was elected 
president ; Mrs. Mary A. Hai-tshorn, vice-president ; Miss 
Ellen P. Walker, secretary and treasurer. 

The society has now about one hundred members and 
combines, as before, benevolence with social recreations. 
Social meetings are held every fortnight and the society 
meets twice a week in the winter for work. It derives its 
funds from assessments upon its meml^ers and the proceeds 
of entertainments. Its beneficiaries are the poor of Piscat- 
aquog village, a large number of its inhabitants being op- 
eratives in the mills across tlie river and out of work in 
times of dull business. It supplies to that village the aid 
which other societies afford to other parts of the city, and 
does a praiseworthy work. 

MANCHESTER WOMEN'S AID AND RELIEF SOCIETY. 

The depression of business in 1873 and 1874 threw many 
in Manchester out of employment and thus added to the 
number of the destitute, so that at the close of 1874 there 
was more suffering from poverty in the city than for many 
years before. No organization for purely charitable pur- 
poses existed and the only approximation to relief for the 
poor was afforded by the city missionary, the time and 
means at whose command were totally inadequate to im- 
mediate needs. The Rev. Mr. Tucker, the pastor of the 



208 Manchester. 

Franklin-street society, enlisted the sympathies of some of 
the women of the society in the matter, who made a can- 
vass of the city and thus revealed to what extent and in 
what extremity destitution prevailed. 

Their labors discovered that no one society was compe- 
tent for the relief of all the needy, and in view of this fact 
and in pursuance of a belief that something ought at once 
to be done, a circular was sent, under date of January 19, 
1875, to representatives of all the Protestant religious soci- 
eties of the city, inviting them to meet two days later at 
the residence of Mrs. J. G. Cilley to assist in the formation 
of a women's society for charitable purposes. In answer to 
the call a large number of persons met at the place ap- 
pointed, adopted a constitution and formed an organization 
under the name of the Manchester Women's Aid and Ee- 
lief Society, electing the following officers : president, Mrs. 
B. F. Martin ; vice-presidents, Mrs. P. C. Cheney, Mrs. 
Phinehas Adams, Mrs. John S. Kidder, Mrs. William L. 
Killey, Mrs. Henry C. Reynolds, Mrs. Edson Hill, Mrs. Is- 
rael Dow, Mrs. George S. Holmes, Mrs. H. F. Wood, Mrs. 
A. R. Wright, Mrs. James Dean ; secretary. Miss Olive 
Rand ; treasurer, Mrs. Aretas Blood ; directors, Mrs. James 
A. Weston, Mrs. Lucien B. Clough, Mrs. W. W. Brown, 
Mrs. John B. Clarke, Mrs. D. B. Varney, Mrs. Frederick 
Smyth, Mrs. Bradbury P. Cilley, Mrs. J. G. Cilley, Mrs. 
George B. Chandler, Mrs. Moody Currier, Mrs. A. H. Dan- 
iels, Mrs. Frederick C. Dow, Mrs. George A. French, Mrs. 
Samuel P. Jackson, Mrs. William B. Johuson, Mrs. Orison 
Hardy, Mrs. George Holbrook, Mrs. Aaron Ferren, Mrs. 
Allen N. Clapp, Mrs. H. W. Herrick, Mrs. Joseph F. Ken- 
nard, Mrs. R. M. Miller, Mrs. William B. Webster, Mrs. 
John E. Stearns, Mrs. George W. Riddle, Mrs. James 
Baldwin, Mrs. Thomas Dunhip, Mrs. A. J. Lane, Mrs. Sam- 
uel Webber, Mrs. John F. Kennard. 

The eleven vice-presidents are chosen, one from each of 



Manchester Women's Aid and Relief Society. 209 

the religious societies of the place. The payment of fifty 
cents annually constitutes any woman a member of the so- 
ciety. Any person may become an honorary member by 
the annual payment of five dollars, and any person may 
become a life member upon payment of fifty dollars. The 
income of the society is derived from these sources and the 
life-membership fees are invested for a permanent fund. 
The society has divided the city into nineteen districts and 
assigned directors to each to have them in special charge 
and to explore them for cases of destitution. In the first 
fortnight of its existence the society had obtained, with no 
special effort, nearly five hundred dollars, and now rests 
upon a firm footing. It supplies a want which has always 
existed in the city but never in such proportions as at the 
present time. 



MISCELLANEOUS SOCIETIES. 




ANCHESTER is a City adapted by the conditions of its 
birth and growth to the element of secret societies, 
and they had here an early start and have grown 
vigorously since. The more prominent secret orders are 
considered by themselves in this chapter. Different temper- 
ance associations early took root but have withered away, 
with the exception of those recently started. Military or- 
ganizations, of one kind and another, have always been 
sustained. Of other societies there is no limit, each year 
adding to the number, and each nationality crystallizing by 
inherent tendencies into associations peculiar to itself. 

FREE MASONS. 

The history of Free Masonry in Manchester begins in the 
year 1845, when Lafayette Lodge was removed from Bed- 
ford, the place of its nativity, to this side of the river, and 
a room was fitted for its occupancy in the attic of Dunck- 
lee's block over the " old family store," now kept by John 
M. Chandler. Within two years it had so prospered as to 
require a larger and better hall, which was found in the 
next story, and was dedicated in December, 1847, by the 
Grand Lodge. A dinner was served at the Manchester 
House and an oration was delivered by Sylvanus Cobb of 
Boston. This was the only Masonic body in the city till 
September, 1847, when Mount Horeb Royal Arch Chapter 
began its existence. 



212 • Manchester. 

In September, 1853, Trinity Commandry, which had its 
birth in Hanover and after some years came to its death in 
Lebanon, found its resurrection in Manchester. These 
three Masonic bodies continued to hold meetings in the 
hall in Duncklee's block till April, 1856, when they occu- 
pied a hall and other rooms in a building on Hanover 
street, to which this circumstance gave the name of Ma- 
sonic Temple. The burning in February of that year of 
the hall occupied by the Odd Fellows gave the Masons an 
opportunity to offer them the use of their own, a courtesy 
which was accepted, and which was returned when the 
great lire of 1870 swept away Masonic Temple. 

In September, 1856, a new body arose under the name 
of Adoniram Council, and in January of the next year 
Washington Lodge began to work under a dispensation. 
In May, 1863, another body was organized under the title 
of Winslow Lewis Lodge of Perfection, John D. Patterson 
being its Thrice Illustrious Grand Commander, but it was 
found best to surrender its charter and the lodge was con- 
solidated with Aaron P. Hughes Lodge of Nashua. This 
lodge was named in honor of Dr. Winslow Lewis of Bos- 
ton, a very prominent Mason and especially in connection 
with the " Scottish rites." No event of special prominence 
occurred in the Masonic history of Manchester till July, 
1870, when the Masonic Temple was burned to the ground, 
little of the property of the order being saved. But an- 
other soon arose upon the same spot to take its place and 
in it the Masons now find excellent accommodations. 

The latest addition to the Masonic orders in the city was 
made in May, 1873, when Labarum Council of Knights of 
the Illustrious Order of Knights of the Red Cross of Rome 
and of Constantino was organized. 

Members of the fraternity in Manchester formed, April 
14, 1874, an organization under the name of the Masonic 
Relief Association, whose object was to provide for the 



FiuoK Masons. 213 

families of members after the death of tlie latter. It af- 
fords, practically, a system of life insurance for a small 
amount, with simple and inexpensive machinery, a person 
previously designated by a member receiving, upon his 
death, as many dollars as there are members of the asso- 
ciation. When the first death occurred, the sum due from 
the association was provided by the initiation fees which 
all had paid upon joining, and an assessment of a dollar 
was at once levied upon each member, thus providing the 
sum needed when the second death happened. In this 
way the sum due, when a death occurs, is kept on hand in 
readiness for immediate payment. 

It has been said that Lafayette Lodge had its birth in 
Bedford. The first record of the steps which led to its 
formation is that of a meeting of several Masons of Bed- 
ford and vicinity, held at the house of Thomas Rundlett 
in Bedford, March 4, 1824. Mr. Rundlett, who was after- 
Avards Master of the Grand Lodge of the state, lived at 
that time upon the River road, not far from what is now 
known as the " McGaw place." There were present at that 
meeting Joseph CuUey, Jonathan Dowse, Samuel Chesman, 
John Martin, Adam Smith, jr., James Darrah, jr., Thomas 
Harris, Thomas Rundlett, Otis Batchelder, John GotFe, 
Adam Gilmore, Jesse Richardson, Mace Moulton, William 
P. Riddle, Lewis F. Harris, Diocletian Melvin, James Mc- 
Kean Wilkins, William Wallace, John Langley, Josiah 
Gordon, John Moore, William McDoel Ferson, and Robert 
Dunlap. A few of these men were not Master Masons at 
the time, but had taken, some one and some two degrees 
in Bible Lodge in Goffstown. There are of these but two 
now living — Gen. William P. Riddle of Bedford, and John 
Langley. 

It was voted at this meeting to annul the doings of all 
former meetings, whatever they may have been, and Robert 
Dunlap was chosen the first Master of the proposed lodge ; 



214 Manchester. 

Thomas Ruiidlett, first Senior Warden ; and John Moore, 
first Junior Warden. At the same time it was voted to 
accept a petition to the Grand Lodge of the state, prepared 
by James McK. Wilkins, asking for the establishment of a 
lodge in Bedford, to be known as Lafayette Lodge, Number 
Forty-one. The name was adopted in honor of the Mar- 
quis DeLafayette, who was just then making his last visit 
to this country. The petition was signed l)y all present, 
with the exception of Samuel Ciiesman, Adam Smith, jr., 
Thomas Harris, John Goffe, Adam Gilmore and John 
Langley, and with the addition of Joseph A. E. Long, 
James Harvell and Thomas Pollard, jr. 

The petition, endorsed by Bible Lodge in Goffstown, Be- 
nevolent Lodge in Milford and Blazing Star Lodge in Con- 
cord, was presented to the Grand Lodge at its session in 
June of that year, and a letter of dispensation, bearing 
date June 9, 1824, was granted, under which a lodge was 
formed and " opened in the first degree " on the succeed- 
ing Monday. At that time the election of officers was 
proceeded with and it was voted to hold succeeding meet- 
ings in a hall over a store in Piscataquog village, owned by 
Gen. William P. Riddle, and which stood where the Amos- 
keag brewery is now situated. On the first day of Septem- 
ber of the same year the lodge was formally consecrated by 
the Grand Lodge, its officers installed and its charter re- 
ceived. A procession was formed which marched from the 
hall to the meeting-honse on the hill, where a sermon was 
preached by the Rev. Joseph A. E. Long, who was prol)ably 
at that time sup])]ying the Presbyterian church there. 

For four years the lodge prospered, but in 1828, when 
the war against Masonry arose, this lodge, in common with 
the rest, felt its effects, no man l)cing initiated into its mys- 
teries for seventeen years. However, the lodge held its 
meetings, elected and installed its officers at the regular in- 
tervals, and preserved its life till its removal to the new 



Free Masons. 



215 



town across the river in August, 1845. From tliat time till 
tlie present its record lias been one of prosperity, and little 
has occurred to distinguish its life from that of the other 
Masonic bodies in the city. At a special meeting in De- 
cember, 1848, Okah Tubbee, otherwise known as William 
Chubbee, a chief of the Choctaw tribe of Indians residing 
on the l)orders of Arkansas, took the first three degrees of 
Masonry under a dispensation for that purpose. The lodge 
has now about three hundred members. 

The following have been Masters of the lodge since its 
formation : 



1824-5. Kobert Duulap. 1850. 

1826. John Moore. 1851. 

1827. Joseph Colley. 1852. 

1828. Diocletian Melvin. 1853-4. 

1829. Otis Batchelder. 1855, 
1830-31. Thomas G.Peckhani. 1856. 

1832. Thomas Ruiullett. 1857-8, 

1833. Eobert Dunhip. 18.";9. 

1834. John Wells. 1860. 

1835. Joseph Colley. 1801. 
l«36-8. William McD. Person. 1862-4. 
1839-43. Jonathan Dowse. 1865-6. 
1844-5. Robert Dunlap. 1.S67-8. 

1846. James MeK. Wilkins. 1809. 

1847. Daniel Baleh. 1870-1. 

1848. David S. Palmer. 1872-3, 

1849. Monroe G. J. Tewks- 1874. 



James Collins. 
Thomas Rundlett. 
John C. i^ford. 
Albert P. Colby. 
John r. Duucklee. 
John B. Fish. 
Henry T. Mowatt. 
John B. Fish. 
Ezra Huntington. 
John B. Fish. 
Bufus L, Bartlett. 
Joseph £. Bennett. 
Charles F. Warren. 
William B. Lane. 
David O. Furnald. 
Alpheus Gny. 
Frank T. E. Richard- 
son. 



bury. 

Mount Horeb Royal Arch Chapter, Number Eleven, is 
the next in order of institution, beginning its existence 
September 1, 1847, when nine Royal Arch Masons of this 
city held a preliminary meeting and chose Daniel Balch 
High Priest, receiving a dispensation November 15, 1847, 
and being regularly chartered September 7, 1848. The 
petition for the charter was signed by Charles W. Adams, 
Daniel C. Gould, Ira Bliss, Daniel Balch, William Shep- 
herd, James A. Gregg, David S. Palmer, Leonard Dakin, 
Amnion Piatt and James H. Fowler. It derives its name 
from allusions in the chapter ceremonies to the Mount 



216 " Manchester. 

Horeb of the Holy Land. It lias now ahout two hundred 

and twenty members, and the following gives the names 

of its chief officers, with the title of Most Excellent High 

Priest, and the dates of their installation : 

Daniel Balch, September 7, 1848. 

Theodore T. Abbot, September 28, 1850. 

Isaac C. Flanders, September 15, 1852. 

Albert P. Colby, September 15, 1854. 

George W. Morrison, Septeml)er 28, 1855. 
Edward \V. Harringtou, September 20, 1856. 

Zebiua Perry, October 9, 1858. 

Daniel C. Gould, September 28, 1859. 

-John 13. Fish, October 3. 1860. 

Nathaniel W. Cumuer, October 8, 1862. 

John D. Patterson, October 19, 1864. 

Asahel A. Balch, Octolter 10, 1866. 

George H. True, April 8, 1868. 

Joseph E. Bennett, April 21, 1870. 

Joseph Kidder, April 2:?, 1872. 

Alpheus Gay, April 16, 1874. 

Trinity Commandry of Knights Templars was the first 
commandry in the state and the year of its first organiza- 
tion antedates that of Lafayette Lodge, though it was not 
instituted at Manchester till 18;3'2. The commandries are 
more intinuitely associated tlian any other of the Masonic 
orders, in their history and ceremonies, with the Christian 
religion ; the Crusades, in which the Knights Templars 
bore so prominent a part, being undertaken to gain pos- 
session of the sepulchre of the founder of that faith ; and 
in accordance with this religious idea the commandry in 
Manchester derives its name. It was first chartered as 
Tiinity Encampment, March 24, 1824, when the petition- 
ers were James Freeman Dana, James Poole, Timothy 
Kenrick, Amos Bugbee, Ammi B. Young, Alpheus Baker, 
George W. Culver, Henry Hutchinson and George E. 
Wales. It was first located at Hanover, and, several years 
later, was removed to Lebanon. There it continued in ex- 
istence till about ISoiJ, when it sunk in tlie general de|)res- 
sion of the Masonic interest. At the last meeting of which 
any record remains, May 30, 1880, Alpheus Baker was 



Free Masons. 217 

elected Commander. Its own records show that Timothy 
Kenrick, who had been elected Commander in 1827, was 
re-elected in 1828, but it appears from the meagre records 
of the Grand Encampment that Amos Bugbee was Trinity's 
Commander in 1829. Its own records make no mention of 
any occurrence in 1829, but declare Alpheus Baker elected 
Commander in 1830. There is no means of knowing who 
held the office in 1831, but in 1832 Timothy Kenrick was 
present in the Grand Encampment as the Commander of 
Trinity, and by the returns made to that body in 1833 Al- 
pheus Baker was named as commander. It was repre- 
sented in the Grand Encampment by an inferior officer in 
1834, that body holding no meeting the next year, and in 
1836 and 1837 certain of its members were chosen officers 
of the Grand Encampment, and there the record ends. 

This encampment, together with DeWitt Clinton and 
Mount Horeb Encampments, then respectively of Ports- 
mouth and Hopkinton, which had been already organized, 
formed in 1826 the Grand Encampment of the state. At 
a meeting of the latter in 1827 it was resolved to desig- 
nate eacb encampment by numl)ers according to priority 
of formation, tbe encampment in Hanover thus becoming 
Trinity Encampment Number One. It retained this title 
till 1873, when designation by numbers was abolished by 
the Grand Encampment. 

In tbe fall of 1851, at a meeting in Manchester of former 
members of the encampment, the subject of re-organiza- 
tion was discussed and subsequently a petition was drawn 
vp and sent to the General Grand Generalissimo of the 
United States, asking permission to revive the deceased 
encampment and to hold it in the city of Manchester. The 
petition was signed by George E. Wales, Jacob Carter, 
Charles W. Adams, Joshua Blaisdell, Daniel C. Gould, 
Timothy Kenrick, Calvin Benton, Brackett L. Greenough, 
Duty Stickney and Elias Frost. It was received, March 22, 

14 



21S Manchester. 

1852, by the officer to whom it was sent, who held that he 
had no authority to revive a deceased encampment, but he 
granted the petitioners a dispensation to open and hold an 
encampment in Manciiester under the name of Trinity En- 
campment Number One, which they accordingly did, ex- 
pecting that their original charter would be revived at the 
next meeting of the General Grand Encampment of the 
United States. When this body met, however, it issued a 
new charter under date of September 19, 1853, which 
Trinity Encampment at first rcfiised to accept, and subse- 
quently took under protest. In 1856 it assumed the name 
of Commaudry in conformity with an order of the supreme 
body, by which all subordinate encampments were thus 
designated. Four years later, in accordance with the com- 
mandry's wishes and in conformity with what was then 
deemed the policy of the order, the Grand Master of the 
United States declared the original charter revived and 
restored by an order dated March 23, 1860. Thus, from 
that time on, the commaudry has been held by virtue of 
the restored charter, the charter of 1853 being preserved 
by the commaudry as proof of its right to an existence 
from 1853 to 1860. It has now about one hundred and 
eighty members. Its Commanders and the dates of their 
installation, so far as the records give them, follow : 

James F. Dana, May 18, 1824. 

Timothy Kenrick, April 25, 1827. 

Alpheus Baker, May 3, 1830. 
Amos Bugbee, 

Daniel Balch, March 22, 1852. 

Charles W. Adams, October 16, 1856 

Daniel C. Gould, November 12, 1857. 

Theodore T. Abbot, October 14, 18;-;9. 

John S. Kidder, November 22, I860. 

Isaac C. Flanders, November 6, 1862. 
Edward W. Harrington, November 2, 1864. 

John D. Patterson, November 28, 1866. 

John IS. Kidder, November 20, 1868. 

Daniel F. Straw, Novemb^ r 9, 1869. 

John N. Bruce, November 22^ 1872. 

Albert Jackson, November 11, 1873. 



Free Masons. 219 

By the year 1856 the Masons had increased to snch an 
extent that the institution of a second lodge seemed advis- 
able, and in accordance with this feeling a petition for a 
new lodge was presented to the Grand Lodge of the state, 
signed by John S. Kidder, Isaac C. Flanders, Edward W. 
Harrington, Samuel 0. Langley, Samuel W. Jones, Eben- 
ezcr H. Davis, Ciiarles Moore, Caleb Duxbury, Wilbur Gay, 
William H. Hill, James 8. Cheney, Edson C. George, James 
S. Cogswell, David B. Kibby, George \V. Morrison, Charles 
W. Adams, DeLafayette Robinson, Nathaniel W. Cumner, 
Daniel C. Gould, Andrew W. Thompson, George B. Chan- 
dler, Samuel H. Ed^-erly, Ira Bliss, Jesse F. Angell, Ira 
Stone, Samuel B. Kidder and Daniel W. Fling. A dispen- 
sation was granted for the desired purpose by the Grand 
Master on the first of January, 1857, and the first meeting 
of tlie lodge was held on the tenth of the same month, 
when John S. Kidder was chosen Master. It was granted 
a charter under the name of Washington Lodge, Number 
Sixty-one, June 9, 1857, when Mr. Kidder was succeeded 
as Master by Edward W. Harrington. As the first lodge 
in the city had been named in honor of the French hero, 
Lafayette, it was deemed fitting that the second should be 
called Washington Lodge in honor of Lafayette's friend 
and companion in arms. It has now about two hundred 
and seventy-five members. Below are given its Masters 
and the years of their installation. 

1857. John S. Kidder. 180(5. Daniel F. Straw. 

1857. Edward W. Harrington. 1867. Clinton W. Stanley. 

1S58-9. Samuel G. Langley. 1868. Isaac W. Smith. 

1860-1. John S. Kidder. 1869. Joseph Kidder. 

1862-3. Nathaniel VV. Cumner. 1870-1. Andrew Bunion. 

1864. Charles Bunton. 1872-3. Charles H. Bartlett. 

1865. Lewis W. Clark. 1874. Daniel A. Clitford. 

Adoniram Council Number Three, Royal and Select Mas- 
ters, which acquires its name from a legendary connection 
of the order with the Adoniram mentioned in the Old Tes- 
tament, was granted a dispensation, September 11, 1856, by 



220 Manchester. 

Grand Puissant Alexander Hamilton of Connecticut. It 
was chartered, September 27, 1857, by the Grand Council 
of Connecticut, the original charter members being Daniel 
Balch, Ira Bliss and Moses 0. Pearson. Upon tlie forma- 
tion of the Grand Council of New Hampshire, a new char- 
ter was given, under date of June 11, 1862. The number 
of members is about two hundred. The following, with 
the title of "Thrice Illustrious Grand Master," have been 
its highest officers : 

1857-61. Daniel Balch. 1867-G9. John Gillis. 

18G2-G3. Moses O. Pearson. 187U-71. George H. True. 
1864-66. George H. True. 1872-73. John M. Hayes. 

1874-75. Henry Lewis. 

Labarum Council of Knights of the Illustrious Order of 
Knights of the Red Cross of Rome and of Constantine, 
Number Ninety-four, was chartered May 14, 1873, and is 
the only one in the state. There are Grand Councils of 
the order in New York, Pennsylvania and Illinois, and the 
number of subordinate councils is slowly increasing in the 
country at large. The charter members of Labarum Coun- 
cil are : Joseph W. Fellows, John D. Patterson, Joseph G. 
Edgerly, Nathaniel W. Cumner, Manchester; John A. Har- 
ris, Abel Hutcliins, Samuel B. Page, Concord ; William 
Barrett, Nashua ; Joseph W. Welch, Dover ; Solon A. Car- 
ter, Keene. Several others have since been added. Its 
chief officer is Joseph W. Fellows, with the title of Grand 
Sovereign, who is also deputy in this state for the Grand 
Imperial Council in London, England, from which body the 
charter was granted directly. The head of the order is 
Earl Bective, with the title of Grand Imperial Sovereign, 
who is a member and ardent supporter of the Masonic fra- 
ternity. This is a " Christian " order of Knighthood, con- 
ferred upon Knights Templars, and is founded upon the 
legend that the Roman emperor Constantine saw in the 
sky a cross, circumscribed with the words, " In Hoc Signo 



Odd Fellows. 221 

Vinces," on the eve of the battle at Saxa Rubra, in which 
the emperor was victorious and on which the fate of Chris- 
tianity for the time being hung. The technical name for 
the symbol which Constantino saw is "labarum," whence 
this council derives its name. 

ODD FELLOWS. 

The introduction of Odd Fellowship into Manchester oc- 
curred in 1848 and may not unjustly be ascribed to Isaiah 
Winch, who kept a store in the Methodist-church block. 
He had become interested in the order, and, without the 
knowledge of any one in Manchester, went to Massachusetts 
and was there initiated into its secrets. The first lodge of 
Odd Fellows in this state was instituted at Nashua, Septem- 
ber 11, 1843, and was named Granite Lodge, Number One. 
After the germ of the order had thus been planted in New 
Hampshire, Mr. Winch interested himself in the formation 
of a lodge in Manchester and advocated the plan among his 
friends with such success that four men — Walter French, 
Charles Wells, Josiah M. Barnes, Jacob G. Cilley — went to 
Nashua and became members of the newly created lodge 
there. Taking cards of clearance from the Nashua lodge 
and returning to Manchester with only the initiatory de- 
gree, they received the five degrees at the hands of a Dis- 
trict Deputy from Boston on the afternoon of Thursday, 
December 21, 1843, in a hall over the Second Methodist 
church on Elm street, becoming the charter members of 
the second lodge instituted in the state, to which was given 
the title of Hillsborough Lodge Number Two. In the 
evening the officers were elected and installed as follows : 
Walter French, Noble Grand ; Charles Wells, Vice Grand ; 
Isaiah Winch, Secretary; Josialv M. Barnes, Treasurer; 
Jacob G. Cilley, Warden. Of these but two are now liv- 
ing — Isaiah Winch, who resided for some time in Meredith 



222 Manchester. 

Village, N. H., but who has since removed to Fernandina, 
Florida, and Charles Wells, an esteemed physician of this 
city. Walter French died in ISnS ; Josiah M. Barnes, in 
1855 ; and Jacob G. Cilley, in 1870. The same evening a 
large number of members were initiated, the necessary of- 
ficers of the lodge were appointed and the organization was 
completed. 

The order quickly spread in the city, over a hundred 
men becoming members of the lodge within a year. An 
encampment was instituted the next year, and another 
lodge, in the year succeeding that. The hall in the attic 
of the Methodist-church block, where the lodge was organ- 
ized, was fitted up by the members of the order at their 
own expense, and, being leased by them for a term of years, 
acquired tbe title of Odd Fellows Hall. It was considered 
at that time a neat and convenient lodge-room. After a 
while, however, either because the church objected to leas- 
ing the hall for such gatherings or because tbe Odd Fel- 
lows needed better accommodations, or for both reasons, 
the latter leased of Col. William Patten a hall in the third 
story of the block he had built on Elm street, just above 
the city hall, and removed to it about 1847. That then 
succeeded to the title of Odd Fellows Hall. 

From that they were driven by the fire of February 5, 
1856, which destroyed all their property with trifling ex- 
ceptions, the records of the secretaries being wholly lost. 
The Masons, then occupying a hall in Duncklee's block, at 
once put it at the disposal of the Odd Fellows, who grate- 
fully accepted it. The two orders occupied it in common 
till April, when rooms were obtained in a new building on 
Hanover street and leased by the fraternities jointly for 
ten years. At tiie expiration of that time both orders had 
attained such development that it was thought advisable to 
separate, and the Odd Fellows leased rooms in Martin's 
block, on the corner of Elm and Lowell streets, occupying 



Odd Fellows. 223 

them till the completion of their own building on Hanover 
street. In 18G6 a third lodge was organized, and in 1871 
a second encampment, and it will not be surprising if a 
fourth lodge is instituted within a year. 

The building above referred to is a testimonial to the sub- 
stantial growth of the fraternity of Odd Fellows, and is 
the first which was owned by a secret order in the city. 
The land on which it stands, on the south side of Hanover 
street, hear the corner of Chestnut, was bought in 1870 by 
the three lodges, the youngest lodge being obliged to issue 
bonds to obtain the funds. The building was begun in 
1871 and was at first in charge of a committee of one from 
each lodge — Simeon S. Harden, Seth T. Hill and Nathan 
P. Hunt. But it was discovered that for the financial suc- 
cess of the undertaking some otiier system was necessary, 
and, in accordance with a plan which was adopted by the 
lodges, a company under the name of the Odd bellows' 
Building Association was chartered by the legislature at 
the June session of 1871, and the lodges chose three mem- 
bers each to act under the charter. These drew lots to de- 
termine the length of their terms of office, the three mem- 
bers from each lodge remaining for one. two and three years 
respectively. By this arrangement three members retire an- 
nually and three are elected to take their places. This as- 
sociation issued bonds to the amount of thirty-five thousand 
dollars, due in five, ten or fifteen years, bearing interest at 
seven per cent, and guaranteed by a mortgage of the land 
and buildings by the lodges, which were all taken by the 
lodges and members of the order. The building, which is 
three stories high and of brick, was completed in the spring 
of 1872, costing, with the land, about forty-five thousand 
dollars. It was dedicated on the twenty-sixth of April, 
1872, that being the fifty-third anniversary of the introduc- 
tion of Odd Fellowship into America. 

A lodge for the purpose of conferring degrees was insti- 



224 Manchester. 

tuted April 10, 1874, under the name of Union Degree 
Lodge, Number One, and has about one hundred and twen- 
ty-five members. Frank L. Rundlett was its Degree Mas- 
ter till 1875, when Parker W. Ilanaford succeeded him. 
The Odd Fellows' Relief Association, whose plan is identi- 
cal with that of the Masonic Relief Association already re- 
ferred to, was organized in April, 1870, and has about six 
hundred and forty members. Its benefits were so highly 
appreciated as to lead to the organization, June 27, 1874, 
of another association under the name of the Odd Fellows' 
Mutual Life Insurance Company, which is based upon the 
same plan, but which includes, besides members of the or- 
der, their wives and widows. It has about a hundred and 
twenty members. The three lodges together contain about 
eight hundred and fifty members, and with the encamp- 
ments have funds amounting to about twenty-two thousand 
dollars. 

Hillsborough Lodge, Number Two, was instituted De- 
cember 21,1843, its charter members being Walter French, 
Charles Wells, Isaiah Winch, Jacob G. Cilley and Josiah 
M. Barnes. It has now about three hundred members and 
funds amounting to about eight thousand dollars. The 
" Noble Grands," or highest officers of the lodge, since its 
formation, are given below. Till 1847 each was in office 
but three months, but since that time six months has con- 
stituted a term. The first chief officer — Walter French — 
served from the twenty-first of December, 1843, till the first 
of April, 1844. 

1844. Walter French, Charles Wells, Isaiah Winch, Isaac C. 
Plandcrs. 

1845. John S. Kidder, John B. Fish, Luther Smith, Daniel J. 
Hoyt. 

1846. Jacob G. Cilley, William M. Parker, Edward McQueston, 
Lucius B. Packard. 

1847. Moses Hill, Jacob F. James. 

11^48. Henry T. Mowatt, Warren L. Lane. 

1849. Flagg T. Underhill, Jonathan Horn. 

1850. Henry Kimball, Nicholas G. York. 




4t 



0-:/^d 




crcJ^ 



Odd Fellows. 225 

1851. Svlvanus Bunton, Justus Fisher. 

1852. Joseph Kidder, Mosi^s AV. Oliver. 

1853. Lutiier II. Brown, Benjamin M. Tillotson. , 

1854. John Ilosley, Samu(d B. Kidder. 

1855. Walter Neal, James D. Wells. 

1856. John II. Rand, Joel Taylor. 

1857. Alpha Currier, Henry A. Ga<?e. 

1858. Christopher C. Colhy, Arthur L. Walker. 

1859. True O. Furnald, Lemuel Colby. 

1860. Charles Abels, George S. Holmes. 

1861. William B. Lane, Harvey D. Cutting. 
186-2. Ira G. Williams, Samuel B. Hope. 

1863. Benjai-nin F. Bowles, Darwin A. Simons. 

1864. Jaeob Morse, Franeis W . Nichols. 

1865. Henry J. Tirrell, Seth J. Sanborn. 

1866. John'Gillis, Horace R. Philbrick. 

1867. John L. Avery, John Shirley. 

1868. George R. Yance, Andrew J. Holmes. 

1869. Sylvester C. Gould, William G. Harden. 

1870. Andrew J. Butterfield, Ephraim T. Hardy. 

1871. Silas B. Woodbury, Luther M. Clark. 
1872 David M. Goodwin, Edward O. Hill. 

1873. James M. Clough, George A. Bailey. 

1874. Calvin L. Walker, Parker W. Hanaford. 

1875. Oscar F. Bartlett. 

Wonolanset Encampment, Number Two, like Hillsbor- 
ough Lodge, the second organized in the state, was insti- 
tuted September 6, 1844, in less than a year after the for- 
mation of the lodge. Its charter members were : Walter 
French, Charles Wells, Isaiah Winch, Jacob G. Cilley, 
Isaac C. Flanders, Jonathan T. P. Hunt, Josiali M. Barnes. 
It has now about two hundred and thirty members, and 
funds amounting to about nine hundred dollars. The chief 
officer of an encampment is styled the ^ Chief Patriarch," 
who, at the close of his term of office, is eligible to the 
Grand Encampment. Another officer, styled the " High 
Priest," acquired nearly equal importance by being also ad- 
mitted to the Grand Encampment till 1874, when the cus- 
tom was discontiimed. 

The following have been the encampment's Chief Patri- 
archs from its organization : 

1845. Jonathan T. P. Hunt, John B. Fish. 

1846. Luther Smith, Edward McQueston. 

1847. John C. Lyford, Albe C. Heath. 



226 Manchester. 

1848. Nicholas G. York, Jonathan Horn. 

1849. Alvia Houghton, Xathaniel Smith. 

1850. Jeremiah Preston, Barnabas Hinds. 

1851. Leonard Demary, Isaac N. Haines. 

1852. Samuel B. Kidder, Enocli Watson. 

1853. George AY. Weeks, Stephen Palmer. 

1854. Charles H. Brown, Otis P. Warner. 

1855. Joseph Kidder, Charles T. Durgin. 

1856. George C. Gilmore, James D. Wells. 

1857. James C. Wing, Stephen II. Crockett. 

1858. Nathaniel E. Morrill, Joseph S. Hunkins. 

1859. Horace M. Gillis, Walter Neal. 

1860. Daniel Pulsifer, George S. Neal. 

1861. James J. Baldwin, Henry B. Moulton. 
l86-\ Christopher C. Colby, Rufus L. Bartlett. 

1863. Darwin A. Simons, Jacob F. James. 

1864. Henry J. Tirrell, Russell O. Burleigh. 

1865. John U. Farnham, Seth J. Sanborn. 

1866. John T. Robinson, Stephen H. Randlett. 

1867. Frederick B. Balch, Jonathan B. Moore. 

1868. Jeremiah Hodge, Harvey L. Currier. 

1869. Horace R. Pliilbriok. Henrv A. Farrington. 

1870. Joel Daniels, Frank J. Poor, 

1871. Uriah A. Carswell, Frank L. Rundlett. 

1872. Edward D. Hill, Leonard Shelters, 

1873. John Gillis, Seth T. Hill. 

1874. Charles H. G. Foss, Henry S. Kolseth. 

1875. Andrew J, Dickey, 

The following is a list of the High Priests since the in- 
stitution of the encampment : 

1845. Isaac Flanders, Daniel J. Hoyt. 

1846. Benjamin M. Tillotson, Benjamin M. Tillotson. 

1847. Thomas S. Jones, Sylvanur, Bunton. 

1848. David C. Batchelder, Charles Currier. 

1849. Charles T. Durgin, James M. Berry, 

1850. Otis P, Warner, Charles II. Brown. 

1851. Leonard Sanljorn, Henry T. Mowatt. 

1852. Moses W. OUver, Granville P. Mason. 

1853. Abraham Rol)ertson, Nathaniel Herrick. 

1854. Edward McCoy, Jolin B. Fish. 

1855. Charles Curric^r, John B, Fish. 

1856. Joseph Kidder, Joel Taylor. 

1857. Alpha Currier, John D. Patterson, 

1858. Arthur L. Walker, James C. Wing. 

1859. John D. Patterson, Granville P, Mason. 

1860. Charles Currier, James C, Wing. 

1861. Thomas 15. Eastman, John B. Fish. 

1862. Charles II. Brown, Daniel Pulsifer. 

1863. Horace M. GilUs, Rulus L. Bartlett. 

1864. (Jharles Currier, Robert B. Neal. 



Onf) Fellows. 227 

1866. Leonard Colby, Russell O. Burleigh. 

1866. John Gillis, iSeth J. Sanborn. 

1867. Al)iel C. Flanders, Gilnian Stearns. 

1868. John T. Robinson, Stephen H. Randlett. 

1869. Frank T. E. Richardson, John C. Balch. 

1870. Charles 11. Osgood, Charles H. Osgood. 

1871. AV' illiam G. Harden, Geort^e R. Vance. 

1872. John T. Roliinson, John t. Robinson. 

1873. Edward O. Hill, Frank L. Rundlett. 

1874. Tlionias C. Clieniiy, Charles C. Keniston. 

1875. Charles C. Keniston. 

Mechanics Lodge, Number Thirteen, the second in the 
city in point of age, was instituted November 25, 1845, 
with the following charter members : John S. Yeaton, 
Horace Gordon, John C. Lyford, Albe C. Heath, Otis P. 
Warner, Charles Currier, Nathaniel Smith. It has now 
about three hundred and fifty members, and funds amount- 
ing to about nine thousand dollars. The following have 
been the Noble Grands since the existence of the lodge, 
the first, Horace Gordon, holding the office from November 
25, 1845, to April 1, 1846, and three months constituting a 
term till 1847. 

1846. Horace Gordon, John C. Lyford, John S. Yeaton, Charles 
Currier. 

1847. Albe C. Heath, Otis P. Warner. 

18-18. Nathaniel C. Smith, David C. Batchelder. 

1849. William D. Buck, Charles H. Brown. 

1850. Jeremiah Preston, jr., Abraham Robertson. 

1851. xVbel M. Keniston, Barnabas Hinds. 

1852. Charles C. Keniston, .John M. Harvey. 

1853. Charles T. Durgin, George W. Weeks. 

1854. Enoch Watson, George C. Gilmore. 
18.55. Bartlett A. Morse, James M. Howe. 

1856. Charles Currier, Stephen H. Crockett. 

1857. David Alden, James C. Wing. 

1858. John D. Patterson, Jonathan Dodge. 

1859. Daniel Pulsifer. Georsje S. Neal. 

1860. Charles H. G. Foss, Granville P. Mason. 

1861. Samuel Upton, Henry B. Moulton. 

1862. EvanderG. Merrill, John G. Lane. 

1863. Edward Garner, .John U. Farnham. 

1864. Laiig Munroe, James Wilkins, jr. 

1865. Abiel C. Flanders, Seth T. Hill. 

1866. .lohu T. Robinson, Russell O. Burleigh, 

1867. John Prince, Joel Daniels. 



228 Manchester. 

1868. Oilman Stearns, Thomas C. Cheney. 

18G9. Steplien II. Rundk'tt, William G. Garmon. 

1870. Leonard Shelters, Charles H. Osgood. 

1871. Henry W. Powell, James M. House. 

1872. James L. Sweet, John K. Piper. 

1873. Henry S. Brown, Jacob Morrill. 

1874. John C. Smith, Jeremiah D. Jones. 

1875. James P. Pherson. 

Wildey Lodge, Number Forty-five, is the last lodge or- 
ganized in this city, being instituted August 8, 1866, with 
the following charter members : Henry A. Farrington, Jon- 
athan B. Moore, Daniel R. Prescott, Uriah A. Carswell, 
Hazeu K. Fuller, Francis L. Porter, David Cutter, Harvey 
L. Currier, John V. Sullivan, Edwin N. Baker, John D. 
Powell, James M. Moore, John N. Chase, Stephen Wood- 
ward. It has now about two hundred members and funds 
amounting to about four tliousand dollars. The following 
is a list of its chief officers since its institution : 

186<j. Henry A. Farrington. 

1867. Jonathan B. Moore, Daniel R. Prescott. 

1868. Uriah A. Carswell, Hazen K. Puller. 

1869. John D. Powell, John C. Balch. 

1870. Frank L. Rundlett, James M. Moore. 

1871. George F. Elliott, Lyman W. Colby. 

1872. Nathan P. Hunt, Hiram Hill. 

1873. David P. Korris, Henry B. Gillette. 

1874. Henry E. Burnham, Joseph G. Edgerly. 

1875. William II. Stearns. 

Mount Washington Encampment, Number Sixteen, was 
the second encampment in Mancliester, being instituted 
March 2, 1871, with the following charter members : Jo- 
seph Kidder, George W. Weeks, John C. Balch, Charles 
H. Osgood, Nathan P. Hunt, John D. Powell, Sylvester C. 
Gould, Benjamin F. Hartford, George A. Clark, John A. 
ColHns, Charles F. Hunt, Louis B. Phelps, David P. Nor- 
ris, Charles W. Temple, Marden E. Barnard, Brackett B. 
Weeks, Henry A. Farrington. It has now over a hundred 
members and funds amounting to about two hundred dol- 
lars. The Chief Patriarchs of Mount Washington En- 
campment since its formation have been as follows : 



Knights of Pythias. 229 

1871. Joseph Kidder, John D. Powell. 

1872. Nathan P. Hunt, David P. Norris. 
1673. Daniel R. Prescott, Henry E. Purnlmm. 

1874. Sylvester C. Gould, Benjamin F. Ilartlord. 

1875. \Villiam G. Garmon. 

The High Priests have been as follows : 

1871. Charles H. Osgood, Brackett B. Weeks. 

1872. Harden E. Barnard, George A. Clark. 

1873. Louis E. Phelps, E. B. Worthen. 

1874. L. n. Caldwell, William G. Garmon. 

1875. Charles W. Temple. 

KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS. 

The Knights of Pythias, an order of more recent origin 
than the associations of Free Masons and Odd Fellows, but 
which has now seventeen lodges and a thousand members in 
New Hampshire, was introduced to this state in 1870, and 
to this city in the same year. Early in March of that year 
Henry F. Carey, an operative in the Amoskeag Company's 
ein|)loy, having received a copy of the constitution of one 
of the Pythian lodges and thus become interested in the 
order, attempted to form a lodge here, but was unsuccess- 
ful. Through his instrumentality, however, a number of 
men, among whom were Timothy W. Challis, Frank E. 
Hart, Joseph L. Dow, Galen Eastman, Silas C. Clatur, 
Franklin W. McKinley, Samuel W. Shepherd and Silas R. 
Wallace, had caught something of his interest and they 
held several meetings during the month of March at which 
some progress was made towards the formation of a lodge. 
Pioneer Lodge, Number One, had already been instituted 
at Newmarket, on the second of March, and thus the order 
had gained a foothold in the state. 

The first meeting here of which any records were kept 
was held March 31, 1870, at the old " Labor League " 
rooms in Smyth's block, when Timothy W. Challis was 
elected " Worthy Chancellor," the officer now entitled 
"Chancellor Commander'' being then known by that name. 



280 Manchester. 

The next meeting was held April 2, in the Grand Army 
hall in Brown's block, and at an adjourned meeting held 
in the same place April 6, the list of officers was completed. 
There^being then no Grand Lodge in the state, an applica- 
tion for recognition as a lodge by the jurisdiction of Massa- 
chusetts was made and favorably received, and the officers 
elect were notified that the installing officers of the Grand 
Lodge of Massachusetts would be in attendance to organize 
the lodge April 8, 1870, Accordingly a special meeting was 
called for that purpose on the evening of that day and at 
that time the lodge, under the name of Granite Lodge, 
Number Three, was instituted in form, with thirty-two 
members, and the officers were duly installed. The Massa- 
chusetts officers had instituted the previous evening at Exe- 
ter the second lodge in the state, under the name of Swam- 
scott Lodge, Number Two. The membership of Gi-anite 
Lodge rapidly increased, and on the eighteenth of April a 
number of members asked leave to withdraw to forfn a 
new lodge. The request was granted and accordingly Mer- 
rimack Lodge, Number Four, was instituted May 6, 1870. 
Both lodges worked under a dispensation till October 21, 
1870, when a charter in form was granted to each by the 
Grand Lodge of this state, which had been formed the pre- 
vious day in Manchester by representatives from six lodges, 
Rising Sun Lodge, Number Seven, of Rochester, although 
instituted, not being represented. 

The charter members of Granite Lodge were Stephen C. 
Amsden, Timothy W. Challis, Frank E. tiart, Joseph L. 
Dow, James P, Carpenter, Gula A. Craig, Silas C. Clatur, 
Franklin W. xMcKinley, A. A, Wells, Silas R. Wallace. 
The present membership is about one hundred and thirty- 
five. Its Chancellor Commanders, or highest officers, for 
each year, follow : 

1S70. Timolliy W, Chullis, Frank E. Tlart. 

1871. Franklin W. McKinley, Levi L. Akhich. 

1872. William E. Moore, Akleu E. Metcalf, 



Temperance Societies. 231 

1873. Silas R. Wallace, Sidnoy J. Ela. 

1874. Moses O. Pearson, Samuel Amsden. 

1875. Jonathan M. Sanborn. 

The charter members of Merrimack Lodge were : Sam- 
uel W. Shepherd, William R. Patten, Joseph B. Judkins, 
Samuel F. Murry, Albert Story, Daniel S. Holt, Edwin B. 
Cutler, Hazen Davis, Frank H. Hickok, Oliver B. Elliott, 
Robert A. Challis, John Wingate, Perkins C. Lane, Leroy 
J. French. The present membership is about one hundred 
and twenty. The Chancellor Commanders for the several 
years are given below. 

1870. William R. Patten, Samuel F. Murry. 

1871. Albert Story, Perkins C. Lane. 

1872. Roland C. Rowell, John D. Patterson. 

1873. Frank H. Hiekok, Charles W. Temple. 

1874. Samuel W. Shepherd, Hiram H. Gove. 

1875. Hiram H. Gove. 

The lodges held their stated meetings in the hall in 
Brown's block for nearly a year and then secured and fitted 
up a new and spacious hall in Globe block on Hanover 
street, in which the first meeting was held March 6, 1871, 
and which they have since occupied. It is used by both 
lodges, which own the property, free from incumbrance, in 
common, and work harmoniously together. Each lodge has 
five hundred dollars on hand and invested. A " Pythian 
Relief Association," which has now a hundred and fifty 
members, was formed in May, 1872, upon the same plan 
as the similar associations among the Masons and Odd 
Fellows. 

temperance societies. 

Among the earliest societies in the city organized upon 
the basis of temperance were those which succeeded the 
" Washingtonian " movement of 1840, and of these the 
first w'as known as the " Manchester Washington Total 
Abstinence Society," which was organized August 8, 1841, 



232 Manchester. 

wliicli had two thousand members, and one of whose presi- 
dents was Dr. Thomas Brown, who was an active advocate 
of temperance. In October of the next year a movement was 
begun among- the women of the place wliich resulted in the 
formation of the " Martha Washington Temperance Soci- 
ety," of which Mrs. Benjamin Kinsley was at one time 
president. Another organization about that time was the 
" Manchester Young Men's Temperance Society," witli Wil- 
liam Mace at its head, and still another was the " Young 
Ladies' Temperance Benevolent Society" which was or- 
ganized August 22, 1843. These associations, and others, 
if they existed, were generally organized by the influence of 
some traveling lecturer and often in connection with some 
particular church. They had no proper financial basis, 
held infrequent meetings, and resulted chiefly in obtaining 
spasmodically signatures to temperance pledges in which 
abstinence from the lighter intoxicants was not definitely 
named. 

These were dissolved in five or six years, to be succeeded 
by an order called the "Sons of Temperance," which, an 
advance upon Washingtonianism in several features, was 
started in this country in 1842, as a possible jjlan of organ- 
ization for the more effectual promotion of the temperance 
cause. Its pledge included abstinence from " malt liquors, 
wine, ale and cider," as well as from more potent spirits. 
It retained its members largely by the system of money 
benefits in case of sickness and death, and, though later 
years modified many of its social and pecuniary features, 
it was the means of much good. 

The first division of the order in this state was organ- 
ized at Portsmouth and the second at Nashua, while the 
third, under the name of Manchester Division Number 
Three, was instituted in this city July 13, 1846. Among 
those who held the office of " Worthy Patriarch " — the 
highest in the division — were Dr. Thomas Brown, John B. 





e^^^/n^a^^^ ^(^^^^eA^ 



Temperance Societies. 233 

Fish, James Collins, Harrison Soiile, Horace L. Eaton, 0, 
R. Pratt, Edward McQueston, (^harlcs Fish, David P. Per- 
kins, J. A. D. Gregg and Edson Hill. The Grand Division 
of the state was organized Marcli 11, 1847, at Portsnionth, 
and was located at Manchester. Among its chief officers 
were Dr. Thomas Brown and the Rev. Henry M. Dexter of 
this city. 

Another division was organized in Manchester October 
2H, 1847, under the name of Excelsior Division, Number 
Eight. Among its highest officers were the Rev. Henry M. 
Dexter, Albert Jackson, the Rev. John W. Ray, Daniel W. 
McCaine, Alfred G. Fairbanks, Alfred B. Soule, J. B. Saw- 
yer and C. W. Eaton. A higher order, under the name of 
Granite Temple of Honor, Number One, was instituted Feb- 
ruary 28, 1848. In the latter part of 1848 another divis- 
ion was organized, with the name of Niagara Division, 
Number Nineteen, which had but a brief existence. The 
" Daughters of Temperance," whose members were women, 
and the " Cadets of Temperance," a juvenile association, 
were cotemporaneous orders, existing to the same end. 
The subordinate bodies of the former were called "unions." 
Blackmar Union. Number Four, was instituted December 
30, 1847 ; Union Number Six, April 8, 1848 ; and the 
Grand Union of the state, located in this city, was formed 
April 10, 1848. The subordinate bodies of the Cadets 
were called sections, and Manchester Section, Number Four, 
was instituted February 28, 1848. Four years later Excel- 
sior Division was the only one of all these which survived, 
and that afterwards was dissolved. These bodies met in 
Sons of Temperance Hall in the first Patten's block. 

Subsequently, however, a new interest in the order arose, 
and resulted in the institution, November 16, 1860, of 
Manchester Division, Number Nineteen. The charter was 
granted to John B. Fish, J. B. T. Baker, Aaron Jackson, 
Joseph G. Edgerly, Frank T. E. Richardson, H. H. Sum- 

15 



234 Manchester. 

mers, James M. Clough, Charles F. Livingston, John G. 
Lane, T. E. Barker, G. S. Dearborn, M. L. Stevens, W. H. 
H. Crawford, L. B. Gould, John Verity, Francis Switser, 
R. F. Moore and D. S. Russell. They met in Ferren's 
building and afterwards in Mystic hall in Merchants' Ex- 
change. It is probable that the Rebellion interfered with 
their prosperity, and their last session was held May 22, 
1863. 

The place in the country which the Sons of Temperance 
left vacant was occupied by the " Good Templars," who 
had their origin in 1851. Their basis was different from 
that of any preceding organization. They combined in one 
order the " Sons," " Daughters," and ^' C'adets," admitted 
women on the same basis as men and with equal eligibility 
to all offices, and are radical in all phases of the reform. 
They ignored the beneficiary system, thus largely reducing 
the fees and dues, and offered no motive to persons to join 
them except to be reclaimed from intemperance, if fallen 
into the habit, or to be kept from it or to keep others from 
it. They have plain and impressive ceremonies and the 
members assume, upon entering, a pledge of total absti- 
nence for life. The " Good Templars " form the largest 
temperance society in the world, the membership averag- 
ing, of late years, over half a million persons, scattered 
wherever the English tongue is spoken. Since 1851 nearly 
three million persons in the United States and Canadas, 
and about one million in foreign countries, have been con- 
nected with the order. 

The order reached Manchester about the close of the 
Rebellion, Stark Lodge, Number Four, being instituted May 
31, 1865. Its charter was granted to A. J. Butterfield, A. 
0. Dillingham, G. L. P. Corliss, J. W. Wilkins, John Ver- 
ity, Aaron Jackson, William G. Garmon, James M. Clough, 
L. W. Nourse, W. R. Call, S. L. Lewis, Aaron W. Stevens, 
Benjamin M. Tillotson, G. W. Rogers, Nathaniel Herrick, 



Temperance Societies. 235 

William FI. Thomas, John A. Knowles, Joseph W. Fellows, 
Mrs. J. W. Wilkiiis, Sarah M. Call, Sarah A. Davis, Lucre- 
tia Call. 

Merrimack Lodge, Number Five, was instituted December 
C, 1866. The charter members were : Daniel R. Prcscott, 
Seth J. Sanborn, William F. Childs, S. C. Cunningham, J. 
F. Durgin, Charles G. Blake, Uriah A. Carswell, Joseph 
E. Bennett, E. W. Smith, Hattie D. Fuller, Mrs. J. L. 
Prcscott. 

There is also a Union Degree Lodge and a Temple of 
Honor. The Templars met at first in the vestries of the 
Unitarian and Fine-street Freewill Baptist churches, but 
soon occupied what is now Mirror hall in Merchants' Ex- 
change in common with a " Machinists and Blacksmiths' 
Union." In 1870 they furnished a hall on Manchester 
street, which was destroyed, as were tlie rooms of the Ma- 
sons and Knights of Pythias, in the great fire of 1870. 
They now meet in Pythian hall in Globe block on Hanover 
street. The lodges are yet thriving and have invariably 
held their weekly meetings. Since their institution nearly 
two thousand persons have been connected with them, the 
membership of both combined averaging lately between 
three and four hundred, and several thousand dollars, ac- 
cruing from the small fees and dues, have been expended 
in their work. 

At one time and another there have been other tem- 
perance associations, generally of a temporary character. 
Among them were the " Bands of Hope " which were 
started about 1858, and a women's temperance society ten 
years later, of which Mrs. Frederick Smyth was president. 
There are now societies for the promotion of temperance 
connected with several of the churches. A juvenile associ- 
ation under the name of the " Cold Water Temple " was 
organized in October, 1874, by the Rev. Harrison F. Wood, 
pastor of the Pine-street Freewill Baptist church, which 



236 Manchester. 

has six hundred members ; and a " Women's Temperance 
League," of which Mrs. H. F. Wood is president, was 
formed in November, 1874, witli the purpose of creating 
an interest in the temperance cause. It has about seventy- 
five members. 

Of several temperance societies found among the Roman 
CathoUc population " St. Paul's Total Abstinence Mutual 
Benefit Society " is the oldest, having been organized in 
August, 1872, in connection with St. Joseph's church. It 
has now one hundred and sixty members and its president 
is James Dray. With it is connected a society of youth un- 
der the name of " Temperance Cadets," which was formed 
in May, 1873, and which contains one hundred and fifty 
boys and is superintended by Patrick A. Devine. February 
]8, 1874,anotlier society was formed, in connection with St. 
Ann's church, under the name of " St. John's Total Absti. 
nence Mutual Benefit Society," of which the Rev. Jolm 
Powers is president, and which has about a hundred mem- 
bers. In April, 1875, a similar association was formed in 
connection with the remaining Roman Catholic church — St. 
Augustine's. These three societies last named are branches 
of a state organization, which in turn is part of the " Na- 
tional Catholic Total Abstinence Union " of the United 
States. 

MILITARY ORGANIZATIONS. 

The earliest of the military companies in Manchester 
whose existence reached to its incorporation as a city was 
the Manchester Rifle Company, which was organized in 
1825 under Captain James McQueston. Among succeed- 
ing commanders were Nathaniel and Ira Moore and David 
Young, and it was dissolved about 1848. Next in order of 
formation were the Stark Guards, which were organized 
August 16, 1840, under Captain Walter French, who was 



Military Organizations. 237 

followed by E. W. Harrington, George W. Morrison, E. A. 
Bodwell and others. They had an armory in the city hall 
and in Patten's block and kept np their organization a little 
over ten years, being a famous company in their time. 

The Granite Fusiliers were organized August 10, 1842, 
under Captain Samuel W. Parsons, and assumed the name 
of City Guards in 1847. Among the commanders were 
George T. Clark, S. G. Patterson, J. C. Ricker, S. G. Lang- 
ley, J, R. Bagley, Micajah Ingham and Francis H. Lyford. 
Tliey occupied for armories rooms in the city hall, Granite 
block and Wells' block, and went out of existence about 
1860. Other and smaller companies, which have no longer 
an existence, were the National Guards, organized August 
17, 1863, with an armory in Wells' block, and who did ser- 
vice at Fort Constitution in Portsmouth harbor during the 
War of the Rebellion ; and the Smyth Rifles, who were or- 
ganized in August, 1865, and who had an armory in Wells' 
block. 

The Amoskeag Veterans is the only one of the military 
organizations now existing in the city which can look back 
upon a life of over ten years, and is an independent com- 
pany, while the rest form part of the state militia. It is 
the oldest " veteran " corps in New England with the ex- 
ception of the Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company 
of Boston. Its formation was suggested by a visit which 
a company known as the Boston Association of Veterans 
paid to the citizens of Manchester in October, 1854. A 
paper was drawn up by the Hon. C. E. Potter and circu- 
lated for signatures, the subscribers agreeing thereby to 
become members of an association under the name of the 
Stark Veterans. The first meeting of the signers was held 
in the city hall, November 6, 1854. The Hon. Hiram Brown 
was chosen chairman, and tiie Hon. C. E. Potter clerk, and 
committees on officers, constitution and uniform were ap- 
pointed, whose reports were afterwards adopted. At a sub- 



>■ Executive Committee. 



238 • Manchester. 

sequent meeting the name of Amoskeag Veterans was as- 
sumed. The first officers elected are given below: 

William P. Eiddlo, Colonel. 
William Patten, First Lieutenant. 
Samuel Andrews, Second Lieutenant. 
Hii'am Brown, First Major, 
E. T. Stevens, Second Major. 
Samuel W. Parsons, First Sergeant, 
Jacob G. Cilley, Second Sergeant. 
S. M, Dow, Third Sergeant/ 
Keuben 1>. Mooers, Fourth Sergeant. 
Jfimes Wallace, First Corporal. 
Phinehas Adams. Second Corporal, 
E. G. Guilford, Third Corporal. 
Thomas Eundlett, Fourth Corporal. 
.John S. Elliot, Surgeon. 
William W. Brown, Surgeon's Mate. 
Benjamin M. Tillotson, Chaplain. 
James Hersey, Treasurer. 
Frederick G. Stark, 
Daniel C, Gould, 
John S. Kidder, 
George Porter, 
Theodore T, Abbot, 

Their first parade and ball occurred February 22, 1855, 
and the celebration of Washington's birthday has sinc(? 
been continued as an annual custom. At one o'clock in 
the afternoon of that day they marched to the Manchester 
House and escorted the Hon, Nathaniel B, Baker, then 
governor of the state, and other invited guests, to the city 
hall and were reviewed by the governor. At four o'clock 
an oration was delivered by the Hon. C, E, Potter of Man- 
chester, followed by addresses by Governor Baker and the 
mayor of the city, the Hon. Frederick Smyth, In the even- 
ing a banquet was served in Patten's hall, and the evening's 
exercises were concluded with dancing in the city hall. 

The organization was continued in this form till August 
4, 1855, when an act of incorporation which had been 
granted by the legislature in June was accepted by the 
company, and the latter was then established as a corporate 
body. It still kept in view the objects which were aimed 
at in its formation, defined by the constitution to be raili- 



Military Organizations. 239 

tarj parades, the protection of life and property, the pres- 
ervation of the peace and social enjoyments. Their first 
armory was in the Museum building, from which they re- 
moved to Granite block in 1869 ; they took possession of 
their present quarters in Towne's block in 1871. The as- 
sociation includes the most prominent and influential men 
in Manchester, and at first its members were nearly all from 
this city, but there are now in its ranks prominent citizens 
of Concord, Hooksctt, Derry, Nashua, Keene, Portsmouth, 
Franklin, Bedford, Suncook, Enfield, Claremont and other 
places. It has had over four hundred members and there 
are now about one hundred active members enrolled. 

The commanders of the company since its organization 
are given below, with the date of their election : 

Gen. William P. Riddle, November ti5, 1854. 
Col. Chandler E. Potter, October 3, 1855. 
Col. Theodore T. Abbot, October 21, 1857. 
Col. Thomas Hundlett, October 19, 1860. 
Col. Henry T. Mowatt, October 22, 1862. 
Col. Chandler E. Potter, October 19, 1864. 
Col. David Cross, October 31, 1866. 
Gen. Natt Head, November 18, 1868. 
Col. Martin V. B. Edgerly, February 22, 1873. 
Col. George C. Gilmore, March 25, 1875, 

In June, 1855, the Veterans made their first excursion, 
visiting at that time Boston, Bunker Hill and Lowell. In 
December of the same year they made the most extens- 
ive journey of all during their existence as a company. 
They left Manchester on the thirteenth for an excursion to 
Washington and Mount Vernon. On their way they were 
cordially received and hospitably treated by the military or- 
ganizations and official representatives of the cities of New 
York, Philadelphia and Baltimore, banquets being given in 
their honor at each of these places. At Washington they 
were the recipients of marked courtesy and were the espe- 
cial guests of the President of the United States — Gen. 
Franklin Pierce — a New Hampshire citizen. They did not 



240 Manchester. 

reacli home till the twenty-second, after an al)sence of nine 
days. 

They visited Nevvburyport, Mass., in 18(t6 ; Hartford, 
Conn., Springfield and Worcester, Mass., in 1867 ; New 
York, as the gnests of the famous Ninth Regiment, under 
command of Col. James Fisk, in 1870 : and in 187S visited 
Providence, R. I., and participated in a parade and union 
festival with the Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company 
of Boston, the Newburyport Veteran Artillery Association, 
the Putnam Phalanx of Hartford, the First Light Infantry 
and the Light Infantry Veteran Association of Providence. 

Five companies of the First Rjgiment New Hampshire 
Volunteer Militia belong in Manchester, together with the 
colonel, William H. Maxwell ; the adjutant, B. L. Harts- 
horn ; and the quartermaster, Nathan P. Kidder. The 
companies have not far from fifty members each. The 
Head Guards, Company C, were organized July 25, 1865, 
were named for Gen. Natt Head of Hooksett, and have {\n 
armory in Lafayette hall. Their captain is Charles H. 
Reed. The Straw Rifles, Company E, John J. Dillon, cap- 
tain, were organized March 17, 1873, were named in honor 
of Ex-Gov. E. A. Straw of this city, and have an armory in 
Merchants' Exchange. The Haines Rifles, Company F, 
were organized as the Clai-k Guards January 1, 1808, and 
subsequently assumed their present name in honor of Gen. 
John M. Haines of Chichester, then Adjutant-General of 
the state. Their armory is in Granite block and their cap- 
tain is Jonas 8. Everett. The Sheridan Guards, Company 
G, were organized in August, 1865, and named in honor of 
Lieutenant-General Philip Sheridan of the regular army. 
Their armoiy is in Brown's block, and their captain is 
Patrick Cullity. Tlie Manchester Veterans, Company I, 
were organized March 5, 1870, and James M. House is 
their captain. They have about fifty men and their arm- 
ory is in Grand Army hall. Section B, First Light Bat- 



MfLiTARY Organizations. 241 

tciy, was organized July 10, 18(57, lias thirty-five mem- 
bers and two field-jiici'cs, and its armory is situated on 
Manchester street. Samuel S. Piper is the lieutenant in 
command. The IJigii School Cadets, a company consist- 
ing for the most part of jtujiils of the high school, was or- 
ganized June 9, 1878, and Frank 11. Challis is captain. 

The organization called the Grand Army of the Repub- 
lic, which arose just after the War of the Rebellion, is rep- 
resented in Manchester by Louis Bell Post, Number Three. 
January 20, 18G8, the following petitioners for a charter as 
a "Post" of the Grand Army were enrolled as members 
by the authorized officers: William R. Patten, Francis W. 
Parker, Samuel F. Murry, George H. Hubbard, William 
W. Brown, Charles M. Whitney, Alfred G. Simons, Hilas 
D. Davis, Edwin P. Richardson and Timothy W. Challis. 
Large numbers of the soldiers of the late War of the Re- 
bellion soon joined, a constitution and by-laws were af- 
terwards adopted and a hall in Brown's block rented in 
common with the Manchester Veterans, but subsequently 
they removed to their present armory in Weeks's block. 
March 3, 1860, articles of incorporation were adopted and 
recorded according to the legal form. December 29, 1809, 
the association formally assumed the name of Louis Bell 
Post ill honor of Brevet Brigadier-General Louis Bell of 
Farmington, who was killed by the rebels at Fort Fisher, 
Va., January 15, 1805, while colonel of the Fourth New 
Hampshire Regiment and commanding a brigade of the 
Army of the Potomac. 

The association was formed for social and for charitable 
purposes and has kept both ends in view duiing its exist- 
ence. By the help of several fairs, which the citizens of 
Manchester have been glad to assist in making successful, 
funds for the relief of needy comrades have been supplied, 
and have been freely bestowed when necessary. Of late 
the cultivation of social feeling anion":; the members has 



242 Manchester. 

been promoted by a series of gatherings under the name of 
" camp-fires," at which the veterans delight to " fight their 
battles o'er again." This post is the largest in the state, 
and the members of no organization are united by stronger 
bonds of friendship and sympathy than those which not 
only keep Louis Bell Post from dissolution but seem to 
make it firmer year by year. Under the auspices of this 
post " Decoration Day," the thirtieth of May, is annually 
observed in this city with becoming ceremonies. 

The commanders of the post and the date of their elec- 
tion follow : 

William R. Patten, Januarv 20, 1868. 
Reuben Dodsjje, June 26, 1868. 
Timothy W.'Challis, December 30, 1868. 
James M. House, June 30, 1869. 
Reuben Dodge, December 29, 1869. 
William H. Vickery, December 28, 1870. 
Charles B. Bradley, December 29, 1871. 
Silas R. A^^allace, December 17, 1872. 
George H. Dodge, December 30, 1873. 
Samuel S. Piper, December 29, 1874. 

MANCHESTER ART ASSOCIATION. 

This society was formed in September, 1871, by a few 
ladies and gentlemen who were interested in art for its 
own sake or because they gained a livelihood by it, and its 
origin as well as its subsequent prosperity is due in great 
measure to Henry W. Herrick, an artist of this city and 
the president of the association. The primary idea in its 
formation was to furnish facilities for mutual study and in- 
struction in reference to art matters. It grew to such an 
extent that during its second year it was established in 
rooms in the county court-liouse which had been fitted for 
its uses. As it was able, it added to its possessions casts, 
models and books, which were either contributed by citi- 
zens or were bought from the proceeds of exhibitions, sev- 
eral of which have been successfully held. 



Miscellaneous Societies. 243 

It now rests upon a permanent basis, articles of incorpo- 
ration having been adopted October 13, 1874. Its library, 
whose contents have in most cases been chosen with refer- 
ence to the various trades in which the study of art is of 
use and which therefore are of a practical educational 
character, now numbers about a hundred and fifty volumes. 
The rooms contain a number of charts and diagrams and 
fifty plaster casts, most of which are the best examples of 
the antique. It has a present membership of over two 
hundred and twenty-five persons, some of whom are profes- 
sional and others amateur artists, others engaged in the dif- 
ferent trades and who find the association heli)ful, and oth- 
ers still who are led to become members solely by aesthetic 
tastes. Its funds depend upon the annual assessments and 
upon the proceeds of exhibitions. It has, naturally, as it 
grew, reached out into a wider field and done much to cul- 
tivate a general taste for art, as well as to instruct and as- 
sist its members. 

OTHER SOCIETIES. 

The rest of the societies include associations for various 
purposes and among them several which are branches of 
orders which have but recently come into existence. 

Granite State Council, Number One, of the United Order 
of American Mechanics, was chartered March 24, 1873, 
with the following charter members : Timothy W. Challis, 
Silas C. Clatur, Levi L. Aldrich, Wesley E. Holt, Nathaniel 
Southard, B. L. Robinson, B. L. Hartshorn, Emery E. Cobb, 
James Russell, Joseph L. Stevens, George H. Dodge, Silas 
R. Wallace, William Dickerman, William H. Yickery, Sam- 
uel Clark, A. G. Simons. It was organized for mutual ben- 
efit to its members, of whom there are now about fifty, and 
Silas C. Clatur is its chief officer or Councillor. 

Amoskeag Grange, Number Three, Patrons of Husbandry, 



244 Manchester. 

was organized in Mirror hall August 23, 1873, as a branch of 
an order then taking root all over the country and formed 
especially in the interests of agriculturists. Its charter 
members are: John B. Clarke, Daniel Farmer, Joseph Gate, 
Isaac Huse, Jeremiah L. Fogg, John B. Huse, John Hosley, 
Thomas W. Lane, Mrs. E. C. McQueston, Mrs. H. P. Huse, 
Mrs. Thomas VV. Lane, Miss Emma A. Wilder, Miss Mary 
E. Smith, Miss Jennie E. Runels, all of Manchester, and 
Edward C. Shirley of Goffstown. It exists for social and 
pecuniary benefit and has now about eighty members — res- 
idents of this city, Bedford, Goffstown and Candia. John 
B. Clarke has been its Master and John Hosley its sec- 
retary since its organization. There are now over fifty 
granges in the state and the State Grange was organized in 
this city December 23, 1873, at the Grand Army hall. 

Onward Council, Number Three, Sovereigns of Industry, 
was formed January 2o, 1874, being a branch of a national 
order which spread among mechanics and artisans very 
much as the Patrons of Husbandry, a little before, had 
spread among the farmers. Its charter members were : 
John J. Dillon, Henry French, Alonzo Durgin, Charles M. 
Wise, George W. Thayer, Joseph L. Stevens, Bradley B. 
Aldrich, George R. Simmons, Thomas C Cheney, B. F. 
Garland, L. L. Sweatt, Rufus Wilkinson, Charles H. G. 
Foss, E. L. Carpenter, Atherton W. Quint. It has grown 
very rapidly, having now over three hundred members, and 
Charles H. G. Poss is its president. There are now four- 
teen councils in the state, and the State Council was formed 
in this city December 22, 1874. 

The Irishmen of the city have two societies. St. Pat- 
rick's Mutual Benefit and Protective Association was or- 
ganized March 30, 1868, and its president is C. A. O'Con- 
nor. Lodge Number One, Ancient Order of Hibernians, 
was organized in 1871, has about a hundred members and 
James Moran is its president. Lodge Number Two was 



Miscellaneous Societies. 245 

formed in March, 1864, with Daniel F. PTealey as its presi- 
dent, and grew up to a menibcrsliip of sixty persons, but is 
not now in existence. 

There are three societies among the Germans. Granite 
State Lodge, Number One Hundred and Twelve, Independ- 
ent Order of Red Men, was formed in 1868 and has now 
al)()ut lifty members. Charles Uhlig is its First Chief. 
Barbarossa Lodge, Number Three Hundred and Twenty- 
nine, of the order of Harugari, was organized February o, 
1874, and has about forty members. Hermann Rittner is 
the chief officer. The Turnverein, a society wliose mem- 
bers combine social pleasures and physical exercise, was 
organized in 1870 and incorporated by the Legislature in 
1872. It has about seventy members and owns a hall and 
grounds in Piscataquog village. 

The St. Jean Baptiste Society is the only association 
among the French residents. It was organized in April, 
1871, has nearly two hundred members, and its president 
is E. L. Gauvreau. 

Musical societies are few. Tiie Manchester Choral Union 
is the most important. It was organized in its present 
form, mainly through the exertions of E. T. Baldwin, in 
the spring of 1869, to take part in the '' Peace Jubilee " at 
Boston in the summer of that year. Since then its lor- 
tunes and membership have varied, but it is now prosper- 
ous. It has about a hundred members, and Daniel C. 
Gould is its president. There are two among the Germans 
— the Concordia, with eighteen meml)ers, whose director is 
Martin Netzsch, and the Orpheus, with ten members, whose 
director is Frederick Scheer. 

The Manchester Gymnasium was organized August 11, 
1874, to afford its members opportunity for athletic exer- 
cise. It has now about fifty members and Frank T. E. 
Richardson is its president. It has rooms in Wells' ^block 
which are supplied with gymnastic apparatus, and it is in a 
flourishing condition. 



246 Manchester. 

The Forrest Dramatic Association was formed in Janu- 
ary, 1874, by several persons in tlie city who are interested 
in amateur theatricals. It includes some good actors, and 
has given several exhibitions. Its president is George F. 
Crosl)y. 

The Manchester Printers' Literary Association, was 
formed February 4, 1875, by young men employed in the 
different printing-offices in the city, for literary and social 
enjoyment. It has about twenty members and its president 
is Charles F. Coffin. 

A number of prominent men of the city organized, Decem- 
ber 24, 1874, the Manchester Social Union, a club " for so- 
cial improvement, amusement and recreation without vice." 
It has about a hundred and forty members and its rooms 
arc in Merchants' Exchange. Its officers are: president, 
Daniel Clark ; vice-president, John S. Kidder ; secretary, 
Nathan P. Hunt; treasurer, Daniel W. Lane; executive 
committee, Charles H. Bartlett, George W. Dodge, Charles 
E. Balch. 

Early in February, 1875, about twenty boys of the High 
school formed an organization under the name of the High 
School Debating Clul), to hold meetings weekly for literary 
exercises. Frank H. Challis is its president. 

FORMER ASSOCIATIONS. 

Among associations of various kinds in this city whose 
day is past the " Manchester District Medical Society," 
which was organized in June, 1841, and was in existence 
as late as 1845, is the only society of physicians of which 
record has been preserved. The " Manchester Mesmeric 
Institute " was formed in April, 1848, for the advancement 
of the principles of mesmerism, with the following offi- 
cers : president, Edward P. Offutt ; vice-president, Ben- 
jamin Kinsley ; secretary, Frederick Smyth ; treasurer. 



Miscellaneous Societies. 247 

George Marstoii. It probably had a brief existence. The 
" Manchester Academy " was an association which was or- 
ganized, with David A. Bunton as president, for educational 
purposes. Under its auspices a school was opened, Juno 
12, 18-lo, in a building on the corner of Elm and Lowell 
streets, and placed in charge of A. M. Pay son. Subsequent 
principals were John G. Sherburne and Franklin Webster. 
It was afterwards kept in Harmony hall, farther down Elm 
street, and was probably discontinued about 184(3. This 
was a few years before Rodney Kendall had opened his 
'' select school " in the old chapel on Central street. He 
afterwards kept it in a building on the corner of Elm and 
Hanover streets and in other places, continuing it till about 
1860.x 

In 1844 there was a stir among the w^orking-men of the 
country, and in many towns and cities they formed " mu- 
tual benefit associations" to protect themselves against real 
or fancied injustice on the part of their employers. One 
of these was organized in this city, September 7, 1844, by 
a number of mechanics and laborers, who met at that time 
at the old Freewill Baptist chapel whicli was then still situ- 
ated on Concord street. They chose Alonzo Smith presi- 
dent, Ebenezer Cross vice-president, J. C. vStowell record- 
ing secretary, J. M. Barnes corresponding secretary, and 
William H. Wiggin treasurer. Tbese societies subsided 
with the feeling which had called them into existence. 

The " Manchester Lyceum " was an association of prom- 
inent men of the city which was organized to support a 
course of lectures by speakers from abroad, usually having 
twelve or fifteen during the winter in the city hall. Single 
tickets were then sold for ninepence. The association ex- 
isted the greater part of the time between 1850 and 1860. 
About 1856 another association was formed to provide lec- 
tures upon slavery. The number of lectures and the price 
of tickets corresponded with those the Manchester Lyceum 



248 Manchester. 

adopted. It had only a brief existence. The " Manches- 
ter Musical Education Society " was organized in Decem- 
ber, 1849, had rehearsals in Patten's hall and lived for five 
or six years. There was an " Antiquarian Sacred Musical 
Society" in existence in 1858. 

The " Excelsior Literary Association," a society of clerks, 
printers, students, etc., was organized February 4, 1858, and 
held meetings in a hall in Smyth's block, leasing it and fit- 
ting it for use and giving it the name of "• Excelsior hall." 
A few years previously the " Manchester Literary Associa- 
tion " had been formed, and the two held public debates in 
the city hall. The war terminated the existence of both. 
The former came to an end in the sj)ring of 1861 and in 
the fall another association of the ^ame name was formed 
which survived a year or two longer. About 1856 there 
were organized several companies for the purpose of loan- 
ing money to meml)ers upon security, three which existed 
at that time being termed the " Citizens' Loan Fund Asso- 
ciation," the " Manchester Loan and Fund Association," 
and the " Meclianics' Perpetual Loan Fund Association." 
Three or four years later another was formed under the 
name of the " New Perpetual Loan Fund Association," 
which was in existence as late as 1866. The rest closed 
their books several years before. A musical society called 
the '"Manchester Cliorus and Glee Club " was formed in 
November, 1873, with William C. Gage as its president, 
but it lasted only through that winter. 





oMrn^e. 




POST-OFFICES, BANKS AND IN- 
SURANCE COMPANIES. 



J HE post-office, in contrast with the banks and insur- 
t^^^l ance companies which have had existence in Man- 
^'> r^ Chester, was not an institution called forth by the 
sudden prosperity which was caused by the building of the 
mills forty years ago, although there was none in Manches- 
ter till 1881, while the villages of Anioskeag and Piscata- 
quog had long since been in possession of them. There are 
now three : one in the city proper, one at Amoskeag vil- 
lage and one at Goffc's Falls. The banks, again, in dis- 
tinction from the insurance companies, have flourished un- 
interruptedly since their organization, and there are now 
four national banks and five savings banks, while the in- 
surance companies have generally been formed only to 
perish, there being but one now in existence and that of 
recent origin. 

POST-OFFICES. 

On the completion in 1831 of the Mammoth road — the 
old stage route from Lowell to Concord, passing through 
what was then the most thickly settled part of Manches- 
ter — a post-office was established at the Centre, and Sam- 
uel Jackson, the father of Albert and Samuel P. Jackson 
of this city, was appointed postmaster by the president, 
Andrew Jackson. Daily, as the stage came by from the 
north or south, the contents of the mail-bag were exam- 

16 



250 Manchester. 

ined and the letters for the office were taken out and those 
to be mailed were forwarded. 

When the Anioskeag Manufacturing Company began to 
lay the foundation of the present city along the river-bank 
in 1838 and 1889, it was found to be inconvenient for the 
people, then fast settling, to go to the Centre for their mail, 
and consequently in February, 1840, a new office was es- 
tablished in Duncklee's block, now occupied by John M. 
Chandler & Company and Ira Moore, in the part used by 
Mr. Moore, and Jesse Duncklee was appointed postmaster 
by Martin Van Buren. The name of the office at the Cen- 
tre was changed to that of Manchester Centre office, but 
soon afterwards, at the suggestion of the postmaster, Mr. 
Jackson, it was deemed inexpedient to keep two offices in 
operation and thus compel individuals to search both to 
find their letters, so Mr. Jackson resigned and the office 
at the Centre was discontinued several months after the 
new one had been located in what was then known as 
" Amoskeag new village." Mr. Duncklee had been in fee- 
ble health and died in March, 1840, without ever having 
been able to attend personally to the duties of his office. 
The vacancy thus caused was filled by the appointment of 
Paul Cragin, jr., who also received his commission from 
Van Buren, and who took charge of the office April 23, 
1840. Upon the completion of the town hall in 1841 the 
post-office was removed to that building. When it was 
burned in 1844, the office was removed to Mr. Cragin's 
house on Hanover street, the second house east of the 
First Congregational church, the present residence of Dr. 
Charles Wells. It remained there but a few weeks and 
was then kept in a " ten-footer" on Hanover street owned 
by George A. Barnes, near its present location. Upon the 
rebuilding in 1845 of the town hall, the present city hall, 
the office was once more established in it, in the southwest 
corner. 



Post Offices. 251 

In 1845 Warreu L. Lane, appointed by James K. Polk, 
succeeded Mr. Cra<i,in as postmaster and held the ofTice till 
1849, when Zachary Taylor, a whig president, gave the 
place to James Hersey. When a Democratic administra- 
tion again assumed control in ]85o with Franklin Pierce at 
its head. Col. Tiionias P. Pierce was made postmaster, and 
kept the place two terms, David J. Clark being appointed 
by Abraham Lincoln in 1801. The office had been removed 
in the spring of 1854 to its present quarters in a building on 
Hanover street which was erected by Col. Pierce and Isaac 
C Flanders. Mr. C ark held the office one term and was 
re-appointed, but died in 1865, shortly after his second terra 
began, and Col. Bradbury P. Cilley was appointed by An- 
drew Johnson. He was succeeded in 1870 by Joseph L, 
Stevens, appointed by Ulysses S. Grant. 

The first clerk was Jason Weston, now in the employ of 
the Manchester Gas-Light Company, who was employed by 
Mr. Cragin in 1841 and continued in the office till 1854. 
Daniel W. Lane, assistant cashier in the City Bank, was 
for several years head clerk, and John T, Spofford, who 
now holds that place, began service in 1862. Joel Taylor, 
who is at the head of the postal delivery force, was ap- 
pointed July 1, 1849, and advertised about that time in the 
daily papers that he would, for two cents each, deliver let- 
ters immediately upon their arrival, when directed to a par- 
ticular street and number, aiid "thus prevent their being 
taken out and read by others of the same name and per- 
haps never returned." The free-delivery system was not 
established till August, 1865. Mr. Taylor continued car- 
rier till 1856, when he resigned his position and was elect- 
ed city clerk. After a year or more he resumed his old 
place and remained in it till August, 1861, when he was 
succeeded by another. He again became carrier in Febru- 
ary, 1866, and still holds the position. 

It requires some effort of the imagination to see Mr. 



252 Manchester. 

Jackson sorting letters in liis office at Manchester Centre 
while the stage waited, forty years ago. The office of which 
he was the first occupant now emj)loys a postmaster with a 
salai-y of twenty-six hundred dollars, three clerks, seven 
letter-carriers and a mail-niesscnger ; has tliirty collection- 
boxes scattered over the city, none of which is near the 
Mammoth road ; sends and receives thirty-one mail-bags 
daily, besides newspaper-sacks ; and nearly six hundred 
ditferent papers and })eriodicals come to it yearly for reg- 
ular subscribers. Its indefatigable carriers deliver annu- 
ally a million letters and newspapers and collect a third as 
many ; eighteen hundred letters are registered and twelve 
hundred registered letters received ; forty-nine hundred 
money-orders are issued, representing ninety thousand dol- 
lars, and thirty-eight hundred paid, amounting to eighty 
thousand dollars ; and seven thousand dollars are sent to 
Great Britain in money-orders. 

The postal force at the |)resent time consists of the post- 
master — Joseph L. Stevens; clerks — John T. Spotibrd, 
James M. House, Charles 8. Stevens; letter-carriers — Joel 
Taylor, Calvin A. Jones, Edwin C. Paul, Henry M. Pills- 
bury, Harvey L. Currier, William H. Richmond, Henry B. 
Gillette; mail-messenger — Luther A. Ward. 

Though the post-office in Piscataquog village was discon- 
tinued eight or ten years before that part of Bedford was 
annexed to Manchester, yet it has an interest to those who 
have lived in this city while it was in existence. It was 
the earliest office estal)lished in this immediate vicinity, 
fifteen years before there was any office in Manchester at 
all and half as many belore one was started at Amoskeag 
village. In 181<!,thc time when inland commerce was car- 
ried on with the help of the Merrimack river, and the old 
settlers — among whom were Josej)h M. Rowell, Samuel B. 
Kidder and Samuel Hall — were boatmen, an office was es- 
tablished in Piscataquog village to satisty a growing de- 



Post Offices. 253 

mand, and James Parker was appointed postmaster. Pre- 
vious to that time the dwellers in tliat vicinity obtained 
their mail from a post-rider, who came throujjh the village 
on his way from Amherst to Concord. Through such cir- 
cuitous channels and by such slow conveyances were letters 
carried that two weeks was required for one from Gilman- 
ton to reach Piscataquog. In 1829 " Squire Parker," as 
he was generally known, was succeeded by Jonas B. Bow- 
man, and he in 1830 by James McKeen Wilkins. The lat- 
ter resigned in 1835 and Col. John S. Kidder took his j)lace 
and remained in it till 1838. He was followed by Leonard 
Rundlett who occupied the position till the discontinuance 
of the office in Piscataquog about 1840. 

About the time that manufacturing was begun in earnest 
at Amoskeag village, then a part of Gofifstown, the nearest 
post-oflRoe in the town was situated at Goffstown Centre, a 
place inconvenient on account both of distance and direc- 
tion. About 1828, therefore, an office was established in 
Amoskeag village in a building then owned by the manu- 
facturing corporation which preceded the Amoskeag Com- 
pany and used more recently as a shoe-shop, and Samuel 
Kimball was the first postmaster, being succeeded in 1830 
by Dr. Oliver Dean, the agent of the Company, who was 
followed in 1835 by Richard Kimball. He held the place 
till his death in the fall of 1837, when W. H. Kimball was 
postmaster one year, and then in 1840 the office was re- 
moved from the shop to the tavern, and the tavern-keeper, 
Hugh Moore, became postmaster. It was subsequently 
moved back to the shop where was a store of which John 
Ellison and Darwin J. Daniels had become proprietors, 
and the latter succeeded Mr. Moore in 1845. In 1848 and 
1849 A. B. Smith was postmaster. Joseph B. Quimby 
bought the store and was appointed postmaster in 1850. 
About 1855 the office was moved to the brick store where 
it is now kept and which had l)een built in 1829 for S. K., 



254 Manchester, 

Walter B. and Joseph Jones to occupy. Walter B. Jones 
was then made postmaster and continued such till 1860, 
when he was succeeded by his brother Joseph, who held 
the position till about 1867, when the office returned once 
more to the shoe-shop and Thomas S. Montgomery was ap- 
pointed postmaster. When the shop was burned soon after, 
the office was located in the brick store again, and in 1871 
Harris Jesse Poore, the present postmaster, was appointed 
to succeed Mr. Montgomery. 

Through the efforts of some of the dwellers at Goffe's 
Falls a post-office was established in the passenger-station 
of the Concord railway at that place in 1872, when the 
manufacturing industry there had been newly awakened 
and the office in Manchester was lound to he too far for 
convenience. Isaac W. Darrah was the first postmaster, 
and, upon his removal from the village about 1865, he was 
succeeded by the present postmaster ■ — Nathaniel Moore. 

BANKS. 

The first approach, probably, to a bank in Manchester 
was the system the Amoskeag Manufacturing Company 
adopted, not long after its operations had assumed a con- 
siderable magnitude, which enabled those in its employ to 
trust their earnings to its keeping. This plan was begun 
in 1842 and continued till September, 1856, when the Com- 
pany refused to receive any more deposits. At that time 
the sum in its hands was not far from two hundred thousand 
dollars, and it was gradually paid back as the depositors 
called for it. About three thousand dollars were left in 
1863 and a few hundreds remained five years later, but the 
money has since been all paid out. The whole system was 
merely incidental to the Company's business. No especial 
investments or loans were made on account of the deposits, 
the paymaster did this business as he did the rest, and the 



Banks. 255 

accounts were kept as in other departments of the Compa- 
ny's business. 

The Manchester Bank, chai'tcred by the state in Decem- 
ber, 1844, was org;anized in 1845 with the following direct- 
ors : Samuel D. Bell, Hiram Brown, Jacob G. Cilley, Isaac 
C. Flanders, Walter French, William C. Clai-ke and Nathan 
Parker. At the annual meeting in July, 1845, James U. 
Parker, Samuel D. Bell, David A. Bunton, Hiram Brown, 
Jonathan T. P. Hunt, William C. Clarke and Isaac Riddle 
were chosen directors. James U. Parker was elected pres- 
ident, and Nathan Parker cashier, both continuing in office 
till the bank ceased to do business. 

The bank began operations September 2, 1845, in Patten's 
building, with a capital of fifty thousand dollars, which was 
increased in 1847 to seventy-five thousand and in 1848 to 
one hundred thousand dollars. In 1850 ten thousand dol- 
lars were added, and, two years later, fifteen thousand, 
making a capital in 1852 of one hundred and twenty-five 
thousand dollars. 

In 1848, upon the resignation of Mr. Bell, George W. 
Pinkerton was elected a director in his place, and in 1849 
Daniel Watts of Londonderry was chosen to succeed Mr. 
Clarke, resigned. Mr. Pinkerton resigned in 1853 and 
went to Derry, David Gillis being chosen in his place. In 
1854 Mr. Brown resigned and went to California and John 
H, Maynard succeeded him. Patten's building was burned 
February 5, 1856, and the bank was moved to Merchants' 
Exchange, being taken across the street in the fall to the 
rooms on the corner of Elm and Market streets now occu- 
pied by the Manchester National Bank. 

In 1858, upon the death of Mr. Watts, Gilman H. Kim- 
ball was elected a director. In 1860, upon the resignation 
of Mr. Gillis and his removal to Nashua, Benjamin F. Mar- 
tin was chosen to succeed him, and in 1864 Phinehas Ad- 
ams succeeded Mr. Riddle. In 1865, upon the decease of 



256 Manchester. 

Mr. Hunt, Charles Chase was elected in his stead and the 
officers were as follows : James U. Parker, president ; Na- 
than Parker, cashier; James U. Parker, David A. Buiiton, 
John H. Maynard, Phinehas Adams, Benjamin F. Martin, 
Charles Chase, diiectors. In 1866 the bank ceased doing 
business, and in that year and the spring of 1867 the stock- 
holders were paid dividends of one hundred and forty dol- 
lars per share, and there is still a small balance of profits 
to be divided among them. The semi-annual dividends 
were about four per cent, on an average. 

The Manchester National Bank, which succeeded to the 
business and location of the old Manchester Bank, was or- 
ganized in April, 1865, under an act of Congress, by the 
choice of the following officers : Nathan Parker, president ; 
Charles E. Balch, cashier ; Nathan Parker, Benjamin P. 
Martin, Phinehas Adams, Gilman H. Kimball, John H. 
Maynard, David A. Bunton and Horace P. Watts, direct- 
ors. The only change was made in February, 1874, when 
Aretas Blood was elected to fill the vacancy caused by the 
death of Mr. Kimball. The bank began business in 1865 
with a capital of one hundred thousand dollars, which was 
increased, April 2, 1872, to one hundred and fifty thousand. 
It has paid semi-annual dividends of five per cent, and now 
has a surplus of fifty-five thousand dollars. 

The Manchester Savings Bank, which occupied rooms in 
common with the Manchester Bank during its existence, 
and now shares those of the Manchester National Bank, 
was chartered July b, 1846, beginning business the same 
year. It was organized with the following officers: Sam- 
uel D. Bell, president ; John A. Burnham, Daniel Clark, 
Herman Foster, Nahum Baldwin, George Porter, David 
Gillis, William P. Newell, Hiram Brown, trustees. Nathan 
Parker was chosen treasurer and has held the office ever 
since. 

In 1847, upon the resignation of Mr. Bell as president 



Banks. 257 

and trustee, Hiram Brown was elected in his stead as 
president, and Nathan Parker as trustee. The same year 
George W. Pinkerton was chosen to succeed Mr. Burn- 
ham, resigned. At the annual meeting in 1848 William 
F. Newell was elected president, continuing such to the 
present time, and Daniel Clark, Herman Foster, Nahum 
Baldwin, George Porter, David Gillis, Oliver W. Baylcy, 
George VV. Pinkerton and Nathan Parker, trustees. They 
were re-elected in 1846, with the exception of Mr. Bayley, 
who was succeeded by Phinehas Adams. In 1852 Messrs. 
Porter and Pinkerton were succeeded by William C. Clarke 
and J, T. P. Hunt. In 1856 Josiah Crosby was chosen in 
the stead of Mr. Gillis. In 1864 David A. JJunton was 
elected in place of Mr. Baldwin. In 1865, upon the death 
of Mr. Hunt, Benjamin F. Martin was elected a trustee, 
and in 1872 Charles E. Balch was chosen to fill the va- 
cancy caused by the death of Mr. Clarke. By the decease 
in the early part of 1875 of Messrs. Crosby and Foster two 
vacancies were caused in the board. 

The present officers are : William P. Newell, president ; 
Nathan Parker, treasurer; Charles E. Balch, cashier ; Dan- 
iel Clark, Phinehas Adams, Nathan Parker, Benjamin F. 
Martin, David A. Bunton, Charles E. Balch, trustees. The 
deposits at present are about two million seven hundred 
and fifty thousand dollars, and the interest paid depositors 
up to July, 1873, has been equal to six and a half per cent. 
annually. 

The Amoskeag Bank was incorporated by the state June 
24, 1848, and began business in October of that year with 
a capital of one hundred thousand dollars, which was in- 
creased, August 5, 1850, by one-half, and, August 7, 1854, 
was raised to two hundred thousand dollars. At the first 
meeting of the bank, October 2, 1848, Richard H. Ayer, 
Samuel D. Bell, Mace Moulton, Stephen D. Green, John S. 
Kidder, Stephen Manahan and Edson Hill were elected di. 



268 Manchester. 

rectors. Richard H. Ayer was chosen president, and Moody 
Currier, cashier. In 1849, Mr. Green having left the city, 
Robert Read was elected a director in his place. In 1850, 
Mr. Hill having left the city and Mr. Manahan having sold 
his stock, there were caused two vacancies in the board of 
directors, which were filled by the election of Isaac C. Flan- 
ders and Walter French. 

In 1852 Ezekiel A. Straw was elected a director to suc- 
ceed Mr. Read, who had gone to Nashua. At a directors' 
meeting, February 14, 1858, Mr. Ayer having deceased, 
Herman Foster was elected a director in his place, and 
Walter French was chosen to succeed him as president. 
Reuben D. Mooers was elected a director to fill the vacancy 
caused by tbe resignation of Mr. Bell. At a directors' meet- 
ing, May 9, 1853, John S. Kidder was elected president to 
succeed Mr. French, who was killed by a railway accident at 
Norwalk, Conn. The latter's place in the board of directors 
was filled at the annual meeting of 1854 by the election of 
Amos G. Gale, and James M. Berry was chosen to fill the 
vacancy caused by the resignation of Mr. Flanders. 

In 1855 Adam Chandler was elected a director in place 
of Mr. Berry, deceased, and in 1861 Henry Putney was 
elected a director in place of Mr. Gale, deceased. In 1862, 
Mr. Mooers having left town, Edson Hill was chosen a di- 
rector to succeed him. March 1, 1866, a new bank having 
been organized under United States control, the stock of 
the old bank was reduced to one hundred thousand dol- 
lars ; July 1, to twenty thousand dollars; and, October 1, 
the balance was paid to the stockholders. In 1868, Messrs. 
Moulton and Putney having died and Mr. Chandler having 
resigned, Daniel F. Straw, Lucien B. Clough and George 
B. Chandler were elected directors in their stead. The af- 
fairs of the bank were closed that year. 

It had already been practically succeeded by the Am- 
oskeag National Bank, which was organized November 1, 



Banks. 259 

1864, with a capital of one hundred thousand dollars, 
which was increased, June 12, 1865, to two hundred thou- 
sand dollars. At the time of organization Moody Currier 
was elected president and George B. Chandler cashier, 
both of whom still hold their respective offices. The di- 
rectors elected at that time were : Moody Currier, John 
S, Kidder, Stephen D. Green, Edson Hill, Henry Putney, 
Adam Chandler, Daniel Clark, Darwin J. Daniels and 
Horace Johnson. January 9, 1866, Mr. Daniels having 
died, Stevens James was chosen in his stead. January 8, 
1867, Otis Barton and John S. Elliot were elected to fill 
the places of Messrs. Clark and Putney. In place of Adam 
Chandler and Mr. Johnson, Reed P. Silver and Henry 
Chandler were chosen, January 11, 1868. January 10, 
1871, Herman Foster was elected to fill the vacancy caused 
by the death of Mr. James. January 13, 1874, David B. 
Varney was elected in the stead of Mr. Barton. At a 
meeting of the directors, March 1, 1875, John B. Varick 
was chosen to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Mr. 
Foster. 

From its start in 1848 till June, 1870, the bank had oc- 
cupied the rooms in the second story of Union building on 
Market street now used by the Manchester Gas-Light Com- 
pany, but then it exchanged them for its present quarters in 
Merchants' Exchange. The present officers are : Moody 
Currier, president ; George B. Chandler, cashier ; Moody 
Currier, John S. Kidder, Stephen D. Green, Edson Hill, 
John S. Elliot, Reed P. Silver, Henry Chandler, David B. 
Varney, John B. Varick, directors. 

The Amoskeag Savings Bank, which has occupied rooms 
with the state and national bank of the same name, was 
chartered June 19, 1852, and held its first meeting four 
days later, when Walter French was elected president ; 
Isaac C. Flanders, William Richardson, Frederick Smyth, 
Samuel H. Ayer, Jacob G. Cilley, John S. Kidder, Timo- 



260 Manchester. 

thy W. Little and Stephen Manahan, trustees. At the first 
meeting of the trustees, June 24, Moody Currier was ap- 
pointed treasurer. At the first annual meeting, June 30, 
1853, Mr. Ayer declined a re-election and Oliver W. Bay- 
ley was chosen in his stead, and Mace Moulton was elected 
president in place of Mr. French, deceased. June 28, 
1855, Joseph Knowlton was elected in place of Mr. Smyth. 
July 2, 1857, Stephen D. Green, Stevens James and War- 
ren L. Lane were chosen to succeed Messrs. Flanders, Kid- 
der and Hayley. Stevens James was succeeded, June 24, 
1858, hy Jacob F. James. 

June 30, 1859, Moody Currier and Justus D. Watson were 
chosen to fill the vacancies caused by the death of Messrs. 
Manahau and Lane. June 27, 18bl, William Whittle was 
elected to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Mr. Rich- 
ardson. June 26, 1862, Darwin J. Daniels was chosen in 
the stead of Mr. Currier. June 25, 1863, Messrs. Daniels 
and Little having died, Moody Currier and Benjamin F. 
Martin were elected in their stead. June 30, 1864, Ste- 
vens James was chosen in place of Mr. Watson, deceased. 
June 29, 1865, Mace Moulton and Henry 0. Merrill were 
elected, one in place of Mr. Knowlton, deceased, and the 
other in place of Mr. Martin. At a special meeting, March 
13, 1867, Mr. Moulton having died. Moody Currier was 
elected in his stead as president, and George B. Chandler 
as trustee. June 25, 1868, Joseph E. Bennett was chosen 
to succeed Stevens James. June 24, 1869, Lucien B. 
Clough was elected in the stead of Mr. Whittle. June 30, 
1870, James A. Weston was chosen to succeed Mr. Chan- 
dler. June 29, 1871, George W. Riddle was elected to fill 
the vacancy caused by the death of Mr. Cilley. 

Tiie present officers are: president and treasurer. Moody 
Currier; trustees. Moody Currier, Stephen D. Green, Ja- 
cob F. James, Henry C. Merrill, Joseph E. Bennett, Lucien 
B. Clough, James A. Weston, George W. Riddle. The 
amount of deposits is about three million dollars. 



Banks. 261 

The City Bank was chartered by the state July 2, 1853, 
and was organized that year with the following officers : 
Isaac C. Flanders, president ; Edward W. Harrington, cash- 
ier ; Isaac C. Flanders, Samuel W. Parsons, Joseph Kidder, 
William C. Clarke, Oliver Bayley, William H. Hill, Andrew 
G. Tncker, directors. In 1859 Joseph A. Haines was 
elected a director to succeed Mr. Bayley, who went to Bos- 
ton. In I860 Clinton W. Stanley took the place of Mr. 
Clarke and David R. Leach succeeded Mr. Hill. 

The bank commenced business in 1853 with a capital of 
one hundred thousand dollars, which was increased to one 
hundred and fifty thousand the next year. It paid annual 
dividends of eight per cent, while it remained a state bank. 
In August, 1865, it was converted into the City National 
Bank, at which time Isaac C. Flanders, who had been its 
president from the organization, presented his resignation 
as president and director. He was succeeded in the former 
capacity by Clinton W. Stanley and in the latter by Alpheus 
Gay. In 1868 Mr. Tucker was succeeded by Thomas Mor- 
o-an. Daniel W. Lane, who had been connected with the 
bank since 1855, became in 1865 assistant cashier. The 
bank at first occupied rooms in the block on the southern 
corner of Elm and Hanover streets, built by P. B. Putney 
and George A. Barnes, but a few months later it was 
moved into the building now occupied by the post-office 
and which was built by Col. Thomas P. Pierce, then post- 
master, and Isaac C. Flanders, president of the bank. In 
December, 1870, it was moved to its present location in the 
south-east corner of Merchants' Exchange. The present 
officers are : Clinton W. Stanley, president ; Edward W. 
Harrington, cashier; Daniel W. Lane, assistant cashier; 
Clinton W. Stanley, David R. Leach, Samuel W. Pardons, 
Joseph Kidder, Thomas Morgan, Joseph A. Haines, Al- 
pheus Gay, directors. The bank has paid eight annual 
dividends of eight per cent, since it started, and now has a 
sui[)lus of seven thousand dollars. 



262 Manchester. 

The City Savings Bank, which has occupied the same 
rooms as the City Bank and its successor, was chartered 
June 25, 1859, and was organized in August with the fol- 
lowing officers : Joseph Kidder, president ; Edward W. 
Harrington, treasurer ; Samuel W. Parsons, James Hersey, 
John D. Bean, R. N. Batchelder, James S. Cheney, Andrew 
G. Tucker, J. C. Ricker, Bradhnry P. Cilley, James S. 
Cogswell, John F. Dmicklee, trustees. In 18(31 John C. 
Young was elected to succeed Mr. Duncklee, who removed 
to Boston. In 1863, upon the death of Mr. Cogswell, 
Lewis W. Clark was chosen in his stead. In 1864 William 
H. Boyd was elected to succeed Mr. Hersey, deceased. In 
1867 Mr. Batchelder was succeeded by William B. John- 
son, and Mr. Tucker by Henry Chandler, both of the re- 
tiring trustees removing from the city. In 1870 Hilas 
Dickey was elected to succeed Mr. Clark, and the latter 
was chosen in 1872 to fill the vacancy caused by the death 
of Mr. Cheney. 

The present officers are : Joseph Kidder, president ; Ed- 
ward W. Harrington, treasurer; Samuel W. Parsons, Wil- 
liam H. Boyd, Jedediah C. Ricker, Lewis W. Clark, John 
D. Bean, John C. Young, Bradbury P. Cilley, Hilas Dickey, 
William B. Johnson, Daniel W. Lane, trustees. The total 
amount of deposits is about half a million dollars, and the 
bank has jjaid an average of six per cent, annually on 
deposits. 

The Merrimack River Bank was chartered by the state 
July 14, 1855, with a capital of one hundred and fifty thou- 
sand dollars, and its first officers were : William G. Means, 
president; Frederick Smyth, cashier ; David Cross, Water- 
man Smith, John H. Moor, William Whittle, William P. 
Newell, Benjamin F. Martin, William G. Means, directors. 
In 1857 Phinehas Adams was elected to succeed Mr. Whit- 
tle. In 1859 Benjamin F. Martin was elected ))resident 
and Joseph B. Clark, director, both in place of Mr. Means. 



Banks. 263 

The next year Messrs. Martin, Newell, Moor and Adams 
were succeeded as directors by Aretas Blood, William W. 
Brown, Natt Head and R. N. Batchelder, Waterman Smith 
beitig elected president. The annual dividends averaged 
about ten per cent. 

In 18G5 the name of the bank was changed to that of 
the First National Bank of Manchester, and it was put under 
United States jurisdiction, becoming a government depos- 
itory and disbursing agent of the United States. Thomas 
Wheat succeeded Mr. Blood as a director in 1868 and in 
1870 Frederick Smyth was elected to take Mr. Batchel- 
der's place. Dr. Brown died in 1874. The present officers 
are : Waterman Smith, president ; Frederick Smyth, cash- 
ier ; David Cross, Waterman Smith, ^Joseph B. Clark, 
Natt Head, Thomas Wheat, Frederick Smyth, directors. 
The bank has always occupied rooms in Smyth's block. 
Its dividends have averaged ten per cent., and it has a sur- 
plus of seventy-five thousand dollars. 

The Manchester Five Cents Savings Institution was char- 
tered June 26, 1858, and organized with the following 
board of officers : Waterman Smith, president ; David Gil- 
lis, George Porter, vice-presidents; Frederick Smyth, treas- 
urer; Benjamin F. Martin, Joseph B. Clark, Isaac Smith, 
William B. Webster, Frank A. Brown, George Thompson, 
John B. Clarke, Peter S. Brown, Frederick Smyth, Josiah 
S. Shannon, John L. Kelly, James M. Varnum, Alonzo 
Smith, Thomas Wheat, Warren Page, Albe C. Heath, War- 
ren S. Peabody, Joseph A. Haines, trustees. The president 
and vice-presidents were ex-offiaiis membei-s of the board of 
trustees. 

In 1859 William G. Perry was elected a trustee in place 
of Frank A. Brown, deceased. In 1860 Benjamin F. Mar- 
tin and William G. Perry became vice-presidents in place 
of Messrs. Gillis and Porter, C. W. Johnson and David 
Cross succeeding Messrs, Martin and Perry as trustees. 



264 Manchester. 

The same year Stephen Pahner was elected a trustee to 
succeed Isaac Smith. lu 1861 George Thompson succeed- 
ed Mr. Martin as vice-president, and the former's jjlace on 
the board of trustees was filled by Natt Head. In 1863 
Stephen Palmer was chosen vice-president to take Mr. 
Thompson's place, El)enezer Ferren was elected trustee to 
succeed Mr. Palmer, and Mr. Thompson was again made a 
trustee, to succeed Peter S. Brown, deceased. In 1865 
Charles H. Bartlett was elected to fill the vacancy in the 
board of trustees caused by the death of Alonzo Smith. 
In accordance with an act of the legislature, June 80, 1865, 
the bank assumed the name of the Merrimack River Sav- 
ings Bank. 

In 1866 Josepl^F. Kennard, John Brugger and Joseph 
L. Stevens were elected trustees in place of Messrs. Thomp- 
son, Haines, and Peabody. In 1867 Martin V. B. Edgerly 
was chosen a trustee to fill the vacancy caused by the death 
of Mr. Johnson. In 1868 Charles Williams was elected a 
trustee to succeed Mr. Webster. In 1869 Freeman Iliggins 
was chosen to fill the vacancy in the board caused by the 
death of Mr. Page, and A. 0, Dillingham was elected a 
trustee in that year. In 1871 Joseph L. Stevens became 
vice-president, succeeding Mr. Perry, and Francis B, Eaton 
became a trustee, taking Mr. Ferren's place. In 1873 
William W. Brown was elected a trustee in place of Mr. 
Williams, and upon his death in the next year was suc- 
ceeded by William Crane of Candia. Francis B. Eaton 
then became vice-president, succeeding Mr. Stevens, and 
his place as a trustee is yet unfilled. 

In the ])reseiit board of officers the president is Water- 
man Smitli ; vice-presidents, Stephen Palmer, Fi-ancis B, 
Eaton ; treasurer, Frederick Smyth ; trustees, Frederick 
Smyth, Natt Head, Joseph B. Clark, John B. Clarke, Josiah 
S. Shannon, John L. Kelly, James M. Yarnum, Thomas 
Wheat, A. 0. Dillingham, David Cross, Albe C. Heath, 









(^^^^^^. 



Insurance Companies. 265 

Martin V. B. Edgeily, Charles H. Bartlett, Joseph F. Ken- 
nard, John Brugger, Freeman Higgins, William Crane, the 
president and vicc-i)resident, ex-officiis. The amount of its 
deposits is about one million two hundred thousand dollars, 
and its dividends have averaged about seven per cent. The 
bank occupies rooms in common with the First National 
Bank. 

The People's Savings Bank was organized in August, 
ISTo, and began business on the first of October, with the 
following officers : president, Person C. Cheney ; cashier, 
George B. Chandler; trustees, Person C. Cheney, Elijah 
M. Topliff, Atherton W. Quint, Henry M. Putney, Moody 
Currier, Charles H. Bartlett, Abraham P. Olzendam, Edson 
Hill, George W. Riddle, George B. Chandler, It was 
formed on the guarantee principle, and a fund of fifty thou- 
sand dollars, as security for depositors, was subscrilied be- 
fore it began business. Its deposits, March 1, 1875, were a 
little over a hundred thousand dollars. It occupies rooms 
with the Amoskeag National Bank. 

INSURANCE COMPANIES. 

Ever since the town was fairly started in life there have 
been attempts made to form insurance companies, but few 
of those have been successful. The first endeavor, how- 
ever, was an exception to the rule, and it resulted in the 
establishment of the Amoskeag Mutual Fire Insurance 
Company, which was organized December 24, 1840, and 
continued in existence some four or five years. Samuel D. 
Bell was its president during that time and David A. Bun- 
ton was at first secretary and treasurer but was afterwards 
succeeded by David Hill. It was revived in 1860, w^hen 
Isaac Riddle was chosen president and Elihu T. Stevens 
secretary and treasurer. They remained the officers during 
the half dozen years the company did business. The Man- 

17 



266 Manchester. 

Chester Mutual Fire Insurance Company was organized and 
began business in July, 1858, and was dissolved in a year 
or two afterwards. John S. Elliot was its president and 
Jeremiah D. Lyford secretary and treasurer. 

In 1869 the New Hampshire Fire Insurance Company, 
the first and only stock insurance company in the state, 
was chartered and organized. Its president was Ezekiel 
A. Straw ; its vice-president, James A. Weston ; its secre- 
tary, Isaac W. Smith ; its treasurer, George B. Chandler ; 
its general agent, John C. French : and these have since 
continued in of^ce with the exception of Mr. Smith, who 
was succeeded in September, 3 870, by John C. French. 
In 1878 George W. Eastman was chosen assistant secre- 
tary. It began business April 6, 1870, with a capital of 
one hundred thousand dollars, which has since been in- 
creased to two hundred and fifty thousand dollars. Its 
cash assets are four hundred thousand dollars. 

A number of companies have been incorporated at differ- 
ent times, but none of them have done any business and 
scarcely one has been organized. In 1851 the Manchester 
Insurance Company was chartered ; in 1855 the Manches- 
ter City Fire and Marine Insurance Company, from whose 
name the word " City " was dropped in 1862 ; in 1867 the 
City Fire Insurance Company ; and in 1869 the State Fire 
Insurance Company. 



MANUFACTURES. 



If HE record of the real Manchester is little more, for 
V^l a time at least, than the record of its manufactur- 
^'i? (^ iiig. The first cotton-mill at the Falls was started 
only a year before the name of Derryfield was thrown 
aside, so that Manchester and its manufacturing industries 
are almost one in years as they are one in fact. The first 
ventures in cotton-spinning seem small at this day, and 
there was little accomplished till Massachusetts capitalists 
had computed the power of the waterfall at Amoskeag and 
the Amoskeag Company sprung from their foresight and 
enterprise. A clear statement of the origin and growth of 
Manchester's manufactures necessarily involves a slight 
repetition of what has already been referred to as an cle- 
ment of its life. 

Cotton goods were first made upon the Merrimack in 
1809 at Amoskeag Falls in what was then Gotifstown. Tiio 
first cotton-mill in the state, however, was built in New 
Jpswicli in 1803. It was there that Benjamin Prichard's 
fingers learned the trade, and he, coming over to this part 
of the county, located liimself in i^edford and spun cotton 
at the old " Gofife place." This was too small a field for 
Mr. Prichard's operations, and so he joined himself with 
Ephraim, David and Robert Stevens, and they built a small 
mill on the west side of the falls at Amoskeag village in 
1809. The enterprise assumed still larger proportions the 
next year by the formation of a stock company, first called 
the " Amoskeag Cotton and Wool Factory " and incori)ora- 



268 Manchester. 

ted in June as the " Amoskeag Cotton and Woolen Manu- 
facturing Company." At the first meeting of the directors, 
James Parker, Samuel P. Kidder, John Stark, jr., David 
McQueston and Benjamin Prichard were present. James 
Parker was chosen president and Jotham Gillis, clerk. 
The latter became, also, the first agent. Dr. William Wal- 
lace of Bedford, who was appointed, declining to serve. 
Mr. Gillis was followed by Philemon Walcott, John G. 
Moor and Frederick G. Stark. The latter's salary was one 
hundred and eighty dollars a year. There was thus at that 
time in Manchester one corporation which owned one mill 
without pickers or looms. The cotton was picked and the 
yarn woven in the neighborhood, a "smart weaver" earn- 
ing thirty -six cents a day. 

The company's dividends were not so many and so large 
as hope had declared them, and after 1815 little was done 
till 1822, when Oluey Robinson bought the property of the 
company and resumed business. He is said to have been 
" inclined to outside speculation rather than to his legiti- 
mate business," and he was soon succeeded by Larncd 
Pitcher and Samuel Slater of Providence, R. I. He had 
bought machinery and borrowed money of them and gave 
them a mortgage of bis mill. 

But in 1825 Willard Sayles and Lyman Tiffany — who, 
as well as Slater, were members of the firm from which has 
descended the one which sells for the Amoskeag Company 
its goods to-day — Oliver Dean and Ira Gay were admitted 
to partnership, and from this point onward the story is one of 
continued prosperity. Dean, Sayles and Tiffany had all been 
engaged in manufacturing in Norfolk county, Massachusetts, 
whose streams afford a number of small water-powers, and 
brouoht with them to Manchester a practical acqiiaintance 
with the business and abundant means. Dr. Dean became 
agent of the firm and moved to Amoskeag village in 1826. 
The business then received a fresh impulse. In that year 



Amoskeag Manufacturing Company. 269 

the old mill was enlarged, a new one, known as the " hell 
mill " hecause the hell which called the operatives huii<r up- 
on it, and another upon an island in the river, were huilt, 
and the manufacture of sheetings, shirtings and tickings he- 
gun. The latter acquired an unrivalled reputation under the 
name of "A. C. A" tickings, "A. C." standing for Amos- 
keag Company," and the second "A" marking the class of 
goods. The mill upon the island where these tickings 
were made was burned in 1889, and the old and bell mills 
in 1848. Thus in fifteen years only two new mills had 
been built, and the business, which a few years later re- 
quired a capital of a million dollars, was still carried on as 
a private enterprise. 

THE amoskeag MANUFACTURING COMPANY. 

Thus far we have had to do with the operations of a 
firm, the failure of a company, the building of two or three 
mills, but at seven o'clock in the evening of the thirteenth 
of July, 1831, five men sat in the counting-room of the 
company which then owned the mills and accepted an act 
passed by the state legislature twelve days before, which al- 
lowed them to form the Amoskeag Manufacturing Com- 
pany with a possible capital of a million dollars. The 
men were Ira Gay, Willard Sayles, Oliver Dean, Larned 
Pitcher and Lyman Tiffany, who also acted as attorney for 
Samuel Slater. Dr. Dean presided at the meeting and Ira 
Gay was chosen its clerk. At a meeting the next day by- 
laws were adopted, the annual meeting was appointed in 
July and the organization perfected. Lyman Tiffany was 
chosen president ; Lyman Tiffany, Ira Gay and Willard 
Sayles, directors ; Ira Gay, clerk ; Oliver Dean, agent and 
treasurer. 

The property of the old firm was exchanged for stock in 
the new company, and the latter acquired by purchase a 



270 Manchester, 

title to land on both sides of the river, mostly, however, 
on the east side, where engineers had decided were the best 
sites for mills and the best tracks for canals. In 1835 the 
new organization bonght the property and interest of the 
Bow Canal Company, the Isle of Hooksett Canal Company, 
the Amoskeag Locks and Canal Company and the Union 
Locks and Canal, all of which, as their names imply, had 
built canals at different points on the river. The Hooksett 
Manufacturing Company was merged with the Amoskeag 
in 1886 and the Concord Manufacturing Company shared 
the same fate the next year. The Amoskeag Company 
thus had obtained a full title, to all the water-power on the 
river from Manchester to Concord and all the land in Man- 
chester on the Merrimack available for mill-sites. It was 
also in possession of large tracts of land adjacent to the 
river and extending for some distance from it. 

Having thus cleared the way, they soon began operations 
in earnest. In 1836 the wooden dam which had hitherto 
checked the river's tiow at Amoskeag Falls was thoroughly 
repaired in order to answer the purposes of a coffer-dam, 
and the next year was begun tlie construction of a wing-dam 
of stone with guard-locks on the east side, which was com- 
pleted in 1840. At the same time the farther from the 
river of the two present canals was built by Lobdell and 
Russell. In 1838 a contract was made with Russell, Barr 
& Company, of which firm Isaac C. Flanders, afterwards 
president of the City Bank, was a member, to construct the 
" lower canal," and the contract was fulfilled. The first 
building put up on the east side of the river was what was 
then the Stark Mills counting-room, at the foot of Stark 
street, part of which was temporarily uSed for a counting- 
room by the land and water-power department of the Amos- 
keag Company. The next was the one designated as "num- 
ber one, Stark block," where the agents and clerks of the 
mills boarded with S, S. Moulton till November, 1839, when 



Amoskeag Manufacturing Company. 271 

the Manchester House was finished and William Shepherd, 
its present proprietor, took charge of it. The first mills 
built on the east side were what were then number one and 
number two mills of the Stark corporation, which were 
erected for that company in 1838 and 1839. 

At that time a number of men who have since been well 
known in Manchester were in the pay of the Amoskeag 
Company. Hiram Brown, afterwards mayor of the city, 
was employed to oversee tlie stone-work; Phinehas Stevens, 
the father of A. G. and G. W. Stevens, now civil engineers 
of the Manchester and Amoskeag corporations respectively, 
was its mill-wright and wheel-wright; John D. Kimball was 
an overseer of carpenter-work ; T. J. Carter was the resi- 
dent engineer; Henry S. Wiiitney was an overseer of gen- 
eral out-door work ; Warren Paige had charge of the lum- 
ber-yard ; Nahum Baldwin, Daniel L. Stevens and Charles 
Hutchinson were employed in the planing-mill ; George P. 
Judkins managed the saw-mill and Samuel Boice was em- 
ployed in it; Samuel B. Kidder has had charge of the 
locks and canals from then till now ; Andrew Bunton, the 
father of the Manchester agent of the United States and 
Canada Express, and Levi Sargent were contractors for 
stone ; John H. Maynard was the head carpenter ; Jona- 
than T. P. Hunt, the father of Nathan P. Hunt, and Jo- 
seph E. Bennett, the present city clerk, were employed as 
masons in the building of the mills. 

The company laid out the site of a town with a main 
street running north and south, parallel with the river, 
with other streets running parallel with this and across 
it, reserving land for public squares, and in 1838, having 
divided part of its land into lots suitable for stores and 
dwellings, sold it, bringing into the market by this and 
subsequent sales a large part of the land on which the city 
of to-day stands. In 1838 they sold a site and privileges 
for mills to a new company wiiich had been incorporated as 



'272 Manchester, 

the Stark Mills, and built for them, in this and subse- 
quent years, the factories they now occupy. After the 
burning of their old mills at Amoskeag they finished in 
1841 two new ones just below the Stark mills for their own 
use, and added to them in subsequent years as their needs 
required. In 1845 they sold land and built mills and a 
printery for a new corporation which had been organized 
as the Manchester Mills. To meet a demand for machinery 
for their own mills and those they erected for others, they 
built in 1840 a machine-slioj), in 1842 a foundry and in 
1848 replaced both these by new and larger ones, beginning 
at that time the manufacture of locomotives, building new 
shops for mechanical purposes when needed. In 1859 was 
begun the manufacture of the famous Amoskeag steam fire- 
engines. Some time after they had finished mills for the 
larger corporations already mentioned they built for the 
convenience of individual entei'prises a building known as 
" Mechanics' Row " at the northern end of the canals, and 
also sold land and erected shops for small corporations 
which were subsequently organized. They carried out 
meanwhile their original idea of a city, building boarding- 
houses and tcmements for their own operatives and those 
of the other corporations, giving away land for churches 
and public buildings, selling it to manufacturers and busi- 
ness men, and continuing a liberal {)olicy to the present 
time. The company has now a capital of three million dol- 
lars, divided into shares of a thousand dollars each, which 
are quoted at seventeen hundred and fifty dollars. 

The first directors of the company, as has already been 
said, were Lyman Tiffany, Ira Gay and Willard Sayles, 
elected in 1881. In 1834 Ira Gay was succeeded by Oliver 
Dean. In April, 1836, it was voted not to restrict the num- 
ber of directors to three, and to those already chosen were 
added P. T. Jackson, William Appleton, George Bond, Sam- 
uel Frothingham, Daniel I). Brodhead and George Howe. 



Amoskeag Manufacturing Company. 273 

These were re-elected at the annual meeting of that year, 
but in 1837 the board was so changed as to consist of Oli- 
ver Dean, Willard Sayles, George Howe, Samuel Frothing- 
ham, Francis C. Lowell, John A. Lowell, Daniel D. Brod- 
head, Samuel Hubbard and William Appleton. In 1838 
Samuel Frothinghani, John A. Lowell and Daniel D. Brod- 
head were succeeded by George W. Lyman, Nathan Aj)ple- 
ton and James K. Mills. 

The animal meetings had hitherto been held at the old 
counting-room in Amoskeag village, but in 1840 the stock- 
holders met there at noon and adjourned to assemble in 
fifteen minutes at the counting-room in Manchester. At 
that time David Sears and Samuel Frothingham took the 
places of Messrs. Hubbard and Mills. In 1852 Joseph Til- 
den succeeded Francis C. Lowell and the directors were 
authorized to appoint a place for the annual meetings, 
which were thereafter held at Manchester. From that time 
changes in the board of directors were few. In 1847 Wil- 
liam Amory took the place of Mr. Sayles and was himself 
succeeded in 1841 by Robert Read. In 1853 Gardner 
Brewer was chosen to succeed Mr. Tilden, and in 1856 
Jonathan T. P. Hunt to succeed Robert Read. 

In 1857, at the annual meetiiig in July, it was voted to 
adjourn till October and the meetings have since been held 
in the latter month. In that year David Sears resigned 
his directorship and his place was left unfilled. In 1861 
the number of directors was reduced to six and Oliver 
Dean, George Howe, George W. Lyman, William Apple- 
ton, Gardner Brewer and Jonathan T. P. Hunt were chosen. 
These, with the exception of William Appleton, were re- 
elected the next year, when it was voted to have but five 
directors. In 1865 Daniel Clark succeeded Mr. Hunt. In 
1866 the number of directors was increased by the addi- 
tion of T. Jefferson Coolidge and Thomas Wigglesworth. 
In 1871 Oliver Dean and George W. Lyman declined far- 



274 Manchester. 

ther service, and George Howe, having ceased to be a 
stockliolder, was ineligible, and William Amory, John L. 
Gardner and William P. Mason were elected to fill the va- 
cancies. In 1874 Charles Amory was elected to take Mr. 
Brewer's place, made vacant by his death. 

After the organization of the corporation Lyman Tiffany 
was elected president and held the office till succeeded by 
Joseph Tilden. Upon the latter's death Dr. Dean was 
chosen president in 1853 and continued as such till 1871, 
when he resigned. He remained a director till his death. 
In 1871 Gardner Brewer was made president and contin- 
ued such till his death in 1874, when Daniel Clark was 
chosen to till the vacancy. Dr. Dean was treasurer from 
the first till 1836. Then Francis C. Lowell held the office 
one year and in 1837 William Amory, the present treas- 
urer, was elected. The first proprietors' clerk was Ira 
Gay, who was followed in 1833 by George Daniels, and he 
in 1836 by Hiram A. Daniels. Robert Read was chosen in 
1837 and the next year he was succeeded by William G. 
Means, who remained clerk till the election of the present 
one, E. A. Straw, in 1853. 

Dr. Dean, who had been the agent and treasurer of the 
private company which built the mills at Amoskeag, was 
the first agent of the Amoskeag Company and continued 
such till 1834, when he moved to Framingham, Mass., and 
was succeeded in 1835 by Harvey Hartshorn, who remained 
till 1837 when he was succeeded by William P. Newell. 
When the Hooksett mills were bought by the Amoskeag 
Company, a new department was thus created, which was 
under the charge successively of Hiram A. Daniels, Joshua 
and Stephen Ballard, William L. Killcy and T. W. Wattles. 
These were sold in 1865 to a new c()r|)oration. When the 
company began its operations on the east side of the river, 
the " Land and Water-Power Company " came into exist- 
ence, and when the company put up for its own use on the 



Amoskeag Manufacturing Company. 275 

east side, first mills and then a machine-shop, two more 
divisions were made with separate books and officers, known 
as the " Amoskeag New Mills " and the " Machine-Shop." 
William P. Newell continued the agent at the old mills at 
Amoskeag from 1837 to 1846, when he was succeeded by 
Phinehas Adams, who remained one year. His place was 
taken by C. W. Blanchard, who staid till the mills were 
burned in 1848. Hartford Idc was paymaster at the old 
mills for a time and was succeeded by George Daniels, who 
remained a number of years. ]le was followed, in turn, by 
Hiram A. Daniels, George W. Kimball and Hiram Forsaith. 

The first agent of the land and water-power department 
was Robert Read, who was succeeded in January, 1852, by 
Ezekiel A. Straw, wUo had been in the employ of the Com- 
pany as a civil engineer. The first paymaster was William 
G. Means, now of Andover, Mass., and then Joseph Knowl- 
ton. When the " new mills " were built, David Gillis, now 
of Nashua, was chosen agent and was succeeded by Mr. 
Straw in 1856. The first paymaster was Charles Richard- 
son, who held the place till succeeded by his nephew, 
Charles L. Richardson, in 1854. The first agent of the 
machine-shop, after it was finished in 1840, was William 
A. Burke, now of Lowell. He continued such till 1847 
when he resigned and his place was taken by Oliver W. 
Bayley. He resigned in 1855 to become agent of the Man- 
chester Locomotive Works and was succeeded by Cyrus 
W, Baldwin, and not long afterwards Mr. Straw assumed 
charge of this department also. The first paymaster at 
the machine-sho{) was Joseph Knowlton, who was followed, 
in turn, by William G. Means, Edward Kendall, Justus D. 
Watson and Horace M. Gillis. 

In July, 1856, the land and water-power department and 
the mills were united and placed in Mr, Straw's care, and 
irn July, 1858, these two and the machine-shop were put 
under one head, Mr. Straw, the present agent, then assuin- 



276 Manchester. 

ing exclusive control of the Company's operations in Man- 
chester, subject only to the directors. The selling agents 
are Gardner Brewer & Company of Boston. The present 
superintendent of the mills is William G. Perry, the as- 
sistant superintendent Herman F. Straw and the super- 
intendent of the machine-shop Nehemiah S. Bean. The 
engineer is Edwin H. Hobbs, and the paymaster Charles L. 
Richardson, who has been in the Company's employ thirty 
years. 

The Company once owned fifteen hundred acres of land 
on the east side of the river, about two-thirds of which are 
still retained in their possession, much of it being unim- 
proved. They own land on tire west side, also, and are 
now engaged in making a new channel for the river and 
straightening its course so as to obtain more room in their 
mill-yard. The latter's front extends along Canal street 
from Central to Stark, and its rear along the river from the 
yard of the Manchester Mills past the buildings of the 
Stark corporation. Its length on the upper canal is one 
thousand and eighty feet, and about nineteen hundred and 
sixty feet on the lower. Its boarding-houses and overseers' 
houses occupy the space bounded by Stark street on the 
north, Merrimack street on the south, including a block on 
the latter's southerly side. Canal street on the west and 
Elm back street on the east, except where the Franklin- 
street church and the public library stand. Their tene- 
ments occupy, besides, the land bounded by Canal street 
on the west, Elm back street on the east. Mechanic street 
on the south and Spring street on the north, except a piece 
whose eastern limit is Elm back street and which runs 
westerly on Spring and Water streets one hundred and fifty 
feet. The Company owns tenement-houses, also, north of 
Bridge street between Elm and Canal streets. All these 
houses, like those of the other corporations, are rented at a 
low rate to those who are in the employ of the corporation, 



Amoskeag Manufacturing Company. 277 

or leased on favorable terms to boarding-house keepers on 
condition of their boarding operatives at a fixed rate. After 
the Company began its operations on this side of the river, 
the house on the north side of Water street, now occupied 
by Dr. E. M. Tubbs, was built as a residence for the agent 
of the machine-shop. Mr. Burke lived in it during his 
agency, and then Mr. Bayley, till he built the house on the 
corner of Myrtle and Elm streets, now owned by Col. 
Franklin Tenney, and went there to live. The Company 
then exchanged it for the house on the corner of Pine and 
Hanover streets, then owned by the Stark Mills and occu- 
pied by tlieir agent, Mr. Adams, and now in the hands of 
the Roman Catholics and used by them for an orphan asy- 
lum. The next which was built of the " agents' houses," so 
called, was the one on the north side of Market street, just 
below tbe city hall, which was intended for the agent of the 
Amoskeag new mills and occupied by the first agent, Mr. 
Gillis. After he left it, it was vacant for a time and ac- 
quired the reputation of a haunted house. It has since 
been remodeled and made into tenements for overseers. 
The next, one in date was the double house whose north 
front is on Water street and its south front on Mechanic 
vStreet. The latter half was occupied by Mr. Straw, when 
he was the engineer of the land and water-power company. 
Wben he left it, Cyrus W. Baldwin, the agent of the ma- 
chine-shop at that time, occupied it, and he was succeeded 
as a tenant by Chester A. Dresser, who was then superin- 
tendent of the Amoskeag Company's upper mills. He was 
followed by William G. Perry, the present occupant, who is 
now superintendent of both the upper and the lower mills. 
The northern half was first occupied by William G. Means, 
clerk of the land and water-power department. Upon his 
departure, he was succeeded by Aldus M. Chapin, a civil 
engineer in the company's employ, and he Ijy Mr. Perry, 
who was at that time superintendent of the Amoskeag Com- 



278 Manchester. 

pany's upper mills. Then Oliver H. Moulton lived in it, 
when he took Mr. Dresser's place, and afterwards the pres- 
ent occupant, Israel Dow, took possession. The house on 
the' corner of Franklin and Merrimack streets was built 
for the residence of the agent of the land and water-power 
company, and Mr. Read, the first agent, came over from 
the other side of the river where he had been living, and 
took possession of it. When he was succeeded as agent 
by Mr. Straw, the latter went into it and lived there till 
1874, when he moved to a house of his own. 

The present dam at Amoskeag Falls was built in 1871 
by the Company, after Mr. Straw's plans and under his 
perHnal supervision. Its predecessor had lasted thirty- 
four years, had become leaky and unsafe, was built low and 
in the wrong place. The old one ran straight across, but 
the one which took its place curved around so as to give a 
wider entrance from the river, was built two feet higher 
and farther down the stream. It is in two parts, the main 
dam, from the west side to the bridge, being four hundred 
and twenty feet long, and the canal wing, from the bridge 
to the gate-house, being two hundred and thirty feet long, 
making a total length of six hundred and fifty feet. It is 
eight feet wide at the top, averages twelve feet in height, 
and cost, all tilings included, about sixty thousand dollars. 
The up[)er canal extends from the basin at the dam to the 
weir at the foot of Central street where it empties into the 
lower, and is five thousand four hundred and eighty feet 
long. The lower begins at about the same place and ex- 
tends to the weir below the Namaske Mills where it emp- 
ties into the river. It is six thousand nine hundred feet 
long and runs a part of the way over the track of the old 
Blodget canal. Till 1855 the canal was connected with 
tlic Merrimack, near the old McGregor bridge, by a set of 
locks, the Company having been under obligation to keep 
the canal open to the public as when it was owned by the 



Amoskeag Manufacturing Company. 279 

Amoskeag Locks and Canal Company, but the legislature 
of 1S55 gave permission to discontinue the locks. The 
openings of the canals at the guard gates are five hundred 
and ten feet square. The canals' width at their head is sev 
enty-three feet, and at the weirs fifty feet, with an average 
depth of ten feet. The fall from the upper to the lower 
canal is twenty feet, and from the lower canal to the river, 
thirty-four feet. 

When one crosses the canal-bridge at the foot of Stark 
street he finds a long building on his left, reaching down 
the canal. It is really two buildings, the counting-house 
and the cloth-room. The former is three stories high, one 
hundred feet in length by thirty-six in width. The upper 
story contains the hall, which is used only for stockholders' 
meetings. The second story is occupied by the counting- 
room and agent's rooms, while in the lowest story are found 
the engineer's and superintendents' rooms. The cloth- 
room is a three-story building, three hundred and sixty 
feet long and thirty wide. Here are employed forty males 
and twenty-five females in packing two hundred thousand 
pounds of cloth a week. The canal front is finished by a 
three-story building, five hundred and four feet long and 
thirty wide, used as a spinning-mill, with one story devoted 
to carding. 

Directly back of these and still on the " upper level," 
taking their power from the upper canal, are number one, 
number two, number three and number six mills, finding 
their limit at the water-way which tlows from the upper to 
the lower canal. 

Number one and number two mills are northern-most 
and are exact duplicates of each other. They were the 
first mills upon the Amoskeag corporation, were built sepa- 
rately, one hundred and fifty-seven feet long by forty-eight 
wide, and six stories high, in 1841, but in 1859 and 1860 
were united by what is called number six mill, eighty- eight 



280 Manchester. 

feet long by sixty wide. There is a picker-house, fifty-nine 
feet in length and thirty-two feet in width, at each end of 
the buildings, which form now one large mill. It contains 
five hundred looms for weaving tickings and other heavy 
goods, machinery for making yarns foi- seven hundred and 
fifty gingham looms located in another mill, two hundred 
and eighty-eight cards and thirty-three thousand spindles. 
In this mill are employed four hundred operatives, three 
females to one male. The machinery is driven by four tur- 
bine water-wheels from seven to nine feet in diameter, ag- 
gregating eight hundred horse-powers. The mill produces 
daily six thousand pounds of tickings, etc., and three thou- 
sand pounds of fine yarns for ginghams. 

Number three mill, directly to the south of this triple 
combination, was built in 1834 and thoroughly re-built in 
1870. It is five stories in height and four hundred and 
forty feet long, while its width varies from sixty-five to 
seventy-two feet. At its soutli end is a three-story picker- 
house, one hundred and thirty-five feet long by sixty wide. 
The mill contains eight hundred looms, two hundred and 
sixty-four cards, four thousand mule-spindles and twenty- 
five thousand throstle-spindles, weaving chiefly denims and 
cotton flannels, sixty thousand pounds a week. There are 
employed three hundred and fifty males and one hundred 
and fifty females. The machinery is driven by three tur- 
bine wheels from seven to nine feet in diameter, aggregat- 
ing seven hundred and fifty horse-powers. There is also a 
Corliss engine of eight hundred horse-powers in this mill, 
to be used in case of a scarcity of water. 

At the upper end of the mills on the lower level is a low 
building, four hundred and seventy-two feet long and thirty 
wide, used as a bag-mill, which has forty bag-looms, em- 
l)loys twenty-five males and sixty females, and turns out 
nine thousand sixteen-ounce bags a week. To the south 
for five hundred feet along the canal extends another low 
building, thirty feet wide, used as a store-house. 



AM(>SKKA(; MANUFACTlimNd CoMt'ANY. 281 

Behind the latter is number four mill, which was built in 
184G and enlarged in 1872. The original building was 
seven stories high, two hundred and sixty feet in length by 
sixty in width, lii the fall of 1872 an extension was built 
in the rear, one; hundred feet long and sixty leet wide In 
the rear, also, are two jjicker-houses, three stories high, 
fifty-six feet in length by thirty-seven in width. The mill 
contains seven hundred and thirty-two looms, three hun- 
dred and twejity cards and twenty-five thousand spindles, 
and produces about Ufty-live thou^^and ))ounds a week of 
drillings, denims and tickings. It gives employment to 
three hundred and fifty females and one hundred and 
twenty-!ive males, and its machinery is driven by four tur- 
bine wheels, with an aggregate of one thousand horse- 
powers. 

Number five mill is just north of tiie one last mentioned. 
It is two hundred and rifty-eight leet long by sixty wide, 
and has a picker-house, sixty-two feet in length by forty- 
tour in width, in the rear. It contains five hundred and 
seventy-six looms, one hundred and seventy-six cards, fif- 
teen thousand throstle spindles and twelve thousand mule- 
spindles. Here are woven twenty thousand pounds a week 
of sheetings from thirty-six to one hundred inches in width. 
The mill employs eighty males and two hundred and fifty 
females, and its machinery is driven by two turbine wheels, 
which have an aggregate of five hundred horse-powers. 

The building at the north of number five mill, occupied 
as a dye-house and gingham mill, consists of a centre-piece 
and two wings. The south wing is the dye-house, and is 
two hundred and three feet long, sixty-seven feet wide, and 
three stories high. In it are employed seventy-five males 
and seventy-five females. It has a capacity for dyeing sixty 
thousand pounds of yarn a week, and all the colored yarn 
used in the mills is dyed here. The middle part is one 
hundred and twenty feet long, sixty-seven feet wide, three 

18 



282 Manchester. 

stories high, and is occupied by dressing machinery for 
ginghams. The north wing is of the same length and 
breadth as tiic dye-house, but four stories high. It lias 
seven hundred and fifty looms which make one hundred 
thousand yards of gingham a week. The operatives who 
are employed in the centre and the north wing number four 
hundred females and one hundred and twenty males. 

A new mill was built in 1874, just at the nortli of these 
buildings and parallel with them. It is two hundred and 
sixty feet long, sixty-eight feet wide, four stories high, and 
wall contain twelve hundred looms for weaving ginghams. 

The bleachery and napping-housc, for bleaching and nap- 
ping flannels, are in a small building, one hundred and ten 
feet in length and thirty-six in width, in the rear of the 
old gingham-mill and near the river. The}^ employ from 
fifteen to twenty operatives. There is also a drying-house 
of two stories in height, sixty feet long and thirty-six wide. 
A bridge, four hundred feet in length and sixteen in width, 
has been thrown across the Merrimack, just here, to the 
Company's land on the west side, where its coal-sheds are 
located, to which a branch track runs from the North Weare 
railway below Granite street. Near the coal-sheds is a 
store-house for cotton with a capacity of from fifteen thou- 
sand to twenty thousand bales, equal to a year's stock. 

The machinery is all driven by water, but for heating 
and other purposes there are fourteen upright boilers, of 
one hundred and fifty horse-powers each, located in four 
boiler-houses. All the buildings are furnished with fire- 
escapes and hydrants with hose attached into which water 
from the Company's reservoir on the hill may be let at any 
moment. The basements of the mills are provided with 
supply-pumps for furnishing water. 

The total number of operatives in the mills is twenty- 
five hundred, of whom eighteen hundred are females. 
Seventy-five men are engaged in taking care of the yard. 



Amoskeag Manufacturing Company. 283 

The corporcatioiis all employ night-watchmen to patrol their 
grounds. Tlic Aiuoskcag Company has nine mills, con- 
taining one hundred and twenty five thousand spindles and 
thirty-five hundred looms, making six hundred thousand 
yards a week of diirercnt goods, of which three hundred 
and fifty thousand yards are colored. There are fourteen 
water-wheels, seven on each level, which liavo an aggregate 
of thirty-five hundred horse-powers. The mills use two 
hundred and twenty-five thousand pounds of cotton a week. 
They consume annually si.x: thousand tons of coal, a thou- 
sand cords of wood, two hundred and fifty tons of starch, 
twelve thousand gallons of oil, three hundred thousand dol- 
lars' worth of dyestutfs. The colored goods consist of tick- 
ings, denims, fancy shirtings and ginghams ; the white goods, 
of drillings, flannels, sheetings and bags. During the late 
war the mills made enormous quantities of army goods. 
The pay-roll is about eighty thousand dollars a month. 

There are spun in the mills every year one hundred and 
thirty million skeins of yarn, each eight hundred and forty 
yards long, which make a total length of sixty million 
miles, enough to go around tlie world twenty-four hundred 
times. Woven into a belt of cloth twenty inches wide, like 
ordinary ticking, they would just about put a girdle about 
the earth. The daily production of cloth is one hundred 
thousand yards, nearly fifty-seven miles, or two and a quar- 
ter yards each second of working time, one yard for every 
second in the year. 

The machine-shops, though their products have done as 
much of late years as the cotton goods to spread the rep- 
utation of the Amoskeag Company, are rather low, unre- 
markable buildings, a complete contrast to the tall mills, 
and are situated ou the right as one enters the yard, on the 
the lower level and in the rear of the Stark mills. There 
are two machine-shops, distinctively such, though the other 
buildings in their vicinity are connected with their depart- 



284 Manchester. 

• 

ment. One is three hundred and eighty-one feet long and 
thirty-six wide ; the other, three hundred and twenty feet 
long by forty wide : both three stories in height. The for- 
mer was built in 1840, when tlie building of new mills 
called for maciiinery. The second was l)uilt in 1848, to 
accommodate an increasing business. A foundry was built 
in 1842 and a new one in 1848. The present foundry is one 
hundred and fifty-four feet in length by eighty in breadth. 
There is also a building on the edge of the lower canal, 
five hundred and fifty feet long and thirty feet wide, used 
for miscellaneous purposes ; and a row of sheds, two hun- 
dred feet in length and thirty in width. 

At the southern end of the "lower shop" the first part of 
the lower story is the "setting-up" room, where the steam- 
ers are put together. Beyond is a room where castings are 
cleaned and which contains the heavy tools and lathes, 
among the latter being one which swings twenty-four feet 
and is said to be the largest lathe in New England. In the 
second story looms are made, and in the third machinery 
is put together. Beyond this building is one which was 
used during the late war as a gun-barrel rolling-mill, but 
which is now a paint-shop and drying-house. Next is the 
" pickling-room," where the castings are dipped in acid to 
clean them from the sand which adheres to them when 
they come from the foundry. In the latter, which is the 
next building and forms the northern end of this row, are 
made such castings as the company does not buy. 

The lower floor of the " upper shop" is used as a place in 
which to make frames and cylinders for steam fire engines, 
and one end is occupied as a repair-shop. The next story 
is used as a belt-shop, wood-shop and tin-shop, and in it are 
made gears and rolls. In the third story is a wood-room, 
and screws, cotton-machinery and steamer-work are also 
made in it. In the attic tools are ground and polished and 
cotton-machinery put together. Beyond is the blacksmith- 



Amoskeag Manufacturing Company. 285 

shop, where the deafening trip-hammers are at work, and, 
still farther beyond, a stone building in which the process 
of softening iron is carried on. 

At the southern end of the eastern row of buildings are 
several store-rooms, which were used as coiuiting-rooms for 
the Machine-Shop and the Land and Water-Power Com- 
pany, when those departments had individual existence. 
Next is a spindle-room, and then successively, a boiler-shop, 
a store-house, and a pattern-house in which arc locked up 
the patterns for machinery and which completes the row. 

The shops were originally built to make machinery for 
the mills, but gradually the business was enlarged, and there 
were made, besides, locomotive and stationary engines, boil- 
ers, heavy tools, turbine wheels, etc. The first locomotive 
was built for the Northern railw^ay in 1849, and sixty were 
turned out yearly, some hundreds having been made before 
their manufacture was given up. During the late war the 
shops made forty thousand stands of arms for the United 
States government, and some turret-work for the "monitors" 
was manufactured here. 

The shops still make what new machinery the Amoskeag 
Company needs and repair the old, but their main business 
is the manufacture of steam fire engines, which was begun 
in 1859. There are annually turned out fifty steamers be- 
sides hose-carriages. Five hundred have already been built 
and the quality is improved each year. The catalogue in- 
cludes first-class and second-class engines, engines with 
double and single pumps, and " self-propellers," so called, 
whose steam takes the place of horses as a motive power. 
The hose-carriages are made to be drawn by horses or men, 
are made single or double, with two wheels or with four. 
Of the steamers, the United States government has bought 
thirty-three ; New York city, forty-five ; Boston, twenty ; 
Brooklyn, nineteen ; New Orleans, eighteen ; Pittsburgh, 
fourteen ; San Francisco, thirteen ; Philadelphia, twelve ; 



286 Manchester. 

Detroit, nine ; Albany, eight ; Cambridge, five ; Manches- 
ter, four. They are scattered all over the United States 
from Maine to Oregon, and are found generally at the na- 
tional soldiers' asylums, navy-yards and arsenals. There 
are ninety-nine owned in New York State, ninety-one in 
Massachusetts, sixty-three in Pennsylvania, twenty-seven 
in New Jersey, twenty-two in California, nineteen in Maine, 
eighteen in Louisiana, eighteen in Illinois, seventeen in New 
Hampshire and twelve in Connecticut, these ten States own- 
ing nearly four-fifths of all which have been made. But 
they represent Manchester's industry i'ar beyond the limits 
of this country, twenty-two having been sent to foreign 
lands. There are a large number in the Canadas, New 
Brunswick and Nova Scotia ; there are two in London, Eng- 
land, named in honor of Queen Victoria and the Princess 
Alexandra ; and one in Amoor (Russia). Shanghai (China), 
Sydney (New South Wales), Lima (Peru), and Copiapo 
(Chili). 

The machine-shops employ four hundred and fifty men 
and have a monthly pay-roll of twenty thousand dollars. 
They consume annually five hundred tons of coal, four 
hundred cords of v/ood, six hundred gallons of oil, one 
hundred and fifty thousand feet of lumber, twelve hundred 
tons of cast iron, wrought iron and steel, fifty thousand 
pounds of wrought brass and brass castings. 

The Company occupies a carpenter-shop in Mechanics' 
Row, which gives employment to a dozen men wdio make 
large beams and columns for the mills and put in mill- 
wheels. In a neat brick building, at the upper end of 
the Row, are located the pumps which raise the water of 
the Merrimack to the Company's reservoir in the square 
bounded by Blodget, Harrison, Oak and Russell streets, 
and from which it flows to the corporation to be used in the 
tenements and to be available in case of fire. The pumps 
are double and of the kind termed " bucket and plunger," 



The Stark Mills. 287 

with a tliirty-threc inch stroke up and down, make thirty 
strokes a minute and are driven l)y a wheel of sixty horse- 
powers. They deliver forty-five thousand gallons of water 
an hour, or over one million gallons in twenty-four hours, 
into the reservoir. The latter is four hundred feet long, 
one hundred and fifty wide and eighteen deep, has a capac- 
ity of eleven million gallons and is one hundred and ten 
feet above tlie level of Elm street at the city hall. The 
square in which it is located contains about six acres and 
a half. The Amoskeag Company supplies the other corpo- 
rations with water from it at the price of one-tenth of one 
per cent, upon their capital stock. A ledge upon the "Com- 
pany's hill," so called, in the eastern part of the city, be- 
longs to the Amoskeag corporation and supplies all the stone 
used in the mills, employing fifty quarrymen and a large 
number of laborers. 

The Amoskeag Company thus has a total force of nearly 
four thousand employees and a total pay-roll averaging 
nearly one hundred and fifty thousand dollars a month, and 
consumes yearly over eight thousand tons of coal, twenty- 
five thousand bales of cotton, fourteen hundred cords of 
wood and sixteen million two hundred and fifty thousand cu- 
bic feet of gas. The Company pays taxes in Manchester, 
Bedford, Merrimack, Hooksett, Pembroke, Bow, Concord, 
Goshen and Washington, this state, and in Newark, Vt. 
Its tax for 1874 was about sixty-three thousand dollars. 

In addition, the Company owns and operates what was 
formerly known as the Namaske Mills, having bought the 
property in February, 1875. 

THE STARK MILLS. 

This corporation was chartered in 1838, and began opera- 
tions the next year. Its first officers were chosen Septem- 
ber 26, 1888, Nathan Appleton being the first president, con- 



28S Manchester. 

tinning such till June 20, 1871, und being then succeeded 
by Israel Whitney, who remained till October 2, 1872. 
Charles xVmory then took his place, and he was succeeded, 
October 9, 1873, by T. JelTerson Coolidge. 

Nathan Appleton, George W. Lyman, Willard Sayles, 
Francis C. Lowell, William Appleton, William Amory and 
Samuel Ilcnshaw were chosen in 18o8 as the first directors. 
William Amory was succeeded the next year by David Sears, 
but was re-elected in 1841 in place of Mr. Lowell. The 
latter was elected the next year to succeed Mr. Henshaw 
and was himself suceeded in 1846 by Joseph Tilden. In 
1848 Franklin H. Story was elected to fill the vacancy caus- 
ed by the resignation of Mr. Sayles, and in 1854 Mr. Til- 
den was succeeded by Samuel Frothingham. In 1857 Mr. 
Sears resigned, but it was not till the next year that his 
place was filled, William Amory and Samuel Frothingham 
then resigning and the three vacancies being filled by the 
election of Israel Whitney, J. Ingersoll Bowditch and John 
C. Lee. In 1861 Nathan Ajjplcton, and in 1862 William 
Appleton, resigned, and thereafter there were but i\\e 
directors. In 1871 Messrs. Lyman and Story were suc- 
ceeded by Gardner Brewer and Charles Amory. In 1872 
T. Jefferson Coolidge was elected to fill the vacancy caused 
by the resignation of Mr. Whitney. In 1873 J. Lewis Stack- 
pole was chosen to succeed Mr. Lee. Upon Mr. Brewer's 
death in 1874 Lewis Downing was elected to fill the vacancy. 

The first treasurer was William Amory, who was elected 
October 24, 1839, and was succeeded, January 1, 1848, by 
Charles Amory, but was re-elected June 29, 1852, and is 
the present treasurer. George W. Kimball was clerk of 
the proprietors from September 26, 1838, to June 29, 1840, 
being then succeeded by John A. Burnham, who had been 
agent since September 26, 1838. He was succeeded as 
clerk and agent, November 6, 1847, by Phinehas Adams. 
George W. Tilden was i)ayma8ter from February, 1839, to 



The Stark Mills. 289 

August, 1852, wlicu he was succeeded by William B. Web- 
ster, who remained till 1864, when the present paymaster, 
Daniel C. Gould, jr., was appointed. The first selling 
agents were J. W. Paige & Company, who were followed in 
1864 by Gardner Brewer & Company. The original capital 
was live hundred thousand dollars, which was increased in 
January, 1845, to seven hundred and fifty thousand ; in 
June, 1846, to one million ; in June, 1847, to the present 
sum, one million two hundred and fifty thousand dollars. 
The par value of the shares is one thousand dollars each. 
They were worth six or seven hundred dollars apiece when 
Mr. Adams was chosen agent, rose to fourteen or fifteen 
hundred dollars during the war and are now quoted at 
eleven hundred. 

The Stark Mills own fourteen acres of land, one third of 
which is occupied by the mill-yard, situated just above the 
Araoskeag yard and lying wholly on the upper canal with a 
front of ten hundred and twenty-two feet from Stark to 
Bridge streets. The rest of the land is in four pieces and 
part of it is occupied by overseers' and boarding-house 
blocks and the agent's house. One piece is bounded by 
Mechanic street on the north, Elm back street on the east. 
Stark street on the south and Canal street on the west. 
The square just above, included between Elm back street, 
Water, Canal and Spring streets, is owned by the Amos- 
keag Company, excepting a section bounded on the east by 
Elm back street and running westerly one hundred and 
fifty feet on Spring and Water streets, which belongs to the 
Stark Mills. The latter own also a piece bounded on the 
north by Bridge street, on the east by Elm back street pro- 
duced, on the south by Spring street and on the west by 
Canal street, except the lot on which the North grammar- 
school house stands. Six acres of this, whose northern, 
southern and eastern boundaries are Bridge and Charles 
streets and Elm back street produced, are unoccupied. 



290 Manchester. 

The mills own still another lot, one hundred and twenty- 
five feet long and one hundred feet wide, on the corner of 
Vine and Concord streets, which is occupied by tenement- 
houses. The first house which was used as the agent's 
was built for Mr. Burnham, the first agent, on the north- 
east corner of Pine and Hanover streets, and was occupied 
by him and his successor, Mr. Adams. This was exchanged 
with the Amoskeag Company for the house on Water street 
which they had built as a residence for the agent of the 
machine-shop. Mr. Adams occupied this till he moved to 
a house of his own, and it is now rented. 

Number one and number two mills, the first cotton-mills 
in operation on this side of the Merrimack river in this 
city, were built, one in 1838 and the other in 1839, and are 
exact counterparts of each other. They are situated on 
the western side of the yard at its lower end and their 
wheels are driven by water from the upper canal. They 
are both one hundred and fifty feet long by fifty wide, with 
a picker-house at the north, one hundred and twelve feet in 
length and one at the south, thirty feet in length. They 
are united by an addition erected in 1844, eighty feet long 
and fifty eight wide, thus becoming one building, five 
hundred and twenty feet long including the picker-houses, 
and six stories high. It has twenty-two thousand spin- 
dles and six hundred and sixty looms, which are driven 
by one large and four smaller turbine wheels, with an ag- 
gregate of eleven hundred horse-powers. There are em- 
ployed in it fou;' hundred females and a hundred males, 
and its daily production is twenty-six thousand five hundred 
yards of cotton goods. 

Number three mill, built in 1846, stands upon the west- 
ern side of the yard at its upper end. It is, including a 
picker-house at each end, three hundred and eighty feet 
long, sixty feet wide and seven stories high. Its machinery, 
driven by one large and three smaller turbine wheels, which 



The Stark Mills. 291 

have a total of nine hundred horse-powers and are fed by 
water from the upper canal, includes twenty-two thousand 
spindles and six hundred and sixty looms. It emjjloys one 
hundred males and four hundred females, and makes daily 
twenty-six thousand five hundred yards of sheetings, shirt- 
ings and drillings, thus being, in respect to machinery, op- 
eratives and product, similar to the combination of the first 
two mills. 

A building where linen goods are bleached is situated in 
the northwest corner of the yard. It is seventy-five feet 
long, forty feet wide, three stories high, and it has a capac- 
ity for bleaching seven tliousand yards a day. Back of the 
northern picker-house of the lower mill is a building, forty- 
five feet in length, thirty-five in width and three stories in 
height, the lower story of which is used for drying yarns 
and the two upper for card-rooms. Just at the north of 
this is a building, sixty-eight feet long, twenty feet wide and 
two stories high, one-half of which, up and down, is used 
for bleaching yarns, and the other half for sizing. 

The continuous line of buildings, three stories in height, 
which fronts on Canal street, is begun at the southern end 
by the linen-mill, one hundred and seventy feet long and 
thirty feet wide. It has fifteen Innidred spindles and one 
hundred looms, driven by power from number one mill, 
employs fifty operatives, nearly all females, and makes six 
thousand yards of crash and towelings a day. The next 
division is seventy-eight feet long, and is occupied, in the 
lower story as a shearing-room, in the second as a belt- 
room, and in the third as a card-room. Next comes the 
counting-room, thirty feet long and ten feet wider than the 
rest of the line, with a store-house over it. The cloth- 
room is next in order and occupies all three stories for one 
hundred and eight feet. The repair-shoj)S extend north- 
ward from this point one humhed and ninety feet and are 
divided into a waste-house, store-room for iron, ))aint-shop, 



292 |i1a.nchester, 

blacksmith-shop, wood-shop, and repair-shop for iron and 
steel work. The rest of the building, four hundred and 
forty-six feet in length, is occupied by five store-houses for 
cotton and linen. There are two boiler-houses, which sup- 
ply heat for the mills and for some mechanical processes. 

The mills have forty-four thousand cotton-spindles and 
thirteen hundred and twenty cotton-looms, fifteen hundred 
linen-spindles and one hundred linen-looms. They employ 
nine hundred and fifty females and two hundred and fifty 
males, with a pay-roll of forty tliousand dollars a month. 
The corporation leases of the Amoskeag Company twenty 
mill-powers. The mills are provided with the necessary ap- 
paratus for extinguishing fires and the hydrants are sup- 
plied with water from the Amoskeag Company's reservoir. 
Tlic mills consume no coal, but use yearly thirty-six hundred 
cords of wood, sixty tons of starch, six thousand gallons 
of oil, three hundred tons of flax, fifteen thousand bales 
of cotton and one million seven hundred and fifty thousand 
cubic feet of gas. 

The mills make crash and towelnigs in linen goods, 
sheetings, drillings, cotton duck and bags in cotton goods. 
At first only sheetings and drillings were made, but, after 
the fire of I80O which destroyed the ujjper story of number 
two mill, this was fitted with looms for the manufacture of 
bags, invented and patented by Cyrus W. Baldwin. There 
were at first ten looms which made four hundred bags a 
day. When the late war produced a scarcity of cotton, it 
was resolved to make bags from linen instead, and Mr. 
Adams was sent to Europe in 1863 by the corporation to 
get an idea of the linen-machinery used abroad. He had 
machinery built in England at a cost of forty thousand dol- 
lars and brought it across the ocean, and the making of 
linen bags was then begun. After the war, when cotton 
was cheaper, it took the place of linen in the bags, and the 
linen-looms have since been used for the manufacture of 



The Manchester Mills. 293 

crash and towclings. The bags are known as tlie " seam- 
less bags," being woven in one piece, and have acquired an 
excellent reputation. They are made of all sizes, from a 
capacity of three pints to that of four bushels, and are 
used for holding specie, ore, grain and bread, and for sugar- 
straining. The mills make goods which measure from one 
yard to four yards and a half per pound. Their yarns are 
coarser and their goods heavier to the yard than any others 
made in the city, and they use more cotton in proportion 
than any otiier mills here. Their sheetings are from thirty- 
six to sixty-one inches wide, drillings from thirty to fifty-one 
inches, cotton duck from twenty-eight to fifty-six inches. 
They make from twenty-four hundred to ten thousand bags 
a day ; eighteen million yards of all kinds of goods a year 
or sixty thousand yards a day, fifty-four thousand of cotton 
goods and six thousand of linen goods. 

THE MANCHESTER MILLS. 

The Amoskeag Company had early begun in their mill at 
Hooksett, which had some six or eight thousand spindles, 
the manufacture of delaines, a business then unknown in 
this country. The fabric was made without trouble, but 
the manufacturers had neither sufficient knowledge nor 
machinery to compete successfully with others in printing 
the cloth after it was made, and it was sold from the loom 
to a firm in Taunton, Mass., who printed it on their 
own account. But it was determined to go into the busi- 
ness on a larger scale, and in 1839 the Manchester Mills, 
composed for the most part of stockholders in the corpora- 
tions already in existence, was incorporated with a capital 
of a million dollars. Mr. Straw was sent to Europe in 1844 
to acquire a knowledge of the structures and machinery 
used there for printing delaines, and brought back from the 
manufactories into which he gained access on one pretext 



294 Manchester. 

and another a knowledge which was made use of in the 
erection of the works of this company, whose first mill was 
built in 1845 and wliich got under way the next year. 

In 1847 this corporation sold its property to one which 
had been chartered the previous year, with a capital of fif- 
teen hundred thousand dollars, under tlie name of the 
Merrimack Mills. In July, 1849, its name was changed 
to that of the Manchester Print-Works, and in 1852 its 
capital was increased to eighteen hundred thousand dol- 
lars. Its average dividends during its existence were nine 
per cent, and during the late war it paid five semi-annual 
dividends in succession of ten per cent, each, but its ])ros- 
perity subsequently declined. In 1873 it was autliorized 
by the legislature to reduce its capital to five hundred and 
forty thousand dollars, and its property was sold at auction, 
March 26, 1874, the old stockholders having the privilege of 
subscribing for stock in a new corporation in proj^rtiou to 
the amount they held in the old. The property was bought 
by a corporation, chartered in 187-> under the name of the 
Manchester Print-Works and Mills, with a capital of two 
million dollars. Its name was changed in 1874 to that of 
the Manchester Mills. 

David Sears was president of the first corporation till 
July, 184(5, and was then succeeded by Oliver Dean, who 
continued in office till October, 1871, when William Mixter 
was chosen in his stead and remained president of the 
Manchester Print-Works corporation which has not quite 
gone out of existence. 

The first directors of the Merrimack Mills weie Jabez C. 
Howe, Oliver Dean, Nathan Appleton, George Howe and 
William Amory. In 1848 David Sears succeeded Oliver 
Dean. The next year the corporation assumed the name 
of the Manchester Print-Works. In 1855 Samuel R. 
Payson was added. In 1857 in place of David Sears and 
Jabez C. Howe, Sidney Homer and James Ellison were 



The Manchester Mills. 295 

elected. In 1858 Sidney Homer was succeeded by David 
Scars, jr. In 1802 Samuel W. Swett was elected in place 
of Nathan Appleton. In 1807 Charles AV. Frecland was 
chosen to succeed James Ellison. In l^^OO Samuel W. 
Swett and George Howe gave place to T. Jefferson Cool- 
idge and Samuel Johnson. In 1871 Nathan Parker and 
David 13. Jevvctt were elected in place of William Amory 
and David Scars, jr. In 1878 C. W. Frecland, S. R. Fay- 
son, Samuel Johnson and D. B. Jewett were succeeded by 
Walter Hastings, A. E. Hildreth, Caleb W. Loring and 
Samuel Fay, and in 1874 Samuel R. Payson, Caleb W. 
Loring, T. Jeffisrson Coolidge, Nathan Parker, Joseph C. 
Hovey and Gill)ert R. Payson were chosen directors. 

The first treasurer was Isaac Livermorc, who remained 
till 1852, when he was succeeded by Charles Amory, who 
remained till 1871, when William H. Thompson took his 
place. Upon the latter's retirement i:i 1873, Charles H. 
Dalton was elected and is the present treasurer of the 
Manchester Print- Works. George B. Upton was clerk of 
the proprietors till 1840, when he was succeeded by F. A. 
Hussey, who remained such till 1849, when Oliver Macy 
took his place. The latter was succeeded in 1859 by Jo- 
siah S. Shannon, the present clerk of the Manchester Print- 
Work s. 

The manufacturing and the printing departments have 
sometimes been under the direct management of one man, 
sometimes under the management of separate agents 
responsible only to the directors, and sometimes there has 
been a manager of the printing department subordinate to 
the agent of the whole. The first agent of the manufac- 
turing department was George B. Upton, who remained till 
November, 1845, and was succeeded by William P. Newell, 
who left March 1, 1853, when his place was taken by Wa- 
terman Smith. The latter continued agent till June, 1871, 
and was then succeeded by A, M. Wade, who remained 



296 Manchester. 

only till December. Then H M. Thompson took his place, 
remaining till February, 1874, when Joseph Stone succeed- 
ed him. Tlie first superintendent of the printing de|)art- 
ment was James Peacock, who remained till 1848, when 
William P. Newell, the agent of the mills, assumed tlic 
whole control, and kej)t it till his withdrawal from the 
agency. In December, 18o2, John P. Lord took charge of 
the printery and remained its manager a year, when Charles 
H. Dalton succeeded him. The latter hekl the control till 
1864, though Samuel Webtier became manager under him 
in 1858 and remained till Mr. Dalton's departure, when 
John M. Ordway was made superintendent. He continued 
till 1866, when the whole establishment passed into the 
management of Waterman Smith, agent of the mills. 
Archibald M. Graiiam came in May, i860, and was man- 
ager under Mr. Ordway and Mr. Smith till about 1869, 
James Dean was appointed superintendent and took the 
entire control of the printery in 1870, and since then there 
has been no change. The lirst paymaster at tlie mills was 
F. A. Hussey, who was succeeded in 1848 by Oliver Macy. 
He remained till 1854, when Josiah S. Shannon took his 
place and has continued to occupy it. John P. Lord was 
l)aymaster at the print-works till 1851, when Andrew N. 
Baker succeeded him and has remained paj'master since. 

The Manchester Print-Works and Mills, which had 
been chartered in 1873 and had bought the property of the 
Manchester Print-Works in 1874, was organized May 
13, 1874, by the choice of Lyman Nichols as president; 
Lyman Nichols, Samuel Fay, William H. Hill, Moody Cur- 
rier, Benjamin P. Cheney, Samuel R. Payson and William 
0. Grover as directors; Asa Fowler as clerk. These were 
re-elected at the annual meeting in October. At the June 
session of 1874 the legislature allowed the corporation to 
assume the name of the Manchester Mills. It has a capi- 
tal of two million dollars in shares of one hundred dollars 



Thfo Manchester Mills. 297 

eacli. The treasurer for a few months was Charles PI. Dal- 
ton, who was succeeded by John C. Palfrey. The agent of 
the manutacturing de|)artnient is Jose[)h Stone; the super- 
intendent of the planting department, James Dean. The 
selling agents arc White, Payson Sr Company, Boston and 
New York. The paymaster at the mills is Josiah S. Shan- 
non ; at the print-works, Andrew N. Baker. 

The Manchester Mills own about forty-three acres of 
land in all. An acre and three-quarters, which takes up the 
space (except a lot on the south side of Merrimack street 
which belongs to the Amoskeag Company) bounded on the 
north by Merrimack street, on the east by Franklin street, 
on the south by Pleasant street and on the west by Canal 
street, is occui)ied by boarding-house and overseers' blocks. 
A house, also, which was built for the agent of the mills, 
stands on the corner of Pleasant and Franklin streets. It 
has been occupied by Messrs. Newell, Smith and Thomp- 
son, and now is tenanted by Mr. Dean, the superintendent 
of the print works. 

Five acres, bounded on the north by the waste-way 
through which the water flows from the upper into the 
lower canal, on the east by Bedford street, on the south by 
Granite street and on the west by State street, are occu- 
pied by overseers' and boarding-house blocks. There are 
foui' acres in Piscataquog village which are occupied in the 
same way, including two lots on Granite street on which 
dvvelling-houses stand, one of which has been used as a 
residence for tlie superintendent of the print-works. Mr. 
Peacock, the first superintendent, lived in the house now 
occupied by William Whittle, on the corner of Granite and 
Main streets. There are eight acres of unoccupied land in 
Piscataquog which l)eIong to the Manchester Mills. The 
mill-yard contains a little over thirteen acres, included be- 
tween the Amoskeag Company's yard and Granite street 
and extending eleven hundred feet on the lower canal and 



298 Manchester. 

thirteen hundred and ten feet on the river. There are ten 
acres on the south of Granite street, c.Ktending eight hun- 
dred and thirty feet on the canal and seven hundred and 
eighty-five on the river, to the yard of the Namaske Mills. 

The Manchester Mills lease forty mill-powers of the Am- 
oskeag Company. They have hydrants and fire-escapes 
connected with the buildings, and also a steam fire-engine 
with an organized company. They use tlie water of the 
canal for general purposes, and their tenements are sup- 
plied from the city's reservoir. The corpoi'ation is divided 
into two distinct and yet connected departments, for manu- 
facturing and for printing. The former occupies all of the 
mill-yard but three and two-fifths acres. 

Number one mill is situated at the upj)cr end of tlie yard 
and was built in 1845. It is four hundred and thirty -seven 
feet long, sixty feet wide and six stories high. The south- 
ern half was burned in 1855 and re-built. At its u})per 
end is a wheel-house, thirty-five feet long and thirty wide ; 
in its rear a boiler-house, containing six boilers with an 
aggregate of four hundred horse-powers ; and back of the 
lower end is a three-story picker-house, fifty-two feet wide 
and sixty feet long. The mill contains forty-five thousand 
spindles and eleven hundred looms, which are driven by two 
turbine wheels, each with a diameter of eight feet and of 
five hundred horse-powers. There are cniplo3cd in the 
mill one hundred and twenty-five males and two hundred 
and seventy-five females, and its weekly production is two 
hundred thousand yards of print-cloths. 

Just south of this is number two mill, built in 1850, 
three hundred and twenty-four feet long, sixty feet wide 
and six and a half stories high. In the rear, at its northern 
end, is a picker-house, forty-eight feet in length by twenty- 
seven in width, four stories high. There is, also, behind 
the mill, a boiler-house, fifty feet long and forty-six feet 
wide, whose upper story is used for wool-drying and which 



Till'; Manchester Mills. 299 

contains six Itoilers of four Imudrcd liorsc-powcrs. The 
mill has a thousand looms, ten thousand worsted-spindles 
and twenty thousand cotton-spindles, driven hy a turl)ine 
wheel with a diameter of eight feet and of five hundred 
horse-powers. The mill employs one hundred and sixty- 
five males and seven hundred females and makes two hun- 
dred thousand yards of worsted goods a week. 

Number three mill is situated in the northwest corner 
of the yard uj)on the river-bank. It is five hundred and 
eighty-seven feet long, forty-two feet wide for one half of 
the way and thirty-six feet wide for the other half. It is 
three stories high and is used for storage. At the lower 
end, between this mill and number one mill, is a waste- 
house and wool-picker, one hundred and twelve feet long, 
fifty feet wide and one story high for the most part. 

Number four mill is a part of the canal building now 
devoted to other purposes, and number five mill is the west 
wing of the printery, not to be used in future for manufac- 
turing. Number six mill is situated on the i-iver a little 
below number three mill. It is one hundred and fifty-three 
feet long, sixty feet wide on an average, and five stories 
high. The lower story is used by the printing department 
as a place in which to cleanse worsted goods. It contains 
six hundred of the looms mentioned as in number two mill, 
they being operated in connection with each other. There 
is a boiler-house east of it, eighty feet in length and thirty 
in width, three stories high the greater part of the way, 
wiiich contains a Corliss nest boiler of three hundred and 
twenty-five horse-powers. 

Between the boiler-house and the picker-house of num- 
ber two mill are a store-room for oils and paints, thirty feet 
long, fifteen feet wide and one story high, and a store-room 
and room for washing wools, one hundred and thirty feet 
long, forty-six feet wide and one story high. Between 
number three and number six mills is an irrejiular one- 



300 Manchester. 

story building, of an average length of one hundred and 
forty feet and an average width of forty-three, used as a 
dye-house for cottons and wools. In front of this is a one- 
story building, two hundred and twenty-seven feet long 
and seventy-two feet wide, used as a dye-house, where the 
"fancy-colored" goods are dyed. On the south side of 
Granite street and east of the canal is a store-house, one 
hundred and sixty feet long and one hundred and ninety- 
two feet wide, which for a width of one hundred and ten feet 
is occupied by the manufacturing department for storage. 
The canal building is eleven hundred and twenty-seven feet 
long and thirty wide, being occupied for eight hundred and 
fifty-five feet of its length by the offices, store-rooms, cloth- 
rooms, harness-rooms and repair-shops of the manufactur- 
ing department. 

There are four mills in operation, which have ten thou- 
sand worsted-spindles and sixty-five thousand cotton-spin- 
dles and twenty-one hundred looms, driven by three water- 
wheels witli an aggregate of fifteen hundred horse-powers. 
They give employment to four hundred and seventy-five 
males and ten hundred and twenty-five females, make four 
hundred thousand yards a week, or seventy thousand yards 
a day, of print-cloths and worsted dress-goods, and have a 
pay-roll of forty-five thousand dollars. There are con- 
sumed annually in the mills three million pounds of cot- 
ton, two million pounds of wool, three thousand tons of 
Goal, forty tons of starch, ten thousand gallons of oil and 
seven million cubic feet of gas. 

The printing department occupies three and two-fifths 
acres of the mill-yard and some of its buildings stand on 
the land south of Granite street. The first printery was 
built in 1845, but was burned in 1853, when another took 
its place. The present printery is composed of a centre 
and east and west wings. The centre is one hundred and 
fifty-nine feet long by sixty-five feet wide, three stories in 



The Manchester Mills. 301 

height, fire-proof, with iron beams and masonry floors. 
The first floor is a large printing-room in which the fifteen 
printing-machines are located. The second floor is used 
for finishing and packing prints and the third floor for 
steaming. The east wing is two hundred and twenty-eight 
feet in length by fifty-three in width and four stories in 
height. In a part of the first story is located a turbine 
wheel and the remaining space is used for storage. In the 
second story is the engraving-room and rooms for pressing 
and packing worsted goods. The third and fourth stories 
are used for " aging " prints or keeping them till the 
colors become " fast." The west wing is two hundred and 
eiffhty feet in length, one hundred and six feet wide at the 
northern end, sixty-six feet wide at the southern end, and 
three stories high. In the first story prints are washed and 
dried ; the second is a cloth-room ; and the third is used 
for aging prints. 

The color-shop, in which are made the colors for print- 
ing, is a one-story building next to Granite street, one hun- 
dred and thirty-five feet in length, forty-two feet wide at 
the east end and sixty-four feet wide at the west end. The 
madder dye-house, where print-cloths are dyed, is on the 
river-bank just north of the west wing of the printery. It 
is a one-story building, one hundred and thirty-nine feet 
long, eighty-eight feet wide for about one-half of the way 
and sixty feet wide for the rest. The bleachery, for bleach- 
ing print-cloths, is one hundred feet long, eighty-nine feet 
wide and one story high. The fancy dyeing-house, where 
worsted goods are dyed, is ninety-two feet long, fifty-four 
feet wide and one story high. The boiler-house is an iron- 
roofed, one-story building, one hundred and twenty feet in 
length by fifty-four feet in width. It contains twenty-two 
tubular boilers and three upright Corliss boilers. Two 
hundred and seventy-five feet in length of the canal build- 
ing at its lower end are occupied by offices, repair-shops and 



302 Manchester. 

store-rooms for the print-works. On the soutli side of 
Granite street are the laboratory buildings in which are 
made the chemicals for use in the various departments of 
the works. The print-works occupy eighty-two feet in 
width of the store-house on the south side of Granite street 
and east of tlie canal. 

The i)rinting department employs six hundred operatives 
and has a monthly pay-roll of twenty-five thousand dollars. 
It prints seven hundred and twenty thousand yards of 
print-cloth a week and dyes two hundred thousand yards of 
worsted goods. About one-third of the cloth is made in 
the mills ; the rest is bought outside. It consumes an- 
nually ten thousand tons of coal, twelve hundred cords 
of wood and three million cubic feet of gas, and uses ten 
thousand dollars' worth of drugs a week. 

THE LANGDON MILLS. 

A company by the name of the Langdon Mills was in- 
corporated in 1846 and again in 1853, but the last charter 
was granted June 27, 1857, in which Daniel Clark, John S. 
Kidder, Jacob G. Cilley and Adam Chandler were named 
as grantees, and the capital stock was fixed at two hundred 
thousand dollars. It was not, however, till 1860 that the 
corporation was organized, and the first meeting was held in 
April of that year, when Charles L. Richardson was chosen 
proprietors' clerk. At the next meeting Gardner Brewer 
was chosen president ; Gardner Brewer, William Amory, 
John R. Brewer, Henry B. Rogers and John A. Burnham, 
directors ; William Amory, jr., treasurer ; William L. Kil- 
ley, clerk. Mr. Killey was appointed agent, and his son, 
William E. Killey, paymaster. The latter was succeeded 
in April, 1866, by another son, Walter S. Killey, the pres- 
ent paymaster. The selling agents are Gardner Brewer <fe 
Company of Boston. There was no change in the officers 



The Langdon Mills. 303 

till the death of Mr. Brewer in 1874, when E. A. Straw 
succeeded him as director, and William Amory, who had 
been president during Mr. Brewer's absence in Europe, was 
elected to that position. The capital was increased in 
1861 to two hundred and twenty-five thousand dollars, and 
in 1868 to five hundred thousand. The shares have a par 
value of a thousand dollars each and are rarely sold, the 
last that were disposed of bringing fourteen hundred and 
fifty-two dollars. 

The corporation's land includes a lot six hundred and 
fifty feet long and two hundred and twenty feet wide, bound- 
ed by Elm, Langdon, Canal and Brook streets, upon which 
stand the agent's house, on the corner of Elm and Lang- 
don streets, one overseers' block and two boarding-house 
blocks. The Langdon buildings form the northern limit of 
the cotton-mills on the upper canal. The mill-yard has a 
length of six hundred and eighty-three feet upon the canal 
and is two hundred feet deep. The building farthest 
north is used as a store-house, is one story in height, two 
hundred and ninety feet in length and thirty feet in width. 
The counting-room building, on the left to one entering the 
yard, is fifty-six feet long, thirty wide, two stories high and 
is occupied by offices. Adjoining it on the south is the 
cloth-room building, one hundred and thirty-six feet long, 
thirty feet wide, and a story and a half high. Number one 
mill is two hundred and twenty feet long, fifty feet wide 
and five stories high, with a picker-house, sixty-four feet in 
length by thirty in width and three stories high, at its 
south end. This mill was built and owned by the Blodget 
Paper Company, which was chartered in 1853 for the man- 
ufacture of wall-paper. The mill and part of the present 
store-house were standing, when, upon the suspension of 
the paper company, the property was sold at auction and 
passed into the possession, successively, of Gardner Brewer 
& Company, the Amoskeag Manufacturing Company and the 



304 Manchester. 

Langdon Mills. In this mill sixty males and one hundred 
and fifty females find employment, and its fifteen thousand 
spindles and three hundred looms, driven by a turbine 
wheel of two hundred horse-powers, make forty-five thou- 
sand yards a week of fine sheetings, shirtings and silesias. 

Number two mill, situated at the south of number one, 
was built in 18(58, two hundred and eighty-four feet long, 
sixty-six feet wide, and four stories high, with a three- 
story picker-house at its northern end, sixty -three feet in 
length by fifty in width, two stories of which are used for 
a store-room and repair-shop. In it are employed seventy 
males and one hundred and eighty females. It contains 
eighteen thousand and forty-eight spindles and four hun- 
dred looms, which are driven by a turbine wheel of three 
hundred horse-powers, and whicli make fifty thousand yards 
a week of the well-known *' Langdon G B." sheetings. 

The mills are heated from a boiler-house in their rear, 
sixty feet long and twenty-live wide, which contains two 
boilers of a hundred horse-powers each, and part of which 
is used for a blacksmith-shop. The buildings are well 
provided with sprinklers, hose, hydrants and fire-escapes. 
The mills contain thirty-three thousand and fifty-six spin- 
dles and seven hundred and four looms, which produce 
daily sixteen thousand yards of sheetings, shirtings and 
silesias. They employ five hundred operatives, with a 
monthly pay-roll of fifteen thousand dollars ; lease eight 
mill-powers of the Amoskeag Company ; and use annually 
three thousand bales of cotton, a thousand cords of wood, 
two thousand gallons of oil, fifty thousand pounds of starch, 
and seven hundred and fifty thousand cubic feet of gas. 

THE NAMASKE MILLS. 

This corporation was organized in 1856 as the Amos- 
keag Duck and Bag Mills, but ten years later its name 



The Namaske Mills. 305 

was changed by act of the legislature to that of Namaske 
Mills. It had a capital of sixty-eight thousand dollars. 
When it was organized, Nathaniel Webster was tlie presi- 
dent and agent ; E. A. Straw, treasurer ; and William B. 
Webster, clerk. In 186-1 Mr. iStraw became both presi- 
dent and treasurer, and William B. Webster both agent 
and clerk. The stock then passed wholly into the hands 
of Mr. Straw. It owned five acres of land and one mill 
built in 18.")() and set in operation the next year, situated at 
the southern extreuiity of the lower canal. The ))roperty, 
with the exception of the woolen machinery, was sold in 
February, 187"), to the Amoskeag Comj)any, 

The mill was built with the intention of making bags 
and duck cloth, but since the war it has produced a differ- 
ent class of goods, making annually one million five hund- 
red thousand yards of ginghams and one-third as many 
yards of shirting flannels. It uses two mill-powers, has 
one hundred and eighty-eiglit looms, six thousand and 
thirty-six cotton-spindles, sixteen hundred woolen-spindles 
and five sets of woolen-cards, makes six thousand yards of 
cloth a day, employs one hundred and sixty operatives and 
has a pay-roll of six thousand dollars a month. It uses 
annually six hundred tons of coal, two hundred thousand 
pounds of wool, three hundred and fifteen thousand pounds 
of cotton, a thousand gallons of oil, twenty-four thousand 
pounds of starch, ten thousand dollars' worth of coloring 
matter and six hundred thousand cubic feet of gas. 

THE DERRY MILLS. 

This corporation was organized in 1865, with a capital 
of one hundred thousand dollars. Waterman Smith was 
chosen president ; Waterman Smith, Samuel R. Payson 
and Gilbert R. Payson, directors ; Josiah S. Shannon, 
treasurer and proprietors' clerk. Mr. Smith was succeeded 



306 Manchester. 

as president in 1870 by S. R. Payson, and in 1871 as 
director by George Mixter. The pay-master is Harrison 
Spooner. The first agent was W. B. Underbill, who was 
succeeded, in 1870, by George Mixter, and he in 1874 by 
the present agent, George F. Lincoln. 

The mills, which have now passed into the hands of 
S. R. Payson, are three in number, and are situated upon 
Cohas brook at Goffe's Falls. There are three dams, with 
a fall of fifteen, thirteen and nine feet respectively, amount- 
ing to one hundred and fifteen horse-powers in all. The 
mills contain about tiiirty-five hundred spindles and a few 
looms, and gave employment in 1873 to one hundred and 
sixty operatives. The average weekly production is fifteen 
thousand yards of cassimere, two hundred dozen stockings 
and four thousand pounds of shoddy, with a daily con- 
sumption of five hundred pounds of wool. 

THE MANCHESTER LOCOMOTIVE WORKS. 

These works were started in 1858 as a private enterprise 
by several individuals under the name of Bayley, Blood 
and Company and were called the Vulcan Works. In 
1851 the company obtained a charter and became a corpor- 
ation, called the Manchester Locomotive Works, which has 
a present capital of one hundred and fifty thousand dollars. 
The manufacture of locomotive engines was begun in the 
fall of 1854, shops of brick having been erected in the 
spring and summer of that year, with a capacity of turning 
out twenty locomotives annually. But the business steadily 
increased and at the present time the works are capable of 
making fourteen locomotives a month, and, when in full 
operation, give employment to seven hundred men and 
have a monthly pay-roll of thirty thousand dollars. 

Tlie shops are situated on Canal street between Hollis 
and Dean streets and occuj^y five acres, besides an iron- 



The Manchester Locomotive Works. 307 

foundry and an acre of land at the lower end of Elm street, 
which were acquired by purchase of the Manchester 
Iron Company in 1865 when that passed out of existence. 
The machine-shop is a substantial building, parallel with 
Canal street, two stories in height, four hundred feet in 
length and eighty-four in width. The wood-shop is also a 
two-story building, one hundred feet long and forty feet 
wide; the blacksmith-shop is three hundred and thirty feet 
long and fifty feet wide ; the boiler-shop, two hundred and 
five feet long and fifty-two feet wide. A new building has 
been erected the past year which is used for making loco- 
motive-tanks. This, like all the others, is made of brick, 
and is two hundred and thirty feet in length by thirty-six 
in width. 

All the iron castings, of which three million five hund- 
red thousand pounds were used in 1873, are made at the 
company's iron-foundry at the foot of Elm street. One 
million eight hundred thousand pounds of boiler-plates are 
used yearly, forty-five hundred tons of coal and a thousand 
cords of Avood ; and there are made two hundred thousand 
pounds of brass castings and two million five hundred 
thousand pounds of forgings, yearly. The company manu- 
factures all the heavy forgings, frames, axles, etc., which it 
uses; and, indeed, every part of a locomotive but the boiler 
and tank iron and a few minor parts is made at the works. 
Two furnaces are constantly in operation, making the best 
of iron from scrap, most of which accumulates at the Avorks. 
The company has turned out seven hundred and eighty-six 
engines, which have been sent to all parts of the United 
States, to South America and the Dominion of Canada. 
John A. Burnham, of Boston, is president of the company ; 
William CI. Means, of Andover, is treasurer. The first 
agent was Oliver W. Bayley, who was succeeded in 18.")7 by 
the present agent, Aretas Blood, who resides in Manches- 
ter and has the personal superintendence and immediate 
management of the business. 



308 Manchester. 

amoskeag axe company. 

The Blodget Edge Tool Manufacturing Company was in- 
corporated in 1853, began the erection of buildings at the 
northern end of the upper canal in 1854 and was regularly 
organized January 7, 1855, by the election of E. A. Straw 
as president ; E. A. Straw, Moody Currier, David J. Clark, 
Cyrus W. Baldwin and Phinehas Adams, directors ; Jacob 
Cr. Cilley, clerk and treasurer. In 1857 the latter was suc- 
ceeded by James A. Weston. In 1858 E. A. Straw, Amos 
G. Gale, T. VV. Little, Joseph A. Haines and Cyrus W. 
Baldwin were chosen directors. In 1859 Moody Currier 
succeeded Mr. Baldwin as a director and T. W. Little 
became clerk and treasurer in Mr. Weston's place. In 
1861 George B. Chandler succeeded Mr. Gale as a director. 

In 1862 a new corporation was chartered, called the 
Amoskeag Axe Company, which bought the property of the 
former company and was organized August 14, 1862. 
Moody Currier was chosen president ; E. A. Straw, Moody 
Currier, Thomas P. Shaddick, T. W. Little, Henry C. 
Reynolds, directors ; T. W. Little, clerk and treasurer. 
These were all re-elected in 1863, but upon the death of 
Mr. Little in that year. Moody Currier was chosen treasurer 
in his stead and Henry C. Reynolds clerk. The latter 
was also made agent, the offices of clerk, treasurer and 
agent having hitherto been combined in one. The only 
changes since have been the election in 1866 of George B. 
Chandler as a director to succeed Mr. Shaddick, and the 
retirement of Mr. Haines. The capital stock is seventy 
thousand dollars, owned by the officers of the company. 
The company employs sixty men and makes yearly one 
hundred and forty-four thousand tools — axes, hatchets and 
picks — of the best imported steel, which bring about a hun- 
dred and forty thousand dollars. 



The Manchester Gas-Light Company. 309 

the manchester gas-light company. 

A corporation by the name of the Manchester Gas- 
Light Com])any was originally chartered in 1846 with a 
capital of three hundred thousand dollars, but the conii)any 
was not formed till after the granting of another charter, 
July 10, 1850, fixing the maximum capital at one hundred 
and twenty-five thousand dollars. The first meeting of the 
grantees was held at the Manchester House, February 10, 
1851, when there were present David A. Bunton, Jonathan 
T. P. Hunt, Ezekiel A. Straw, William G. Means, David 
Gillis, Samuel P. Greeley, Herman Foster, Robert Read 
and John S. Kidder. Robert Read was chairman of the 
meeting, and William G. Means, clerk. The capital stock 
was fixed at sixty tliousand dollars in shares of one hundred 
dollars each. 

At the next meeting, February 22, Robert Read, E. A. 
Straw, David Gillis, William P. Newell and John S. Kid- 
der were chosen directors, and at a directors' meeting 
Robert Read was chosen president, and Herman Foster 
clerk. The next year the capital was increased to seventy- 
five thousand dollars, and in April Herman Foster was 
chosen treasurer, and Jonathan T. P. Hunt agent. In 
1853 all the officers were re-elected and the capital was 
increased to one hundred thousand dollars, remaining un- 
altered till the present. There was no change in the offi- 
cers till 1856, when E. A. Straw was chosen president to 
succeed Robert Read, and the next year in place of the 
latter William Amory was elected director. He, however, 
declined to serve, and the next year William Amory, jr., 
was chosen in his stead. 

In 1861 Benjamin F. Martin was elected a director in 
place of David Gillis, and in 1862 Moody Currier in place 
of John S. Kidder. In 1865 William Amory, jr., was suc- 
ceeded by Nathan Parker. J. T. P. Hunt, the agent, died. 



310 Manchester. 

February 23, 1865, and Charles F. Warren, the present 
agent, was appointed in April of that year. In 1869 
Waterman Smith was elected a director in place of Wil- 
liam P. Newell, and was himself succeeded in 1873 by 
Phinehas Adams. Mr. Foster was clerk and treasurer till 
his death in the spring of 1875. Charles E. Balch was 
elected, February 24, 1875, as treasurer, and Lucien B. 
Clough was chosen clerk pro tern. 

The works are situated in the southern part of the city, 
on the western side of Elm street, near the Manchester 
and Lawrence railway, on a lot of land four hundred feet 
square. The first building was begun in 1852. The com- 
pany has laid twenty-three miles of pipe, from two to four- 
teen inches in diameter, which interlace the compact i)art 
of the city, extending to Piscataquog village, to the north- 
ern end of Elm street, to Bakersville and on the east to 
Wilson liill. The company can furnish now tliree hundred 
and fifty thousand cubic feet of gas in twenty-four hours, 
and will be al)le, when coutemi)lated improvements are 
made, to increase this amount to seven or eight hundred 
thousand cubic feet. It uses annually over six thousand 
tons of coal and makes over fifty million cubic feet of gas, 
of which the mills use about three-fifths and individuals the 
rest, though the city in its corporate capacity consumes, for 
ordinary use and for its two hundred and fifty street-lamps, 
one million six hundred thousand cubic feet, at a cost of one 
cent an hour for every burner. The cost of the gas to in- 
dividuals is two dollars and seventy cents a thousand feet ; 
to those who consume ten thousand feet a month, two dol- 
lars and a half. The corporations obtain it for two dollars 
and twenty cents a thousand feet, by contract. The aver- 
age price is thus about tvv'o dollars and forty-one cents. 



Miscellaneous Manufacturers. 311 

SUMMARY. 

The corporations in the city employ about nine thousand 
persons and have a monthly j)ay-roll of about three hun- 
dred and eleven thousand dollars. They use every year 
twenty-six thousand one hundred tons of coal, eight thou- 
sand cords of Avood and about thirty million feet of gas. 
The mills have about three hundred thousand spindles and 
eight thousand looms, and make one hundred and forty- 
three miles of cloth a day. The Manchester Locomotive 
AVorks can turn out fourteen locomotives a month and the 
Amoskeag Manufacturing Company fifty steam fire-engines 
a year. 

MISCKLLANEOUS MANUFACTURERS, 

There have been given thus far sketches of the incor- 
porated manufacturing companies in Manchester. The 
manufacturing of the city, however, is not entirely included 
in these, but quite a large fraction is contributed to the 
whole sum by individuals and firms in different parts of 
the city, generally situated on either the northern or the 
southern edge of its compact portion. Besides selling 
mill-sites and leasing mill- powers to other corporations, 
the Amoskeag Company erected near the northern limit of 
the lower canal a long Imilding called " Mechanics' Row," 
and leased it in sections to manufacturers of miscellaneous 
goods, furnishing them with water-power. Though very few 
of the original tenants hold their leases, the different kinds 
of business now carried on there are not much unlike those 
which were started twenty-five years ago. Of late the 
southern part of the city, near the railway station, where 
some of the heavier manufacturing was begun about the 
time when Mechanics' Row was settled, has proved more 
attractive to manufacturers on account of the larger space 
it affords and its proximity to the railways. Steam-power 
is used exclusively there. 



312 Manchester. 

The pioneer of Mechanics' Row is Benjamin 8. Stokes, 
who started the Granite File Works there in 1851. He 
employs fourteen men and uses ten tons of steel in making 
three thousand dozen files a year. 

John A. V. Smith succeeded in 1870 to the control of a 
business which was begun when the Row was peopled. He 
employs twelve men and uses four thousand dollars' worth 
of stock in making six thousand fliers a year. 

Yeaton k Company (Elizabeth Yeaton, Albinus Phil- 
brick) have been a long time in business in the Row and 
make fifteen thousand dollars' worth yearly of power-loom 
harness, employing fourteen men. 

John Cleworth began business in the Row in 1852. He 
keeps six hands at work and makes fifteen thousand reeds 
a year, or twelve thousand dollars' worth, using a pound of 
steel to a reed. 

Benjamin H. Chase settled in the Row in 1858, succeed- 
ing to a business already established. He uses from eight 
to ten thousand dollars' worth of stock a year, and makes 
annually fifteen thousand power-loom pickers and fifteen 
thousand running feet of leather belting. 

Hiram Forsaith came to the Row in 1866. He employs 
ten men in making from ten to twelve thousand dollars' 
worth annually of machinery. 

The Manchester Machine-Card Factory, whose proprie- 
tors are Bisco & Denny (D wight Bisco, Joseph A. Denny, 
George Bisco, Charles A. Denny), was started in the Row 
in 1857. They keep twenty-one machines in operation and 
use annually nineteen thousand square feet of leather and 
as many pounds of wire in the manufacture of machine-card 
clothing. 

James Baldwin & Company, who came to the Row in 
1859, employ fifty men and use from three hundred to five 
hundred thousand feet of lumber a year. They turn out 
fifty thousand bobbins a week, besides shuttles and wooden 
wares, or fifty thousand dollars' worth a year. 



Miscellaneous Manufacturers. 313 

William W. Hubbard came to the Row in 1860. He 
employs tliirty men and uses five hundred thousand feet of 
lumber in tlie manufacture of forty thousand dollars' worth 
annually of doors, sashes, blinds, moldings, etc. 

Piper tt Reynolds (ijenjamin H. Piper, Henry C. Rey- 
nolds) began business in the Row in 1867. They employ 
nine men and use yearly two hundred cords of walnut and 
oak in the manufacture of thirty-five thousand spokes, forty 
thousand axe-handles, and thirty-five thousand hatchet- and 
liammer-handles. 

Charles B. Bradley succeeded in 1870 to a business 
which was started in 1859 and left him by his father. He 
employs five hands and uses from eighty to a hundred 
dozen calf-skins, from four hundred to five hundred dozen 
lamb-skins and Irom a thousand to fourteen hundred yards 
of cloth of all kinds, in covering from one hundred and 
fifty to one hundred and seventy-five thousand rolls a year. 

John Brugger & Son (Sebastian Christophe) employ 
from one hundred and twenty-five to one hundred and fifty 
persons in their hosiery-mill at Mechanics' Row, besides a 
large number of others who do their work by hand and at 
theii- homes in the city and vicinity. The annual produc- 
tion is eighty thousand dozen pairs of stockings. The firm 
have recently bought a mill and water-privilege at Goffs- 
town, but have not yet occupied the place. 

A. P. Olzendam occupies a hosiery-mill at Mechanics' 
Row, one hundred feet long and thirty wide, three stories 
high, and the Amoskeag Company built for him the past 
year an addition, one hundred feet long, forty-two feet wide 
and three stories high with a basement. He employs about 
one hundred and twenty operatives in the mills and several 
thousand seamers and knitters outside. He has recently 
added fifty fancy hand-looms to his machinery, and, when 
it is all in operation, will make eighty thousand dozen pairs 
of stockings a year, using six or seven hundred pounds of 

20 



314 Manchester. 

wool a week. He makes also all the paper boxes used in 
packing his goods. 

Horace and Holmes R. Pettee occupy a grist-mill in Me- 
chanics' Row and grind annually seventy-five thousand 
bushels of corn for their wholesale trade and twenty 
thousand bushels of various grains for customers. 

John B. McCrillis & Son (John A. McCrillis), who have 
a shop in Mechanics' Row in addition to their manufactory 
in Janesville, are the proprietors of a business which has 
been twenty-five years established. They employ forty 
men and make annually two hundred and fifty carriages 
and twenty-five sleighs. They have repositories in north- 
ern New York and in Michigan. 

These include all the tenants of Mechanics' Row. In 
the upper part of the city, however, is located the carriage 
manufactory of Alden W. Sanborn, who employs twenty- 
five hands and makes a hundred carriages yearly, some of 
which are sent to California and Australia. He has been 
in business in Manchester twenty-five years, seven of them 
in his present location. 

Orrin E. Kimball, also located in the northern part of 
the city but owning a tannery in Bakei'sville, employs 
twenty-five men in making skins for roll-covering, nearly 
three hundred thousand dollars' worth a year. He tans 
fifty thousand sheep-skins and ten thousand calf-skins 
yearly, besides finishing over a hundred thousand skins 
which are sent from other tanneries and pulling two 
hundred thousand pounds of wool. 

The Amoskeag Paper-Mill was first started in 1853 as 
the Manchester Paper-Works, Benjamin F. Martin & Com- 
pany (George W. Goddard) being proprietors, but the lat- 
ter soon retired, leaving Mr. Martin the sole owner. He 
sold it in 1865 to Hudson Keeney, and he in turn disposed 
of it to S. D. Warren, of whom Col. Martin bought it in 
1869. The latter sold it in 1874 to John Hoyt & Company 



MiSCKLLANEOUS MANUFACTURERS. 315 

(W. J. Hoyt, J. C. Sawyer). It^ is located on the upper 
canal just above the Langdon Mills, and makes daily two 
tons of print and book paper, using four tons of stock and 
employing fifty-five persons. 

The Uncanoonuc Paper-Mill, P. C. Cheney & Company 
(Person C. Cheney, Elijah M. Tubbs) proprietors, situated 
on the site of the old cotton-mills at Amoskeag village, 
gives employment to thirty-five persons in the mill proper 
and fifteen in the waste-works. The proprietors make two 
tons of manilla paper a day and handle one hundred and 
twenty-five tons of waste a month. 

Samuel C. Forsaith & Company (William E. Drew) 
employ at their machine-shop near the foot of Franklin 
street from fifty to sixty men, using annually from one 
hundred to one hundred and twenty-five thousand dollars' 
worth of stock, including two hundred tons of cast iron, 
seventy-five tons of wrought iron and steel and thirty- 
five thousand feet of lumber. They make bolt-forging 
machines, newspaper-folding machines, power spring- 
hammers, etc. 

Albion H. Lowell, in the same locality, employs fifty 
men in the manufacture of seventy-five thousand dollars' 
worth yearly of iron fences, ornamental iron work and 
castings, using from a ton and a half to two tons a day of 
cast iron. 

Joseph L. Smith, near by, employs a dozen men and 
uses half a million feet of lumber a year, turning three- 
fourths of it into boxes and the rest into matched and 
planed boards, etc. 

The Manchester Shoe and Leather Company, whose shop 
is located in the same part of the city, was organized in 
July, 1872. Andrew C. Wallace is its president; Daniel 
W. Lane, treasurer ; and S. A. Felton, agent. It uses 
annually fifteen thousand dollars' worth of sole-leather and 
twenty thousand dollars' worth of upper-leather, seventy- 



316 Manchester. 

five thousand feet in all. It employs from fifty to sixty 
persons and manufactures annually sixty tliousand dollars' 
worth of shoes or fifty thousand pairs. The company also 
manufiictures a water-proof dressing for boots and shoes. 

William Corey and Company (J. P. Martin), near the 
corner of Franklin and Auburn streets, employ twenty per- 
sons in the manufacture of knitting-needles and knitting- 
machines. They make three thousand needles a day and 
use a pound of cast steel for every five hundred needles. 

Josselyn & Marston (L. B. Josselyn, C. L. Marston), in 
the same neighborhood, make annually thirty thousand fac- 
tory brushes and fifty thousand boot and shoe brushes. 

J. S. Holt & Company (W. S. Holt, H. C. Holt), soap 
manufacturers on Amherst street in Towlesville, carry on 
a business established by the senior partner in 1852. They 
manufacture by steam, employ five men and make yearly 
twenty-six hundred barrels of soft soap and about twenty- 
five thousand pounds of hard soap. They also render tal- 
low and deal in soap stock of all kinds. 

David B. Varney's brass-foundry is situated on Manches- 
ter street, between Pine and Union, on the site of the 
steam-mill of Baldwin, Gould & Company, which was 
burned in 1852. The business was begun in 1850 by 
Hartshorn & Darling ; in 1857 the firm became Darling & 
Varney : and since the death of the senior partner in 1868, 
Mr. Varney has managed the works alone. The most im- 
portant part of the work done is the manufacture of orna- 
mental brass and copper mountings for locomotives and 
steam fire engines, between seven and eight thousand 
pounds of composition castings being used monthly in this 
branch of the work alone. Among his customers are the 
Amoskeag Company, who buy from him the brass work on 
their famous steam fire engines, and the Manchester Loco- 
motive Works, besides railroad corporations. Bells for 
engines are also made at the establishment and a large 



Miscellaneous Manufacturers. 317 

amount of general jobbing is done. Some jiarts of the 
business are carried on in few places in the country. ISIr. 
Varney manufactures one hundred thousand dollars' worth 
of goods a year, employs twenty-five men, melts from ten 
to twelve thousand pounds of metal each month, and con- 
sumes annually from seventy-five to one hundred tons of 
hard coal and twenty thousand bushels of charcoal. 

John B. Chase «fe Company, leather-dressers at the lower 
end of Elm street, employ three men in finishing thirty 
thousand skins, or twenty thousand dollars' worth, a year. 

Jeremiah Hodge, who was located for some years in Me- 
chanics' Row but has recently removed to the foot of Elm 
street where he has built a large block, uses half a million 
feet of lumber yearly in the manufacture of doors, window- 
frames, moldings, etc. 

Arthur Dinsmore & Company, located in Hodge's build- 
ing, employ thirty meu and use two million feet of lumber 
a year, turning about half into bo.\es and the rest into 
matched and planed boards and building lumber of all 
kinds. They make from the log at their saw-mill near 
Massabesic lake six hundred and fifty thousand feet of 
lumber yearly, and cut half a million feet at their steam- 
mill in Newbury, N. H. 

Andrew C. Wallace employs thirty-five men in a planing- 
mill, saw-mill and box-shop, in a building at the foot of 
Elm street on Cemetery brook, which he bought in 1875 of 
Thomas R. Hubbard. He makes yearly one million five 
hundred thousand feet of lumber into packing-boxes and 
sells nearly a million feet of lumber besides. 

Thomas R. Hubbard, in A. C. Wallace's building, em- 
ploys forty men in the manufacture of machinery and knit- 
ting-needles, and operates a grist-mill, with a capacity of 
two hundred bushels a day, and a cider-mill, with a capac- 
ity of fift\^ barrels a day, both using steam-power. 

Ira Cross, in the same building, employs half a dozen 



318 Manchester. 

men, making twelve thousand bobbin-winders and a hun- 
dred thousand patent thumb-screw^s yearly. 

Austin, Johnson & Company (Thomas Johnson, Jere- 
miah Austin, C. A. Flint) began business in this city in 
1874 in the southern part of the city, near the Portsmouth 
railway. Tiiey employ lifty men, use one million five hun- 
dred tliousand feet of lumber a year, and make annually 
fifty thousand window-sashes, twenty-five thousand blinds, 
seventy-five hundred doors and as many door-frames, and 
one million five hundred tliousand feet of molding of dif 
ferent widths. 

The Amoskeag Brewery in Piscataquog village, of which 
Andrew C. Wallace is the proprietor, employs six men and 
brews yearly six thousand barrels of ale, using fourteen 
thousand bushels of barley and fifteen thousand pounds of 
hops. 

John S. Kidder k Company (Charles H. Hill) grind at 
their steam-mill on Granite street seventy thousand bush- 
els of corn annually and ten thousand bushels of all kinds 
of grain for custom-work. 

Watts & Holmes (Horace P. Watts, William F. Holmes) 
grind at their mill on Piscataquog river seventy-five thou- 
sand bushels of corn and about the same amount of wheat. 

George H. Hubbard makes half a million cigars yearly ; 
James B. Scott makes one hundred thousand yearly. 

Thomas F. Glancy makes annually one hundred and 
thirty thousand bottles of beer and fifty thousand bottles 
of soda ; Vickery & Company, one hundred and eighty 
thousand bottles of beer ; F. L. Gray, one hundred and 
fifty thousand bottles of beer and soda. 

Lincoln & Porter (George F. Lincoln, Alfred Porter) 
employ half a dozen men in a mill with eight looms at 
Goffie's Falls, in making four hundred yards a day of crash 
toweling. 



Former Manufacturers. 319 

former manufacturers. 

There have been started, since the cotton-mills were 
built on the river, quite a number of manufacturing enter- 
prises, of different kinds and of more or less importance, 
which have come to an untimely end, the source of consid- 
erable loss to their originators. Several manufacturing- 
companies have also been incorporated, but were never 
organized. 

Of these latter were the Manchester Bleachery, chartered 
in 1853, with men prominent in connection with the Amos- 
keag Company named as grantees ; and the Manchester 
Bleachery, chartered again in 1856, neither of which began 
operations. In 1857 the Merrimack Water Power Com- 
pany was incorporated, with power to buy the property of 
the Amoskeag Company, if two-thirds of the stockholders 
of the latter would vote to sell, but there was nothing done 
about it. The Merrimack Steam and Gas Pipe Company 
was chartered in 1853, but never did business. 

Of the failures in manufacturing, perhaps the most note- 
worthy was that of the Blodget Paper Company, which was 
chartered in January, 1853, with an authorized capital of 
one hundred thousand dollars, which was increased to three 
times that sum by an act of the June session of the legisla- 
ture of that year. Tlie company was formed for the man- 
ufacture of paper-hangings, occupied a mill on the upper 
canal now owned by the Langdon Mills, and at one time 
employed one hundred and forty hands, used fourteen tons 
and a half of paper a week and made eight thousand rolls 
of paper-hangings a day. William M. Shaw was its agent, 
and John S. Kidder its clerk and treasurer. It ceased 
operations after several years. 

The Manchester Iron Company, chartered in 1853, began 
operations in October of that year with a capital of twenty 
thousand dollars, occupying a foundry, machine-shop, pat- 



820 Manchester. 

tern-lioiise and engine-house at the lower end of Elm street, 
the buildings now owned by the Manchester Locomotive 
Works and used for the manufacture of castings. The 
Iron Company made castings of all sorts and at one time 
employed sixty men and used a thousand tons of coal an- 
nually. John B. Fish was then its president; J. T. P. 
Hunt, its treasurer ; Henry C. Merrill, its clerk. 

The Manchester Machine Company, chartered in 1858, 
began in 1855 the manufacture of scales in part of one of 
the Iron Company's buildings. Isaac Riddle was president 
of the company ; Nathan Parker, treasurer ; J. C. Tasker, 
clerk ; George W. Pinkerton, agent. 

These two companies were subsequently united under 
the name of the Manchester Iron Company, Amos G. Gale 
becoming president, succeeded later by David A. Bunton, 
and Darwin J. Daniels treasurer and clerk. The company 
lost money and the buildings and land were sold, Decem- 
ber 9, 1865, to the Manchester Locomotive Works, for eight 
thousand dollars. 

Tiie Manchester Car and Machine Works was incorpor- 
ated in 1854, with a capital of fifty thousand dollars. It 
occupied a building in the southern part of the city on the 
line of the Concord railway, now used as a brewery, and at 
one time employed forty-five men. Hiram Brown was then 
its president ; J. E. Earle, its clerk ; Samuel Shepherd, 
its treasurer and agent. It afterwards assumed the name 
of the Fulton Works, Samuel C. Crombie becoming its 
agent, and engaged in the manufacture of doors, sashes 
and blinds. The company dissolved after a time and the 
property was bought by Col. Waterman Smith, who moved 
the building to Goffe's Falls and made it into a mill and 
afterwards disposed of the land to the Hon. E. A. Straw, 
who sold it to Tucker & Mathes. They built upon it a 
brewery and operated it for some time. The property was 
mortgaged to the Manchester Savings Bank and finally fell 




^ / 



Former Manufacturers. 321 

into its hands and was sold, near the close of 1874, to 
Dunn, Ifarris S: Company, who have begun the l)usiness of 
brewing in the building. 

The Manchester Oil-Cloth Carpet Factory was incorpor- 
ated in 1854, with an authorized capital of sixty thousand 
dollars, but its operations were not very extensive. 

The Belmont Print-Works were situated on Cemetery 
brook, near Hallsville. The mill was built by the Hon. 
Frederick G. Stark for wheelwright purposes but was 
bought by Charles Barnes in 1850 and used for a paper- 
hanging manufactory. In 1855 it passed into the hands of 
John P. Lord, who had been manager at the Manchester 
Print-Works, and he fitted it for the printing of delaines 
and calicoes. The works were owned at one time by Mr. 
Lord and Heniy Buckley and printed seven thousand yards 
daily or over two million in a year. The old mill was un- 
used for some time after their business ceased, but near the 
close of 1878 F. F. & C. M. Downs began in it the manu- 
facture of shoes and continued the business a few months. 

The Eagle Paper Company was never incorporated but 
began in 1857 the manufacture of wrapping paper from 
resinous bark, making from eight hundred to a thousand 
pounds a day, but shortly came to an end. 

The New England Excelsior Company began, about the 
same time, the manufacture of -'excelsior" filling for mat- 
tresses, occupying one end of the building owned by the 
Fulton Works. G. G. Feuner was then agent. About 1860 
its name was changed to that of the American Excelsior 
Company and it began the manufacture of the same article 
in Mechanics' Row and afterwards removed to Amoskeag 
village, where it remained till about 1872 and then moved 
to another part of the state. When it went to Amoskeag 
village William Blanchard became the agent of the com- 
pany and afterwards proprietor of the business. The late 
John L. Davis was the foreman of the company nearly all 
the time it was located here. 



NEWSPAPERS. 



'l^ HE newspapers of Manchester have been numerous, 
many of them of an ephemeral character, many de- 
Wj^ p voted to special ends, and but few of them now sur- 
vive under the names with which they were started. Of 
a number of them, issued for advertising purposes merely 
and for gratuitous distribution, and of several amateur pa- 
pers published in 1872 and 1873, this chapter makes no men- 
tion. It makes brief record, with as much accuracy as pos- 
sible, of those sheets which professed to be newspapers or 
literary journals and which were bought and sold as such. 

The Amoskeag Representative, the first newspaper printed 
in Manchester, was established by John Caldwell and its first 
number issued Friday, October 18, 1839, its publication be- 
ing continued weekly thereafter. Its name was changed to 
that of Manchester Representative January 22, 1841. It 
was about the size of the Mirror & American of the pres- 
ent time. It advocated the principles of the Democratic 
party and at the time when the second paper, the Amos- 
keag Memorial, was started, had quite a circulation, which 
subsequently decreased and the paper was sold, December 7, 
1842, to Kimball & Currier, and merged with the Manches- 
ter Democrat, another venture in the journalistic field. 

The second paper was the Amoskeag Memorial, whose 
publication was begun Wednesday, January 1, 1840, by 
Joseph C. Emerson, who was born in Weare, learned the 
printer's trade at Concord and now resides at Cleveland, 
Ohio. It was started as a neutral paper and remained such 



324 Manchester. 

till the appearance of the Manchester Democrat in 1842, 
when it began the advocacy of the principles of the Whig 
party. At the commencement of the second volume, Jan- 
uary 6, 1841, its name was changed to that of Manchester 
Memorial. Joseph Kidder became its editor February 17, 
1841, at which time he sold to Mr. Emerson the People's 
Herald, which he had published at Pembroke for two 
months previous, having issued four numbers. Tiie Me- 
morial then assumed the double title of Manchester Me- 
morial & People's Herald and kept it till June o, 1842, 
when tlie latter half was dropped. It was enlarged, June 
9, 1841, to the size of the Mirror & American. May 26, 
1841, Mr. Emerson associated with himself as publisher 
0. D. Murray, now of Nashua, and in the succeeding Jan- 
uary, when Mr. Kidder resigned the editorship, the pub- 
lishers announced themselves as editors. The establish- 
ment was bought, September 2, 1842, l)y Samuel F. Wet- 
more and A. A. Wallace, who continued its publishers till 
August 21, 1844, when Mr. Wallace retired and left the 
paper in the hands of Mr. Wetmore, the senior partner. 
Its name was changed, September 6, 1844, to that of Man- 
chester American. In September, 1845, Mr. Wetmore 
started the Semi-Weekly American, of which John H. 
Warland was editor. April 17, 1846, the establishment 
passed into the hands of James 0. Adams, who at once 
discontinued the semi-weekly issue. He remained the pub- 
lisher and editor of the American till May, 1852, when, 
having another weekly paper upon his hands, he sold the 
American to Gen. Joseph C. Abbott, now United States 
Senator from North Carolina, and Edward A. Jenks, now 
connected with the Concord Monitor. A few weeks later 
they bought the Saturday Messenger, Henry A. Gage, one 
of the owners of the latter, being admitted to partnership, 
and they published the American & Messenger under the 
name of Abbott, Jenks & Company, Mr. Abbott being the* 



Newspapers. 325 

editor. A daily had been issued during the campaij^n of 
184S and again in ISoO duriii<r the progress of the Parker 
murder trial, but the first regular issue of the jManchester 
Daily American occurred September 4, 1854. Charles G. 
Warren subsequently bought the interest of the two Junior 
partners and the publication was continued by Abbott & 
Warren. Both the daily and weekly were sold in 1857 to 
John H. Goodale of the Manchester Democrat and united 
with that paper. 

Upon the appearance of the Memorial, in January, 1840, 
John Caldwell of the Representative began the publication 
of a neutral and literary paper of the size of the new sheet, 
with the title of the Manchester Magazine, whose matter 
was selected from what had once appeared in his own 
))aper. This was continued but three months. 

July 4, 1840, Joseph C. Emerson of the Memorial began 
the publication of the Manchester Workman. It was a 
campaign paper, advocated the claims of Gen. Harrison for 
President of tiie United States and was discontinued after 
his election. 

The first number of the Star of Bethlehem, a religious 
paper which advocated the doctrines of the Universalists, 
was issued in this city, January 2, 1841. It was publislied 
by a company with the title of the Fraternal Association, 
of which A. C. Baglcy was agent, and the editors were 
Abel C. Thomas and Thouias B. Thayer. It was contin- 
ued here about a year and was then removed entirely to 
Lowell, it having been for some time nnblished simultane- 
ously in that city and in Manchester. It is a curious fact 
that the type for its first number was once all "set" for 
printing, but some pecuniary difficulty arose and it was 
"distributed" without having been used. 

Soon after the mills were started a large number of pa- 
pers sprang into a brief existence, some of them being 
hardly worth dragging from obscurity. Among them were 



326 Manchester. 

the Manchester Engine, an illustrated journal of fun, which 
was continued for six weeks, and the Owl, a scurrilous pa- 
per which appeared by night, at odd times, for nearly a 
year. The names of the publishers were not given. 

The Literary Souvenir was a weekly paper which was 
begun in Lowell in 1838 by A. B. F. Hildreth, but in its 
fourth year was removed to Concord, and four months 
later to this city. Emerson & Murray of the Memorial 
were its publishers, and S. H. Napoleon Bonaparte Everette 
was its editor. He was an eccentric man who styled himself 
"Rag Emperor" and his name was printed in the paper with 
that title. The Iris & Literary Record was a monthly 
magazine which had been published at Hanover by E. A. 
Allen, but in the summer of 1842 was bought by Emerson 
& Murray and removed to Manchester. Mr. Everette was 
the editor of both this and the Souvenir. These two 
were united the first of September and published under the 
name of the Iris & Souvenir. Mr. Murray soon after- 
wards retired and left Mr. Emerson in sole possession of 
the business. The latter in December, 1842, began the 
Semi-Weekly Advertiser, which was edited by Col. Isaac 
Kinsman of Pembroke, and was continued but four or five 
weeks. In January, 1843, Mr. Emerson sold all his news- 
paper property to Willard N. Haradon, who bought at the 
same time the interest of the senior partner in the Man- 
chester Allodium, whose first number was issued Jaimary 
14, 1843, by James Bursiel and a man of the name of 
Hamlet, the second number bearing the names of Hamlet 
& Haradon. The Allodium was a neutral and literary paper 
ornamented with clieap engravings on wood. This firm 
continued its publication till April 8, 1843, when E. D. 
Boylston, now the senior editor of the Farmers' Cabinet at 
Amherst, purchased it of them and also bought the Iris 
& Souvenir of Mr. Haradon, continuing both papers un- 
der different names and in a different fashion. The Alio- 



Newspapers. 327 

dium became the Manchester Transcript, which was re- 
moved a few months later to Great Falls and there de- 
ceased, and instead of the Iris &. Souvenir he established 
in August, 1845, a religious and temperance journal under 
the name of the New Hampshire Magazine, which was pub- 
lished for a year and was then discontinued. 

April 2<3, 1842, W. H. Kimball and Joseph Kidder, who 
were associated under the name of Kimball & Kidder, is- 
sued the first number of the Manchester Democrat, a 
weekly paper which advocated the principles of the Demo- 
cratic party, and which must not be confounded with the 
Union Democrat which was started in 1851. After a few 
months George W. Morrison and Moody Currier, then part- 
ners in the practice of law, bought Mr. Kidder's half of 
the paper. Then Mr. Morrison sold his interest to Mr. 
Currier, who was the editor during his connection with it 
and for a while afterwards but who retired from its owner- 
ship in October, 1848, his share being bought by E. D. 
Davis. In the early part of 1845 Mr. Kimball sold his in- 
terest to Chandler E. Potter, then a practising attorney-at- 
law, and in September of that year Mr. Potter assumed the 
whole management. In August, 1846, he associated with 
liim as publisher Edward Hutchins, continuing as editor 
himself, and resuming entire control the next year. In 
the fall of 1848 he sold the paper to John H. Goodale, now 
of Nashua, and W. H. Gilmore, now connected with the 
Concord People. In January, 1851, Mr. Gilmore retired 
to start a new paper, called the Union Democrat, and Mr. 
Goodale continued the sole editor and proprietor. In 1857 
the latter bought the Daily American and American & 
Messenger, continued the publication of the former and 
united the latter with the Democrat under the name of the 
Democrat & American. Soon afterwards Simeon D. 
Farnsworth, then a school-teacher of Concord, came to this 
city and entered into partnership with Goodale and the 



328 Manchester. 

firm became Goodale & Farnsworth. In the fall of 1861 
the latter bought out his partner and continued the sole 
proprietor till April, 1868, when, having become a paymas- 
ter in the army, he leased the daily and weekly to Gage, 
Moore & Company (Henry A. Gage, Orren C. Moore, James 
0. Adams), and the name Democrat was dropped from the 
title. In August, 1863, 0. C. Moore sold his interest to 
Sylvester 0. Gould. In December, 1863, Mr. Farnsworth 
bought back the lease and sold both papers to John B. 
Clarke, who united them with the Mirror. The last issue 
of the Daily American was dated December 26, 1863. 

The Gleaner, to which the general testimony ascribes a 
low and scurrilous character, was first issued Saturday, 
November 12, 1842, its publisher being William A. Hall 
and its editor John Caldwell, who was then pul)lishing the 
Representative. It was suspended in the latter part of 
1845. There was an effort made at one time to call Elm 
street Broadway, and the Gleaner, according to its heading, 
was printed at " Exchange Building, No. 88 Broadway, 
opposite Methodist church." 

The Manchester Palladium, another of Mr. Caldwell's 
enterprises, was begun May 21, 1S46, and continued about 
six months. 

The White Mountain Torrent was a temperance paper, 
started at Concord in April, 1843, and edited by the late 
Moses A. Cartland of Weare. In September of that year it 
was bought by Willard N. Haradon, J. C. Stowell, George 
S. Wilson and Samuel Young and moved to Manchester. 
It was published here till November, being still edited by 
Mr. Cartland, and then returned to Concord. 

The Manchester Operative was begun Saturday, Decem- 
ber 30, 1843, by Willard N. Haradon and was published 
ostensibly, as its name would hint, in the interests of man- 
ual lal)orers. It is said to have gained a good circulation, 
but its last number was issued November 16, 1844, and it 





/^tyhu^M^ 






Newspapers. 320 

was then removed to Lowell and united with the Opera- 
tives' Magazine & Lowell OU'ering'. It was at first owned 
and edited by Mr. llaradon alone ; February 24, 1844, its 
columns stated that it was published l)y Mr. Haradon and 
conducted by John G. Sherburne and E. R. Wilkins ; 
March 30, Mr. Haradon again appeared as the sole man- 
ager ; April 20, Haradon & Wilkins were the publishers 
and proprietors ; August 31, Mr. Haradon again appeared, 
for a single number, alone ; September 7, it was published 
by an " association of practical printers," consisting of W. 
N. Haradon, George S. Wilson, J. 0. Stowell and Samuel 
E. Young, under the name of Haradon, Stowell & Com- 
pany, Mr. Stowell being the editor. October 12, the name 
of the iirm was changed to J. C. Stowell & Company and 
by them it was published till its decease. 

The Independent Democrat was begun in this city May 1, 
1845, by Robert C. Wetmore, a brother of S. F. Wetmore 
of the firm of Wetmore <t Wallace of the Memorial. It 
was removed after a few weeks to Concord, where it be- 
came a strong paper under the editorship of the Hon. 
George G. Fogg and was subsequently united with another 
paper to form the present Independent Statesman. 

July 3, 1845, was issued the first number of the Man- 
chester Mercantile Advertiser, published by Charles H. 
Chase, now a jeweler of this city. It was suspended after 
an existence of nearly five months and then Mr. Chase be- 
gan the publication of the Manchester Saturday Messenger, 
whose first number was issued November 29, 1845. The 
Messenger appeared, March 28, 1846, with J. E. Davis, jr., 
and Israel P. Chase as publishers. E. D. Davis took Mr. 
Chase's place in the firm on the fifteenth of August of the 
same year. They continued its publication till March 20, 
1847, when they disposed of the establishment to William 
H. Gilraore and Israel P. Chase. Joseph Kidder, who had 
been its editor from the start, resigned his charge at the 

21 



330 Manchester. 

close of the second volume, November 20, 1847. Mr. 
Chase was thereafter the principal editor till he retired 
from the paper, June 24, 1848. Subsequently Henry A. 
Gage bought Mr. Gilmore's interest, and, May 26, 1849, 
associated with him Francis F. Forsaith, who then became 
the editor. He withdrew January 25, 1851, and was suc- 
ceeded by Benjamin F. Wallace, wlio had been for several 
years the princijial of Fiscataquog Village Academy. The 
Messenger had been started to occupy a place wbich was 
supposed to be left vacant by the Democrat and the Ameri- 
can, the only two other papers then published in Manchester 
and both political. The Messenger was intended to be en- 
tirely free from political matter and to have an especial 
local value. When Mr. Wallace assumed the editorship, 
however, the Messenger threw off neutrality and assumed 
the position of a Whig journal. In 1852 it was sold to 
Abbott, Jenks & Company (Joseph C. xVbbott, Edward A. 
Jenks, and Henry A. Gage), the owners of the American, 
and united with that paper. 

The New Hampshire Temperance Banner, established in 
1847 as the organ of the New Hampsliirc State Tem{)er- 
ance Society, was issued monthly under the supervision of 
the executive board and published at the office of the Man- 
chester Democrat. The late Moses A. Cartland of Weare 
was a part of the time its editor and a part of the time it 
was edited by members of the board. After three or four 
years it was removed to Concord and united with some 
other journal. 

The Old Hero was a campaign paper issued in 1848 from 
the office of the Manchester American, in advocacy of the 
claims of Gen. Zachary Taylor for the presidency of the 
United States, in honor of whose military reputation it 
was named. It was continued but a few months. 

September 9, 1848, the first number of the Manchester 
Telescope was issued by Haradon & Kieley (Willard N. 



Newspapers. 331 

Haradon, John Kieley). It was devoted to news and 
amusement, was cheaply iUustrated and had a Ihnited cir- 
cuhition. After an existence of about two years its name 
was changed by Mr. Haradon, who had become its sole pro- 
prietor February lit, 1849, to that of Haradoii's Weekly 
Spy. A subsequent change made it the Manchester Spy 
and under this title it was published till the beginning of 

1852, when it was sold to the publishers of the Farmers' 
Monthly Visitor and incor()orated with that paper. 

The Merchants' Own .lournal, in the main for advertis- 
ing purposes merely, was begun in November, 1848, by 
Haradon & Storer (W. N. Haradon, F. D. Storer) and was 
issued for a short time. 

About 1849 the late Dr. Thomas R. Crosby, then a prac- 
ticing physician in Manchester, conceived the idea of pub- 
lishing an agricultural paper in the city, and at length, hav- 
ing associated with himself James 0. Adams as publisher, 
issued the first number of the Granite Farmer February 26, 
1850. It was a weekly of eight pages, and, according to the 
announcement on its first page, was " published under the 
patronage of the New Hampshire State Agricultural Soci- 
ety." At the beginning of the fourth volume, in January, 

1853, the Rev. A. G. Comings of Mason became associate 
editor, but he removed from the state about March, 1853, 
and the twelfth number was the last which bore his name. 
The paper was sold October 5, 1853, to the Hon. Chandler 
E. Potter and was united not long afterwards with the 
Farmers' Monthly Visitor. 

The Manchester Daily Mirror was started as a morning 
paper Monday, October 28, 1850, by Joseph C. Emerson. 
With the seventh number appeared the name of F. A. 
Moore as that of the editor. He was succeeded as editor, 
December 16, 1850, by Edward N. Fuller. Monday, June 
23, 1851, it was changed from a morning to an evening 
paper. Mr. Emerson began Saturday, February 22, 1851, 



332 Manchester. 

under, the name of the Dollar Weekly Mirror, a weekly 
paper, made up from the columns of the daily, of which 
also Mr. Fuller was the editor. In February, 1852, he 
retired from tlie editorship and his place was filled by 
John B. Clarke. He held the position till September 1, 
when Mr. Emerson, who had been engaged in the manu- 
facture of fireworks, lost heavily by fire and became finan- 
cially embarrassed. He struggled along till Octoi)er 20, 
when lie sold at auction the daily and weekly, which were 
bought by John B. Clarke, who has owned and edited them 
ever since. He bought in 186;5 of S. D. Farnsworth the 
Daily and Weekly American, in which the Manchester 
Democrat had been swallowed up, and united the latter 
with the Dollar Weekly Mirror, and the former wuth the 
Daily Mirror, which has since been known as the Daily 
Mirror & American. In 1863 he bought of Francis B. 
Eaton the New Hampshire Journal of Agriculture, which 
had already absorbed the Granite Farmer and the Farm- 
ers' Monthly Visitor, and united it with the weekly under 
the name of the Dollar Weekly Mirror & New Hampshire 
Journal of Agriculture. July 8, 18(35, its name was chang- 
ed to that of Mirror & Farmer and under this it has 
since been published. The office of publication was in 
Patten's block on Elm street till the fire of February, 180G, 
then in Riddle's building on the corner of Hanover and 
Ehn streets till October 1, 1863, and since then in its pres- 
ent location in Merchants' Exchange on the corner of Man- 
chester and Elm streets. 

January 21, 1851, the first number of the Union Demo- 
crat, a weekly paper in the interest of the Democratic 
party, was issued by William H. Gilmore & Company. 
June 18, 1851, the firm became Campbell <fe . Gilmore 
(James M. Campbell, William H. Gilmore) and Mr. Camp- 
bell became the editor. August 15, 1855, Mr. Gilmore left 
and Mr. Campbell became the sole proprietor. May 28, 



Newspapers. 333 

1861, Walter H.irrimau, afterwards governor of the state, 
was associated witli Mr. Catuphell and the paper was pul)- 
lished as the Weekly Union by Campbell <fe Harriman till 
March 31, 1863, when Col. Thomas P. Pierce took Harri- 
man's place, and the name of Union Democrat was again 
adopted. The Manches^^er Daily Union had been issued in 
18.")6 as a campaign paper, but its first regular issue was 
dated Tuesday, March 31, 1863, January 1, 1864, the firm 
became James M. Campbell & Company, Charles Lamson 
being the junior partner. August 1, 1864, Alpheus A. 
Hanscom, who had been the editor and proprietor of the 
Maine Democrat at Saco, Me., from March 1, 1843, till 
May 15, 1864, bought Mr. Lamson's interest and the firm 
became Campbell & Hanscom, under which name it has 
ever since continued. September 1, 1872, George A. 
Hanscom, a brother of the junior partner and who had 
learned the printer's trade in his brother's office at Saco 
Init had followed the sea for many years, and James L. 
Campbell, a son of the senior ])artner, were admitted as 
members of the firm. The Democrat was published in 
Patten's block on Elm street till the fire of February, 1856 
and then in Riddle's building on the corner of Hanover 
and Elm streets and in Merchants' Exchange, corner of 
Manchester and Elm streets, till February, 1874, when it 
was issued from the building which the proprietors had 
then just completed on Manchester street. 

The Farmers' Monthly Visitor, which had been pul)lished 
at Concord l)y Gov. Isaac Hill since 1838, was suspended 
in 1849 but revived in this city in 1852, when Rowell, Pres- 
cott & Company (Joseph M. Rowell, George P. Prescott, 
Chandler E. Potter) became its proprietors and Judge 
Potter its editor. It was published as an octavo of thirty- 
two pages and its first number was issued in Manchester, 
as the first number of its twelfth volume, in January, 1852. 
Judse Potter bouirht the Granite Farmer of Mr. Adams 



334 Manchester. 

October 5, 1858, and Dr. Crosby retired from the editor- 
ship two weeks later. In 1854 the latter was united with 
the Visitor and published in folio form under the name of 
the Granite Farmer & Visitor. Judge Potter, having 
bought out his partners, was then the sole proprietor and 
editor. About a year later Lewis H. Hildreth of Westford, 
Mass., a writer upon agriculture, came to Manchester and 
entered into negotiations in reference to a paper. As a 
result he and James 0. Adams each bought a third of the 
Farmer & Visitor, Judge Potter retaining a third and 
Mr. Adams' name appearing as that of the editor. Hil- 
dreth, however, remained but a few months and about 
April, 1857, the paper was sold at auction to John C. Mer- 
riara & Company (Henry C. Adams), and it was issued, 
July 18, 1857, as a new paper under the name of the Gran- 
ite State Farmer. Subsequently Merriam retired and 
Henry C. Adams owned it for a while and then sold it to 
S. A. Hurlburt, who was the sole proprietor and editor — 
James 0. Adams then leaving the editor's chair — till the 
latter part of 1859, when Gilmore & Martin (William H. 
Gilmore, Warren Martin) bought the paper and issued it 
in folio form as the New Hampshire Journal of Agriculture. 
Zephauiah Breed and Moses A. Cartland, both of Weare, 
became the editors. In 1861 the paper was sold to Fran- 
cis B. Eaton, who published it till January, 1863, when he 
sold it to John B. Clarke, who united it with the Dollar 
Weekly Mirror, of which he was then the owner, under the 
name of the Dollar Weekly Mirror & New Hampshire Jour- 
nal of Agriculture. 

The Crusader, a temperance paper published under the 
auspices of the New Hampshire State Temperance Society, 
was begun in Concord about 1850. In December, 1851, it 
was published simultaneously in Concord and Manchester 
and in February, 1852, was published altogether in this 
city. It was not long afterwards moved to Concord, united 



Newspapers. 335 

with the Phoenix of that city and afterwards absorbed by 
the New Hamjjshire Gazette at Portsmouth. 

Ill ISoo Benjamin F. Stanton and William B. Bnrnham 
issued for a short time a small sheet devoted to phonogra- 
phy called the Junto Organ. 

A paper called the Ladies' Enterprise was l)eguii January 
1, 1854, and published weekly for a time. 

The " Know-Nothing " movement, which began in 1854, 
created a demand for an especial political organ, and in 
September of that year the Stars and Stripes was estab- 
lished as the medium of communication for that party and 
was published weekly. Marquis D. L. Stevens was its pub- 
lisher and Jonathan Tenney, then principal of the high 
school and now deputy state superintendent of public 
instruction for New York, was its editor. At the end of a 
year Edwin Bartholomew became its editor and proprietor 
and Benjamin F. Wallace, principal of the Piscataquog 
academy, had some connection with it. It was removed 
not long afterwards to Laconia and absorbed in the Winni- 
pesaukee Gazette. 

The New Hampshire Journal of Medicine, a monthly 
octavo of thirty-two pages, was first issued at Concord in 
August, 1850, with E. H. Parker, M. D., as editor. In 
October, 1852, Dr. George H. Hubbard of this city was 
associated with Dr. Parker, and in October, 1853, became 
the sole editor. It was removed to Manchester in July, 
1856, and continued till December, 1859, when it was sus- 
pended, at the close of the eighth volume. 

The New Hampshire Journal of Education was a monthly 
publication, established in January, 1857, as the organ of 
the New Hampshire State Teachers' Association, Edwin 
Bartholomew was the publisher and the Rev. William L. 
Gage, now settled in Hartford, Conn., the chief editor. 
Among the associate editors were Jonathan Tenney, Ben- 
jamin F. Wallace and Simeon D. Fariisworth of this city. 



336 Manchester. 

At the close of its first volume it was removed to Concord 
and there continued till the end of the year 1862, when it 
was suspended. While it was published there the Rev. 
Henry E. Sawyer, now of Middlctown, Conn., and a brother 
of Joseph B. Sawyer of this city, was the chief editor and 
John P. Newell and John W. Ray of this city were among 
his associates in. the work. 

The Literary Visitor, a monthly paper, was begun Janu- 
ary 1, 1859, as the organ of the Excelsior Literary Associa- 
tion by George W. Batchclder and Martin A. Haynes, the 
latter of whom is now editor and proprietor of the Lake 
Village Times. It had a small circulation and only eight 
numbers appeared. 

The True Republican was a weekly paper which was 
started February 4, 1859, by Benjamin F. Stanton, now the 
editor and proprietor of the Bradford, Vt., Opinion. With 
him were afterwards associated Hector Canfield, now a 
clergyman of North Attleboro', Mass., and Orren C. Moore, 
now one of the editors and proprietors of the Nashua Tele- 
graph. The paper was continued about a year under the 
titles of True Republican, City Messenger & Republican 
and Manchester Re[)ul)lican. 

Moore's Musical Record, a " magazine of musical art, 
science, literature and news," John W. Moore, editor, was 
begun in January, 1857, and published monthly by John 
W. Moore & Company for two years. In January, 1869, 
he, Samuel C. Merrill, Charles Clougli and Sylvester C. 
Gould began the publication of the Manchester Daily News, 
but his partners retired one by one and he was left alone 
the first of April. He continued the News till May 6 and 
then suspended it till September, when he published nine- 
teen numljers and then discontinued it finally. He had 
resumed in June the publication of the Musical Record but 
suspended it in January, 1870. 

La Voix du Peuple, a weekly paper issued in the inter- 




--^r 




'x^O/nv 



Newspapers. 337 

ests of the French population in Manchester, was begun 
February 25, 1M)1>, and was continued through seventeen 
numbers. A. L. Tremblay & Company were its proprietors 
and editors. 

The Labor Journal was started March 24, 1870, by I'an- 
iel S. Holt, now of Washington N. H., professedly in the 
interests of the laboring classes. It was suspended after 
thirteen numbers. 

The Public Forum was a weekly paper which was started 
September 30, 1871, as a Democratic journal Ijy George J. 
Foster & Company, Joshua L. Foster being its editor. 
After the publication of thirteen numbers it was removed 
to Dover, its name changed to that of Foster's Democrat 
and a new volume begun. It is still published there. 

The New Hampshire Journal of Music was begun Janu- 
ary 1, 1872, by Imri S. Whitney, and is published monthly. 
Joim W. Moore was its editor till the close of 1874. 

The Saturday Night Dispatch was begun Saturday, Jan- 
uary 24, 1874, by Merritt S. Hunt, who had been connected 
with papers in Pittsburgh and Titusville, Pa., and has been 
published weekly since. James 0. Adams was associated 
with Mr. Hunt as editor and proprietor from September 1 
to December 1, 1874, since when the paper has been owned 
and edited by Hunt & Everett, Henry H. Everett being the 
junior partner. 

The New Hampshire Sunday Globe was issued for the 
first time Sunday morning, February 7, 1875, by Rollins & 
Kingdon (Ai Rollins, S. S. Kingdon) and has been pub- 
lished weekly since. It is the only Sunday paper in the 
state. 



MANCHESTER IN THE REBEL- 
LION, 

"^hM'^ HE War of the Rebellion is so fresh in the minds of 
'"'l^^^i the people of to day that they do not need to be 
V^F reminded that it was begun by the attack on Fort 
Sumter April 12, 1861. Abraham Lincoln, then Presi- 
dent of the United States, issued on the fifteenth of that 
month a call for seventy-five thousand volunteers to enlist 
for three months, and on the next day Jchabod Goodwin, 
then governor of the state, issued a proclamation to Joseph 
C. Abbott, the adjutant-general, ordering him to enlist from 
the enrolled militia one regiment of volunteers to fill the 
quota of the state, which was seven hundred and eighty 
men. The news of the bombardment of Sumter was an- 
nounced in Manchester early in the morning of the thir- 
teenth and intense excitement was at once aroused. When 
the call for troops came, John L. Kelly was among the 
first to offer his services as a recruiting officer and he was 
appointed and assigned to Manchester and vicinity and 
opened an office in the city hall April 18. It was at once 
thronged with men anxious to enlist, and, as fast as the 
papers could be made out, they were enrolled. 

In the meantime the Manchester Mechanics' Phalanx, 
the Abbott Guard and the Union Guards all local mili- 
itary organizations, held enthusiastic meetings and voted 
to tender their services to the government. The " military 
exempts," or men too old to be required by law for mili- 
tary duty, also held several meetings and pledged their 



340 Manchester. t 

aid, and the young men of the city organized for drill and 
held tlierasclves ready for future calls. The physicians 
offered their services free to the families of all who would 
enlist, the banks volunteered loans to the state and many 
employers gave furloughs to those who left Iheni for the 
field, promising to care for their families while they were 
gone and to give them work when they returned. In fact, 
words convey but a faint idea of the feeling which ])re- 
vailed. The volunteer was the hero of the hour and noth- 
ing was too much to do for him. The papers were full of 
presentations to the departing trocjps and the women joined 
in furnishing them wuth all the comforts they could carry. 
After the first battles had occurred and the need of aid for 
the wounded had thus arisen, the w^omen of tlie city asso- 
ciated to send supplies and continued this work all through 
the war. 

Fifty -six men were enlisted by Captain Kelly the first 
day and in seven days the roll contained the names of one 
hundred and thirty-one recruits. His men went to Con- 
cord April 27 and joined the First regiment, which was en- 
camped there. April 22 the Abbott Guard, seventy-seven 
men, were enlisted in a body by the Hon. Frederick Smyth, 
who had been appointed a recruiting officer, and two days 
later they went to Concord and were afterwards mustered 
into the Second regiment. April 25 the Mechanics' Pha- 
lanx was enlisted by Capt. John N. Bruce and went into 
camp at Portsmouth May 7. Before they left Manchester 
the members were presented with revolvers by Mayor D. 
A. Bunton, in accordance with a vote of the city govern- 
ment. Thus, in seven days after the first recruiting office 
was opened in this city, Manchester had four companies 
ready for the field, Capt. Kelly's men having been divided 
into two companies. 

The first public meeting had already been held, April 
17, by the military exempts. Speeches were made by Re- 



Manchester in the Rebellion.' 341 

tyre Mitchell, who presided, Dustiii Marshall, Isaac Riddle, 
the Hon. Theodore T. Abbot, Justin Spear and the Hon. 
llirain Brown. The next day the young men iield a large 
and enthusiastic meeting at which Thomas V. Pierce, then 
postmaster, presided. At this meeting George C. Gilmore, 
Edwin P. Richardson, Stephen G. Clarke, the Hon. Edward 
W. Harrington, Thomas Baxter, R. N. Batchelder, Andrew 
C. Wallace and James M. Varney were appointed a com- 
mittee to form military companies to be ready in case of 
need. 

The women of the city had been from the first active in 
providing the volunteers with articles which were not fur- 
nished by the government, and nearly every regiment went 
into camp carrying with them substantia] tokens of the 
interest the citizens had in their welfare. April 29 the 
ladies of the several religious societies held a union levee 
for the benefit of the volunteers. Samuel Webber pre- 
sided and patriotic speeches were made by the Hon. Daniel 
Clark, the Hon. George W. Morrison and others. It was 
voted at this meeting to request the President to continue 
in office Thomas P. Pierce, tlie postmaster of the city, who 
at the first call for troops had offered his services to the 
governor of Massachusetts and had joined tiie Fourth reg- 
iment of that state, of which he was lieutenant-colonel. 

The first official action of the city government respect- 
ing the war was taken April 17, when a resolution was 
passed which instructed the mayor to cause flags to be put 
upon the city hall and on the liberty-pole on Merrimack 
square, " to be kept there until they were recognized as the 
national emblem all over the country." May 21 the " re- 
lief committee " of the city government voted a dollar and 
a half a week to the wife of each volunteer and a dollar a 
week to each child. 

Baldwin's Cornet Band went into camj) as the band of 
the First regiment May 15. Its members were supplied 



342 Manchester. 

with money to buy revolvers and blankets by the city gov- 
ernment. The Rifle Rangers, a company enlisted by James 
W. Carr, went into camp at Portsmouth May 27. 

August 2 the mayor called a meeting of all persons who 
were in favor of sustaining the government and putting 
down the rebellion, and a large assembly answered the 
summons. Speeches were made by the Hon. Walter Har- 
riman, the Hon. William C. Clarke, Simeon D. Farnsworth, 
the Hon. Frederick Smyth, the Hon, Samuel Upton, Mi- 
chael T. Donohoe and others, and resolutions were adopted 
which pledged Manchester's last man and last dollar to the 
cause. 

The First regiment, composed of three months' men, re- 
turned from the field August 5, and five days later its mem- 
bers who belonged in this city were given a grand welcome 
home. 

August 8, the Irish volunteers recruited by Capt. Dono- 
hoe went into camp at Concord as a part of the Third 
regiment ; August lo, the second company of the Abbott 
Guard, enlisted by Capt. Rufus F. Clark, left this city to 
form a part of tlie same regiment ; and .August 20, the Am- 
oskeag Rifles, under Capt. Robert C. Dow, also went to 
Concord to join the Third. 

The Fourth regiment went into camp on the trotting- 
park at the upper end of Elm street, naming their camp 
'' Cam}) Sullivan." The Stark Guards, under Capt. J. R. 
Bagley, went first to Concord, but, as the Third regiment 
was already full, they were recalled to Manchester August 
27 and joined the Fourth at Camp Sullivan. The regi- 
ment started for the field September 27. Its band was 
composed for the most part of Manchester men and its 
leader was Walter Dignam. 

It had been announced by the middle of August that a 
battery would be accepted and one was recruited by Capt. 
Samuel Wei)ber, then manager at the Print-Works, Lieu- 



Manchester in the Rebellion. 343 

tenant Frederick M. Edgell and Lieutenant Edwin H. 
Hobbs. It contained one hundred and fifty-four men, 
mostly from this city, who were mustered in September 26, 
under Capt. George A. Gerrish. They left for the seat of 
war October 29, marching to Nashua and there taking the 
cars. 

Tiie Seventh regiment was raised by Gen. Joseph C. 
Abbott, was encamped at Camp Hale upon the trotting- 
park and left for the war January 14, 1862. The Eighth 
regiment, under Col. Hawkes Fearing, jr., was mustered 
in December 23, 1861, and encamped on the trotting- 
park, naming its camp " Camp Currier" in honor of the 
Hon. Moody Currier of Manchester, then a member of Gov. 
Berry's council. The Eighth went from here to Fort Inde- 
pendence in Boston Harbor January 25, 1862, sailing from 
there in two detachments Feljruary 16. A company of 
cavalry was raised in Manchester in the fall of 1861 by Dr. 
David B. Nelson. 

In June, 1862, during an adjustment of the sums due 
from the state to the different cities and towns for aid fur- 
nished to the families of volunteers, it was ascertained that 
up to that time Manchester had furnished for the war over 
seventeen hundred men or more than one-fifth of all who 
had gone from the state. 

The recruiting offices were now closed and their furni- 
ture sold, but in July, 1862, an imperative call for more 
men re-oi)ened them and the city contributed some men to 
the Ninth regiment, then already in process of formation. 
They were mustered in at Concord and left that city for 
the field August 25, 1862. 

The efforts of the citizens under the new call were, how 
ever, mainly directed towards filling the Tenth or Irish 
regiment, which was considered peculiarly a Manchester 
regiment. A mass meeting in its aid was held on the 
evening of July 11 at Smyth's Hall, when eloquent ad- 



344 Manchester. 

dresses were made by Joseph Kidder, who presided, the 
Hon. George W. Morrison, the Hon. David Cross, the Hon. 
William C. Clarke, Col. Bradbury P. Cilley, Col. John B. 
Clarke, Michael Lyons, Licut-Col. John Coughlin and 
Major Jesse F. Angell. The city government passed a 
resolution July 18, offering a bounty of fifty dollars to each 
volunteer and the city furnished the greater part of six 
companies for the Tenth. Its camp was on the trotting- 
park and was called " Camp Pillsbury " in honor of the 
Hon. Oliver Pillsbury of Concord, a member of Gov. Ber- 
ry's council. The regiment was mustered in September 5 
and left for the field September 22. It was put under 
command of Col. Michael T. Donohoe, then a captain in 
the Third regiment which was stationed in South Carolina. 

An immense fair wliich continued three days was held 
May 14, 15 and 16, 1863, in aid of the Sanitary Commis- 
sion, wliich was employed in the relief of the soldiers at 
the front, and a little over four thousand dollars was raised. 

The quota of Manchester under the call of August 4, 
1862, for three hundred thousand men was four hundred 
and twenty. One hundred and fifty beyond its previous 
quota were already in the field and thus only two hundred 
and seventy were left to be raised. In this state of affairs 
the wards formed organizations and raised funds to procure 
substitutes, prominent citizens who were exempt from duty 
hired men to fill the quota and at length the city govern- 
ment voted, October 4, 1863, to pay every man who was 
drafted three hundred, dollars which he might use to pro- 
cure a substitute or retain as a bounty if he was willing to 
enlist. So that when the draft took place, October 6, 1863, 
very few of the drafted went to the field. 

March 29, 1864, the city offered a bounty of one hun- 
dred and fifty dollars to all veterans who re-enlisted, and 
many then in the field re-entered the service when their 
terms expired. The Manchester National Guards, under 




yK^^/n^Oyn^ x/a^-^^Zyh^^ 



Manchester in the Rebellion. 345 

Capt. James 0. Cliaudler, were mustered into service May 
9, 1864, for a period of sixty days and ordered to service 
at Fort Constitution in Portsmouth harbor. They were 
mustered out July 27. The Martin Guards, under Capt. 
George C. Houghton, were mustered into service July lio, 
1864, for ninety days and sent to Fort Constitution. 
When their term of service expired, they re-enlisted and 
became the tenth company of the First regiment of heavy 
artillery. In August, 1864, a company of heavy artillery 
was raised here by Capt. James 0. Chandler. Manchester 
was also represented in all the military organizations 
which formed part of New Hampshire's quota, with the 
exception of the Thirteenth and Seventeenth regiments. 

Among the inevitable results of the war was great suffer- 
ing among the sick and wounded near the front, and in the 
last years of the struggle the states established hospitals 
of their own and brought to them the sick and wounded 
who I>elonged to their regiments. In accordance with 
this plan one was established in Manchester in the fall of 
1864. It was called the Webster United States General 
Hospital, and Dr. Alexander T. Watson of New York was 
the surgeon in charge. Among his' assistants were Dr. 
Richard J. P. Goodwin and the late Dr. William W. Brown, 
both of Manchester, and Dr. William A. Webster, formerly 
of this city. Mrs. Eliza P. Stone and Mrs. M. Jennie 
Buncher, both of this city, were appointed to have charge 
of the cooking and diet, receiving commissions from the 
United States October 25, 1864, and taking up their resi- 
dence at the hospital. They were assisted by the late Mrs. 
Hannah G. Moore, of this city, Miss Elizabeth J. Dudley, 
now of Jamaica Plain, Mass., Miss Mary J. Knowles, now of 
Nashua. Hospital buildings were built upon the trotting- 
park, some of which still remain, which would accommodate 
six hunded patients and they were generally full. The Hon. 
Alpheus Gay, now mayor of the city, and John C. Young 

09 



346 Manchester. 

built them on contract for thirtj-nine thousand five hundred 
dollars. They were opened for the reception of patients 
November 16, 1864, and closed in September, 1865. During 
that time there were about fifteen hundred patients in all, 
of whom thirteen died at tlie hospital. Religious services 
were held there Sundays and it was frequently visited by 
the citizens, who took a great deal of interest in it. 

The war came to an end in 1865 and the regiments grad- 
ually came back from the field. The Tenth, Twelfth and 
Thirteenth were received together June 27 at Manchester. 
They were escorted in procession through the streets and a 
collation was furnished them in a grove in the rear of the 
city hall. Speeches of congratulation were made by Col. 
Thomas J. Whipple, the Hon. Daniel Clark, Gen. Michael 
T. Donohoe, Gen. Aaron F. Stevens and others. The 
Fourth did not come home till August 30, when it met a 
most enthusiastic reception at Smyth's hall, being wel- 
comed in behalf of the city by the Hon. Frederick Smyth, 
then governor of the state, the Hon. Daniel Clark and 
others. 

After the war there was a commission appointed by the 
state to compile a roll of all the men who enlisted in New 
Hampshire and to credit them to the cities and towns 
which could prove that they enlisted as part of their quota. 
The list which follows, derived from that source and from 
others, gives the names of all who could be proved to have 
enlisted from Manchester, and of a few others taken from 
the original muster-rolls. It is followed by a list of those 
who were field, staff or line officers when they were muster- 
ed out. 



The Manchester Soldiers. 347 

The Manchester Soldiers. 



FIRST REGIMENT. 

Richard N. Batchekler, Quartcnuasler ; Francis II, Pike, Fife- 
Major. 

COMPANY C. 

John L. Kelly, Martin V. B. Richardson, Charles O. Jennison, 
Michael OTIynn. William Mayiie, Robert Loyd, Patrick Bohan, 
Charles J. Andrews, Charles H. Allen, James W. Atherton, 
Abraham Brown, Frank Jiurr, Jerome Blaisdell, William H. II. 
Black, Henry Bonrrell, Charles A. Cressey, Haskell P. Coffin, 
Francis Cahill, Charles Conner, Thomas F. Cary, Francis II. Con- 
ner, John \V. Chirk, George 11. Champlin, Auijustus B. Caswell, 
Charles H. Demerrett, Edward O. Dodsje, John M. Evans, Page 
Gould, John (rardner, Jolm Goft*, Daniel Gile, Marshall Tlutchins, 
Frank B. Hackett, William W. Haselton, Joseph Haselton, Sum- 
ner A. Hodgkins, Dennis Hynes, Daniel Kidder, Frank L. Ken- 
dall, John L. Lear, William Major, Charles Mace, jr., Alden E. 
Metcalf, Charles H. ^lorrison, Frederick G, Manning, Michael 
Marden. William F. Ordway, Samuel W. Pierc'e, Robert Richards, 
Albert E. Rogers, George F. Rennett, James Rooney, George W. 
Ringlar, David W. Rollins, Edmund T. Reynolds, Noble Squares, 
Charles H. Sanborn, Adtlison W. Tobie, George Weaver, George 
W. Wells, Thomas Welch, Robert McAnalsey, Peter O'Brien, 
Edwin F. Baldwin. 

COMPANY H. 
William H. D. Cochrane, Christian Spicer, Ernest Weinhold. 

COMPANY K. 
Hollis O. Dudley. 

SECOND REGIMENT. 

Thomas P. Pierce, Colonel; Samuel G. Langley, Adjutant; 
Sylvanus Bunton, Surgeon. 

COMPANY A. 

Charles D. Tuttle, John C. Benarchad, Albert Lovett, Patrick 
McGrath. Alexander Belhc. John W. Riley, Julius A. Alexander, 
Thomas Adams, John Coleman. 

COMPANY B. 

George Nelson, Thomas Kenney, Charles Donnolly, George 
Coyle, Albert Kaison, George Bullen, John Cammel, Michael Col- 
liffan. 



348 Manchester. 

COMPANY C. 

Michael Mullins, John Smith, David Brown, James H. Piatt, 
Richard A. Lawrence, lienj. F. Chase, Alvin L. Wigsin, Frank 
O Rolnnson, Alfred W. Berham, l^emuel M. Cox, Abner H. 
Clement, David W. Colburn. Frederick R. Allen, John A. Barker, 
Charles W. Brown, William Calef, Henry F. Carey, John H. Cole, 
Harvey M. Coll\v, Andrew M. Connel, George W. Craig, Hazen 
Davis, jr., John Davis, Frederick W. Dearborn, Thiu'Iow A. 
Emerson, Henry H. Everett, Bernard J. Farley, William Fitzger- 
ald, Barnett E. Fowler, Charles L. Fiench, George R. Hanson, 
Cornelins Hastings, AVilliam M. Holmes, John Adams, William 
Brown, Daniel Duftee, George Dexter, James Griffin, George Gil- 
bert, James Howard, Thomas Jones, William Jones, William Kel- 
ley, Thomas Lockhart, Peter Lawson, Lewis Severence, Daniel 
Murry, John Xewton, James Peaks, William Davis, Lewis Fistte, 
Charles A. McLanflin, Harvey ILll, William Hudson, James J. 
Lord, John A. Mason, Elijah Morse, Charles McGlanghlin, 
George F. Perry, George Pickup, Timothy H. Pike, Jonathan C. 
Quiml)y, John E. Richards, George H. Sargent, Alfred J. Sanborn, 
William Smith, .John M. Stearns, Alvin^R. Smith, Horatio IST. 
Stevens, Laroy D. Sherburne, Charles L. Tabor, William H. Til- 
ton, George B. Tattle, Franklin R. Tucker, Franklin F. Wether- 
bee. 

COMPANY D. 

James Dalton, William Flynn, George Schultz, Thomas Smith, 
John Thompson, Arthur McGinniss, Earnest Waltham, Samuel 
Woods, John McDonald, John Gibson, James Johnson, William 
Conner, John Lane, 

COMPANY E. 

John Gartley, James Tracey, John Miller, Thomas Riley, Ter- 
rence Riley, Henry Schwenke, Edward Smith, John Costelle. 

COMPANY F. 

Joseph Lemmons, John Jarchan, Henry Benton, Henry Brank, 
James Cunningham, John Donnoll}-, George McCormick, Charles 
Mason. 

COMPANY G. 

Andrew Quinn, William Brown, William S. ]3ennett, Andrew 
Christensen, Michael Corcoran, Charles Elliott, William H. 
French, (duster Jackson, John Peters, AVilliam Steele, Charles 
Smith, John Travis. 

COMPANY H. 

Thomas Beatry, George P. Williams. Frank A. Eastman, Abial 
A. Hannaford, Lucius Farmer, Henry J. Flanders, Nathaniel F. 
Swett, Joseph Tallen. 



The Manchester Soldiers. 349 

COMPAJ^^Y I. 

David M. Porkins. Rodney- A. Maimiiisj:, Thorndikc P. TTeath, 
William II. GritHn, Ilazeii IJ". Martin, Edward L. Uailcy, Josoph A. 
Iluhhard, O.scar A. Moar, Albion Sinionds, Albert E. Sliolfs, Arthur 
E. Hiickininstcr, Perkins C. Lane, Charles ^'^i(•kery, Charles 11. 
Smiley. Stejihen J. .Smiley, Samuel T. Newcdl, Daniel W. Newell, 
William II. Appletou. layman M. Aldrieh, James (J. Burns, Frank 
M. Boulelle, Nieholas M. Bi,i;lin, James li. Carr, John S. Calley, 
Leonard B. Corliss, Jesse E. Dewey, George B. Damon, Lyman 
A. Diekey, Moses L. Eastman, Orrin S. Gardner, Joseph II. 
Gleasou, Norman E. Gunnison, Eugene G. Ilazewell, Martin A. 
Ilaynes, Charles T. Hardy, Luther P. Hubbard, James M. House, 
Moses A. Hunkins, Edgar D. Kenaston, George F. Lawrence, 
.fohn E. Ogden, Samuel II. Oliver, Charles F. Parrott, Henry m! 
Pill.sbury, Solon F. Porter, Albert B. Robinson, Levi II. Sleeper, 
jr., Josiah S. Swain, William W. Wood, Charles B. Wright. 

COMPANY K. 

Benjamin F. Ashton, Charles G. Sargent, James Curley. 

COMPANY UNKNOWN. 

Samuel Kaskie, Charles Wing, John Williams, William G. 
Stark, James Dounolly. 

THIRD REGIMENT. 

Alvin H. Libby. Adjutant; Henry Hill, Chaplain; Harrison B. 
Wing, Principal Musician. 

COMPANY A. 

Rufus F. Clark, John R. Hynes, Ruthven W. Houghton, Frank 
L. Morrill, Charles A. White, Roger W. Woodbury, Thomas John- 
son, John N. Chase, Amos D. Baker, Thomas T. Moore, George E. 
Johnson, Richard T. Holland, Samuel George, John W. E\\ans* 
John M. Evans, William Hammet, James Sullivan, George j] 
Woodman, Albert G. Dane, George H. Webster, Eli E. Bo\nnan, 
Samuel D. Brelstbrds, David Eryant, James G. Fernald, Charles' 
O. Ferson, Edward Shehan, John F. Stokes, William E. Hamnett, 
William L. Bennett, Ira J. Adams, Haskell W. Bantill, Charles n! 
Buckman, George W. Bridgeham, AVilliam O. D. Brown, Harrison 
S. Cass, Robert A. Challis^ Albert N. Clough, Daniel F. Colby, 
Harrison J. Copp, Gideon Coty, H. J. Cummings, Charles O. r'. 
Davis, Joseph Dupray, Charles' O. Emery, Charles O. Ferson. W. 
W. Flanders, John Flood, George T. Fogg, Thomas F. Gay. Albert 
George, Charles O. Gibson, Charles Gilbert, Walter A. Green, Cyrus 
Gorman, John W. Goodwin, Thomas Hanson, Henry T. Hatch 
John Houseman, William S. Ilodgman, Andrew J. Htdmes, Wil- 
liam II. Huntress, William M. Karney, George II. Lawrence, Luke 
Leaf, George W. Lee, Sanuiel II. Little, Nathaniel Marshall, James 
McEwen, David H. Newton, Stephen W. Niles, Austin E. Perrv 



350 Manchester. 

James D. Proiulman, William H. Kamsey, John H. Sanders, George 
H. Webster, Hiram C. Squires, Collins P. Tebbetts, Leander White, 
John E. Whitten, A\^illiam H. Carter, George S. Thomas, Edward 
Reynolds, Alpheus Chickering. 

COMPANY C. 

John Kerwin, Michael J. Connelly, Thomas Casey, Hugh Duf- 
fey, Matthew J3yrns, John Casey, John McClemens, John Crosbie, 
Eugene Cadorath, John Eagan, Timothy Healey, Robert O'Con- 
nell, Michael E. A Galvin. Thomas Mc^Eury, Michael T. Dcmo- 
hoe, Robert II. Allen, Walter Cody. Joseph J. Douohoe, James 
Wilson, John Curran, Byi'on Costello, Patrick Larkin, John 
Mclntire, Daniel Mahoney, David Moore, Peter Pelkey, James 
Quinlan, James Smith. Lewis Potter, Charles Hall, Stephen Welsh, 
Dustin Marshall, AVilliam Allen. Peter Smith, Joseph Potter, 
Edwin CBrien, Francis Sheridan, William Sprague. Edmund 
Hackett, George Alien, AVilliam Baker, John Bai-rett, John Booth, 
George H. Briggs, David Bryant, J>ernard Farry, James Hender- 
son, Robert P. Murry, George A. Woodburn, Samuel Whittaker, 
James Welch. 

COMPANY D. 

William H. Maxwell. 

COMPANY F, 

George Stearns, James B. F. Towns. 

COMPANY G. 

Charles Gilbert. 

COMPANY H. 

Charles F. French, Henry B. Eastman, Henry C. Page, Charles 
Harvey, Jacob Boutells, Albert Blood, Charles F. Burnham, John 
S. Cole, Edward Cotter, John B. Davis, William II. Foster, Frank 
Ferren, William Gracy, David Gracy, Levi Gardner, Charles E. 
Harris, William H. Hill, Franklin Ilalladay, W^illiam E. Handy, 
Isaac H. Kingsbury, Roliert (J. Dow, Henry F. Hopkins, Morris 
Hennessy, Robert Vincent, Walter J, Richards, Eben R. Adams, 
David A. Page, Julius Griggs, Lanson Blake, Daniel N. AtAvood, 
Americas Briggs, Albert H. Lockwood, James O'Neil, Albert H. 
Stevens, Don:iid Smith, William Todd, James Walsh, George Bai- 
lev, John Crowson, Peter Quigley, William H. Knox, William H. 
Knowlton, Daniel Luce, Alexander Le Mudge, Alden E. Metcalf, 
Daniel S. Morrison, Charles Morgan, Jerome B. McQueston, 
George Murdough, Timothy Parker, ^Valter J. Richard, James C. 
Roach, Albert H. Stevens, Volnev F. Simmons, Joseph H. Wallace, 
Anson T. Williams, Patrick Woods, I^itnck Welch. 

COMPANY I. 
William Johnson, David Earles, William G. Nichols. 



The Manchester Soldiers. 351 

COMPANY K. 

Edwiu Brackott, James H. A. A. Stead, John Whitney, Francis 
Boynton, Thomas Rohinson, Andrew McNeil, Thomas Thomasou, 
Varniun II. Hill, Corwin G. Parker. 

FOURTH REGIMENT. 

John L. Kelly, Quartermaster; Benjamin F. Fogg, Commis- 
sary Sergeant. 

BAND. 

Walter Dignam, Francis H. Pike, Henry Murphy, Lemuel H. 
James, John O'Brien. Alonzo Buutin, Frederick T. Page, Samuel 

A. Porter, John Harrington, William Dignam, Eugene K. Foss, 
H. Augustus Simouds, Eliphalet Dustin, John Googin, Orrin N. 

B. Stokes, Henry Lewis, James A. F'arnham, Reinhold T. Trum- 
blum. 

COMPANY A. 

Patrick McGee, Augustus Steuger. 

COMPANY B. 
Martin J. Staunton, Martin V. B. Richardson. 

COMPANY C. 

Jackson Dustin, Joseph L. C. Miller, Perley B. Rand, George 
D. Stiles, George S. Tuck, William O. Woodbridge, George M. 
Kidder, Cornelius E. Parker, Robert A. Seaver, Daniel W. Rol- 
lins, Eben H. Nutting, Alauson W. Barney, William G. Burke, 
Daniel W. Knox, John Lovett, Byron Putnam, William E. Robin- 
son, Chauncey Smith. 

COMPANY D. 
Charles O. Jennison. 

COMPANY E. 

Frank B. Hutchinson, Cyrus H. Hubbard, Charles H. Reed, 
Stephen Kendrick, Charles Whiting, Edward O. Hill, Thomas L. 
Newell, Francis W. Parker, Andrew J. Edgerly, John H. Baker, 
Alvard E. Wilson, Charles M. Whiting, Robert Hume, Edwin 
Vreathersfield, Lyman Wyman, Charles Brackett, John Malone, 
John L. Mack, James M. Dickey, John Lynch, Anson E. Hall, 
Frank A. Allen, Edson Wyman, Horace G. Heath, Woodbury Wy- 
man, John G. Hutchinson, Horatio N. Bickford, George F. Davis, 
Charles H. Williams, George W. Williams, Frank Matthews, Oscar 
Perkins, Orrin Corrigan, William H. Webster, Charles A. Newton, 
Hermann Greager, Thomas S. Burns, Emory Wyman, Michael 
Curdy, Carleton C. Richardson, William K. Cobb, Henry C. Os- 
good, John P. Smith, Chai'les A. Newton, John G. Hutchinson, 



352 Manchester. 

Charles II. Allon, William H. H. Allen, Francis A. Allen. Rufus 
Bailey. William Eimiier, James M. Ciimminns. Patrick Castless, 
Isaac K. Colby, Charles A. Cressey, Owen Coriiren. Joseph P. 
Cressey, Amos Cressey, George E. Dunell, James M. Dickey, jr., 
Daniel Emery. John Fallon, Alpheus D. Flaij. William Gunn'eil, 
James F. Griffin. Georye II. Harris, William IlasTerty. John IIo- 
bert. John Ilaekett, William li. Hart, Charles IL Lee, Jf.hn 
Lynch, Charles C. Livingston. Lewis S. Merrill, James Mockler, 
Harlan E. Page, Levi Putnam, Thomas P. Philhrook, IJenjamin 
F. Quiml)y, Daniel S. Russell, Henry K. Richardson, George W. 
Rohinson. Larkin Sargent, John Stewart, Joseph T, Snow, Benja- 
min Spauldiug. 

COMPAXY F. 

William Haskell, Charles L. Brown, James Murphy. 

COMPANY G. 

Peter O'Brien, Lyford Hunt, Michael Shaunnessey, Dennis 
Hines, William II. Brooks, James M. Fogg, John Gardner, John 
E. Gerry, Charles C Marsh, John Mullen, Michael Madden, Dana 
Runels,'Deunis Walsh, William Beede, Edward Fields, Thomas J. 
Galvin, Patrick Conway, Amos W. Brown, Morris Foley, Dennis 
Gile, Zebina Atinis, John Smith, Stejjhen C. Chapman, Frank 
Buss, Elbridge Geary, Patrick Dowd, Richard Smith, Charles P. 
Gleason, Peter O'Brien, Jerome lilaisdell, Francis Cahill. George 
A. Runnels, James M. Allen, Michael Brosnahau, William H. 
Brooks, James Merrow, Frederick D. Wood. Jeremiah Spelan, 
George II. Stewart, Charles T. Marden, Patrick Broderick, Ter- 
reoce Trawley, William Gunston, Jeremiah Kelleher. John Pick- 
ett, Daniel Sullivan, William Sullivan, Cornelius Sullivan, Owen 
Tully, Lawrence Hern, Michael McIIugh, John Smith. Richard 
Smith, John Frank, Peter Williamson, William H. Thompson, 
Patrick Broderick, Almos Cushing, Patrick Donnelly, James Don- 
ovan, Benjamin F. Fogg, Edward Field, James Ferry, Thomas 
Follen, Hiram B. Frost, Louis J, Gillis, James Garman, Dennis 
Hoynes, John Howard, Cornelius Kennedy, Dennis Keefe, James 
Larkin, John O. Mason, Charles C. Marsh, Patrick McDonald, 
James Melasky, Charles Marden, Frank Quiun, John Quinn, James 
Quinn, Patrick Quinn, William II. Reynolds, Michael Reardon, 
Timothy Reardon, Martiu J. Staunton, Ashel Stoddard, Abraham 
S. Sanborn, John Shea, Dennis Tehan, Francis B. Wille}', Dennis 
Walch, Clark E. Wilson, John Walch, John Murphy, Owen Tulley. 

COMPANY H. 

William Bonner, Orren Bush, Daniel H. May, Charles II. Bart- 
lett, Samuel D. Marckrey, Bartholomew Maloney, Curtis R. Hartly. 

COMPANY I. 

George W. Stevens, Ephraim F. Brigham, Jonathan P. Nich- 
ols, John II. Powers, Herman Nichols, Benjamin K. Quimby, 
Benjamin H. Smith, Benjamin W. Smith, Enoch C. Stevens. 




^^('^._^z 




The Manchester Soldiers. 353 

COMPAKY K. 

Job R. Giles, Harvey M. Weed, Charles L. Batchelder, Charles 
M. Currier, Cieori^c W. llackett, Israel N. Gale, Samuel B. Mace, 
James Wyman, Albert (t. Ormsby, Clinton Farley. John F. Davis, 
George E. Fiteli, John liiirry, Benjamin Welch, Robert Clayton, 
George W. .Stevens, Morris C. Wiggin, Samuel M. Dole, William 
II. Sanborn, Monroe Stevens, Joseph Wallace, Fernando C. Spauld- 
ing, Benjamin Hartshorn, William S. Barker, Joseph W. Bailey, Al- 
bert Cass, Edward Dolton, James Fern, Frank A. Garland, Charles 

A, Hackett. Frederick W. Lougee, Patrick O'Connell, Nelson J. 
Pierce, William II. Perkins. Horace J. Parker, William Shever 
Horatio H. Stevens, Henry D. Tompkins, George Wyman, Joshua 

B. Webster. 

COMPANY UNKNOWN. 
James H. German, William Hall, William A. Viltman. 

FIFTH REGIMENT. 

Samuel G. Langley, Lieutenant-Colonel. 

COAIPANY A. 
Thomas Brown, John Evans, Charles Taylor, Alfred Brown. 

COMPANY B. 

George Stanton, Frank Howard, Thomas Knight, James O'Con- 
nell, Alex. Ross, William Hickman, John Myers. 

COMPANY E. 

Walter Summerfield, George E. Houghton, Oscar E. Carter, 
Cornelius H. Stone. 



George B. Jenness. 
Thomas Smith. 



COMPANY F. 
COMPANY G. 
COMPANY H. 



Warren Clark, Samuel T. Smith, James Stetson, George Brad- 
ley, Abram Cameron, Edward Choppenger. 

COMPANY I. 

George Nichols. 

COMPANY UNKNOWN. 
Walter Barnes, Hila Davis, Thomas Burns, Thomas B. Langley. 



354 Manchester. 

SIXTH REGIMENT. 

COMPANY A. 

Charles White, Charles B. Seavey. 

COMPANY B. 

Charles J. Gardner, Edward E. Barnett, Charles L. Davenport, 
Allison Towns. 

COMPANY D. 

John Fitch. 

COMPANY K. 

Ti Tison, Owen Kelley. 

COMPANY UNKNOWN. 

Lafayette Pettingill. 

SEVENTH REGIMENT. 

Joseph C. Abbott, Lieutenant-Colonel; William W. Brown, 
Surgeon ; Henry Boy n ton, Assistant Surgeon. 

COMPANY A. 

Nicholas C4ill, Granville P. Mnson, Edward May, Virgil H. Cate, 
William C. Knowlton, James Williams, Oliver P. Hanscom, James 
Appleton, Benjamin F. Clark, John S. Merrill, Granville L. Ful- 
ler, Henry Burke, John Hobin, Charles H. Hall, William R. 
Thompson, Henry S. Benton. 

COMPANY B. 
Charles H. Dwinnels, Alfred B. Shemenway, Henry G. Lowell. 

COMPANY C. 
Robert Rochester, Charles F. G. Ames, Patrick Crosby. 

COMPANY D. 
Frank Moore, James Collins, John Allen. 

COMPANY E. 

Henry F. W. Little, George F. Robie, Michael Dean, Charles 
G. Pyee, Henry C. Dickey, Joseph Blanchett, Lewis Ash, George 
W. Putnam, Louis Seymour, Erlan V. Villingham, Charles H. 
Abbott. 



The Manchester Soldiers. 355 

COMPANY F. 

Francis M. Kennison, Thomas Gilmore, John Harking. 

COMPANY G. 
Walter McDonald, Patrick O. Day, James Doherty. 

COMPANY 




^ Jolui Hennessey, Newell R. 

Bixby, Benjamin F. Clark. 

COMPANY K. 
Henry Osborn, James A. Hills, Henry T. Robbins. 

COMPANY UNKNOWN. 
Warren E. F. Brown, James Spinnington, William Hall. 

EIGHTH REGIMENT. 

Hawkes Fearing, jr., Colonel; Charles A. Putney, Quartermas- 
ter. 

COMPANY A. 

Robert Jones, James Murry, James S. Monroe. 

COMPANY B. 

Robert Keefe, Thomas Harrison, Frederick Lunt, Joseph S. Ab- 
bott, Charles Mills, James Wilson, John Lawton, Alonzo W. Flan- 
ders, William Waugh. 

COMPANY C. 

John Bradley, Joseph Collins, George Darling, William H. In- 
graham, William Moore, Thomas Rhodes, John Shairbartt, Henry 
J. Warren, Daniel McCarty, John Collins, Edward M. Cobb, Gus- 
tavus Olson, Thomas Connelly, Cornelius Healy, jr., William J. 
Gannon, William Jones, Lawrence Foley, Edward Boyle, Michael 
Healey, Dennis O'Brien, Thomas Gannon, Jeremiah Driscoll, 
Thomas Fitzgerald, John Harrington, Daniel Haggerty, Patrick 
Kelley, John Smith, Thomas J. Fitzgerald, John Milan, Howard 
Judkins, Timothy Breen, Thomas Blake, Patrick Bohen, James 
H. Ballon, James Flynn, Francis Kelley, John Mullin, James T. 
Martin, Peter A. l?«hedd, Cornelius Crowley, John Collins, Michael 
Carney, Patrick Conner, John Delaney, Peter Doherty, James 
Daley, John Dowd, Patrick Driscoll, John Fowler, John Flem- 



356 Manchester. 

ming, Morrice Fitzgerald, Thomas Flaherty, Thomas Fl}-nn, Mi- 
chael Fox, John Gibbous, Patrick Gleasoii, John Gallagher, Ber- 
nard Gallagher, Peter Gaftrey, Michael Grifiin, John Ilartnett, 
Patrick Harrington, John Howe, Patrick Henlihen, James Mc- 
Nally, Timothy McCarthy, Hugh McDermott. John McCarthy, 
Dennis Murphy, William Mclntire, Daniel Mclntire, Michael 
Murry, James Martin, Patrick Crosby, Daniel jMcMillen, John 
Murphy, James H. McDonald, Edward McCabe, Timothy Mahoney, 
Michael Martin, Hugh Mclntire, Daniel McXally, William O'Don- 
nell, Michael O'Xeil, Timothy O'Conner, Felix O'aSTeil, James 
Palmer. Pati'ick lieagan, William 8hea. Michael Savage, Martin 
Shea, Michael Sullivan, Michael Shea, Patrick Sullivan, jr., Pat- 
rick Sullivan, Joseph St. John, Matthew Taft, John Walsh, Stephen 
Tobin. 

COMPANY D. 

James Miles, Joseph J. Ladd, Thomas M. Leavitt, William E. 
Hubbard, Hiram D. Kidder, John H. Austin, Theodore L. Page, 
John C. Aldrich, Francis Gilbert, John E. Knox. Israel J. Lang- 
maid, Barnabas B. Russell, Daniel Stevens, Josial^ Limbury. Car) 
Miller, Charles Meger, Francis Daven2)ort, Richard J. Holmes, 
Patrick Sullivan, Watson D. Bean, Charles Conwa3\ John Gora, 
Rodolph Heltieich, Peter Miller, Daniel Wyman, William McCann, 
James Miles, Curtis Smith, Jacob F. Chandler, John B. Willard, 
John H. Austin, John C. Aldrich, George Hope, Joseph A. Spear, 
Samuel Weston, Thomas M. Leavitt. 

COMPANY E, 

James Higgins, Benjamin Schuyler, James Bruther, Charles J. 
Mace, Charles F. Smith, Walter Veasey, Benjamin F. Philbrick, 
Thomas H. Rogers, James F. W. Fletcher, William E. Brown, 
Nathan IL Pierce, Sylvester Clogston, John Dickey, Charles Ker- 
shann, George S. Mclntire, Thomas A. Plummer, John H. Rob- 
inson. 

COMPANY F. 

Augustus C. Annis, Cyrus S. Burpee, Charles E. Rowe, George 
F. Dunbar, John F. P. Robie, George W. Allen, George G. Blake, 
Jerry W. Blye, Elisha T. Quimby, ( •harles P. Stevens, Edwin R. 
Stevens, Ralph Stone, Daniel Kirby, John Fogg, Enos Shehan, 
James Linery, John Smith, Augustus C. Ames, Henry H. Dun- 
bar, John F. P. Raley, James Senter, John Burns. 

COMPANY G. 

Charles Cook, Joseph Crawford, Charles Davis, Edward B. 
Leonard, John Milan, Thomas G.Fitzgerald, Henry Thompson, 
Jehiel Thompson, Marcus M. Currier, Marcus M. Tiittle, Robert 
N. Colley, Albert A. M. L. Young. 

COMPANY H. 
George Dunham, Charles Meyers, F. H. Conner, James Sulli- 



The Manchester Soldiers. 357 

van, James II:izz:\r(l, Dennis Lane, John Winahan, Patrick Man- 
ning, John O'Brien, Miehael Snllivan, James Lane, Charles Meier, 
Jt)l>n Willctt. John AVilliiuns, Daniel Kyhan, Isaac Allen, Augus- 
tus JJruU. John II. Camphell, Josejjh Cami.hell, Thomas P. Crow- 
ley John Crowley, Manui'l Floris, Joseph Hamner. James Kelley, 
Patrick McLauohlin. William Palmer, Philip Ray, William Strong, 
AVilliam Towle," Solomon Vradenl)urgh, Tobias C. lirnmmcr, John 
Connell, Frederick (Taitna,Panl Gray, Samuel Jones, Peter ]SIiller, 
Harris Stanley, John White, John Williams, George M. Gilman. 

COMPANY K. 

Dennis F. G. Lyons, Cornelius Moriarty, Francis H. Conner, 
Timothy Kourke. John Kelleher, Robert Swiney, Michael O'Grady. 
Patrick" Dowd, Jonathau Hartshcn-n, Bartholomew Moriarty. James 
Hazard, Ezra S. Bartlett, Patrick Brosnahan, Patrick Burke, Mi- 
ehael Broderick, Thomas Brennan, John Casey, Patrick Cuddy, 
Daniel Curran, Michael Corcoran, Maurice Deyine, Thomas Do- 
herty, Patrick Desmond, Samuel E. Emery, Thomas Fox, Michael 
Farraiugton, ]Michael Finncan, Charles II. Gorman, John Gritlin, 
James tlennesey, John Harriman, AHred J. Ilarriman, Sylvester 
Harriman, John^Harwood, John Holland, Patrick Kearin, William 
Keaf'e, Thomas Kane, Michael Kenney, Timothy Kearin, John 
Lattimer, Joseph Leafe, James Edwards, George Husted, George 
Martin, Thomas Robinson, Rowell T. Libby, Charles Williams, 
William Gushe, James Hill, James McCormick, John Mullen, Pat- 
rick Looney, Jan)es Meagher, Thomas Murphy. Edward Metti- 
mus, Michael Mahoney, Michael Mullen. Dennis MeCarty, Patrick 
[Manning, Eugene Moriarty, Patrick McKean, Cornelius Moriarty, 
Dennis McCarty, William' D. O'Conner, Dennis O'Sullivan, John 
O'Brien, Charles O'Conner, Richard Phelan, John F. Pettiugall, 
Patrick Regan, William Rourke. Elbridge Reed, W^illiam Smyth, 
James Sullivan, John Sullivan, Michael Sullivan, John Shea, 1st, 
John Shea, 2d, Patrick Shea, Philip Shugree, John Thornton. 

COMPANY UNKNOWN. 

George M. Gilman. 

NINTH REGIMENT. 

William A. Webster, Surgeon. 

COMPANY A. 

Ira S. Al)hott, James Murry, Lewis Meyers, Joseph T. Morrill, 
Henry F. Jefts, William A. McGarnet, Lewis T. Mitchell, Na- 
thaniel Webster, Drew A. Sanborn, George W. Randall. 

COMPANY B. 

Warren H. Edmunds, Joseph H. Wallace, Joseph E. Hartshorn, 
Jeremiah Carroll, Lorenzo B. Gould, Henry N. Howe, Arthur W. 
Caswell, James T. Prescott, Mathew P. Tennant, Henry N. Wil- 
ley, Frento T. Eastman, James H. Shanley, William N. Harnden. 



358 Manchester. 

COMPANY C. 

William Welpley. 

COMPANY D. 
John E. Mason, George G. Armstrong. 

COMPANY E. 

ITenrv O. Sargent, Cyrus B. Norris, Asa Brown, Amos S. Bean, 
William C. Flanders, John B. Hoit, F. B. Hackett, Joseph E. 
Provencher, Eno(;h O. Shepherd. 

COMPANY F. 

Charles P. Welsh, James Eobston, James M. Lathe, William A. 
Canfield, Hiram S. Lathe, Oliver Buckminster, Charles A. Cum- 
mings, Charles A. Carlton, Freeman L. Lathe, Sylvester J. Hill, 
William P. Mason, Augustine M. Westcott. 

COMPANY G. 

John Antles, Henry Edwards, John Smith. 

COMPANY H. 



Mans L. Chase. 
Jacob Krusa. 

James Gordon. 
Alonzo L. Day, 



COMPANY I. 

COMPANY K. 

COMPANY UNKNOWN. 

TENTH REGIMENT. 



Michael T. Donohoe, Colonel; John Coughlin, Lieutenant- 
Colonel; Jesse F. Angell, Major. 

COMPANY A. 

Ichabod S. Bartlett, Andrew W. Doe, John B. Sargent, Hiram 
S. Barnes, Alfred G. Simons, William H. Allen, Orrin A. Clough, 
James B. T. Baker, Warren A. Burrell, Frazer A. Wasley, Charles 
B. Chapman, Isaac Quint, Daniel Atwood, Charles W. Atwood, 
Miles Aldricli, Joseph W. Batchelder, Warren Batchelder, Joseph 
Bailey, Henry A. Bailey, Daniel S. Butler, Hiram H. Currier, 
Hiram O. Chase, John C. Crowley, Alfred A. Clough, John A. 
Cochrane, George W. Conner, George A. Clark, Ira P. Emery, 
Nelson C. Fish, Daniel S. Gilnian, Elbridge G. Gammon, Justin 
Hutchinson, James II. Harris, George IL Hall, Dexter L. Hun- 



The Manchester Soldiers. 369 

toon, Horace, Ilolconib, James S. Hutchinson, Henry Hartley, 
Ehenezer A. Johnson, Edwin R. Jones, MorseU-y W. KeiKh-ieks, 
CharU'S I^. Morrison, Georire AV. Newell, John Pondon, Zara Saw- 
yer, Septinnis Starks, Daniel F. Stark, Henry M. Sanborn, An- 
drew J. Wentworth, Allred Wheeler, John C. Worstcr, Charles C. 
"Webster, Uenjaniin F. Knowlton, Tristram Cilley, Koyal Cheeley, 
Charles W.Smith, Michael Honberry, "William K. Stevens, Al- 
brum P. ('oll)y, Charles C. Baleh. Charles Bonnor, Wilson A. 
]>artlett, Stillman P. Cannon, Georj^e Carlton, John Crosby, Jere- 
miah Connor, Israel W. Chase, Joseph Demarse, Jeremiah C. 
Allen, Frank Hutchinson, Thomas Trumbull, William A. Barrett. 

COMPANY C. 

Michael Doran, John W. Davis, Charles E. Strain, William 
Doran, Orrin F. Emerson, Henry Esmerie, Patrick F. Fox, 
Georiije W. Graves, AVilliam W. Hazelton, William W. Hersey, 
AVilliam Hulm, Samuel L. Mitchell, William O. Heath, Dav'id 
Kisb}^ George B. Lewis, Charles H. Mayhew, Joseph O. Melie, 
Delano Prescott, .Joseph Perkins, David A. Quimby, David L. 
Ridley, Edwin O. Smith, Patrick Sheffree, Charles E. Sargent, 
Owen Sullivan, Martin Toole, Barnard Untret, AVilliam W. AA'hite, 
Henry AA^alley, Henry O. Merrill, Albert F. Nelson, Hanson Tip- 
pett, William F. Ordway, John aMurphy. Marshall Hutchins, Still- 
man B. Hazelton, Joseph R. Hazelton, Charles Johnson, Jr., 
Charles H. Leonard, Cornelius AV. Strain. 

COMPANY D. 

A. O. Ambody, Daniel B. Abbott, Andrew Dunn, Michael Dal- 
ton, Francis Dubin, Charles W. Foss, Rufus B. Hall, Edward 
Loverly, John A. Mason, George AV. Madden, Joseph C. Osgood, 
Joseph Peno, Zelotus L. Plac'e, Henry L. Quimby, Moses E. 
Quimby, Thomas B. Quimby, M. E. Raymond, George H. AA^y- 
man, George N. AVheeler, James J. BJUdwin, Isaac Mitchell, 
James Robinson, John Murphy, Alex. Campbell, Charles H. 
Gardner, Michael F. Corcoran, John M. Caswell. 

COMPANY E. 

John Martin. 

COMPANY F. 

John Bary, Eldad Butler, Oliver Burns, James Boyle, Patrick 
Curran, Wiggin Connolly, Jeremiah Cochran, Joseph Clayton, 
Michael Cochran, Edmund Duggan, Michael Donovan, James N. 
Drew, Michael Early, Michael P. Flynn, James Flenimings, 
Thomas Gogin, Patrick Gurry, John Horngan, Michael Handley, 
Timothy Hedily, James R. Jenkins, Lawrence Larkin, John San- 
ders, Hugh McManus, Thomas Murphy, Michael Mara, Patrick 
Navin, John O'Flynn, David O'Brien, John O'Brien, AVilliam AV. 
Pinkham, John Parker. John Quinn, John Rverden, John SuUi- 



360 Manchester. 

van. Charles II. Thompson, Rnssell Town, Bernard White, William 
AVall, John Ward, Joshua Powers, Michael L. G, O'Brien, John 
L. O'Brien. 

COMPANY G. 

William Higgins, Charles W. Willey, Argus McGinniss, William 
Johusou. 

COMPANY H. 

George W. Chapman, Ui'iah H. Foss, Charles H. Hall, Charles 
W. Drew, Washinsrton I. Baker, Henry C. Dickey, David H. 
Dickey, Charles J. Esty, James P. Gould, David M. (Ilover, Clin- 
ton C. Hill, George T. Hastings, Benjamin F. Harrington. All)ert 
Q. Perry, John Kay, Charles W. Wiley, George II. Hul)liard, Fos- 
ter Kimball, John Ryan, William P. Williams, Stephen M. Baker. 

COMPANY I. 

AVilliam Ryan, Thomas Taylor, Charles Ward. 

COMPANY K. 

John Ahern, David Allen, John Bryson, Fred Conway, Corne- 
lius Cary, John Cole, James Crombie, Patrick Devine, William 
Devan, John Doherty, Patrick Fowler. Richard Gallagher, John 



Garvey, Timothy IIarrini;ton, Daniel D. Healey, James Ilealev, 
Henry Ilayes, Michael ^lahoney John Martin, Patrick < )"J5rien, 
Patrick Paine, William 11. Percival, Charles Plunkett. Jeremiah 
D. iSheehan, Thomas Solon, 2d, Dennis Sullivan, Michael Sullivan, 
Timothy Tehan, James Tliomjison, Patrick Welsh, Roger Shead}', 
William Hastings, Jeremiah Deedy, James Duffee, Patrick Early. 




Driggs, John Kelley, I'atrick Doyle, James Madden. 

C OMP A X Y UN KNOWN . 

William F. McPherson, Sullivan B. Abbott, David Reed, John 
Connor, James Burns. 

ELEVENTH REGIMENT. 

COMPANY C. 

Jeremiah D. Lyford, Andrew J. Frye, John F. Clarke, Edward 
C. Emerson, Charles F. Johnson, Ezra B. (ilines, Enoch I . Farn- 
ham, Albert F. Sargent, George E. Dudley, Loammi Searles, Lu- 
cien S. Buckland, Charles W! Baker, William W. Fish, True O. 
P^urnald, Lyman W. Griffin, Humj)iirey M. Glines, Alexander 
Hutcliinson, Israel Henno, James W. Resslar, Levi B. Lewis, 
John Ji. Marsh, Charles Milieu, John L. F. Phelps, G. A. AV. 



--^S^ ■W- 





/ 



€i^<y// ^r ^ 




-r^9 





>'-^ f ^r ^'i^/'/y 



^^^y/^ y^'^^e^ 



The Manchester Soldiers. 361 

Barker, Moses Richardson, Bonjainin Stevens, Luther M. Smith, 
Luther G. V. Smith, Gihuau M. Smith, Dauiel R. Woodbury, Ira 
Gardner Wilkins, Frank W. Paij;e, Ira E. \Vriu;ht, Edward Adams, 
Joseph B. Clark, UoUis O. Dudhiy, Oliver Williams. 

COMPANY D. 

John White, John Smith. 

COMPA:f^Y E. 

Caleb J. Kimball. William O. Stevens, Daniel Whitney, Charles 
IL Tuft*, Joseph Cross. William Dickerman, Amos B. Shattuck. 

COMPANY UNKNOWN. 

Charles LeGranger, William Barton, Jose])h Martin, James 
Arnold, John White, Joseph Kerr, Michael Quinn, Westley Ches- 
ter, Peter Robinson. 

TWELFTH REGIMENT. 

COMPANY A. 

Martin Davis, Joseph Sharp, Charles Bowers, Jacob McCor* 
mick, John McGraw, Alex Conchard. 

COMPANY B. 
Henry J. Lindner, John Smith, Henry Thomas, Albert Mumford. 

COMPxVNY C. 
James II. Gord(»u, Nathan E. Hopkins, Philip Levi, Raphe! 
Reimaun. 

COMPANY D. 

William Weldou, Robert Hill, Charles Mardinan, Henrick Fisher, 
James A<j;new, Ira Taylor, Charles A. Heath, John McCounell, 
George AUand, Hans Anderson, Solomon Sweeney^ 

COMPANY F. 

Rober( Barnard, John Howard, Hibbard Nolan, Lorenzo D. 
Watson. 

COMPANY G. 

Philip Warren. Andrew Floyd, William J. Wallace, Thonuis 
Dalton, Edward Brown. 

COMPANY I. 

Charles Lawrence, Henry Killan, Frank Wilson, Joseph Martin, 
Martin Oswald, Patrick Mc Carty, Thomas Hornsby, Charles Wil- 
liams. 

23 



362 Manchester. 

COMPANY K. 
Henry Carr. 

COMPANY UNKNOWN. 

James Cooper, William Sutton. George Forrest, Julius Lyford, 
James C. Denipey, George Parker, James Lane, Victor Bauman, 
Hiram C. Hohler. 

FOURTEENTH REGIMENT. 

COMPANY C. 
John K. Green. 

COMPANY 1). 

John N. Bruce, Silas K. Wallace, Stephen M. Wilson. 

COMPANY UNKNOWN. 

Patrick Clark, Alex Danvers, Lewis Nt:»rrop, Michael O'Brien, 
John Shibin, William Warren, James A. Bumford. 

FIFTEENTH REGIMENT. 

COMPANY E. 

Henry S. Perry, Michael Abliotton, George W. Brown, Joseph 
K. Hazelton, Charles H. Martin, Ervin D. Tobie. 

SIXTEENTH REGIMENT. 

COMPANY G. 

S. F. McQuestion. 

EIGHTEENTH REGIMENT. 

COMPANY F. 

Solomon Towns, Gustavus B. Wells, Charles Way, Peter Bully, 
Benjamin Chandler, Mathew Burns. John Duffy, James Davis, 
Henry Morton, William Ferguson, John Garrett, Joseph Jenno, 
Joseph Granther, Timothy Jacobs, Patrick Keller, John Johnson, 
Francis W. Kennison, Joseph Lesherville, Arvil Lemarche, Scott 
McGuire, John McCarty, Tliomas Reynolds, Patrick I^owery, 
James Lewis, William Masterson, Alden Oliver. 

COMPANY H. 

Jackson C. Bickford, John J. Ryan, Adilon E. Port, Edwin 
Mulligan, Michael P. Mulligan, Peter Locke, 

COlVll'ANY I. 

M. Thomas H. McGuire, David Magoon, Edward W. Cowan, 
Nathaniel A. Tuttle. Albert T. Bowers, Charles W. Bills, Angus- 



The Manchester Soldiers. 363 

tus B. Corey, Bonjanun C. Cook, Ggorijo B. Jackson, Thomas S. 
Knovvles, Robert J. MeFarlaiul, ('liarlcs II. Lee, Owen Evans, 
Barney Flynn, (ieorire II. Howe, -lolin McFee, Patrick Mack, 
James Smitli, William II. Plummer, .lohn F. Bounds, Zacliariah 
B. (Stewart. Amasa J. Pervier, Patrick Sullivan, Charles Wilson, 
George T. White. 

COMPANY K. 

Horace Pickard, Miles J. Colbj', Peter Robinson, John A. Lind- 
say, Walter A. Green, Patrick Prescott, Edward N. Tuttle, 
Edward K. White, John Copp, Jeremiah Sheehan, George C. 
Moore. 

NEW ENGLAND CAVALRY. 

David B. Nelson, Major; George T. Oram, Adjutant ; Arnold 
Wyman, First Lieutenant. 

TROOP K. 

Joseph Austin, John A. .Tones, Henry G. Ayer, Thomas 
Bouiijuge, Jonathan B. Chapman, .Tason N. Childs, .John G. 
Chubbs. George E. Clark, Matthew N. Colby, Charles R. Dun- 
ham, Emerson A. Dunham, .Tames D. Gage, George Hanchett, 
William H. TIart. William Holton. .Tames W. .Tenness. Philip 
.Tones, Charles 8. Kidder, Richard A. Lawrence, Hugh Mills, 
Henry E. Newton, Charles L. Prescott, .Tohn G. Page, William 
H. Palmer, Francis H. Phillips, Moody Quimby, Hiram Stearns, 
Lewis E. TajDlin, Charles H. Wilson, llavid F. Wilson. 

TROOP M. 

George W. Berry, Eugene Bowman, .Tohn Francis Colby, 
Minor Hawks, Henry P. Hubliard, Nathan P. Kidder, Cyrus Litch- 
field, William C. Powers, Arthur W. Russell, Albert P. Tasker, 
Ebenezer Wilson. 

FIRST NEW HAMPSHIRE CAVALRY. 
TROOP A. 



David A. Connor. 
Benjamin F. Philbrick. 
.Tohn Farrell. 
Joshua Voce. 
Andrew J. Roberts. 



TROOP B. 
TROOP C. 
TROOP D. 
TROOP E. 



864 Manchester. 

TROOP F. 

William II. Griffin. James H. llobinson, John C. Colburn, 
Charles F. Elliott. 

TROOP G. 

Edward F. Brown, John Baird. Emerson A. Dunham, Henry 
H. Aldrich. James N". Bean, Charles A. Brown. 

TROOP H. 

William A. Piper, William A. Kellev, Edwin R. Packard, Jew- 
ett W. Perry. 

TROOP I. 

William IT. Palmer. 

TROOP K. 

James D. Gage, John G. Page, Charles L Prescott, Hugh Mills, 
Charles M. Jason, James H. French, Jonathan B. Chajmian, 
Warren Forsaith, William H. Hart, Jason N. Childs, Moody 
Quimby, D. F. Wilson. 

TROOP M. 

Henry B. Hubbard, Enoch Lovell, Charles S. Kidder, John F. 
Colby, James H, Parks, Gustavus H. Best, William C. Powers. 

TROOP u:n^known. 

Andrew Hill, Thomas Daley, Daniel Lannigan, John O'Hara, 
Joseph Randolph, George E. Spaulding, Thomas A, Collins, Hugh 
R. Richardson, Allen W. Bonney, Henry F. Hopkins, Abbott N. 
Clough, Plenry J. Webster, Daniel Doyle, Joseph Jackson, Rich- 
ard Tobiue, I-,ouis Rumann, George Atkins. 

HEAVY ARTILLERY. 

COMPANY A. 
Jonah S. Kennison, Henry Porquet, Albert P. Young. 

( OMPANY B. 
James Collins, jr., Edward A. Young. 

COMPANY C. 

Charles W. Wingate, George J. Hunt, Heber C. Griffin, Willard 
Buckminster, Charles P. Green, Levi H. Sleeper, jr., William A. 
Gilmore, Albert F. Quimby, Alonzo Day, James M. Quimby, 
William S. Parsons, Edson\Sullivan, John S. Allen, Elbridge G. 
Baker, James A. Baker, Andrew M. Backer, James O'Brien, 
Charles D. Buntin, George B. Boutelle, William E. Boutelle, 
Francis Brown, Marston L. Brown, Willard S. Baker, Charles 



The Manchester Soldiers. 36r) 

Bean, George W. Brown, Goori^e Conet, Charles H. Cole, Stanford 
H. Chase, John J. Crockett, David B. Dickey, James M. Dickey. 
"Warren H. Day, John 11. Day, Reuben Dodge, William E. Den- 
ney, John G. Durant, Charles F, Dockum, Henry T. Foss, William 
E. Forsaith, Wiirrcn Green. John S. Gamble. Ell)ridi,'c Gerry, 
Madison Gerry. Edwin G. IIowi\ Sullivan ]). Hill. George How- 
ard, William Hurlin, Michael Harris, Charles II. Hodgeman, Low- 
ell S. Hartshorn. Newton Hollis, Ezekiel Hall, Westley E. Holt. 
Joshua E. Hastings, Manley W. Jenkins, Joseph Kclley, George 
W. Kniglit. Ormond I). Kimball, Oscar E. Leonis, Charles H. 
Martin, Xiithaniel H. jMetcaU", George E. Mayhew, William F. 
Moore, Bradley Merrill, Henry C. Morris, George W. Nichols. 
Hezekiah H. Morse. Benjamin K. Barker, Christopher Barker, 
Orrin F. Pillsbury, Henry M. Pills!)ury, Chester L. Page, Fred- 
erick Payne, Moses O. Peai'son, Albert B. Eol)inson, Horace L. 
Eichardson, Edwin J. Eoss, Dennis W. Eeardeau, Noah W. Ran- 
dall, Everett Stevens, William W. Sweatt, David A. Wilson. 
George W. Sawyer, Eobert Stewart, Andrew W. Stoton, George 
W. Taylor, Edward W. Tillotson, Joseph E. Walker, James M. 
Wallace, Sullivan B. Wallace, Nahum A. Webster, Charles F. 
Whittemore. Nathan B. White, Daniel A. Wells, John W. Willey, 
William Q. Young, Francis York, James O. Chandler, James E. 
Carr, James G. Burns. 



James P. Gallison. 



COMPANY F. 



COMPANY K. 



David P. Stevens, George C. Houghton, Alfred Howard, George 
H. Ames, Franklin A. Brackett, Herbert W. Churchill, William 
risk. Albert F. Goodhue, Frank L. Gilman, Charles E. Green, 
John Grammo, Leander E. Hall, Charles A. Hall, Charles H. 
Haddock, George A. Palmer, Lewis J. Smith, George E. Swain, 
Sylvester S. Walsh, Charles L. Bailey, Edward J. Wing, John E. 
Johnson. 

COMPANY L. 

Walter Smith, Sedley A. Loud, Peter Burns, Pierre Miehoa, 
Oliver Jepson, James Maloney, Henry W. Twombly, Horace G. 
Kimball. 

COMPANY M. 

John W. Dickey, George K. Dakin, Ezra D, Cilley, Elijah E. 
French, John E. Bean, Ephraim Fisk, John L. Sargent, Charles 
W. Boyd, George T. Bean, Philander Hopkins, Alfred R. Crosby, 
William G. Cutler, Clark S. George, Albert T. Hamblett, James 
W. Learned, George A. Shepard, Gustavus Soule, Nathan B. Til- 
ton, Ira P. Twitchell, Thomas Welch, Charles E. Yoimg, Henry 
W. Clark, Horace H. Bundy, Charles Clark, Charles M. Dinsmore, 
Washington L. Gray, Henry R. Noyes, Orrin S. Silloway, Charles 
L. Taylor, Asa P. Wright, Henry Bennett, Frank L. Edmunds, 



366 Manchester. 

Edward M. Dakin, Georfrt' Ai)plebee, Joseph Comfort, Alfred 
Comfort, John McCauley, Orlando Proctor, Ezra iK. Xorrls, 
James Kichards, John KatliiiX, Daniel Davis, Henry Blair, George 

A. Martin, Benj. B. Bunker. 

VETERAN RESERVE CORPS. 

Alliert Blood, James Byles, Jeremiah Connor, Jnines N. Cum- 
ininijs. Patrick Dowell, Jerome C. Davis, F. E. Demcritt, Henry 

B. Eastman. Davis Emery. ITiirvey Tlill, Williiim II. KnowUon, 
Andrt'W Cunier, Michael Powers, .lolm L. Collins. ,Tohn Brown. 
William W. E:istman. 8te])hen O. (iould. Thomas (t. Gould, Pal- 
rick ITnulliiian. Ji'Seph II. Mnrhle, Willinm Slurry, IleniT C. 
Fiiye, "Willinm E. liobinson, William Smith, John Smith, Enoch 

E. Stevens, Charles Stewart, Georije W. Varnnm, J. A. Sargent, 
Franklin K. Tucker, Patrick Welsh, Cyrus S. Burpee, Hiram G. 
Gove. 

MARTIN GUARDS. 

Edward Wing, Edward P. Kind)all, John C. Pennock, Sydney 

F. Sanborn, Wiixirin T. Al)l)ott, Howard P. Smith. .Joseph 1^. Frye, 
Charles P. Gilbert. LeAvis J. Smith. George W. Davis, Charles "H. 
Jiradlbrd. Dennis A. Bnrbank, Frank A. Braekett, Charles W. 
Dimiek, llt'iiry J]aton, Williani Fisher, Austin G. French. George 
W. F;indiani, Alfred T. (iocKlhue. Charles .T. Goodwin, Frank L. 
Gilnian, Horace P Pa<j:e, Charles AV'. Gardner, Charles E. Green, 
Alfred Howard. Charles Madlock. Charles Hall, L. A Hyatt, 
Leander Hall, Atartin A. Hot!" Clinton Jones, Frank C. Jewett, 
Marshall Keith, John Leighton, Charles H. I^roulton. Matthew 
Morrow, Charles E. Morse, Ira S. Osgood, Jolm II. Prescott, 
George A. Palmer, David P. Stevens, Myrick E. Smith, George 
E. Swain. Benj. T. Sherburn, Sylvester S. Walsh, Charles Wee- 
man, Elbridge Wasson. 

NATIONAL GUARDS. 

Edwas A. Hasman, John C. Hardy, George E. Kennison, Wil- 
liam O. Ladd. William II. Lord. Allx'il B. Morrison, Henry C. 
Norris, Chnrles Putnam, dohn E. Bicker, Frank H. Redtield, 
George H. R;iy, Charles A. Smith. Charles H. Stevens, George W. 
Swinborne, Nathaniel A. Tuttle, Alonzo F. Warren, Charles F. 
Whittemore, Frank M. Boutelle. Aldano Xeal, Edward M. Tillot- 
s:)n, William E. Boutelle, Charles C. Hilton, George F. K(dley, 
George J. Hunt, William Buckniinster, Charles P. Green, Orrin 
N. B. Stokes, Madison Gerry, George Canfield, Emery W. Alex- 
ander, Andrew Armstrong. I.eroy S. Batcheldi-r, Elihii B. Baker, 
George W. Ballon, James Buckminsti'r, Charles B. Bradley, An- 
drew M. Bowker, George Boutelle, Albert F. Barr, John S. Cor- 
liss, Marcus M. Currier, Staidbrd II. Chase, Charles J. Chase, 
Alex. Cooper. Benj. Keallv, John Carney, William E. Dunbar, 



The Manchester Soldiers. 367 

Levi W. Dofli^e, E'lward W. Dakin, Frank L. Edwards, Frank 
W. Favour, Heber C. Griffin, GcH)r«,'e A. Gordon, Danicd W. Gould, 
Charles George, Henry T. Goodhue, Newton Ilollis, Rhodes Han- 
son. 

FIRST LIGHT BATTERY. 

George A. Gerrisli, John Wadleigh, Henry F. Condict, Lyman 
W. Bean, Robert Burns, David Morgan, Jos(ip]i T. Durgin, Ira P. 
Fellows, Howard M. Farrar, John L. Fish, (rcorgi; E. Fairbanks, 
Jerry E. (rladden, John H. Goodwin, William H. Goodwin, 
George W. Griswold, Clark S. (roidon, Elx-n Govi', Adams Gow- 
ing, Simon \i. Hill, John D. Hall, AUxut T. Hanihitt, Wesley E. 
Holt, Cleaves W. llopkins, Greely W. Hastings, .Tames A. Johns- 
ton, William B. Kennev, Daniel P. Ladd, Dudley P. Ladd, LeRoy 
McQuesten, Thomas W. Morrill, Horace P. Marshall, Charles W. 
Oflutt, Christopher C. Perry, Henry C. Parker, Charles Peoples, 
George W. Parrott, William D. Perkins, H(!nry C. Patrick, Daniel 
M. Peavey, Thomas Randlett, Henry S. Rowell, Francis Reeves, 
Charles H. Shephard, Alexandisr Simpson, Henry A. Sloan, Gus- 
tavus Soule, .John L. Sargcmt, Albcn-t ('. Stearns, Leander G. Syl- 
vester, Frank Senter, Edwin R. Sias, N;i-than B. Tilton, Frank W. 
Taber, William B. Underbill, Samuel J. Wliittier, George K. 
Dakin, Edwin H. Ilobbs, Ejjhraim Fisk, Gilman Stearns, Ezra D. 
Cilley, .John K. Piper, Orrin Taber, William W. Roberts, Alonzo 
M. Caswell, Samuel S. Piper, William N. Chamberlin, Henry A. 
Campbell, Samuel Cooper, Irving S. Palmer, Frank E. Demeritt, 
Ambrose Ingham, Alexander A. Brown, Daniel Kclley, Charles E, 
French, John Carling, George W. Variuun, Hilliard L. Eaton, 
Philander Hopkins, George E. Glines, William L. Babbett, Mar- 
cus II. Buudy, Elisha II. Burrill, Charles W. Boyd, LeRoy T. 
Bean, Edwin N. Baker, James M. Buswcdl, William H. Black- 
burn, Henry E. Bond. Henry Baker, Robert Crowthei', .James 
Carr, William Carr, William G. Cutler, Henry W. Clarke, Kit- 
tridge J. Collins, Homer Canfield, Thomas C. Cheney, Charles P. 
Cox, James P. Carpenter, Frederick J. Croning, Durrill S. Crock- 
ett, Chauncy C. Dickey, .John W. Dickey, John Drown, Charles A. 
Doe, Martin V. B. Day, Thomas Welch, Luther E. Wallace, 
Thomas J. Whittle, Frederick S. Worthen, Morrill N. Young, 
Charles E. Young, D. Washington Grey, Albert R. Holbrook, 
Charles Pearson, Charles J. Rand, Isaac L. Roberts, Orrin S. Sil- 
loway, Charles L. Taber, Sylvester F. Webster, Charles Wenz, 
James F. Sargent, William G. Custer, Walter Cutler, Alfred R. 
Crosby. 

FIRST REGIMENT U. S. SHARP-SHOOTERS. 

COMPANY E. 

Levi H. Leet. 



868 Manchester. 

SECOND REGIMENT U. S. SHAEP-SHOOTERS. 

COMPANY G. 

Abner D. Colby, Henry A. Colby, Elijah Hanson, Jonathan S. 
Johnson, Charles W. Stevens. 

NAVY. 

James Hayes, George E. Ashtoii. John M. Custalow, Peter 
Bowd, Walter Lee, James Smith. 



M.ARINES. 



Michael Kane. 



BATTERY B UNITED STATES ARMY. 

Charles J. Anderson. 

FIRST ARMY CORPS. 
Dennis F. G. Lyons. 

THIRTEENTH NEW YORK ARTILLERY. 

Henry Boyd. 

FIRST REGIMENT UNITED STATES ARMY. 

Joseph H. Knowlton. 

REGIMENT UNKNOWN. 

Albert Miller, John Eeilley, Daniel Thornton, Alexander Fra- 
zier, John Jetlernian, Joseph Hart, John Riley, John Thompson, 
Amos K. Witham, Emile Keller, James Brown, Timothy Hallisey, 
James Anderson, Albert Burns, William R. Clement, Georije Car- 
penter, William IL Goodwin, Jolin MePherson. Thomas Smith, 
Thomas Whelston. Alfred Mixsan, Charles Broekway, Jesse F. 
Williams, James White, Henry Wood, William Romer, William 
H. Jaekson, James Lynch, Thomas Powell, John Pender, Samuel 
Siej^el, James Sullivan, James Smith, James S. Williams, John 
Murphy, James McCanney, William E. Stearns, James A. IL 
Grant, James M. Mayhew, John Kerin, John Smith, John Milano, 
John Richards, Jerome Yates, Solomon Leaks, Joseph Bess, 
George H. Judson, Charles Dorsey, John IL Johnson, Isaac Wil- 
liams, Samuel Urbine, Thomas Meade, William H. Daggs, Pruy 
Gilveatt, Frank Thompson. James Casley, James Sullivan, James 
W. Brown, thimes Boyles, George Branson, Pasqual Canard, John 
Brown, David Dudley, James Gordon, Frank L. Gilman, Charles 
C. Webster, Charles L, Davenport. 



The Manchester Soldiers. 369 

Field, Staff and Line Officers. 



BRIGADIER-GENERALS. 

Joseph C. Abbott, Micliael T. Donohoe. 

COLONELS. 

Thomas P. Pierce, Edward L. Bailey, James W. Carr, Ilawkes 
Fearing, jr., John CoughUu. 

LIEUTENANT-COLONELS. 
Samuel G. Langlcy, Francis W. Parker. 

MAJORS. 
Thomas Connolly, Jesse F. Angell, David B. Nelson. 

ADJUTANTS. 
Alvah H. Libby, Joseph J. Donohoe. 

CHAPLAINS. 
Henry Hill, Silas F. Dean. 

SURGEONS. 

William W. Brown, Sylvanus Bunton, William A. Webster. 
John Ferguson. 

ASSISTANT SURGEONS. 
George W. Manter, William G. Stark, James P. Walker. 

QUARTERMASTERS. 

Richard N. Batchelder, John R. Hynes, Charles A. Putney, 
Foster Kimball. 

CAPTAINS. 

John L. Kelly, Hollis O. Dudley, Varnum H. Hill, Rufus F. 
Clark, Ruthven W. Houghton, John Kirwin, Robert H. Allen, 
Roger W. Woodbury, William H. Maxwell, Charles A. White, 
Robert C. Dow, James A. Hubbard, James H. Piatt, George W. 
Huckins, Thompson S. Newell, William W. Mayne, Granville P. 
Mason, William C. Knowlton, George F. McCabe, Charles Cain, 
Frank Robie, Joseph Freschl, Warren E. F. Brown, AVilliam J, 
Gunuon, Cornelius Healey, Josepli J. Ladd, Nathan H. Pierce, 
James Kelliher, Asa T. Hutchinson, John E. Mason, John M. 
Carswell, Laurence F. Larkin, Thomas C. Trumbull, Michael F. 
Corcoran, John B. Sargent, Cornelius W. Strain, John L. O'Brien, 



370 Manchester. 

George H. Hubbard, Patrick Doyle, James Madden, Joseph B. 
Clark, Amos B. fehattuck, Ira G. Wilkins, John N. Bruce, "William 
E. Stearns, George T. Cram, George A. Gerrish, George K. Da- 
kin, James O. Chandler, George C. Houghton, John E. Johnson, 
Abner D. Colby. 

FIRST LIEUTENANTS. 

Martin Y. B, Kichardson, Dustin Marshall, Michael J. Connolly, 
Walter Colby, William E. Hamnett, Walter J. Richards, Frank 
L. Morrill, Frank C. Wasley, David M. Perkins, Charles A. 
McGlaughlin, Alvah S. Wiggin, Oscar A. Moar, Patrick K. Dowd, 
Charles O. Jennison, Andrew J. Edgerly, Benjamin F. Fogg, 
Daniel Gile, Charles M, Currier, Virgil H. Cate, Clement F. S. 
Ames, Lawrence Foley, William E. IIub))ard, Henry G. Cushin», 
.lames Miles, Robert Swiney, Michael CGrady, Willard N. Hara- 
don, Andrew W. Doe, Michael T. H. Maguire, Charles Johnson, 
Charles H. Gardner, Alfred G. Simons, Jeremiah D. Lyford, Ira 
G. Wilkins, Edwin H. Hobbs, Ezra D. Cilley, James R. Carr, 
James G. Burns, Charles L. Bailey, Ephraim Fisk, William N. 
Chamberlin. 

SECOND LIEUTENANTS. 

Charles Vickery. Charles L. Brown, Robert A. Seavey, Frank 
B. Hutchinson, William Jones, James F. W. Fletcher, Cyrur, S. 
Burpee, Charles E. Rowe, Henry O. Sargent, Cornelius Donohoe, 
Alonzo L. Day, Ichabod S. Bartlett, Thorndike P. Heath, Edward 
K. White, John K. Piper, Orrin Taber, .John R. Bean, Moses O. 
Pearson, Reuben Dodge, H. A. Lawrence, Edward J. Wing, 
Thomas J. Whittle. 



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RESIDENCES. 



!' MONO these pages will be found engravings of some 
^^ of the finest dwellings in the city and the follow- 
^h ing descriptions not improperly accompany them. 

TOE RESIDENCE OP THE HON. FREDERICK SMYTH. 

Ex-Governor Smyth's house is finely situated on rising 
ground just east of Amoskeag Falls, on the spot where the 
Pennacooks lived when the Merrimack swarmed with fish 
and the Indians came to the Falls to catch them. The 
grounds contain about ten acres and include the site of a 
former Indian village, where many interesting relics of the 
aboriginal dwellers have been exhumed. On the eastern 
side runs Elm street and on the western the River road, 
while North street and Salmon street form, respectively, 
the northern and southern boundaries. 

The house, which is built of brick with granite trim- 
mings, two stories high with a French roof surmounted by 
a tower, was begun in 1867 and finished in 1873. It was 
designed by Gov. Smyth and his wife and built from plans 
by Bryant & Rogers of Boston. It is a spacious and con- 
venient dwelling, with walnut wainscotings and marble 
thresholds. The rooms in the second story are finished 
each with a different kind of native wood and the ceilinsrs 
are frescoed to correspond. The windows command a view 
of the Merrimack for a mile up and down, the mills, the 
falls, the bridge and islands, and from them can be seen 



372 Manchester. 

the whole city, the towns across the river, Joe English hill, 
the Uncanoonucs and the Francestown range of mountains. 

THE RESIDENCE OP COL. WATERMAN SMITH. 

Col. Smith's house was built in 1873 and is situated in a 
most conspicuous and healthful location on the sunnnit of 
Wilson hill, which rises to the east of the city proper. 
The first floor is one hundred and eighty-six feet aliovc the 
level of Ehn street, about the height of the tallest church 
steeples. It was built of wood from plans by W. H. Myers 
of this city and painted in two shades to represent the 
colors of dressed and undressed granite. The house is 
modeled after an Italian villa, is three stories high, over- 
topped by a tower, and is made with large rooms, wide 
halls and stairways. The prospect from its windows is 
fine, including a view of the towns to the east and south, 
the city spread out at the foot of the hill with the river on 
its farther edge and the hills beyond in Golfstown and 
Francestown. The grounds contain twelve acres and are 
gradually taking on an appearance of much beauty. 

THE RESIDENCE OF COL. B. F. MARTIN. 

Col. Martin's house, on the northeast corner of Elm and 
Brook streets, standing in grounds which contain an acre 
and are kept in admirable order, was substantially rebuilt 
in 1865 in accordance with designs by George Harding of 
Boston. It is a wooden house, two stories high, French- 
roofed, handsomely slated and surmounted by a tower. 
The inside is beautiful and convenient, arranged with much 
taste. It is situated on the main avenue of travel and yet 
removed from the noise and bustle af that section of it 
where business is carried on. It is in the midst of some of 
the finest houses in the city and sutTers little by comparison 
with them. 



REPRESENTATIVE MEN. 




HE following classes of persons, as representatives 
^ of Manchester's industry and life, were invited to 
■^ ^ place their portraits within these pages: the mem- 
bers of congress, attorney-generals of the state, mayors, 
clerks and treasurers of the city, judges of courts, presi- 
dents and cashiers of banks, agents of the large corpora- 
tions, prominent manufacturers, commanders of the Amos- 
keag Veterans; and, in addition, two members of the med- 
ical, one of the ministerial and one of the legal profession, 
whose prominence in the city's history entitled them to 
such recognition. Brief sketches follow of those who are 
represented by their portraits. 



COL. PHINEHAS ADAMS. 



Phinehas Adams was born in Medway, Mass., June 20, 
1814, and is thus about sixty-one years old. He is the 
son of Phinehas and Sarah W. (Barljer) Adams. He was 
one of a family of eleven, four sons and seven daughters, 
of whom but three besides himself survive — Sarah A., the 
wife of Dr. E. B. Hammond of Nashua, Mary J., the widow 
of the late James Buncher, and Eliza P., the widow of the 
late Ira Stone, both of Manchester. His father was a man- 
ufacturer and started the first power-loom in this country 
at Waltham, Mass., in the year of Mr. Adams's birth. His 
father moved to Waltham, when he was but a few years old, 
then to Cambridge, Mass., and subsequently to Nashua, 



374 Manchester. 

N. H., where he kept hotels, and at length to Walpole, 
Mass., where he became the agent of a mill of which Dr. 
Oliver Dean and others, as well as himself, were owners. 
Mr. Adams learned manufacturing with his father in his 
early years and then went to the academy at Wrentham, 
Mass. While he was there his father became financially 
embarrassed and in 1829, when he was a little over 
fifteen years old, he was obliged to leave school and go to 
work in the Merrimack Manufacturing Company's mills at 
Lowell, Mass., and soon rose to be overseer. In Decem- 
ber, 1833, he went to Hooksett, N. H., to be an overseer in 
the Hooksett Manufacturing Company's mills of which iiis 
father was then agent. Not long afterwards he became an 
overseer in mills of the Pittsfield Manufacturing Company 
at Pittsfield, N. H., and then returned to his former place 
at Lowell. In five years from the time he first went there 
he was promoted to be a clerk in the counting-room and 
left Lowell finally in December, 1846, and succeeded Wil- 
liam P. Newell as agent of the old mills of the Amoskeag 
Manufacturing Company on the west side of the river at 
Amoskeag Falls. In November, 1847, he was appointed 
agent of the Stark Mills, which position he has ever since 
held. 

Mr. Adams was a director in the Merrimack River Bank 
from 1857 to 1860, a director in the Manchester Bank from 
1864 till it ceased to do business ; and has been a trustee 
in the Manchester Savings Bank from 1846 till the present 
time and a director in the Manchester National Bank since 
it began business in 1865. He has been a director of the 
New England Cotton Manufacturers' Association, and was 
one of the Presidential electors from New Hampshire in 
1872. He acquired the title of colonel by service as the 
chief of Gov. Straw's staff in 1872 and 1873. 

Col. Adams married, September 24, 1839, Miss Elizabeth 
P. Simpson of Deerfield, N. H., by whom he has had two 



Charles E. Balch. 375 

children, who are now living — Elizabeth, wife of Daniel 
C. Gould of this city, paymaster at the Stark mills, and 
Phinehas, jr., in partnership with E. C. Bigelow of Boston 
in the cotton business. 

Mr. Adams is a man whose life is based upon the high- 
est ideas of right and wrong. Extremely conscientious, of 
the strictest integrity, he has a character beyond all question. 
Kindly and affable, of remarkable generosity, he is highly 
respected by all his fellow-citizens and his personal popu- 
larity would have ensured his election to any ofhce in their 
gift, if he could have been induced to accept it. 

CHARLES E. BALCH. 

Charles Edward Balch was born March 17, 1834, at 
Francestown, N. H., and is the son of Mason and Hannah 
(Holt) Balch, There were, besides himself, a half-brother 
and half-sister, of whom the former, Mason H. Balch, sur- 
vives and is living upon the homestead. His father was a 
farmer and his education was acquired at the district 
school and at Francestown Academy. In the spring of 
1852 he entered the dry goods store of Otis Barton <t Com- 
pany of Manchester as book-keeper, in which position he re- 
mained two years when he became clerk in the Manchester 
Bank and Manchester Savings Bank. When the former was 
succeeded by the Manchester National Bank in 1865, Mr. 
Balch was elected its cashier, which position he Jiow fills. 
He is a trustee of the Manchester Savings Bank, having 
been elected in 1862, and a member of its investing commit- 
tee. He is also a director and one of the finance commit- 
tee of the New Hampshire Fire Insurance Company and 
treasurer of the Gas-Light Company. Mr. Balch married, 
July 30, 1867, Miss Emeline R. Brooks, of Bath, Me., daugh- 
ter of the Rev. N. Brooks, now of this city. 

Mr. Balch is a cautious, prudent man, an excellent finan- 



376 Manchester. 

cier, with a mind naturally capable and sharpened by ex- 
perience and trained to view things from a financial stand- 
point. He has always shrunk from public life and refused 
political honors, but enjoys to a very high degree the con- 
fidence of the public in the responsible position which he 
holds. He combines the attributes of a courteous gentle- 
man with a punctilious regard for the proprieties of life. 

THE HON. CHARLES H. BARTLETT. 

Charles Henry Bartlett was born in Sunapee, N. H., Oc- 
tober 15, 1883, and is thus between forty-one and forty-two 
years of age. He is the son of John and Sarah J. (San- 
born) Bartlett. He had |bur brothers and three sisters, of 
whom all but one sister survive. Joseph S. resides in 
Claremont ; Solomon, John Z., George H., Mrs. John Felcli, 
Mrs. Thomas P. Smith, in Sunapee. He was educated at 
the academies in Washington and New London, this state, 
and then began the study of law with Gov. Metcalf at New- 
port. He studied subsequently with George & Foster at 
Concord and Morrison & Stanley at Manchester, being ad- 
mitted from the office of the latter to the bar of Hillsbor- 
ough county in 1858. In that year he began the practice 
of his profession at Wentworth, N. H., and in 1863 came 
to this city, where he has since practiced, from 1866 till 
1868 in company with the late James U. Parker and the 
remaining time alone. 

He was clerk of the New Hampshire senate from 1861 
to 1865, Gov. Smyth's private secretary in 1865 and 1866, 
treasurer of the state reform school in 1866 and 1867. 
In June, 1867, he was appointed clerk of the United States 
district court in New Hampshi^-e, which position he now 
holds. In the same year he was unanimously elected city 
solicitor but declined a re-election and in 1872 was elected, 
as the nominee of the Republican party, mayor of the city, 



Joseph E. Bknnett. 877 

and served till February 18, 1873, when he resigned in ac- 
cordance with the policy of the national government at 
that time which forbade United States officials from hold- 
ing offices in the gift of states or towns. His last official 
act as mayor was to order the city treasurer to pay the 
amount due him for salary to the Firemen's Relief Associ- 
ciation. Mr. Bartlett has been a trustee of the Merrimack 
River Savings Bank from 1865 to the present time and a 
trustee of the Peojde's Savings Bank from its begining in 
1874. He was the Master of Washington Lodge of Free 
Masons fi-om April, 1872, to April, 1874, and now holds 
the position of United States commissioner, to which he 
was appointed in May, 1872. 

Mr. Bartlett married, December 8, 1858, at Sunapee, 
Miss Hannah M. Eastman of Croydon, N. H., by whom he 
has one daughter — Carrie B. Bartlett. 

Mr. Bartlett has a keen, well balanced mind, whose fac- 
ulties are always at his conunand. He thinks readily, but 
acts cautiously and seldom makes a mistake. Hence he 
has l)een financially successful in almost everything he has 
undertaken. He is one of the most practical lawyers in 
the state and was for several years in charge of the law 
department of the Mirror, giving general satisfaction, and 
his withdrawal, when his business compelled it, was a 
source of much regret to the readers of that paper. 

JOSEPH E. BENNETT. 

Joseph Everett Bennett was born in New Boston, N. H., 
August 9, 1817. He is the son of Stephen and Hannah 
Bennett, and is the third child in a family of seven sons 
and four daughters. Of these, Stephen M., John J., 
and Salome, the widow of the late Joseph Battles, reside 
in Manchester, and Jacob, Andrew J., and Hannah, the 
widow of the late Joel Wilkins, live in New Boston. His 

24 



378 Manchester. 

lather was a builder, and he began, when eleven years old, 
to learn the mason's trade, and afterwards worked as a 
journeyman in Peterliorongh, Lowell and other places. 

He spent two terms at Francestown Academy under the 
instruction of the late Benjamin F. Wallace, afterwards 
principal of the Piscataquog Village Academy in this city, 
and taught a district-school in the same town one winter. 
At the age of eighteen years he became a pupil at New 
Hampton Institution, in this state, and, graduating there in 
1838, entered Waterville College, now Colby University, 
at Waterville, Me., the same year. He continued there 
through Freshman and Sophomore years, spent the next 
twelve months in teaching, at Searsmont, Me., and then en- 
tered Yale College as a Junior, graduating there in the 
class of 1843. 

The succeeding fall and winter he taught at Searsmont, 
was elected school committee during his residence there, 
and came to Manchester in the spring of 1844 to work for 
J. T. P. Hunt, with whom he had become acquainted while 
at work in Lowell and who was then building mills for the 
Amoskeag Company. He worked for Mr. Hunt till 1847 
and then became foreman for J. F. Andrews of Nashua, 
continuing in his employ the greater part of the time till 
18G0. During this time he assisted in the rebuilding of 
the State-house at Montpelier, Vt., and in the construction 
of the passenger-station and freight-house at Manchester, 
mills at Manchester, Southbridge, Mass., and other places, 
and the Church of the Immaculate Conception at Boston. 
During this time he retained his residence in Manchester, 
and he spent his winters in teaching in Maine,^and at New 
Boston and Manchester, in this state, having been master 
of the schools at Piscataquog village, Hallsville and Web- 
ster's mills, and the North and South grammar schools. 

In 1860, leaving the employ of Mr. Andrews, he re- 
turned to Manchester and went to work for himself, being 



Joseph E. Bennett. 379 

ill company one year with his brother, John J. Bennett, 
and two years with Lyman Fellows of Concord. In I860 
he was elected city clerk and has occupied that position 
ever since. He has been selectman and ward-clerk of old 
ward five, has been either assessor or clerk of the board of 
assessors seventeen years at different times, was elected by 
the Democrats alderman from ward five in 1849, and, as a 
Free-soiler, was chosen representative to the general court 
in 1851 and 1852. He represented ward five in the school 
committee in 1852 and 1857. He is a trustee of the Am- 
oskeag Savings Bank, having been elected in 1868. Mr. 
Bennett is a prominent Free Mason, was Master of Lafay- 
ette Lodge in 1865 and 1866, High Priest of Mount Horeb 
Royal Arch Chapter in 1870 and 1871 and has been for a 
long- time Recorder of Trinity Commandry. He has been 
always prominent in connection with the First Baptist 
church and society and did his part in the building of their 
new house of worship. In March, 1845, he married Miss 
8usan Dyer of Searsmont, Me., by whom he had three chil- 
dren, none of whom survive. 

The long time during which Mr. Bennett has held the 
responsible position of city clerk is a proof of the confi- 
dence the public reposes in him. Many efforts have been 
made to legulate this office by the rule of rotation while he 
lias held it, but they have all failed, chiefly because no 
incoming mayor who was new to the office felt as if he 
could do without his valuable services and those who had 
already been mayor appreciated them too highly to be 
willing to be witbout them. He sees things clearly and 
from a practical point of view and his honesty is unques- 
tioned. He is a man of independent notions and from 
his position exerts a good deal of influence upon the city 
government. 



380 Manchester, 

aretas blood. 

Aretas Blood was born October 8, 1816, at Weathersfield, 
Vt. He is the son of Nathaniel and Roxcellana (Proctor) 
Blood, and one of a family of five sons and two daughters, 
of whom but two sons besides himself survive — Benja- 
min Franklin and Sewell, resident in Waltham, Mass. 
When three years of age, he moved with his father to 
Windsor, Vt. There, going to school two months in the 
year till he was seventeen years old, he was apprenticed 
to the blacksmith's trade, worked at it two years and a 
half and then became a machinist. He left Windsor in 
the fall of 1840 and went to Evansville, Ind., wliere he 
worked at his trade a year, till June 17, 1841. Then he 
started eastward, stopping at all the cities on the way in 
search of employment, but finding none till he came to the 
town of North Chelmsford, Mass. 

Remaining there about a year, he went home to Windsor 
in July, 1842, and staid there till October. Then he went 
to Lowell, Mass., and worked seven years in the machine- 
shop, and thence to Lawrence, where he began tlie man- 
ufacture of machinists' tools for tlie large machine-shop 
then in process of erection there. Two years later he 
removed to the shop itself and made by contract ma- 
chinery of all kinds, tools, turbine wheels, locomotive and 
stationary engines, etc. September 7, 18o3, he came to 
this city to establish works for the building of locomotives 
and became a partner in the firm of Bayley, Blood & Com- 
pany, who were first located in Mechanics' Row and made 
there their first stationary engine, which they have still 
in use. The concern was first called the Vulcan Works, 
but new buildings were built in the spring of 1854 upon 
the present location of the works, the manufacture of loco- 
motive engines was begun in the fall and the firm was in- 
corporated that year under the name of the Manchester 



Dr. William W. Brown. 381 

Locomotive Works. Oliver W. Bayiey then became the 
company's agent, but was succeeded in 1857 by Mr. Blood, 
who has ever since resided in Manchester and given his 
personal attention to the business. 

Mr. Blood was a director of the Merrimack River Bank 
from 1860 till its name was changed in 1865 to that of the 
First National Bank and from that time till 1868 a director 
of the latter. He has been since 1874 a director of the 
Manchester National Bank. 

He married in Lowell, September 4, 1845, Miss L. K. 
Kendall, by whom he has two children — Nora, the wife of 
Frank P. Carpenter of this city, and Emma, who resides 
at home. 

Mr. Blood has proved one of the most successful build- 
ers of locomotive engines in the country, and his success 
has been no accident. Bred a machinist, he understands a 
locomotive thoroughly and knows how it should be made 
in every part. Sharp and keen in business, he never takes 
undue risks. Like Gen. Grant, whom he is said to resem- 
ble in looks, he is able to manage large numbers of men 
with ease. Hence the pecuniary success of the establish- 
ment he represents. A self-made, self-relying man, he 
sees clearly from the begining the result at which he aims 
and has the mental power and executive ability to attain 
it. A very high-minded man, unexceptionable in private 
life, his word is as good as his bond and the latter is as 
good as that of any man in the state. 

DR. WILLIAM W. BROWN. 

William Whittier Brown was born in Vershire, Vt., 
August 28, 1805, the son of Ebenezer and Mary (Whittier) 
Brown. He was the third of nine children, of whom one 
brother — Jonathan, of Eden, Vt., — and two sisters — one 
the widow of the late Alvah Avery of Corinth, Vt., and the 



382 Manchester. 

other the widow of the late Rev. Nathaniel L. Chase of 
this city — survive. He acquired his education at the acade- 
mies in Bradford and Randolph, Vt., and in Hudson, N. Y., 
and began in 1828 the study of medicine with Dr. John 
Poole at Bradford. He attended lectures at Hanover, N. H., 
and graduated from tlie New Hampshire Medical Institu- 
tion of that place in 1830. He at once began practice at 
Poplin, now Fremont, this state, and remained there till 
1835, when he removed to Chester where he acquired an 
extensive business during his ten years' pi-actice. At one 
time he practiced in Boscawen, N. H. 

In 1846 he removed to tiiis city, where he kept his resi- 
dence till his death. He spent one year, including parts 
of 1849 and 1850, in California, where he acquired some 
property. He was appointed, October 19, 1861, surgeon 
of the Seventh New Hampshire regiment and served till 
the autumn of 1864, when want of health compelled his 
resignation. He was appointed pension-surgeon but re- 
signed on account of the small fees allowed. He died 
in this city January 6, 1874, of pneumonia. He was five 
times married and had seven children but was only sur- 
vived by his last wife. 

Dr. Brown received from Dartmouth College the hon- 
orary degree of Master of Arts, was elected a fellow of the 
New Hampshire Medical Society in 1836 and was its pres- 
ident in 18()9, while at the time of his death there were 
but two members who had been longer connected with the 
society. He was a director of the Merrimack River Bank 
from 1869 till it was succeeded in 1865 by the First Na- 
tional Bank and was a director of the latter from that time 
and a trustee of the Merrimack River Savings Bank from 
1873 till his decease. He was a member of the Franklin- 
street Congregational church, was frequently chosen one 
of the officers of the society connected with it and was 
elected its president in 1855, 1867 and 1868. 



The Hon. David A. Bunton. 383 

Dr. Brown was a man of clear and practical mind and 
combined a strong love for the profession he followed with 
an intense application to it. In fact, he was never idle, 
was never seen at places where time could be lost, but was 
always to be found at his home or office, attending his pa- 
tients or at some religious meeting or literary entertain- 
ment. He was remarkably fond of reading, and, besides 
making himself familiar with all that was fresh in the sci- 
ence of medicine, he kept pace with all the news of the 
day, and books and papers were his constant companions. 
Excelled by few, if any, practitioners in the state, he had a 
very large business and always commanded the respect of 
the public wherever he was. 

THE HON. DAVID A. BUNTON. 

David Augustus Bunton was born, October 18, 1805, at 
Goffstown Centre, N. H, He is the son of Andrew and 
Lavinia (Holden) Bunton, and the third in a family of five 
sons and two daughters. Of these survive Lavinia, the 
widow of Robert Richards, of Bristol, P. Q., Sarah Jane, 
the widow of John Gilchrist of Goffstown, Jesse, of Mil- 
ton, Mass., Dr. Sylvanus, formerly of this city and now of 
Mont Yernon, and William, now residing in Boston. He 
comes of an old New Bampshire family, his grandfather 
having been carried captive from Allenstown to Quebec by 
the Indians in 1746. When the Revolutionary War broke 
out, lie enlisted among the first, was at the battle of Bun- 
ker Hill, and was killed at White Plains in 1776. Mr. 
Bunton acquired a common-school education in Goffstown, 
taught two winters at the " east village " in the same place, 
and was employed by his father in tanning and currying 
hides till he was twenty-one years of age. 

Then he went to Massachusetts and was employed in 
several places in quarrying and cutting stone, working two 



384 Manchester. 

years upon the Bunker Hill monument and also upon the 
United States arsenal at Augusta, Me. Returning to Goffs- 
town in 1831, he built a saw-mill and grist-mill upon the 
Piscataquog river at Goffstown Centre, where P. C. Cheney 
& Company's paper-mill now stands. He operated these 
mills and also kept a store for a time. 

Mr. Bunton had already been employed by Dr. Oliver 
Dean, one of the capitalists who conceived the idea of 
building the city of Manchester upon the Merrimack, to do 
some stone-work for him, and in the fall of 1836 Dr. Dean 
confided to him the plans of the Amoskeag Company in 
regard to the acquisition of territory and the erection of 
mills and engaged him to work for the Company. He 
agreed, and in January, 1837, moved to Manchester, his 
being nearly the first family in town. From that time till 
1846 or 1847 he remained in the Company's employ and 
built for it by contract, among other things, the first 
stone dam at Amoskeag Falls, the dam at Hooksett, the 
extension of the canals, the foundation of the first mills 
for the Mancliester corporation, boarding-houses, etc. 

He left the Company's employ when it ceased to do 
work by contract, and in 1849 was appointed superintend- 
ent of the Manchester & Lawrence Railroad, then just be- 
ginning business, having l>een employed before and after in 
negotiations with landholders upon the route. He resigned 
the office of superintendent after a few months and was 
elected a director, a place he had vacated to become super- 
intendent, and continued in that position till about 1860. 
For about five years after he left the Company he was en- 
engaged in the grocery business with George W. Adams, 
now of the firm of Adams & Lamprey. For some time 
afterwards he was busied in selling wild lands in Coos 
county, where he had an interest in thousands of acres. 
About 1858 he became interested in the Manchester L-on 
Company which was engaged in the manufacture of scales 





GOVERNOR OF NEW HAMPSHIRE 18bb -fab. 



The Hon. David A. Bunton. 385 

in the lower part of the city. This failed some years after- 
wards and he was employed in settling its affairs. In com- 
pany with the late Oilman H. Kimball of this city, he was 
engaged two years in cutting wood and lumber in Goffs- 
town. In 1864 he was sent out to Fredericksburg by Gov. 
Gilmore to administer to the needs of the soldiers who had 
been wounded in Grant's campaign before Richmond. In 
1865 he went to live in Cambridge, Mass., while his sons 
went through Harvard College. He spent six years there 
and then returned to Manchester and has since been en- 
gaged in stone-work. 

in 1842 Mr. Bunton was elected as the first Whig rep- 
resentative to the general court from Manchester and was 
re-elected in 1848. He was elected alderman in 1847 and 
served as mayor in 1861 and 1802, being elected by the Re- 
publican party. He has been a director of the Manchester 
Bank and Manchester National Bank and a trustee of the 
Manchester Savings Bank ever since their organization. 

Mr. Bunton married in 1831 Eliza Jane Adams, daughter 
of John Adams of Sutton, N. H., by whom he had seven 
children, of whom the two youngest — William A. and 
George W. — are living. 

It will be noticed that Mr. Bunton played a very import- 
taut part in the city of Manchester in its early years and 
enjoyed to a great degree the confidence of the corpora- 
tions and finally that of the city, having been twice elected 
to its highest office. This confidence has never been mis- 
placed. Honest, liberal, trusting almost to a fault, his 
heart is always in every good word and work. To the 
young men of the city he has been of especial service, aid- 
ing them by his word, by the use of his name and by per- 
sonal commendation. 



386 Manchester. 

the hon. g. byron chandler. 

Greorge Byron Chandler was born November 18, 1832, in 
Bedford, N. H. He is the son of Adam and Sally 
(McAllister) Chandler and one of a family of four child- 
ren, three sons and one daughter, of whom two besides 
himself survive — Henry, of the firm of Plumer, Chandler 
& Company, and John M., of the firm of John M. Chandler 
& Company, both of this city. He acquired an education 
at the academies in Piscataquog village, Gilmanton, Hop- 
kinton and Reed's Ferry, taught school two seasons in 
Bedford, one in Amoskeag village and one in Nashua 
and assisted his father on the farm till he was twenty-one 
years of age. At the age of seventeen he spent one year, 
however, as a civil engineer in the employ of the Boston, 
Concord & Montreal Railroad. 

In March, 1854, he came to this city and became a book- 
keeper for Kidder & Duncklee. In one year from that 
time, March, 1855, he was appointed teller of the Amos- 
keag Bank and held the position till the organization of 
the Amoskeag National Bank in 1864, when he was chosen 
its cashier and now holds that position. He has been a 
long while cashier of the Amoskeag Savings Bank and in 
1874, upon the organization of the People's Savings Bank, 
he was appointed its treasurer. He was a director of the 
old Amoskeag Bank in the last year of its existence and a 
trustee of the Amoskeag Savings Bank from 1867 to 1870. 
He was a director of the Blodget Edge Tool Manufactur- 
ing Company in 1861 and since 1866 has been a director 
of the Amoskeag Axe Company, which succeeded it. In 
1867 he was elected a director of the Manchester and Law- 
rence Railroad, but resigned in 1872 to become its treas- 
urer. He was elected, as the nominee of the Democratic 
party, state senator in 1874. 

Mr. Chandler married, in 1862, Miss Flora A., — daugh- 



The Hon. P. C. Cheney. 387 

ter of the late Hon. Darwin J. Daniels, once mayor of the 
city, — who died in May, 1868, and by whom he had one 
daughter who survived her mother but a short time. For 
his second wife he married, in 1870, Miss Fannie R., daugh- 
ter of Col. B. P. Martin of this city, by whom he has one 
child — Benjamin Martin. 

Mr. Chandler comes of a fine family and was reared, 
under the best of home influences, to habits of honesty and 
accuracy. His father and mother were estimable people, 
of strong minds and straightforward, upright lives. The 
lofty ideas that were instilled into him in youth he has never 
forgotten and his integrity has never been questioned. He 
has had the handling of vast sums of money and the dif- 
ferent corporations he represents have entire confidence in 
his honesty, capacity and financial shrewdness. He is a 
liberal man and good citizen and but once has he turned 
aside from the life of a banker to enter into that of politics, 
and then only for a short time, positively refusing a second 
nomination from his party for the position he had once held. 

THE HON. p. C. CHENEY. 

Person Colby Cheney was born in Holderness, N. H., 
now Ashland, February 25, 1828. He is the son of Moses 
and Abigail (Morrison) Cheney and was one of a family of 
eleven, five sons and six daughters. Of his three surviv- 
ing brothers, one. Dr. 0. B. Cheney, is the president of 
Bates College at Lewiston, Me. ; another, E. H. Cheney, is 
the editor and proprietor of the Granite State Free Press 
at Lebanon, N. H. ; and the third, Moses Cheney, jr., was 
a manufacturer of paper at Henniker, but has retired from 
business. The five sisters now living are Sarah B., wife of 
the Rev. S. D. Abbott of Needham, Mass. ; Abby M., wife of 
George Washburn of Ashland, N. H. ; Ruth E., wife of Jo- 
seph W. Lord of Wollaston, Mass. ; Marcia A., wife of J. 



388 Manchester. 

P. F. Smith of Meredith ; Hattie 0., wife of Dr. C. F. 
Bonney of Manchester. When he was seven years of age, 
his father, a manufacturer of paper at Holderness, moved 
with his family to Peterborough and estabUshed himself 
anew. His youth, except what time he occupied in acquir- 
ing an education in the academies at Peterborough and 
Hancock in this state and at Parsonsfield, Maine, was spent 
in the paper-mill, and when his father sold his business in 
Peterborough to A. P. Morrison and returned to Holder- 
ness, he remained as manager of the mill. 

In partnership with others he built a paper-mill and es- 
tablished himself in business in Peterborough in 1853, 
and, soon buying the interest of his associates, continued 
the business in his own name. In August, 1802, he went 
from Peterborough to take part in the War of the Rebel- 
lion, having been appointed quartermaster of the Thir- 
teenth regiment. Exposure and overwork in the cam- 
paign before Fredericksburg brought on a sickness which 
sent him home and forbade his return to service, and he 
was discharged in August, 1863. In 1866 he removed to 
Manchester and associated himself with Thomas L. Thorpe 
as a dealer in paper stock and also as a manufacturer of 
paper at Gofifstown. In 1868 E. M. Tubbs <fe Company, of 
which firm Mr. Cheney had become a member three years 
before, bought out Mr. Thorpe's interest and the business 
was continued under the name of P. C. Cheney &, Com- 
pany. After the burning of their mill at Goffstown in 
1871, they rebuilt the old mill at Amoskeag village and re- 
sumed business there, having since built a new mill at 
Goffstown. The firm has also, till recently, had an inter- 
est in paper-mills at Henniker and West Henniker, this 
state. 

Mr. Cheney was elected a representative from Peterbor- 
ough in 1853 and 1854, was chosen railroad commissioner 



The Hon. Joseph B. Clark. 389 

in 1864, and mayor of Manchester in 1871. He would 
have been re-elected mayor the next year had he not pos- 
itively refused a re-nomination. He was a director of the 
Peterborough Bank when he came to Manchester and lias 
been president of the People's Savings Bank since its or- 
ganization in 1874. He married May 22, 1850, Miss S. 
Anna Moore, who died January 8, 1858, leaving no chil- 
dren. He married June 29, 1859, Mrs. Sarah W. Keith, 
daughter of Jonathan White, formerly of Lowell, Mass., 
by whom he has one daughter, Agnes Annie Cheney. He 
was nominated by the Republican party for governor in 
1875 and wherever he was known obtained more than the 
usual party vote, but there was no choice by tbe people. 
He will undoubtedly be elected governor in June by the 
legislature. 

Mr. Cheney is a man of clear and vigorous insight, of 
an earnest and strongly sympathetic nature, generous, pa- 
triotic and high-minded. Possessing great administrative 
capacity, he has been a very successful man of business. 
Untiring in his efforts for the good of others, he cares more 
for his friends than himself, and in consequence when an 
opportunity is afforded them to do him a favor, he meets 
with the most cordial support. Interested in all move- 
ments for the public good, he is very popular in whatever 
capacity he appears before the people. 

THE HON. JOSEPH B. CLARK. 

Joseph Bond Clark was born at Gilford, N. H., June 21, 
1823. He is the son of Samuel and Betsey (Clement) 
Clark, and had four brothers and four sisters. One brother 
— Samuel C, a lawyer at Lake Village, N. H., — and a sis- 
ter — Hannah B., wife of William G. Hoyt of Moulton- 
borough, N. H., — suivive. He lived at Gilford till he was 
seventeen years of age and then went to New Hampton 



390 Manchester. 

Institution and spent three years in acquiring an education. 
He entered Brown University at Providence, R. l.,in 1844 
and was graduated there in 1848. He then spent six 
years in teaching in Massachusetts and New Hampshire. 
Meanwhile he was studying law, part of the time with the 
Hon. Asa Fowler of Concord, and later with Stephen C. 
Lyford of Laconia from whose office he was admitted in 
1853 to the Belknap county bar. He was then principal 
of the academy at Wolfeborough and continued in that 
position till he came to Manchester in January, 1855, and 
began the practice of his profession. In September, 1862, 
he received a commission as lieutenant in the Eleventh 
regiment and left his business to take part in the War of 
the Rebellion. In March, 1863, he was promoted to be 
captain, was wounded May G, 1864, in the battle of the 
Wilderness and was discharged June 4, 1865. 

Mr. Clark was city solicitor in 1858 and 1859, represen- 
tative in the state legislature from ward one in 1859 and 
1860, and mayor of the city in 1867. He was appointed 
solicitor for Hillsborough county in 1861 and re-appointed 
in 1866, holding the office for ten years in all. He was a 
director of the Merrimack River Bank from its beginning in 
1858 till it was succeeded by the First National Bank and 
has been a director of the latter since it was organized in 
1865. He has been a trustee of the Merrimack River Sav- 
ings Bank from its beginning in 1858 and a director of 
the Nashua, Acton & Boston Railroad since its organiza- 
tion in 1872. 

Mr. Clark married September 12, 1862, Mrs. Mary Jane 
(Peabody) Smith, daughter of James H. and Roxanna 
Peal)ody of this city, who died August 15, 1873, leaving 
two children — Mary P. and Joseph M. 

It will be seen that Mr. Clark has led an active, stirring 
life since he came into the practice of his profession. He 
has taken part in whatever might be prominent in society 



The Hon. Lewis W. Clark. 391 

at any time, interesting himself in politics, military affairs, 
banking, railways, etc., and his election to the mayoralty of 
the city testifies to the confidence witli which he has been 
regarded as a public man. Cautious, prudent and thought- 
ful, a hard worker and a true friend, he has made a good 
name in the city and is favorably known throughout the 
state. He is a good citizen and was one of the foremost 
men and most liberal givers in the construction of the 
First Baptist church. 

THE HON. LEWIS W. CLARK. 

Lewis Whitehouse Clark was born August 19, 1828, at 
Barnstead, N. H. He is tlie son of Jeremiah and Hannah 
(Whitehouse) Clark, and has one sister — Sarah M., wife 
of Samuel E. Batchelder of Illini, III. He acquired his 
preliminary education in the common schools at Barnstead 
and in the academies at Pittsfield and Atkinson and then 
entered Dartmouth College where he was graduated in 
1850. From August, 18-30, to December, 1852, he w^as 
principal of the academy at Pittsfield. Meanwhile he 
studied^ law, at first with the Hon. Moses Norris and then 
with A. F. L. Norris, at Pittsfield, and was admitted to the 
Belknap county bar from the office of the latter, Septem- 
ber 3, 1852. He then began the practice of his profession 
at Pittsfield and continued there till April 2, 1860, when 
he came to Manchester and formed a partnership with the 
Hon. George W. Morrison and the Hon. Clinton W. Stan- 
ley. He dissolved his connection wnth them in November, 
1866, practiced alone for a year or two and then associ- 
ated himself with Henry H. Huse, continuing this part- 
nership till May 24, 1872, when he was appointed attorney- 
general of New Hampshire to fill the vacancy caused by 
the death of the Hon. William C. Clarke, which position 
he has since retained. He was one of the representatives 



392 Manchester. 

from Pittsfield to the state legislature in 1856 and 1857, 
and in 1865 was the nominee of the Democratic party for 
member of congress from the second congressional district. 

Mr, Clark married December 29, 1852, Miss Helen M., 
daughter of the late Capt. William Knowlton of Pittsfield, 
by whom lie has one daughter and one son, Mary Helen 
and John Lew. 

Few men in New Hampshire have so many warm per- 
sonal friends as the subject of this sketch. A very liberal 
man, of patriotic and high-toned impulses, he is widely 
known and widely liked. He has no superior in the state 
as a ready otf-hand speaker, felicitous in language, eloquent 
in thought and generous in every impulse. He is an ad- 
mirable advocate before a jury, and whenever he appears as 
a public speaker, whether in the performance of his pro- 
fessional duties as the attorney-general of the state, as a 
political orator or in any other capacity, he acquits himself 
with signal ability. 

JOHN B. CLARKE. 

Johu Badger Clarke was born January 30, 1820, at 
Atkinson, N. H., the son of Greenleaf and Julia (Cogswell) 
Clarke. His mother was the daughter of Dr. William 
Cogswell of Atkinson and Judith Badger of Gilmanton 
and was one of a family of nine, of whom two still survive 

— Francis Cogswell of Andover, Mass., formerly president 
of the Boston and Maine Railroad, and George Cogswell, 
a pliysician of Bradford, Mass. Mr. Clarke had one sister 

— Sarah the wife of Col. Samuel Carleton of Haverhill, 
Mass., who still sui-vives, and four brothers. Of the lat- 
ter, Francis, a physician at Andover, Mass., died July 10, 
1852; Moses, a physician at Cambridge, Mass., died March 
27, 1864 ; William C, attorney-general of New Hampshire, 
died April 25, 1872 ; and the Hon. Greenleaf Clarke, the 



John B. Clarke. 393 

only surviving brother, resides upon the homestead in 
Atkinson. 

Mr. Clarke obtained his preliminary education at Atkin- 
son Academy, entered Dartmouth College in 1839 and grad- 
uated in 1843. and was otfcred the Latin oration, which he 
declined. In his senior year he was elected president of 
the Social Friends Society. After graduation he becauie 
principal of the academy at Meredith Bridge, now Laco- 
nia, N. H., and tauglit there from August, 1843, to August, 
1846, studying law meanwhile with Stephen C. Lyford. 
He then removed to Manchester and continued his studies 
with his brother, William C, till the fall of 1848, when he 
was admitted to the bar of Hillsborough county. The next 
year he went to California, sailing from Boston February 2, 
1849, and spent two years there and in New Mexico, Cen- 
tral America and New Grenada, eleven months of the time 
in the mining regions, part of the time with pick-axe and 
shovel and part in the practice of his profession. Return- 
ing east in the spring of 1851, he staid eight weeks in Sa- 
lem, Mass., with a view of entering into practice there, but 
returned in the following May to Manchester, opened an 
office and soon had a living business. February 14, 1852, 
he took charge of the editorial department of the Manches- 
ter Daily Mirror, then published by Joseph C. Emerson, 
agreeing to devote half of his time to it. He continued its 
editor from tliat time till the first of September, when, it 
having become apparent to him that Mr. Emerson, who had 
met with a heavy pecuniary loss in the summer, must sell 
or fail, he gave up his position and devoted himself ex- 
clusively to his profession. The Mirror estalilishment, the 
daily and weekly papers and the job-printing department 
connected with them, were sold at auction October 20, 
1852, and Mr. Clarke became the owner and editor, retired 
from his profession and devoted himself entirely to jour- 
nalism. Since then he has added to the Mirror the Daily 

25 



394 Manchester. 

American, the Weekly American, in which the Messenger 
and the Democrat had ah-eady been merged, and the New- 
Hampshire Journal of Agriculture which included the Gran- 
ite Farmer and the Farmers' Monthly Visitor. The circu- 
lation of the Weekly Mirror is now more than twenty-one 
times as large as when he bought the establishment and 
the circulation of the Daily Mirror more than three times 
as large. 

Mr. Clarke was chosen in 1864 one of the delegates from 
New Hampshire to the national Republican convention 
which re-nominated Abraham Lincoln for president of the 
United States, and at that time was elected for four years a 
member of the national committee of one from each state 
and by that committee was appointed one of the executive 
committee of seven, which consisted of Ex-Gov. Clallin of 
Massachusetts, Ex-Gov. Ward of New Jersey, the Hon. 
Henry J. Raymond of the New York Times and three oth- 
ers beside himself. He was bitterly opposed to the Know- 
Nothing movement of 1854 and 18o5, believing in the larg- 
est religious toleration and in carrying out the ideas of the 
Puritans, who came to this country " to worship God 
according to their own conscience." Since 1852 he has 
refused to be a candidate for any office resulting from tlie 
direct suffrages of the people, believing that it would inter- 
fere with his position and power as an independent jour- 
nalist, and for similar reasons has declined office in the 
various agricultural societies of New England. 

He was elected president of the Tri Kappa Society of 
Dartmouth College in 1863. In 1866 he was appointed by 
Gov. Smyth one of the trustees of the New Hampshire Col- 
lege of Agriculture and the Mechanic Arts, and in 1867, 
1868 and 1869 was elected state printer. He was for two 
years lieutenant-colonel of the Amoskeag Veterans and was 
elected its commander at two dilferent times but declined 
the honor. Since the organization of the Merrimack River 



Thr Hon. William C. Clarke. 395 

Savings Bank iu 1858 he has been one of its trustees. In 
1872 he sp«nt the siunnicr in Europe, traveling through 
Enghmd, Ireland, Scotland, France, Germany and Switzer- 
land. 

Mr. Clarke married, July 29, 1852, Miss Susan Greeley 
Moultou of Gilmanton, N. H., by whom he has two sons — 
Arthur Eastman, born May lo, 1854, and William Cogs- 
well, born March 17, 185(5. They graduated from the high 
school in Manchester, spent a year at Phillips Academy in 
Andover, Mass., and then entered a special course in the 
Chandler Scientific School at Hanover, N. H., from which 
the former graduates in 1875 and the latter in 1876. 

THE HON. WILLIAM C. CLARKE. 

The late William Cogswell Clarke, a brother of the pre- 
ceding, was born at Atkinson, N. H., December 10, 1810, 
the eldest son of Greenleaf and Julia (Cogswell) Clarke. 
He obtained his early education at the academy in Atkin- 
son and entered Dartmouth College in 1828, graduating 
there with high honors in 1832. He was then for a year 
principal of the academy at Gilmanton, while beginning the 
study of law, which he subsequently pursued at the law 
school of Harvard University and in the office of Stephen 
C. Lyford at Meredith Bridge, now Laconia. When ad- 
mitted to the bar in 1886, he began practice at Meredith 
Bridge and four years later, upon the creation of Belknap 
county, he was appointed county solicitor. He held this 
office till the spring of 1844, when he removed to Man- 
chester and engaged in practice. In 1846, at the first city 
election, he was nominated for mayor, but withdrew his 
name after the first ballot. In 1849 he was elected city 
solicitor and held the office two years. In 1850 he was a 
delegate from Manchester to the state constitutional con- 
vention and in 1851 received the appointment of judge of 



396 Manchester. 

probate for Hillsborough county, which office he filled with 
great acceptance until 1856, when his removaVwas among 
the political changes of the period. In ISoo he was of- 
fered, but declined, a position on the bench of the supreme 
court. In 1863 he was appointed attorney-general of the 
state, succeeding the Hon. John Sullivan, then recently 
deceased. He was re-appointed in 1868 and held the office 
until his death in 1872. 

Judge Clarke was a director of the Manchester Bank 
from its organization in 1845 till 184'J and of ttie City 
Bank for ten years subsequent to its organization in 1853, 
and was also a trustee of the Manchester Savings Bank from 
1852 till his death. He was for many years a trustee of 
the Manchester Atheneum, the germ of the present city 
library, and when the latter succeeded it in 1854, he was 
elected a member and clerk of the board of trustees, hold- 
ing both positions till his death. He was the first treas- 
urer of the Manchester & Lawrence Railroad, holding that 
position from July 31, 1847, till his resignation took effect, 
February 8, 1849, and was its clerk from February 28, 
1854, till his death, being also its attorney when in the 
general practice of his profession. In 1854 he was appointed 
and served as a member of the national board of visitors 
to the West Point Military Academy. 

Although always shunning purely political office. Judge 
Clarke was prominent and influential in the Democratic 
party until the outbreak of the War of the Rebellion, when 
he became a conspicuous leader of those Democrats who 
favored the most vigorous measures for its suppression. 
After these ceased to have an independent organization he 
acted with the Republican party. 

In 1834, while yet a student of law, he married Miss 
Anna Maria, only daughter of Stephen L. Greeley of Gil- 
manton, N. H. His wife, now resident in Lake Village, 
N. H., two sons and two daughters, survive him. Stephen 



The Hon. William C. Clarke. 39^7 

G. is a member of the firm of Stanley, Brown & Clarke, 
lawyers of New York city ; Greeuleaf is connected with 
the New York Evening Post ; Anna N. is the wife of Rob- 
ert M. Appleton, a mannfacturer at Lake Village ; and 
Julia C. is a teacher in the state normal school at Framing- 
ham, Mass. Judge Clarke died suddenly at his residence 
in tliis city April 25, 1872. His final illness was very brief 
and he was able to attend to his official duties until within 
a few days of his death. 

Judge Clarke was one of the earliest members of the 
Second Congregational or Franklin-street church, and one 
of the original officers of the society, both of which he 
helped largely to upbuild. In person he was well propor- 
tioned and a very fine looking man. The esteem and af- 
fection in which he was held was indicated by the large at- 
tendance at his funeral not alone of his fellow townsmen, 
but of distinguished men from all parts of the state. The 
pall-bearers were the Hon. Ira Ferley of Concord, formerly 
chief justice of the supreme court, the Hon. Asa Fowler of 
Concord, formerly judge of the supreme court, the Hon. 
Daniel Clark, formerly United States senator and now 
judge of the United States district court, the Hon. E. A. 
Straw, then just elected governor of the state, the Hon. 
David Gillis of Nashua, the Hon. Nathan Parker, the Hon. 
Moody Currier and Col. Phinehas Adams. 

His character was well portrayed in the resolutions which 
were drawn up by the Hon. Isaac W. Smith, now justice of 
the superior court of judicature, and adopted by the bar of 
Hillsborough county at the term of the supreme court held 
the next month after his death. In these he is said to have 
been " a public officer faithful and upright, discharging his 
official duties with signal ability ; a lawyer of large experi- 
ence in his profession, of well balanced judgment and dis- 
cretion, well read in the principles of the law and faithful 
alike to the court and his client ; a citizen patriotic and pub- 



398 Manchester, 

lie-spirited ; in his private relations a gentleman of unblem- 
islied reputation, distinguished for his high-toned cliarac- 
ter, affable manners and uniform courtesy ; and illustrating 
in his public and private life the character of a Christian 
gentleman governed by the principles which he was not 
ashamed to profess." 

DR. JOSIAH CROSBY. 

Josiah Crosby was born in Sandwich, N. H., February 1, 
1794, and was the son of Dr. Asa and Betsy (Eloit) Crosby, 
she being the daughter of Col. Nathan Hoit of Moulton- 
borough, for many years judge of the court of common 
pleas. They had ten children. John, the eldest, died in 
Sandwich in 1872; Asa, a merchant of New York, died in 
Hayti, W. L, in 1826; Betsy, widow of the late Samuel 
Beedy, died at Edinboro', Pa. ; Josiah, the subject of this 
sketch, was the next in order of birth ; Sarah, the widow of 
the late Dr. Oilman M. Burleigh, formerly of Sandwich, 
resides at Dexter, Me.; Mary, the widow of the late Daniel 
Stevens, lives in Edinboro', Pa. ; Natlian has been judge of 
the police court at Lowell, Mass., for the i)ast thirty years ; 
Dixi, who was many years professor in the medical school 
at Dartmouth College, died in 1873; Grace Reed married 
the late Dr. Enos Hoyt, formerly of Northfield, N. H., but 
subsequently of Framingham, Mass., where she now resides; 
one child died in infancy. Dr. Asa subsequently married 
Miss Abigail Russell, daughter of Thomas Russell of Con- 
w^ay, by whom he had seven children, of whom five died 
young. Alpheus, first professor of Greek and Latin and 
then of Greek alone at Dartmouth College from 1833 to 
1849, and subsequently principal of the state normal school 
at Salem, Mass., died at Salem in 1874 ; Thomas Russell, 
who once practiced medicine in this city and was after- 
wards professor at Norwich University at Norwich, Vt., and 
in the scientific school at Dartmouth College, died in 1874. 



Dr. Josiah Crosby. 399 

The subject of this sketch received his preliminary edu- 
cation at Fryeburg, Me., and at Amherst, N. H., studied 
medicine with his father and at Hanover with Dr. Nathan 
Smith, and graduated in 1816 from the medical school at 
Hanover, succeeding that year to his father's practice in 
Sandwich. Thence he removed to Deerfield, then to Epsom 
as a more central location, and then to Concord as a 
still larger i)lace. He was afterwards induced to go to 
Lowell, Mass., by the influence of a prominent manufac- 
turer of that town who was in search of a trustworthy 
physician. He soon acquired a large practice there, but 
was called by the death of his father-in-law to Mereditii 
Bridge, now Laconia, where he took charge of the estate. 
Among the property were some mills at Meredith Bridge 
and he formed a company under the name of the Belknap 
Mills, becoming its agent and remaining such till its failure 
in 1837. When his brother Dixi, then a physician in the 
same town, forsook his practice to become a professor in 
the medical school at Hanover, he succeeded to his busi- 
ness and practiced there till March, 1844, when he came to 
this city, where he pursued his profession till his death, 
which occurred January 7, 1875, from the effects of a par- 
alytic shock. 

Dr. Crosby married, in 1829, Miss Olive L. Avery, who 
survives him, together with two sons — Stephen L., a civil 
engineer and now resident in Manchester, and George A., 
who has become heir to his father's practice. 

Dr. Crosby was a representative from Manchester to the 
state legislature for two years, was a member of the state 
constitutional convention of 1850 and was one of the school 
committee of this city in 1849, 1850 and 1851. He was a 
trustee of the Manchester Savings Bank from 1856 till his 
death. He became a member of the New Hampshire Med- 
ical Society in 1818, and in 1850 was its president. In 
1857 he was elected one of the vice-presidents of the 



400 Manchester. 

American Medical Association and was an honorary mem- 
ber of tlie Massachusetts Medical Society. Upon his com- 
ing to Manchester he at once took the lead of the profes- 
sion in the city, acquired a very large practice and became 
widely known in the state and beyond it as a contributor to 
medical journals. He gained a high reputation by intro- 
ducing into medical practice the application of adhesive 
plaster in making extensions of fractured liml)s, a method 
highly commended at the time and now in use all over the 
world. He was also the inventor of an invalid-bed for the 
use of patients with fractured limbs, which proved its util- 
ity by its general adoption. 

Dr. Crosby was a man of the highest rank in his profes- 
sion, studious, careful and thorough ; of perfect honor, pu- 
rity and integrity. He was a gentleman of the old school, 
gentle-mannered and kindly, of fine personal appearance 
and held in the highest esteem by the residents of a city in 
which he scarcely had an enemy. He was the instructor 
of many young men in the course of his practice and was 
their friend and counsellor as well. He was a man of very 
regular and methodical habits which prolonged his life to a 
hale old age. 

THE HON. MOODY CURRIER. 

Moody Currier was born April 22, 1806, at Boscawen, 
N. H. He afterwards lived in Dunbarton and Bow, work- 
ing on a farm in the summer, going to school in the fall 
and teaching in the winter. District schools were then 
kept but six weeks in the year and Mr. Currier acquired 
all the English studies at home, studying evenings by the 
light of pitch knots and tallow candles. He fitted for 
college at Hopkinton Academy and then entered Dart- 
mouth College, graduating, together with the Hon. Daniel 
Clark of this city, in the class of 1834. 




, ^^. (2f7>Z.^^c^'^ 



The Hon. Moody Currier. 401 

The succeeding fall he taught school in Concord, and, in 
company with the Hon. Asa Fowler of that city, edited the 
New Hanij)shirc Literary Gazette. Then he went to Hop- 
kinton and was principal of the academy there for a year, 
and in 1836 went to Lowell, Mass., to take charge of the 
high school there, continuing its master till the spring of 
1841, when he removed to Manchester. During his stay at 
Hopkinton and Lowell he had studied law, and, upon com- 
ing to this city, he was admitted to the Itar and formed a 
partnership with the Hon. George W. Morrison for the 
practice of his profession. The Manchester Democrat, a 
weekly newspaper, was started in 1842 by Kimball & Kid- 
der, and soon afterwards the latter's interest was bought 
by^Iorrison & Currier. The latter gave part of his time 
to editorial labor, and later bought Mr. Morrison's fourth 
of the paper, disposing of his own interest in it not long 
afterward. His partnership in legal practice with Mr. Mor- 
rison was dissolved in 1843, and he pursued his profession 
independently till 1848, when he became cashier of the old 
Amoskeag Bank then just organized, and has continued in 
the banking business ever since. 

When the Amoskeag Savings Bank was organized in 1852, 
he was appointed its treasurer and still holds the office. 
He has been president of the Amoskeag National Bank 
since its organization in 1864, director of the People's 
Savings Bank from its formation in 1874, director of the 
Blodget Edge Tool Company during its existence and pres- 
ident and treasurer of the Amoskeag Axe Company since 
it succeeded the former in 1862, director of the Manches- 
ter Gas-Light Company since 1862, director of the Man- 
chester Mills since its organization in 1874, treasurer of 
the Concord & Portsmouth Railroad since 1856, treasurer 
of the Concord Railroad in 1871 and 1872, and is the 
treasurer of the New Englai d Loan Company. 

He was clerk of the New Hampshire Senate in 1843 and 



402 Manchester. 

1844 ; was elected a member of that body by the Republi- 
cans of the third district in 1856 and 1857, being its pres- 
ident in the latter year, and was elected a councilor by the 
Republicans in 1860 and 1861'. He was the chairman of 
the war committee of the governor and council for the first 
fifteen months of the war and did the chief business of 
that body, showing great executive ability in raising and 
equipping troops and starting into life a new military or- 
ganization. Manchester in particular has reason to be 
grateful to him for what he did. 

Mr. Currier has three times married ; first. Miss Lucre- 
tia C. Dustin, December 8, 1836; second, Miss Mary W. 
Kidder, September 5, 1847 ; third. Miss Hannah A. Slade, 
November 16, 1869. He has had three children, of whom 
one survives — Charles M., teller of the Amoskeag National 
Bank in this city. 

Mr. Currier is a marked man. He does his own think- 
ing and has carved out his own success. He has built up 
and now manages the largest banking institutions in the 
state, and his great reputation with the outside world is 
justly that of a financier. But his ability in that line is 
equaled, if not excelled, by his remarkable scholarship. 
Educated for a profession and once a teacher, lawyer and 
editor, he has found time, in the midst of the busy life he 
has since led, to preserve and strengthen the tastes of a 
lover of art and literature. Well versed in the exact sci- 
ences, keeping pace with modern thought in art, science 
and religion, perfectly at home among the Latin and Greek 
autiiors, he has educated himself to read French at sight, 
is familiar with German, Italian and Spanish, and has writ- 
ten enough fugitive pieces of poetry for his own recreation 
to fill a volume. It is remarkable to find literary tastes and 
financial capacity united, both in such high degree, and we 
know of no other business man in the state who is so fine 
a scholar. 



Col. M. V. B. Edgerly. 403 

COL. M. V. B. EDGERLY. 

Martin Van Burcii Edgerly was born in Barnstead, N. H., 
Septenilier 2l!, 1838. He is the son of Samuel J. and Eliza 
(Bickford) Edgerly and was one of a family of nine chil- 
dren, five sons and four daughters, of whom five besides 
himself survive. Andrew J. of North Haverhill, N. H., 
is adjutant-general of the state; Joseph G., Clarence M. 
and Araminta C. are all resident in this city, the first hav- 
ing been for the past eight years its superintendent of pub- 
lic instruction, the second an insurance agent and the last 
a teacher in the public schools ; Hannah A. is the wife of 
Ambrose Pearson, a civil engineer of Wilton, N. H. 

The subject of this sketch came to this city with his 
parents when twelve years old, went to school for a time 
and then worked in the mills and machine-shop of the 
Amoskeag Manufacturing Company, where he remained 
till October, 1856, when he opened a drug-store in company 
with Lewis H. Parker. In a little less than a year he 
removed to Pittsfield, N. H., and in 1859 he entered into 
the insurance business, becoming an agent of several com- 
panies, among which was the Massachusetts Mutual Life 
Insurance Company of Springfield, Mass. In 1860 he was 
appointed by that company its general agent for New 
Hampshire and opened an office in Manchester, whither 
he removed in November, 1863, having become the general 
agent also for Vermont and northern New York. In 1868 
he was appointed superintendent of all the company's 
agencies and spent two years in establishing agencies in 
the west, while retaining his own at home. In 1870 he 
resigned his place as superintendent but continued in 
charge of the northern New York, Vermont and New 
Hampshire agencies and in September, 1874, accepted in 
addition the Boston agency, the oldest in the company. 



404 Manchester. 

Mr. Edgerly acquired the rank of colonel by service as 
the chief of Gov. Weston's staff in 1871, was a delegate in 
1872 to the national Democratic convention at Baltimore 
which nominated Hoi-ace Greeley for President, was the 
treasurer of the Democratic state committee in 1871 and 
1872, and is now a member from New Hampshire of the 
Democratic national executive committee. He served as 
alderman of this city from ward four in 1874. He has 
been a trustee of the Merrimack River Savings Bank since 
1864, a director of the New Hampshire Fire Insurance 
Company since its organization in 18G9, a director of the 
Suncook Valley Railroad since 1871 and was commander 
of the Amoskeag Veterans in 1873 and 1874. In Decem- 
ber, 1874, he was appointed by President Grant an altern- 
ate commissioner to represent the state of New Hampshire 
at the centennial celebration of the nation in 1876 at Phi- 
ladelphia, Pa. 

Col. Edgerly married, March 7, 1854, Miss Alvina Bar- 
ney of Danbury, by whom he has had three children of 
whom two are living — Clinton Johnson and Mabel Clayton. 

Mr. Edgerly is a man of excellent business habits and 
remarkable executive ability. He has a strong, clear mind, 
determines what is to be done and then does it at once. This 
combination of discernment and energy have given him his 
great success in the insurance business, greater than that 
of any other man in New Hampshire. He is a man of fine 
personal appearance, of gentlemanly bearing and a liberal 
disposition, which with his social nature have enabled liim 
to gather about himself a host of personal friends. He is 
perfectly honorable in his dealings, is a good citizen and 
has been often talked of as the Democratic candidate for 
mayor of the city and for other and higher political offices, 
but has steadily and sensibly declined, with rare exception, 
to allow the use of his name. 



The Hon. Moses Fellows. '405 

the hon. moses fellows. 

Moses Fellows was born at Brentwood, N. H., November 
7, 1803. He is the son of Simon and Dorothy (Bartlett) 
Fellows, and one of a family of three sons and four daugh- 
ters, of whom all but one — Hannah, wife of John Calef of 
this city — survive. George, Stephen and Ploome, the wife 
of John Gordon, reside in Brentwood ; Dorothy, widow of 
the late Samuel Hanson, and Sally, widow of the late Rich- 
ard Bartlett, reside in Kingston. 

Mr. Fellows spent the early part of his life in Brentwood 
upon his father's farm and in his store, acquiring an edu- 
cation in the district school, and in 1826 went into busi- 
ness for himself, continuing in Brentwood till May, 1833, 
wlien he removed to Manchester, taking up his abode in 
that part of it known as Moore's village or Goflfe's Falls, 
where he has ever since resided. For nineteen years he 
continued in business there, nearly all of the time a whole- 
sale manufacturer of shoes, but he met with reverses and 
retired from business in 1852 and has since occupied him- 
self in the cultivation of his farm. Mr. Fellows, while in 
Brentwood, was a member of the state militia, being com- 
missioned captain, but resigned in 1827. After his com- 
ing to Manchester, he was chairman of the board of select- 
men in 1842, 1843 and 1846, and also in the latter year a 
member of the first board of aldermen the city chose. In 
1847 and 1848 he was sent as a representative to the legis- 
lature and was mayor of tlie city in 1850 and 1851. Capt. 
Fellows married, July 5, 1829, Mrs. Nancy Bartlette, by 
whom he had one daughter, who died in 1853. 

In the early days of the city, Mr. Fellows, a manufac- 
turer of shoes upon a large scale and with many men in 
his employ, was a prominent citizen and had a large influ- 
ence. He is a very genial man,' courteous and affiible, en- 
tertaining in conversation and so very companionable, and 



406 Manchester. 

has liad many warm friends who were ready to make sacri- 
fices for him. Since he retired from business, however, he 
has mixed little in public life and has had no opportunity 
to develop his stronger characteristics. 

THE HON. HERMAN FOSTER. 

Herman Foster was born at Andover, Mass., October 31, 
1800, and was the son of John and Mary (Danforth) Fos- 
ter. His mother died two years after his birth, survived 
by one daughter, Sabra, who married Dr. Isaac Tcwksbury 
of Hampstead and since deceased. His father subsequently 
married Miss Lucy Hastings of Bolton, Mass., by whom he 
had six children, of whom Charles, the eldest, died at 
Charlestown, Mass., in 1850 ; two others died at an early 
age ; and there are now living Emily, the wife of Ebenezer 
S. Badger of Warner, John, a wealthy retired merchant of 
Boston and formerly the head of the firm of Foster & Tay- 
lor, and George, late state senator from this district and 
resident in Bedford. 

Mr. Foster's father was a merchant and moved, when 
the former was ten years old, to Nottingham West, now 
Hudson, this state, subsequently removing to Warner. 
Mr. Foster acquired his education at the common schools 
and at the academy in Derry, intending to pursue a colle- 
giate course. This design he was compelled to relinquish 
by the partial failure of his eyesight. Dartmouth College, 
however, conferred upon him in 1861 the honorary degree 
of Master of Arts. He taught school for a time in several 
places in Massachusetts and then established himself in a 
mercantile business in Boston. After following this pur- 
suit for some years he went to Warner, where his father 
then resided, and began the study of law in the ofiice of the 
Hon. Henry B. Chase of that town and was admitted to the 
bar in 1839. In November of the next year he came to 



The Hon. Herman Foster. 407 

Manchester and began the practice of his profession, con- 
tinuing here from that time till his death and building up 
a large office business. In 1851 he formed a partnership 
with tlie Hon. Isaac W. Smith and subsequently with the 
Hon. B. F. Ayer, now of Chicago, III., dissolving his con- 
nection with the latter in the early part of 1857, since when 
he has practiced independently. He died February 17, 1875, 
at his residence in this city, of a chronic difficulty of the 
lungs. He married November 8, 1826, Miss Harriet Mary 
Ann Whittemore, daughter of Amos Whittemore, of West 
Cambridge, now Arlington, Mass., by whom he had two 
children, who died in infancy, Mrs. Foster being thus the 
only surviving member of the family. 

Mr. Foster was treasurer of the town of Manchester in 
1842 and 1843 and solicitor of the city in 1857. He was 
sent to represent the city in the house of representatives 
of the state in 1845 and 1846, and again in 1868 and 1869. 
He was state senator in 1860 and 1861, being president of 
the senate in the latter year. In August, 1862, he was 
appointed by President Lincoln assessor of internal revenue 
for the second district of New Hampshire, resigning in 
February of the next year. He was the treasurer and 
clerk of the Manchester Gas-Light Company from its organ- 
ization in 1850 till his death. He was a director of the 
Amoskeag Bank from 1853 till its books were closed in 
1868, a director of the Amoskeag National Bank from 1871 
till his death, and was a trustee and one of the committee 
of investment of the Manchester Savings Bank from its 
organization in 1846. He was one of the founders of the 
First Unitarian Society and was its president in 1863 and 
1864. 

Mr. Foster was a marked man, of positive traits of char- 
acter. Coming here when the town had just begun a new 
life, he grew up with it in the confidence and respect of its 
inhabitants. His perception was accurate, his judgment 



408 Manchester. 

sound and trustworthy, his intelligence wide and clear. 
He. was a strong, decided, independent man. He had a 
remarkable memory for dates and places, persons and 
things. In business he was very methodical, cautious, 
painstaking, slow to make up his mind but sure of it when 
he expressed it. He was a safe counsellor, an upright and 
honest man and a good citizen. 

THE HON. E. W. HARRINGTON. 

Edward Wetherbee Harrington was born June 21, 1816, 
at Acton, Mass. He is the son of Edward and Polly 
(Wetherbee) Harrington, and has one sister, Mary H., the 
widow of the late Elial) Grimes of Acton, Mass., and one 
brother, Phinehas, who left this city for California in 1850. 
He worked on a farm in the summer and went to the 
district school in the winter till he was eighteen years old, 
when he went to Boston to work in a grocery store, remain- 
ing there till 1838, when he returned to his home in 
Acton. 

At that time his brother was engaged in bricklaying on 
some of the mills then in process of construction in Man- 
chester, and his prophecy of the speedy growth of a large 
city induced Mr. Harrington to come to this place on the 
first of January, 1839. March 2l5, 1S39, he opened a res- 
taurant in a building on Elm street near Lowell, now occu- 
pied as a market by R. M. Miller, and which was the first 
house completed on the eastern side of Elm street. There 
were then no hotels and no other restaurant, but there 
were a large number of people at work upon the mills, 
and this gave him a large business. In the fall of 1841 he 
removed to the basement of Union building now occupied 
by H. D. Corliss, which was the first building finished on 
the western side of Elm street. Mr. Harrington contin- 
ued to occupy the restaurant till October, 1853, when the 



The Hon. E. W. Harrington. 409 

City Bank was organized and he became its cashier, con- 
tinuing such till its dissolution and l)econiing cashier of 
the City National Bank which succeeded it. 

Mr. Harrington was foreman of the first hook-and-ladder 
company in the city, whose house occupied the lot on the 
corner of Market and Franklin streets where the Franklin- 
street church now stands, and was assistant-engineer of 
the lire department in 1856, 1858 and 1802. He acquired 
the rank of captain from liis long service as commander of 
the "Stark Guards," a military company organized in 1840. 
He was elected mayor by the Democratic party for the year 
1859 and re-elected for the succeeding year. In 1864 and 
1865 he was the Democratic candidate for governor of the 
state and in 1867 and 1869 for representative to congress. 
He was a member of the national Democratic convention 
at Charleston in 1860 which nominated Stephen A. Doug- 
las for president and of the succeeding convention in 1864 
which nominated George B. McClellan. He was also a 
delegate to the " national union convention " which was 
organized by Reverdy Johnson and which met at Phila- 
delphia in 1866. Mr. Harrington is a very prominent 
Free Masou, having taken the thirty-third degree. He was 
Master of Washington Lodge in 1857, the first year of its 
existence under a charter, Commander of Trinity Com- 
mandry in 1865 and 1866, Higli Priest of Mount Horeb 
Royal Arch Chapter in 1857 and 1858, and at one time 
Grand High Priest of the Grand Chapter of the state. 

Mr. Harrington married in May, 1843, Miss Frances M. 
Dearborn, who died in November, 1844, leaving one daugh- 
ter, Frances M., the wife of John P. Bartlett, city solicitor 
of Manchester. In May, 1849, he married Miss Margaret 
A. Bond, by whom he has had four children, of whom two 
— Edward W., jr., and Delana B. — are still living and re- 
side at home in this city. 

Mr. Harrington has been a leading man in the history of 

26 



410 Manchester. 

this city. Self-made, relying upon his own judgment, he 
dares do what he thinks is best. He is a man with what 
Lord Bacon calls " good roundabout common sense." His 
mind is well balanced, his conclusions are better tiian his 
reasons, and his instinctive ideas in reference to the values 
of property or what is best for the city are geneially worth 
more ui)on their fust expression than the judgments of 
others after long reasoning. He made a good mayor, was 
the first to pave the streets and the first who had the cour- 
age to introduce steam fire engines in the face of large or- 
ganizations which favored the old hand-engines. Liberal in 
his ideas and liberal with his purse, he has done a great 
deal to help those who could not help themselves, particu- 
larly young men. Few men are better versed in the ways 
of the world or understand better the motives which actu- 
ate mankind. 

GEN. NATT HEAD. 

Natt Head was born at Hooksett, N. H., May 20, 1828, 
and is the son of Col. John and Anna (Brown) Head. He 
was one of a family of five children — Hannah A., wife of 
Col. Josiah Stevens of this city ; the late Sally B., wife 
of Hall B. Emery of Pembroke, N. H. ; Natt, the subject 
of this sketch ; William F., of Hooksett ; John A., who re- 
sides in Iowa. His father, who died in 1836, was a farmer 
and largely engaged in lumbering. He, in company with 
his brother William F., succeeded to his father's business 
and they are extensive farmers, lumber-dealers and manu- 
facturers of brick in Hooksett, and, in company with Frank 
Dowst, contractors and builders in Manchester. They have 
furnished a large part of the brick used in this city for the 
past fifteen years. 

Mr. Head, as the contractor, built several miles of the 
old Portsmouth railway, which ran from Suncook to Can- 



Gen, Natt Head. 411 

dia, built the new railway and bridges from Suncook to 
Hooksett and the Suncook Valley railway from Suncook 
to Pittsfield. When the soldiers' military asylum near 
Augusta, Me., was burned, he was sent to assume the 
charge of the institution during the illness of the deputy 
governor and afterwards rebuilt the asylum. He has filled 
various town offices, was appointed in ISoT deputy sheriff, 
and was a representative from Hooksett in the state legisla- 
ture in 1861 and 1862. In 1863 and 1861 he was the chief 
of Gov. Gilmore's staff and in 1864 was chosen adjutant-, 
inspector- and quartermaster-general of the state, which 
office he held till 1870. He was the Republican candidate 
for state senator from the Second district, in 1875, but 
there was no election by tlie people. 

Gen. Head was for a long time a director of the New 
Hampshire Agricultural Society and has been its president 
for ten or a dozen years, and for the past four or five years 
has been a director of the New England Agricultural Soci- 
ety. In 1869 he was appointed by Gov. Stearns a trustee 
of the New Hampshire College of Agriculture and the 
Mechanic Arts. Prom his father, who was for many years 
an officer in the state militia, and from his grandfather, 
Capt. Nathaniel Head, who served as an pfficer through 
the Revolutionary War, Gen. Head inherits military taste 
and spirit. In 1847 he was appointed fife-major in the 
Eleventh regiment of the state militia and served four 
years, and in later times he was the chief bugler of the 
Governor's Horse Guards. He was the commander of the 
Amoskeag Veterans of Manchester in 1869, 1870, 1871 
and 1872, is an honorary member of the Boston Lancers 
and is the first sergeant in command of the first company of 
infantry in the Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company 
of Boston. 

Gen. Head is a prominent Free Mason, being a member 
of Washington Lodge, Mount Horeb Royal Arch Chapter, 



412 Manchester. 

Adoniram Council and Trinity Commandry of Manchester. 
He is also a member of the Supreme Council, haviug taken 
all the degrees of the Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite, 
including the thirty-third, and all the degrees in the Rite of 
Memphis to the ninety-fourth. He is also a member of 
Howard Lodge and Hildreth Ehcampment of Odd Fel- 
lows, at Suncook, and a member of Oriental Lodge of the 
Knights of Pythias of the same place. 

Gen. Head has been a director of the Suncook Valley 
Railroad since it was organized, and the president of the 
China Savings Bank at Suncook since it was started. He 
was a director of the Merrimack River Bank from i860 till 
it was merged in the First National Bank and has been a 
director of the latter since it was formed in 1865. 

Gen, Head married, November 18, 1863, Miss Abbie M. 
Sanford of Lowell, Mass., by whom he has had three chil- 
dren — Annie Sanford, Lewis Fisher and Alice Ferley. 
The son died March 4, 1873. 

Geu. Head stands conspicuous for social, genial quali- 
ties, for good nature and strong, sound sense. He is always 
practical, his opinions are good on all topics to which he 
has given any attention and he never ventures opinions on 
subjects with which he is not familiar. He is a successful 
business man and won a lasting popularity among soldiers 
and citizens during the late war by his earnest and liberal 
efforts in his position as adjutant-general of the state. 
Few men have so wide a circle of strong personal friends. 
He has been talked of for some of the highest offices in 
the gift of the people of the state and for some years past 
has had votes at all the nominating conventions of his 
party for governor. 



The Hon. John Hosley. 413 

the hon. john hosley. 

John Hosley was horn May 12, 1826, in Hancock, N. H., 
of Revohitionary stock, his grandfather having been a cap- 
tain in the war of 1775. He is the son of Samuel and 
Sophia (Wilson) lloslcy and was one of a family of nine, 
of whom alsok survive Martha E., wife of George G. Wads- 
worth of Franklin, N. H., and Lucretia J., wife of Oliver 
Dearborn of Manchester. He was brought up on his fath- 
er's farm and gained what education the common schools 
of Hancock afforded till he was twenty years old. In 1846 
he came to Manchester and entered the employ of Mose* 
Fellows at Gofife's Falls as a shoe-cutter and continued 
with him three years. Then he entered one of the weav- 
ing rooms in the Amoskeag Company's mills. 

He continued in the Company's employ till 1851 when 
he went to California and was gone about two years. Upon 
his return in 1853 he went into the grocery business in 
company with Jacob Nichols. After a year, however, he 
became an overseer in the Amoskeag mills and continued 
in that position till he was elected mayor in 1865 by the 
city councils to fill the vacancy caused by the death of the 
Hon. Darwin J. Daniels. In the fall of that year he was 
elected by the people, being nominated as a citizens' candi- 
date, and served through 1866. Since that time he has 
been engaged in farming till 1874, when he Avas elected 
collector of taxes by a Democratic board of mayor and 
aldermen, which office he now holds. 

Mr. Hosley represented ward one in the common council 
in 1856 and 1857, in the board of education in 1861 and 
1862, in the board of mayor and aldermen in 1863 and 
1864, and was elected a member of the latter board from 
ward six in 1871. He was a member of the " national 
union convention " which met at Philadelphia in 1865. He 
is a Free Mason and has been chosen master of Lafayette 



414 Manchester. 

Lodge but declined the position, and has held the highest 
ofBce in Hillsborough Lodge of Odd Fellows. Mr. Hosley 
married, in 1854, Miss Dorothy H. Jones of Weare, by 
whom he has had one child, Marion J., who is living. 

At a glance one sees that Mr. Hosley is a man of no 
common abilities. He has grown up with Manchester as 
town and city and has done his part in moulding its policy 
in governmental affairs. He is a man who has had hereto- 
fore and always will have a large following of men who 
believe in his wisdom, his caj)acity and especially his strict 
integrity. His record as a mayor showed well financially 
and his administration was one of the most economical 
ones in the history of the city. He is a genial gentleman, 
well versed in the courtesies of life, and a very close and 
accurate observer of human nature. 

THE HON. JACOB F. JAMES. 

Jacob F. James was born in Deerfield, N. H., July 9, 
1817, and is the son of Moses and Martha (Young) James. 
He had six brothers and one sister, of whom there survive 
Joseph Y.,of Warren, Fenn., Josiah S., of Raymond, N. H., 
and Mary F., the wife of Loring Pickering, of Brooklyn, 
N. Y. His father, a farmer, removed to Candia shortly af- 
ter the birth of his son, and the latter spent his boyhood 
in farming. At the age of fourteen he went to Lowell and 
became an operative in one of the cai-ding-rooms in a mill 
owned by the Lowell Manufacturing Company. 

After spending four years in Lowell, he left the mills and 
entered the old Baptist seminary at New Hampton, N. H., 
since removed to Fairfax, Vt., where he spent two years, 
Dr. Charles Wells and Joseph E. Bennett of this city being 
pupils of the institution at the same time. In April, 1837, 
he returned to Lowell to take charge of the carding-room 
in which he had worked, and, three years later, he left that 



The Hon. Jacob F. James. 415 

mill to superintend a carding-room for the Massachusetts 
corporation in the same place. 

In February, 1842, he accepted an invitation to come to 
Manchester and take charge of the two carding-rooms in 
number one mill belonging to the Stark Mills, and in less 
than two years was made overseer of all the carding-rooms 
in the yard, keeping this position till September, 1845, 
since when he has devoted himself to making surveys and 
conveyances, a business of which he had acquired a knowl- 
edge at school. 

In 1845 Mr. James was elected, by the Whig party, rep- 
resentative to the general court from Manchester, and was 
re-elected the next year. In the spring of 1847 he was 
elected mayor and served through 1847 and 1848 and till 
October, 1849, when he was displaced by the election of 
Warren L. Lane. He was the nominee of the Republican 
party in the fall of 1856 and was elected by a large major- 
ity, serving through 1857. He was the chief engineer of 
the fire department in 1851 and 1855. In 1862 he was 
the second member of the committee which had charge of 
building the new high-school house and devoted consider- 
able time to the superintendence of the work. He was six 
years one of the county commissioners for Hillsborough 
county, being elected in 1864 and re-elected in 1867. Since 
1867, as a member of the committee which has the public 
cemeteries of the city in charge, he has given much atten- 
tion to their care and decoration. He has been a trustee 
of the Amoskeag Savings Bank since its organization. 

Mr. James married, in 1840, Harriet, the daughter of 
Charles Priest of Lancaster, Mass., who is still living. 
They have had three children, all of whom are dead. 

Mr. James has borne a very conspicuous part in Man. 
Chester since it became a city. He has enjoyed to a remark- 
able degree the confidence of the people, a confidence he 
has never forfeited. Honest and trustworthy in whatever 



416 Manchester. 

position he holds, whether as the highest official of the 
city, as the executor or administrator of the numerons es- 
tates with the settlement of which he has been entrusted, 
or as a guardian of children, he always discharges his du- 
ties conscientiously and with high notions of riglit and 
wrong. Careful, prudent and circumspect, he is highly 
esteemed by those who have been obliged to look to others 
for advice in business or other relations. 

THE HON. WARREN L. LANE. 

Warren Lovejoy Lane was born at Sanbornton, N. H., 
August 31, 1805, and was the son of Daniel and Lydia 
(Lovejoy) Lane. He was tiie eldest of a family of two 
sons and three daughters, of whom he was the last sur- 
vivor. His giandfatber on bis mother's side enlisted as a 
minute-man in the Revolutionary War and was wounded 
at the battle of Bunker Hill. He died March 4, 1861, over 
fifty-five years old. 

His father died when he was quite young, leaving him 
the responsibility which falls upon the eldest son. He le- 
moved to Hampstead, N. H., when he was about fourteen 
years of age and was apprenticed to a manufacturer and 
tanner and then was a clerk in a country store. While there 
he married, September 23, 1827, Miss Sally C, daughter of 
Dr. Joshua Sawyer of Hampstead, by whom he had three 
sons and one daughter, of whom only Daniel W. Lane, as- 
sistant cashier of the City National Bank, survives. He 
early took an interest in political matters, was often elected 
to the town offices and in 1841 and 1842 represented Hamp- 
stead in the popular branch of the state legislature. While 
a resident of that town he held a military commission from 
Gov. Morrill, Gov. Harvey and Gov. Harper. In 1832 he 
received from President Van Buren the appointment of 
deputy United States marshal and took the census of thir- 
teen towns in Rockingham county. 



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Col. B. F. Martin. 417 

In 1842 he removed to Manchester and engaged in the 
West India goods trade, but in 1845 he was appointed post- 
master by President Polk and served four years. He liad 
been in 1844 cliairman of the board of selectmen and in 
1849 was elected mayor of the city by the Democratic 
party. In 1850 he was the chief engineer of the fire de- 
partment and the same year was appointed special justice 
of the police court. In 1851 he was appointed insurance 
commij?sioner by Gov. Dinsmoor, and in 1853 he was made 
deputy-sheriff for Hillsborough, Rockingham and Merri- 
mack counties, holding that position till the overthrow of 
the Democratic party in 1855. 

In the early days of Manchester Mr. Lane was one of 
the active, stirring and prominent men. Before he was ap- 
pointed special justice of the police court his reputation 
was such that he was made, by consent of the parties inter- 
ested, what would now be called a referee or final arbitra- 
tor, in ijumerous cases. He possessed a sound, strong 
mind and a clear head and was disposed to do what was 
fair and right between man and man. His social nature 
was largely developed and he drew around himself a large 
circle of admiring friends who delighted to honor him with 
some position. He always filled with great acccj)tance the 
offices he held and from their number can be deduced his 
popularity. 

COL. B. p. MARTIN. 

Benjamin Franklin Martin was born July 21, 1813, at 
Peacham, Vt. He is the son of Truman and Mary (Xoyes) 
Martin and one of a family of five sons and four daugh- 
ters, of whom but two besides himself survive, Truman 
and Hannah N., who live on the homestead at Peacham. 
He assisted his father in farming, acquiring meanwhile an 
education in the common schools and at Peacham Acad- 



418 Manchester. 

emy, till he was eighteen years of age, when he went to 
Meredith Bridge (now Laconia) to learn the trade of a 
paper-maker in his brother's mill. He spent one year 
there and then went to Millbury, Mass., and worked a year 
as a journeyman in a paper-mill. At the end of that time 
he went into business with his brother-in-law, the late 
Thomas Rice, at Newton Lower Falls, Mass., where he man- 
ufactured paper till 1844, when the partnership was dis- 
solved and he bought a mill at Middleton, Mass., and re- 
mained there nine years. 

In 1853 he had perfected arrangements to remove to 
Lawrence, Mass., but in consequence of some inducements 
which were offered him, he came to Manchester instead 
and built the Amoskeag })aper-mill upon the upper canal 
just above what are now the Langdon mills. He sold it in 
I860 to Hudson Keeney but bought it again four years 
later and continued in business as a manufacturer of pa- 
per till 1874, when he retired, selling his mill to John 
Hoyt & Company. 

Mr. Martin was elected by the Republicans of ward three 
a member of the common council in 1857 and 1858, alder- 
man in 1800, and representative to the state legislature in 
1863 and 1864. He acquired the rank of colonel by ser- 
vice upon Gov. Gilmore's staff in 1863 and 1864, and was 
a delegate to the national Republican convention at Chi- 
cago which nominated Abraham Lincoln for President in 
1860. In 1859 he was an assistant engineer of the fire 
department. He was elected a director of the Merrimack 
River Bank upon its organization in 1845, became its presi- 
dent in 1859, and dissolved his connection with it the next 
year. Upon the organization of the Merrimack River Five 
Cents Savings Institution in 1858, he became one of its trus- 
tees and wa& elected a vice-president in 1860, resigning soon 
after. In 1860 he was chosen to succeed David Gillis as a 
director in the Manchester Bank, and, upon the formation 



The Hon. John P. Newell. 419 

of the Manchester National Bank, was elected a director. 
In 18G5 he was chosen a trustee of the Manchester Savings 
Bank and now holds both of these positions. He has been 
a director of the Manchester and Lawrence Railroad for 
the last ten years and a director of the Concord and Ports- 
mouth Railroad since its name was changed from that of 
the Portsmouth and Concord Railroad. 

Col. Martin married, January 3, 1836, Mary Ann Rice, 
a sister of the lion. Alexander H. and Willard Rice, of 
Boston, by whom he has had tiiree daughters, of whom 
Fanny R., the wife of the Hon. George B. Chandler of 
Manchester, is living. 

Col. Martin is a man with a strong mind, clear and quick 
to see, practical, well balanced, and his strong constitution 
and active temperament have enabled him to do a large 
business during his life and to do it with great success. He 
is a very generous man, gives liberally to all benevolent en- 
terprises and is one of the chief supporters of Grace church. 
He makes a good citizen and has been repeatedly spoken 
of for state senator and mayor. A man of a courteous, 
gentlemanly, dignified bearing, of a strong social nature, 
he has many warm personal friends. 

THE HON. JOHN P. NEWELL. 

John Plumer Newell was born July 29, 1823, at Barn- 
stead, N. H. He is the son of William H. and Olive (Den- 
nett) Newell, who are now living, and was one of thirteen 
children, of whom all but one survive. They are as follows, 
in the order of birth : Moses D, of Elo, Wis.; Betsey H., the 
wife of David Clark of Farmington ; Mary F., the wife of 
John Hanscom of Northwood ; Charles D. of Concord ; John 
P., the subject of this sketch ; Harriet, the wife of Charles 
S. Emerson of Pittsfield ; Samuel A. of Cato Falls, Wis.; 
William J. of Lawrence, Mass. ; Olive, the wife of N. E. 



420 Manchester. 

Gate of Northwood ; Albert M. of Gilmanton ; Lafayette 
V. of Portsmouth; Arthur C. of Farmington. 

Mr. Newell spent his early life upon his father's farm, 
acquiring an education in the high school at Barnstead 
and fitting for college at the academies in Rochester, Pitts- 
field and Gilmanton. He entered Dartmouth College in 
1845 and graduated in 1849 at the head of his class. After 
graduating he taught the academy at Pittsfield, studying 
law meanwhile with A. F. L. Norris, till March, 18.J1, when 
he came to Manchester to take charge of the high school, 
which he taught till the summer term of 1853. He then 
resumed the study of law in the office of S. H. & B. F. 
Ayer of this city and was admitted in August to the bar of 
Hillsborough county. Early in the winter of 1858 he 
opened an office in Manchester and continued in the prac- 
tice of his profession till the spring of 1855, when he 
resumed charge of the high school, continuing its principal 
till the fall of 1862. In May, 1863, he became principal of 
Pinkerton Academy at Derry, N. H., and hold the position 
till the summer of 1865, when he returned to Miinchester, 
where he has since made his home, being engaged in gen- 
eral business. 

Mr. Newell was elected by the city councils in February, 
1873, mayor of Manchester and was one of its representa- 
tives in the legislature in 1872 and 1874. He was elected 
in 1856 president of the first Young Men's Christian Asso- 
ciation in this city and served one year and since 1869 has 
been the president of the present Association. He has 
been since 1872 a deacon of the Hanover-street church, 
since 1868 president of the society connected with it and 
for ten years was superintendent of its Sunday-school. 

Mr. Newell married, August 14, 1855, Mary W., daugh- 
ter of the late Chief Justice Samuel D. Bell, by whom he 
had one child, who died in infancy. His first wife died Au- 
gust 28, 1858, and he married, January 15, 1863, Elizabeth 



A. P. Olzendam. 421 

M., daughter of tlio Hon. T. T. Abbot, formerly mayor of 
the city, by whom he has one chihl, Mary Bell, now living. 

Mr. Newell is a fine scholar, a Christian gentleman and 
a pleasant, agreeal)le man. He has always, whether mayor 
of the city, teacher of the high school or president of the 
Yonng Men's Christian Association, of which he has been so 
earnest a snpporter, exerted an elevating intinence npon 
those with whom he has come in contact. He is an able 
and popnlar si)eaker and while in the legislature was a 
member of commanding influence. He is painstaking, 
methodical, conscientious, in whatever position he is. If 
his nature was as aggressive as his convictions are just and 
liis principles strong, he could easily become one of the 
most popular and influential men in the city. 

A. P. OLZENDAM. 

Abraham Peter Olzendam was born, October 10, 1821, 
in Barmen, Prussia. He is the son of Abraham P. and 
Johanna (Rittershaus) Olzendam, and one of a family of 
two sons and five daughters of whom he is the sole sur- 
vivor. His early life was spent in the acquirement of a 
common-school education and in learniug the arts of man- 
ufacturing, dyeing and coloring. In 1848 he left his native 
country and came to America, landing at New York. For 
ten years he lived in Massachusetts, putting in practice in 
different mills the knowledge of his trade which he had 
gained at home, and then, in 1858, came to Manchester 
that he might better his fortunes. 

Here he was employed at dyeing and color-mixing in the 
Amoskeag and Manchester mills till 1862, when he began 
an independent business, starting a hosiery-mill and con- 
tinuing to operate it ever since. Mr. Olzendam was sent 
by the Republicans of ward three as a representative to the 
state legislature in 1873 and 1874. He has been a trustee 



422 Manchester. 

of the People's Savings Bank since its organization in Au- 
gust, 1874. He married, October 1, 1851, Tlicrese Lohrer 
of Dresden, Saxony, by whom he had eight chikiren. of 
whom five, Clementine, Alexander H., Gustavus, Sidonia 
and Lewis survive and are living at home. After the death 
of his first wife, Mr. Olzendam married, May 8, 1872, Mrs. 
Susie J. Carling. 

Mr. Olzendam has risen to a very honorable position in 
this city, primarily by closely attending to his business as 
a manufacturer and since then in addition by showing him- 
self an excellent citizen, liberal, high-minded, disposed to 
do what he can to aid every benevolent object and to fur- 
ther the growth and prosperity of the city. Manchester is 
better for his coming and his staying. A genial gentle- 
man, he enjoys the acquaintance and confidence of a large 
immber of warm personal friends. Many men, as fortune 
favors them, withdraw more and more from society and 
give out less and less towards it, but society feels his pros- 
perity and enjoys with him his success. 

THE HON. NATHAN PARKER. 

Nathan Parker was born in Litchfield, N. H., November 
21, 1808, and is the son of Deacon Matthew Parker and 
Sarah Underwood, daughter of Judge James Underwood 
of Litchfield. He was the youngest of six children and is 
the only survivor. He lived in Litchfield till he was six- 
teen or seventeen years of age, acquiring his education at 
the academics in that town and in Hcniiiker, and then went 
into business in Merrimack, whence he removed in April, 
1840, to Manchester, continuing in trade and soon making 
for himself a large and profitable business. The town was 
then just rising and Mr. Parker sold large quantities of 
goods to the corporations and others who were building fac- 
tories or houses. 



The Hon. Nathan Parker. 423 

Upon the organization of the Manchester Bank in 1845 
he became its cashier and continued to hold the office till 
the Bank was dissolved. He has been the treasurer of 
the Manchester Savings Bank since it was organized in 
1846 and a director and president of the Manchester Na- 
tional Bank since it was formed in 1865. From 1867 to 
1871 ho was a director and the treasurer of the Concord 
Railroad, and again, since 1873, its treasurer ; he was once 
treasurer and for the past two or three years has been a 
director of the Manchester & Lawrence Railroad and for 
the past three or four years a director of the Concord & 
Portsmouth Railroad. In 1855 and 1856 he was a mem- 
ber of the state senate and would have been its president 
if he had been disposed to accept the office. He was a 
member of the New Hampshire house of representatives 
in 1863 and 1864. 

Mr. Parker married in September, 1837, Miss Charlotte 
M. Riddle of Merrimack, a grand-daughter of Capt. Isaac 
Riddle, a wealthy farmer, mill-owner and contractor of 
Bedford, who built the first canal-boat which was floated 
on the Merrimack river. She died in October, 1859, leav- 
ing one son, Walter M., who is employed in the Manches- 
ter Savings Bank. 

Mr. Parker belongs to a family of able, clear-headed, 
keen-minded men, who never act without a reason and who 
are circumspect and generally wise in all their actions. 
He is best known to our people as a financier and there is 
no man in New Hampshire who enjoys the confidence of 
the public in a greater degree in this respect than does the 
subject of this sketch. He could have succeeded in any 
profession in life, whether that of a merchant, lawyer, rail- 
way manager or manufacturer. He finally chose the busi- 
ness of banking and has always looked upon the money 
placed in his keeping through the different banks he man- 
ages as funds in trust for him to care for according to the 



424 Manchester. 

best of his ability. As a result, he has always kept the in- 
vestments on the safe side, running no risks and meeting 
with no losses to speak of. All the institutions with which 
he has been connected have been very successful, managed 
with a conscientious scrupulousness and with a due regard 
for the acts of incorporation. He is a pattern banker and 
his name has become a synonym with honesty. 

THE HON. C. E. POTTER. 

Ciiandler Eastman Potter was born March 7, 1807, at 
Concord, N. H., and was the youngest of the four sons of 
Joseph and Anna (Drake) Potter, of whom none now sur- 
vive. His childhood and youth were spent at home upon 
his father's farm and in attending the district school till he 
was eighteen years of age, when he went to the academy at 
Pembroke, N. H., and was there fitted for college under 
Master John Vose. He entered Dartmouth College in 1827 
and graduated in 1881. He taught in 1832, 1883 and 1834 
select or high schools, in Concord one year and in Ports- 
mouth, N. H., two, and in 183") was sent from the latter 
town a representative to the state legislature. He again 
taught in the high school in Portsmouth from 1835 to 1888, 
reading law while there with the Hon. Ichabod Bartlett and 
afterwards, from 1841 to 1843, with Pierce & Fowler at 
Concord. 

He then began practice at East Concord and in March, 
1844, came to Manchester and became the editor and pro- 
prietor of the Manchester Democrat, which position he con- 
tinued to hold till the fall of 1848 when he sold the paper. 
He had already, in June, 1848, been appointed justice of 
the police court of Manchester and retained that office till 
July, 1855. In 1852 and 1853 he edited the Farmers' 
Monthly Visitor and in 1854 and 1855 the Granite Farmer 
& Visitor. 



The Hon. C. E. Potter. 425 

Judge Potter married, November 1, 1832, Miss Clara A., 
daujrliter of John Underwood of Portsmouth. She died at 
Manchester March 11), 1854. To them were born four 
children, of whom Joseph H., of Hillsborough, N. H., and 
Treat of this city survive. His second marriage, Novem- 
ber 11, 1856, was with Miss Frances Maria, daughter of 
Gen. John McNeil of Hillsborough, a soldier of 1812. 
After this marriage Judge Potter took up his residence in 
Hillsborough u[)on the Gov. Pierce farm, in the cultivation 
of which he found employment. He died suddenly, August 
3, 1868, at Flint, Mich., whither he had gone in the previ- 
ous July to look after some property. 

Judge Potter was an antiquarian in taste, was elected a 
member of the New Hampshire Historical Society in 1841, 
one of its vice-presidents in 1852 and its president in 1855, 
1856 and 1857. He was elected in 1851 a corresponding 
member of the New England Historic-Genealogical Soci- 
ety, and in 1856 a corresponding member of the Maryland 
Historical Society. He was the author of a history of Man- 
chester, which was published in 1856, and of the military 
history of New Hampshire from 1623 to the War of the 
Rebellion in 1861, partially revised Belknap's History of 
New Hampshire and was a voluminous writer otherwise. 

Judge Potter had much natural ability, but he was so 
constituted that he did not bring out the great powers of 
his mind except on compulsion. He needed the stimulus 
of friends or the inspiration of a great occasion to do him- 
self full justice, and always put off the labor of preparation 
till the last minute. He had avast store of information 
upon historical subjects and a great fund of personal anec- 
dotes with which he was wont to amuse and interest his 
friends. He was well informed upon all the topics of the 
day, political, educational and moral, talked ably and was 
remarkal)ly entertaining in conversation, but disliked the 
task of writing out his thoughts. With a short-hand 

27 



426 Manchestkr. 

reporter to take down his thoughts as he uttered them, he 
could have furnished daily enough matter for the leading 
articles in a good-sized newspaper. 

GEN. WILLIAM P. RIDDLE. 

William Pickle Riddle was born in Bedford, N. H., April 
6, 1789, being named for a well-known clergyman of that 
town, and died in Piscataquog village in Manchester of 
neuralgia May 18, 1875, being then over eighty-six years of 
age. He was the eldest of the five sons of Isaac and 
Ann (Aiken) Riddle, of whom Isaac, of this city, is now 
living. There were three children by a subsequent mar- 
riage, of whom one, Margaret Ann, wife of Gen. Joseph C. 
Stevens of Lancaster, Mass., survives. Mr. Riddle was the 
grandson of Gawn Riddle, who came over with his brothers 
from the north of Ireland, being of Scotch extraction, and 
settled in Londonderry about 1737, whence they removed 
to Bedford about 1758. 

Mr. Riddle was educated at the academy in Atkinson, 
N. H., and, when twenty-two years old, engaged in trade 
in Piscataquog village. With his father and two brothers 
lie formed the firm of Isaac Riddle & Sons, which was 
largely engaged in mercantile and manufacturing business, 
and as one of the firm he took an active part in the con- 
struction of the Union Locks and Canals by which the Mer- 
rimack was made navigable from Concord to Lowell and 
in the establishment of a line of daily canal-boats from 
Concord and Boston. Upon the deatli of his father in 
1830, the firm was dissolved and he carried on the business, 
both at Bedford and Merrimack, in his own name, manag- 
ing saw-mills, grist-mills and stores, operating in woodlands 
and continuing the boating and rafting business till the 
Concord railway was built in 1842. The old yellow store 
in Piscataquog village was the scene of most of his opera- 



Gen. William P. Riddle. 427 

tions and his business was very extensive. He furnished 
building lumber for Lowell, Boston and Newl)uryport, spars 
and ship-timber for the United States navy-yard at Charles- 
town, Mass., and material for the railways then l)eing built 
in Massachusetts. He dealt largely in hops, buying them 
all over this state, A^ermont and Canada, marketing them 
in Boston, New York and Philadelphia and sometimes 
exporting them. In 1<S4('), having been for a number of 
years deputy-inspector of hops, he was made inspector-gen- 
eral for the state and held the office as long as it was in 
existence. The Piscataquog steam mills were built by him 
in 1848. About 1860 he retired from active business. He 
was always much engaged in agriculture, owning several 
farms, and was a patron of the state and county fairs. 

He had from his youth a taste for military affairs. When 
but twenty-five years of age he organized a company known 
as the " Bedford Grenadiers" and was its first captain. 
Five years later he was promoted to be major of the old 
Ninth regiment of state militia and rose through the ranks 
of lieutenant-colonel, colonel and brigadier-general to that 
of major-general, which position he held till his resignation 
in 1835. He also assisted in the formation of the Amos- 
keag Veterans in 1854 and was their first commander. 

Gen. Riddle was a prominent man in civil affairs, fre- 
quently moderator of the town-meetings, representative to 
the legislature, county road-commissioner, etc. He was 
a member of the association which built the old Piscataquog 
meeting-house in 1820 and was one of the building com- 
mittee. He superintended the construction of many of the 
bridges across the Piscataquog river and was the presi- 
dent of the Granite Bridge Company which built the toll- 
bridge across the Merrimack at Merrill's Falls where 
Granite Bridge now is. 

Gen. Riddle became a Mason in 1823 and in the suc- 
ceeding year was active in the formation of Lafayette Lodge, 



428 Manchester. 

which was started in Bedford but removed to this city. He 
was one of its charter members, allowed it the use of his 
hall for twenty-five years without compensation and was 
the last survivor but one, if not the last, of its projectors. 
He was also a member of Mt. Horeb Royal Arch Chapter 
and of Trinity Commandry of Knights Templars. 

In politics Gen. Riddle was first a Whig and afterwards 
a Republican and an ardent supporter of the government 
during the late War of the Rebellion. In religion he was 
a Unitarian and was one of the founders of the First Uni- 
tarian church in this city. 

He married in 1824 Miss Sarah, daughter of Capt. John 
Ferguson of Dunbarton, N. H., by whom he had seven chil- 
dren, of whom three survive — George W. of this city, 
William Q. of New York city and Daniel W, of Waterloo, 
N. Y. This sketch of his life shows him to have been one 
of the most prominent men of his day in this section of the 
state of New Hampshire. His mind was of a very practical 
turn, keen and active, and executive ability was one of his 
most conspicuous characteristics. He belonged to the old 
school of gentlemen, liberal, genial and liospitable, and fill- 
ed with credit the various places of responsibility to which 
he was called. 

COL. WATERMAN SMITH. 

Waterman Smith was born, July 16, 1816, in Smithfield, 
R, I., which had been originally granted to his ancestors, 
for whom it was named. He is the son of Waterman and 
Sally (Cory) Smith and is descended from Quaker ancestry 
on both sides. He had five brothers and three sisters, of 
whom there survive Elisha A. and Martin H., living in 
Cranston, R. I., and Ann Eliza and Sarah A., living in 
Providence, R. I. 

He was brought up on his father's farm and was educated 



Col. Waterman Smith. 429 

from the time he was seven till he was fourteen in Green- 
ville Academy in his native town. Then lie was sent to 
Bolton Seminary, a Quaker institution in Bolton, Mass., 
and remained there four years, returning to Smithfield to 
learn the machinist's trade in his father's shop. He spent 
two years there and then three more in learning manufac- 
turing in his brother's cotton-mill in Cumberland, R. I. 
At the end of that time he went to Thompson, Conn., to 
superintend the Slater Mills. 

When the property was sold in 1842 he went to Scituate, 
R. I., to fit up a carding-room for Brown & Huse, and con- 
tinued in their employ about two years. Then he went to 
Philadelphia, where he spent five or six years as the super- 
intendent of the John L. Hughes Mills. Returning to 
Smithfield, he remained there about three years, in charge 
of the Georgia Mills. In 1851 he went to Cohoes, N. Y., to 
re-fit for J. C. Howe & Company, of Boston, the Ogden 
Mills there. In March, 1853, he came to Manchester and 
became the agent of the Manchester Print- Works, of which 
J. C. Howe & Company were the selling agents. He re- 
mained in this position till July, 1871, when he resigned 
and went to California, spending a year in traveling over 
that state, several of the western territories and part of the 
British dominions. Since his return in 1872 he has been 
chiefly occupied in the care of his property. During the 
thirty one years from 1840 to 1871 there were but three 
months when he was not engaged in manufacturing. 

Col. Smith, politically, has been a Whig and a Republi- 
can and now calls himself a Liberal Republican. He ac- 
quired the rank of colonel by service on Gov. Smyth's 
staff in 1865. He was chairman of the board of education 
in this city from 1860 to 1867, and has taken a personal 
interest in the construction of school-houses. During the 
existence of the Merrimack River Bank he was one of its 
directors and after 1860 its president, and he has been 



430 Manchester. 

president of the First National Bank and the Merrimack 
River Savings Bank from their beginning. 

Col. Smith married in 1840 at Thompson, Conn., Anna 
C, eldest daugliter of Shadrach Randall of North Provi- 
dence, R. I., by whom he has had four sons and five daugh- 
ters, of whom the latter only survive. Sally W., is the wife 
of John H. Andrews of this city; Nattie B., is the wife of 
Capt. J. C. Currier of San Francisco, Cal. ; Harriet Newell 
is the wife of Harry H. Hale of Boston, Mass. ; and Au- 
gusta G., and Nellie are living at home in this city. 

Col. Smith is a man of fine personal appearance, tall, 
strong and of great muscular activity. Being so consti- 
tuted and possessing a strong mental endowment besides, 
he naturally attracts the public attention in all his move- 
ments. He can do nothing on a small scale. All his plans 
are for large cntcr[)rises with great combinations of forces, 
whether as a manufacturer, builder, operator in real estate 
or farmer. He is continually uneasy at not doing a larger 
business, liis mind is never at rest, and if he had nothing to 
do, he would be miserable. He is always seeking new fields 
of thought and adventure. Yet he is cautious and prudent, 
and has amassed a very handsome property. While he was 
the agent of the Manchester Print-Works, he worked hard 
early and late for the prosperity of that corporation, and, as 
a rule, seems to have made it a point to do all he under- 
takes to do thoroughly. 

THE HON. FREDERICK SMYTH. 

Frederick Smyth was born in Candia, N. H., March 9, 
1819. He is the son of Stephen and Dolly (Rowe) Smyth 
— she being a daughter of Isaiah Rowe, a soldier of the 
Revolution — and was one of a family of five children, 
three sons and two daughters, of whom three besides him- 
self survive, — Oilman C, of this city, Abraham C, who 



The Hon. Frederick Smyth. 431 

resides in Missouri, and Sarah, the widow of the late Jacob 
S. York of tlii.s city. He spent his early life in working 
upon his father's farm and in acquiring an education at 
the district-school and, for a short time, under Dr. Cole- 
man at Andover, Mass., and then went into trade in Can- 
dia in partnership with Thomas Wheat. In 1838 they 
abandoned the business and came to Manchester, where 
Dr. Wheat is now a physician. Mr. Smyth, then nine- 
teen years of age, became a clerk in a large dry-goods and 
grocery store, and subsequently went into business for 
himself. In 1844 he married Emily, daughter of John 
Lane of Candia, but has had no children. 

In 1849, 1850 and 1851 he was city clerk. In 1852, 1853 
and 1854 he was elected mayor, each time by increased ma- 
jorities, and again in 1864, when there was hardly any op- 
position. He has been conspicuous in connection with many 
improvements, among which may be mentioned the planting 
of many of the trees which shade the city's streets, the 
establishment of the free public library and the annexation 
of Amoskeag and Piscataquog villages. In 1855 he was 
appointed by Gov. Metcalf chairman of a board of commis- 
sioners to locate and build a house of reformation for juve- 
nile offenders, which they accomplished in the face of 
much opposition. In 1857 and 1858 he was a member 
from Manchester of the popular branch of the state legis- 
lature. 

In 1861 he was appointed by the United States govern- 
ment a commissioner to the International Exhibition at 
London, England, and acted as one of the jurors at the 
distribution of the awards. At that time he made an ex- 
tended tour upon the continent of Europe as a commis- 
sioner of the United States Agricultural Society. In 1865 
he was elected governor of the state and re-elected in 1866. 
In 1865 he received from Dartmouth College the honorary 
degree of Master of Arts. In 1866 he was chosen by Con- 



432 Manchester. 

gress, for six years, one of the managers of the national 
asylums for disabled soldiers, and was re-elected in 1872 
for another term of six years. 

Gov. b'myth was elected in 1851 treasurer of the New 
Hampshire Agricultural Society, and served for some ten 
years, when he was chosen president, holding the office sev- 
eral years. He is a trustee of the New Hampshire College 
of Agriculture and the Mechanic Arts, a vice-president of 
the New England Agricultural Society and the United 
States Pomological Society and one of the directors of the 
United States Agricultural Society. Ho was cashier of tlie 
Merrimack River Bank from its formation in 1856 till it 
gave place in 1865 to the First National Bank, of which he 
has been the cashier since its organization and a director 
since 1870. He has also been a trustee and the treasurer of 
the Merrimack River Savings Bank since its organization 
in 1858. 

Gov. Smyth has made a name not only in this city and 
state but in the nation. He is self-made in the strongest 
sense of that term, and, with no money but what his own 
hands earned and with no education except that which he 
picked up at the school and academy, he has risen from 
the humblest sphere in life to the highest offices in the city 
or in the gift of the people of New Hampshire. With the 
principles he learned at home of love for the Bible, the 
church and the school-house, with a sharp, keen, well-bal- 
anced mind, with an activity and persistency that never 
tire, he has been able to accomplish such great results as 
are indicated in the preceding sketch. Of a generous and 
obliging nature, with an instinctive disposition to help all 
who came to him for advice, for money or for position, 
though they came from the lowest walks of life, he has 
always possessed the elements of great popularity, and, 
as mayor of the city for several terms and as governor of 
the state, he has been excelled by no one in this respect. 



The Hon. C. W. Stanley. 433 

During the war he was a great worker for the soldiers at 
home and in the camp, doing all he could for their personal 
comfort. He has many warm personal friends and stands 
by them to the last. As a financier, he has been remark- 
ably successful, but, possessed, as he is, of great executive 
ability, would have succeeded as well in other callings in 
life. He stands preeminent as a citizen, ever leady to do 
his part for education, morality, religion or for whatever 
pertains to the general adornment of the city. 

THE HON. C. W. STANLEY. 

Clinton Warrington Stanley was horn December 5, 1880, 
at Hopkinton,N. H. He is the son of Horace C, and Mary 
Ann (Kimball) Stanley and had two brothei-s and one sis- 
ter. The brothers are now living — Benton M. P., at New 
London, N. H., and Edward W., on the homestead at Hop- 
kinton. He acquired his preliminary education at the dis- 
trict-school and academy in Hopkinton and entered Dart- 
mouth College in 1845 at the age of fourteen, being the 
youngest man in his class. He graduated in 1849 and be- 
gan the study of law, pursuing it at first in Hopkinton with 
the Hon. Hamilton E. Perkins, now of Concord, from July, 
1849, till April, 1851, and then with the Hon. George W. 
Morrison of this city. 

August 9, 1852, he was admitted to the bar of Hillsbor- 
ough county from Mr. Morrison's office and then went to 
Hopkinton, where he remained till April, 1853, when he re- 
turned to Manchester and began practice in company with 
Mr. Morrison. The partnership has since existed in vari- 
ous forms, John L. Fitch, now deceased, Lewis VV. Clark 
and Frank Hiland being at times partners, till September 
11, 1874, when Mr. Stanley accepted the appointment of 
associate justice of the circuit court of this state, which 
position he now holds. He has held the office of United 



434 Manchester. 

States commissioner from 1857 to the present time and 
has been president of the City National Bank since its 
organization in 1865. He married, December 24, 1857, 
Miss Lydia A. Woodbury of Weare, N. H. He has no 
children. 

Judge Stanley's intellect places him in the foremost rank 
of able men in the state. With remarkable natural capac- 
ity, a quick and vigorous thinker, he has the art of putting 
his thoughts without difficulty into practical forms. He 
excels in whatever he turns his attention to, whether law, 
finance or politics. He grapples very readily with any 
new subject that arises and should he occupy the bench 
many years would be eminent as a judge. His mind is 
very active, he keeps himself familiar with all the ques- 
tions of the day and has his own opinions on all of them. 
A man of quick comprehension and large energy, he has 
been able to do a great deal of mental labor. He has been 
very successful as a lawyer, attending to the finances and 
practical work of an office which has done a large business 
for many years. 

THE HON. E. A. STRAW. 

Ezekiel Albert Straw was born in Salisbury, N. H., 
December 30, 1819. He is the eldest son of James B. and 
Mehitable (Fisk) Straw and one of a family of seven chil- 
dren, five sons and two daughters, of whom three besides 
himself survive — Miranda, wife of Benjamin F. Manning, 
Abigail and James B., all resident in Manchester. His 
father, after a few years' residence in this state, removed 
to Lowell, Mass., where he entered into the service of the 
Appleton Manufacturing Company. Mr. Straw acquired 
his education in the schools of Lowell and in the English 
department of Phillips Academy at Andover, Mass., where 
he gave especial attention to practical mathematics. 

Upon leaving this institution, he was, in the spring of 



The Hon. E. A. Straw. 435 

1838, employed as assistant civil engineer upon the Nashua 
and Lowell railway, then in process of constraction. lu 
July, 1838, he was sent for hy Mr. Boyden, the consulting 
engineer of the Amoskeag Manufacturing Company, to take 
the place of T. J. Carter, the regular engineer, who was 
kept from work by sickness. He came to this city July 4, 
1838, expecting to remain hut a few days, and has ever 
since made it his home. This was before a mill had been 
built upon the eastern side of the river and before the Com- 
pany's first public sale of land. Among his first duties 
were the laying out of the lots and streets in what is now 
the compact part of the city and as.sisting in the construc- 
tion of the dam and canals. In November, 1844, he was 
sent by the Amoskeag Company to England and Scotland 
to obtain the information and machinery necessary for 
making and printing muslin delaines, and the success of 
the Manchester Print-Works, which first introduced this 
manufacture into the United States, was due to the knowl- 
edge and skill he then acquired. He continued in the em- 
ploy of the Amoskeag Company as civil engineer until 
July, 1851, when he was appointed the agent of the land 
and water-power department of the Company, that, the 
mills and the machine-shops then being managed sepa- 
rately under different agents. In July, 1856, the first two 
were united and put in charge of Mr. Straw, and in July, 
1858, all three were combined under one management and 
Mr. Straw assumed the entire control at Manchester of the 
Company's operations. 

Mr. Straw was prominent in the early years of the town's 
prosperity in connection with all its material improvements 
and has always retained his interest in the city. He was 
a member of the committee to provide plans and specifica- 
tions for the rebuilding of the town-house in 1844 and one 
of the first committee appointed to devise plans for the 
introduction of water into the town. He has been con- 



436 Manchester. 

nected with all the subsequent plans for the same purpose 
and when the board of water commissioners, wlio have had 
charge of the construction of the present water-works, was 
appointed, in 1871, he was made its president and has held 
the office ever since. He was chosen in 1854 a member of 
the first board of trustees of the public library and has 
held the office ever since, the present library building, 
erected in 1871, owing much to his interest and care. 

Mr. Straw was elected in 1859 representative from 
Manchester to the state legislature, was re elected in 1860, 
1861, 1862 and 1863, and during the last three years was 
chairman of the committee on finance. In 1861 he was 
elected to the state senate and was re-elected in 1865, 
being chosen its president in the latter year. He was also 
chosen on the part of tlie senate one of the commissioners 
to superintend the rebuilding of the state-house. In 1869 
he was appointed by Gov. Stearns a member of his staff. In 
1872 he was elected by the Republicans of New Hampshire 
governor of the state and re-elected in 1873. In 1870 he 
was appointed by President Grant the member from New 
Hampshire of the commission to arrange for the centennial 
celebration of the independence of the United States at 
Philadelphia, Pa., in 1876, and is one of the executive board 
of that commission. 

Gov. Straw was the treasurer and principal owner of the 
Namaske Mills from its organization in 1856 till its dissolu- 
tion, and after 1864 its sole proprietor. In 1874 he was 
chosen a director of the Langdon Mills. He was the pres- 
ident and one of the directors of the Rlodget Edge Tool 
Manufacturing Company from its organization in 1855 till 
its dissolution in 1862, and since that time has been a 
director of the Amoskeag Axe Company which succeeded 
it. He was one of the first directors of the Manchester Gas- 
Light Company when it was organized in 1851 and has 
been its president since 1856. Since the organization of 



The Hon. E. A. Straw. 437 

the New England Cotton Manufacturers' Association he 
has been its president and president of the New Hampshire 
Fire Insurance Company since it was organized in 1869. 
He has received the honorary degree of master of arts from 
Dartmouth College. Gov. Straw was one of the founders of 
the First Unitarian society in 1842, its clerk and treasurer 
from that time till 1844, its president from 1853 to 1857, 
and was the chairman of the committee which built its 
present house of worship. 

Gov. Straw married, April 6, 1842, at Amesbury, Mass., 
Miss Charlotte Smith Webster, who died in Manchester, 
March 15, 1852. To them were born four children — 
Albert, who died in infancy ; Charlotte Webster, the wife 
of William H. Howard of Somerville, Mass.; Herman Fos- 
ter, assistant superintendent of the Amoskeag Company's 
mills in Manchester; Ellen, the wife of Henry M. Thomp- 
son, formerly agent of the Manchester Print-Works and 
now agent of the Lowell Felting Company at Lowell, Mass. 

Gov. (""traw, in our judgment, is the ablest man in New 
Hampshire. In a room full of people, the judges of our 
courts, the managers of our railways, the professors of our 
colleges, he would take the lead of all. He is conversant 
with more subjects than any man we know of, whether art 
or science, manufactures or financial themes. He is a 
great reader and his tenacious memory makes all he reads 
his own. Not long after he came to this city, the Amos- 
keag Company began to look upon him as competent to 
manage its whole business and it gradually fell into his 
hands. In time the other corporations, the city and the 
state looked to him for advice, and for many years he has 
been the foremost man in Manchester and for the past few 
years the leading man in shaping the policy of the state. 
Of great mental capacities, he is able to turn off a vast 
amount of work with the greatest ease. He never seems 
in a hurry, though probably surrounded by more business 



438 Manchester. 

tlian any other man in the state. He never looks to others 
for his opinions, and, though willing to fall into line with 
his friends and his party in non-essential things, he cannot 
be swerved from his ideas of what is right l)y political con- 
siderations or fear of unpopularity. He enjoys truth and 
takes pleasure in doing what his judgment dictates. A 
very generous man, liberal in his gifts to the poor and to 
all charitable institutions, to him more than to any other 
man is Manchester indebted for its great prosperity. 

D. B. VARNEY. 

David Blake Varney was born in Tuftonliorough, N. H., 
August 27, 1822. He is the son of Luther and Lydia 
(Blake) Varney, and was one of four children, two sons 
and two daughters, of whom, besides himself, one brother 
survives — Edward, who resides in Boston. When four 
years of age he moved with his parents to Dover, N. H., 
where lie remained till he was sixteen years of age, lielp- 
ing his father upon the farm and acquiring an education in 
the Dover schools. In 1838 he went to Portsmouth to 
learn the trade of a machinist, where he spent three years. 
Then returning to Dover he worked two years there and 
in March, 1843, came to this city and worked at his trade 
in the Amoskeag Company's machine-shop. In 1854 he 
was appointed superintendent of the locomotive depart- 
ment and remained in the shop till 1857. 

He then entered into partnership with H. I. Darling, 
for the maimfacture of brass and copper work, and the 
firm, under the name of Darling & Varney, began business 
in the foundry on Manchester street. Mr. Darling died in 
1868 and left him proprietor of an extensive business, 
which he has since managed alone. Mr. Varney was a 
member from ward three in this city of the popular branch 
of the state legislature in 1871 and 1872 and has been a 



The Rkv. C. W. Wallace. 439 

director of the Amoskeag National Bank since January, 
1874. He married in 1848 Harriet B. Kimball of this city, 
by whom he has had three daughters, of whom two are now 
living — Emma L. and Annie M. 

Mr. Varncy has been a very popular man with all who 
knew him ever since he came to this city. His mental 
qualities arc all good and practical and always at his com- 
mand. Indebted to his own skill and forethought for his 
pecuniary success, liberal and genial, he has always been a 
highly respected citizen. He is a man who could obtain 
the suffrages of the people whenever he would allow his 
name to be used, but he has never been ambitious to hold 
a conspicuous place in public affairs. 

THE REV. C. W. WALLACE. 

Cyrus Washington Wallace was born in Bedford, March 
8, 1805. He is the son of Thomas and Mercy (Frye) 
Wallace, and was one of a family of five brothers and two 
sisters, of whom two besides himself are living — Alfred, 
resident in Washington, D. C, and Mrs. Hannah Pollard 
of Wobuni, Mass. His early life was spent in agricultural 
and mechanical pursuits and he acquired an education in 
the district-school of his native town and at Oberlin Sem- 
inary, Oberlin, 0. He was fitted for the ministry under 
the instruction of the Rev. Hemau Rood and the Rev. 
Aaron Warner at the theological seminary at Gilmanton, 
and, having been licensed to preach by the Londonderry 
Presbytery in April, 1838, came to Manchester in May, 
1839, to supply the pulpit of the First Congregational 
church, then situated at Amoskeag village. After its re- 
moval to its present house of worship, he was ordained and 
installed as its pastor January 8, 1840. He resigned the 
pastoral charge in August, 1873, but continued to preach 
in his old puli>it till the December following, since when he 



440 Manchester. 

lias supplied the pulpit of the First Congregational church 
in Rockland, Mass., though retaining his residence in Man- 
chester. He was the first minister to hold regular Sunday 
services in the new village on the east side of the i-iver 
and his pastorate was longer than that of any other Man- 
chester clergyman. "He was sent to the state legislature 
in 18(37 and 1868 by the Re})ublicans of ward four, and in 
the latter year received the degree of Doctor of Divinity 
from Dartmouth College. He married, May 19, 1840, Miss 
Susan A. Webster, who died May 15, 1873. He afterwards 
married, September 30, 1874, Miss Elizabeth H. Allison. 
He has had no children. 

No man is more strongly identified with the early his- 
tory of the city than the Rev. Dr. Wallace. For nearly 
thirty-five years he bore a part in every intellectual contest 
and reform in Manchester. He fought without gloves and 
with a power we have never known equaled by any other 
clergyman in the state. Thoroughly honest, never double- 
dealing, he dealt heavy blows upon the abettors of slavery, 
rum-felling, gambling, Sabbath-breaking, profanity, card- 
pl.iying, dancing or of whatever else seemed to him wrong. 
He is puritanical in his notions, very cutting and severe 
in reproof, but at the same time very kind and tender- 
hearted, ready to do everything to reform young men and 
women and to cheer the suffering and the downcast. He 
is a vigorous, earnest speaker and his extemporaneous 
efforts upon" great occasions have been sometimes very elo- 
quent. 

THE HON. JAMES A. WESTON. 

James Adams Weston was born upon the " old Weston 
farm" in Manchester August 27,1827. He is the son of 
Amos and Betsey (Wilson) Weston and was the youngest 
of five children, of whom he alone survives. He traces his 




En^a :>y AJi Ritchie 



i'^/^o^^ dyy- 




CO-n.'-n.^X'^.^ 





'UXJA <r 



Thk Hon. Jamks A. Weston. 441 

lineage to the Westons of Buckingliamsliire, England, whose 
descendants, after coining to this country, were prominent 
in colonial affairs, and the name of one of them has been 
handed down as tliat of the founder of the first Baptist 
church in America. He is of tlie sixth generation of the 
descendants of John Weston, who came from England in 
1644 and finally settled in Reading, Mass., in 1052. His 
grandfather, Amos Weston, moved in ISOJj to the farm to 
which his name has since attached and which is situated in 
the southeastern part of Manchester, then a part of Lon- 
donderry. His father, Amos Weston, a man prominent in 
the affairs of the town, resided on the old farm till 1853, 
when he moved to Mr. Weston's present residence near the 
compact part of the city. His mother was a daughter of 
Col. Robert Wilson and granddaughter of James Wilson, 
who came from Londonderry, Ireland, about 1728, and set- 
tled at the place now known as Wilson's Crossing in Lon- 
donderry, N. H. 

The subject of this sketch remained at home, assisting 
his father upon the farm, most of the time till 1846, except 
when attending or teaching school. He acquired an educa- 
tion at the district school and at the academies in Manches- 
ter and Piscataquog village, giving especial attention to 
mathematics and civil engineering, for which he developed 
much taste. In the winter of 1844 he taught school at Lon- 
donderry and the next winter in Manchester, He had still 
pursued his studies and in 1846 was appointed assistant 
civil engineer of the Concord Railroad and began laying 
its second track. Three years later he removed to Concord 
and became the chief engineer of the railroad, a position he 
has ever since held. For several years in connection with 
that office he performed the duties of road-master and mas- 
ter of transportation of the Concord and Manchester & 
Lawrence Railroads. As chief engineer he superintended 
the construction of the branch of the Concord & Ports- 
28 



442 Manchester. 

mouth railway from Manchester to Candia and of the Sun- 
cook Valley railway from Ilooksett to Pittsfield. In 1856 
he moved to this city where he has since resided, devoting 
himself chiefly to his profession and to the duties of the 
public offices he has held. 

Mr. Weston was the Democratic candidate for mayor of 
the city in 1861, 1862 and 1868 and was elected in 1867, 
1869, 1870 and 1873. He was elected governor of the 
state in 1871 and 1874. He has been the vice-president j)f 
the New Hampshire Fire Insurance Company since it. was 
organized in 1869 and a trustee of the Amoskeag Savings 
Bank since 1870. In 1871 he was appointed, as the gov- 
ernor of the state, one of a commission to represent the 
state in matters relating to the centeimial celebration of 
the national independence at Philadelphia, Pa., in 1876, 
and in 1872 was appointed by congress a member of the 
centennial board of finance. He married in 1854 Miss 
Anna S., daughter of Mitchol Gilmore of Concord, N. H., 
and has three children living — Grace Helen, James Henry, 
and Edwin Bell. 

Gov. Weston has received from the people of this cij:y 
and state a very large share of public honors and has 
borne them well. He has never failed to enjoy the confi- 
dence of the residents of his native city and to receive 
votes beyond the strength of his party when a candidate 
for any office. A very thoughtful, careful, prudent man, 
patriotic and high-minded in his natural impulses, he has 
always been earnest to do what he could for the moral and 
intellectual elevation of the jieople. He has been through 
the fiery ordeal of politics and has been pushed by his party 
far beyond his natural inclinations. He has been success- 
ful as an engineer, as a mayor and as a governor, is very 
practical on all subjects to which he turns his attention, 
always writes well and sensibly, and appears to good advan- 
tage wherever he is placed. 



William Amoijy. 4,43 

william amory. 

[Tliroiigli delay in the oiigraviiifj it becainc imoLTtaiii whether a portrait of Mr- 
Aiiiory would bo done in season for this volume, and L'onse(|uently the sketch occurs 
at tlie end of the series instead of in its natural i)lace, second in thealiiliabetical order 
which has been followed.] 

William Ainory was born in Boston, Mass., June 15, 
1804, and is the son of Thomas C. and Hannah R. (Linzee) 
Amory. He was one of a family of four sons and four 
daughters, of whom three only, two sons and one daugh- 
ter, survive. His father, a merchant of Boston, died in 
1812, and seven years later his son, then hut fifteen years 
of age, entered Harvard University. He spent four years 
there and soon after went to Europe to complete his edu- 
cation. He pursued in Germany the study of law and of 
general literature, for a year and a half at the university 
in Gottingen and for nine months at the university in Ber- 
lin. He occupied the subsequent two years and a half in 
travel and returned to Boston May 30, 1830, after an ab- 
sence of five years. There he pursued his legal studies 
with Fianklin Dexter and W. H. Gardiner and in 1831 was 
admitted to the bar of Suffolk county, without, however, 
any intention of entering upon legal practice. 

In that year he was chosen the treasurer of the Jackson 
Manufacturing Company at Nashua, N. H., and began busi- 
ness as a manufacturer. Without experience and yet with 
a mind which study had disciplined and knowledge of the 
world had made keen, with remarkable energy and enter- 
prise, he was eminently successful and the Jackson Com- 
pany paid large and sure dividends for the eleven years he 
continued its treasurer. In 1837 he became the treasurer 
of the Amoskeag Manufacturing Company, an office which 
included at that time, when tlie plan of creating a city 
upon the Merrimack was just to be carried out, the respon- 
sibility and wisdom of a general manager of the Company's 
interests, as well as the usual financial duties of a treas 



444 Manchester. 

urer. He has held that office from then till the present 
time ; has been treasnrer of the Stark Mills, with the ex- 
ception of four years and a half, since its organization in 
1839 ; was a director of the Manchester Mills and its suc- 
cessor, the Manchester Print- Works, from the start in 1839 
till 1871 ; and has been a director of the Langdon Mills 
from its beginning in 1860 and its president since 1874. 

Mr. Amory married in January, 1833, Miss Anna P. G. 
Sears, daughter of David Sears, an eminent merchant of 
Boston, by whom he has had six children, of whom four 
survive. 

Mr. Amory is a man with whom, more than with almost 
any one else, Manchester is closely identified and to whose 
accurate foresight and comprehensive views a very large 
proportion of its beauty and success is due. To him as 
the manager of the Company which gave it its first im- 
pulses in life and has ever since assisted its growth, it owes 
in large measure its wide streets, its pleasant squares and 
its beautiful cemetery. He has pursued a liberal })olicy 
and deserves the city's gratitude. As the treasurer of the 
Company he has met with eminent success. A man of 
perfect honor and integrity, cautious and prudent, he has 
looked upon the funds in his possession as his only in 
trust to be managed with the utmost care. Herein is to 
be found the secret of his success. Few men stand better 
than he in the business world of his native city or else- 
where. A gentleman of culture, of the utmost polish, with 
a very pleasing appearance, he enjoys the affection and re- 
spect of many personal friends. 



INDEX 



This index aims to be complete so far as it regards the first five 
chapters and the one which describes Manchester's part in the 
War of the Rebellion, excluding, however, in these, the lists of 
town and city officers and of the soldiers in the war. The other 
chapters are also minutely indexed, with the exception of such 
names as occur in regular sequence with the subjects under con- 
sideration, such as those of the officers of churches, banks, man- 
ufacturing corporations and societies of all kinds, of postmasters 
and schoolmasters, and of the editors and proprietors of news- 
papers in the chapter upon that theme. In the chapter upon rep- 
resentative men, the name of the subject, only, of each sketch oc- 
curs in the index. 



Abbot, T. T 98, 3il 

Abbott, David 129 

Guard 339, 340, 342 

Joseph C. 44, 339, 343 

Academj^ JIanchester 247 

Mount St. Mary's 121 

Piscataquog Village 184 

Adams, Phinehas 89, 96, 98, 288, 373 

Adjutants 3G9 

Adonirani Council 212, 219 

Advent Church, Second 192 

Sunday School, Second 192 

Advertiser, Manchester Mercantile... 329 

Semi-Weekly 32G 

Agriculture, Xew Hampshire Jour- 
nal of. 332, 334 

Aid Society, Manchester Women's. . . 207 

Piscataquog 20fi 

Aldermen 45 

Ale, made 3I8 

Allodium, Manchester 326 



American & Messenger 324 327 

Daily 99, 325, 327, 328, 332 

Democrat & 327 

Excelsior Company 321 

Manchester 30 324 

Mirror & 333 

Semi-Weekly 324 

Amherst, shire town 17 

Amory, William 443 

Amoskeag, Axe Company 308 

Bank 257 

branch of Goftstown church. . 143 
branch of Manchester Baptist 

church 144 

Brewery 318 

bridge 19, 77 

brook 69 

cemetery in 75 

Company's agents' houses. . . 277 

ledge 286 

reservoir 97, 286 



446 



Index. 



AmoskeJig Cotton and Woolen Man- 
ufacturing Coin|iany 23, 

Cotton and Wool Factory. ..23 

Duck and Bag Mills 

Falls ^r, 78, 05, 207, 

bridge 28, 

Orange 

hall 

Hotel 

Insurance Company 27, 

.Joint .Stock Company 

Land & Water Power Co..274, 

Locks and Canal Co 270, 

Macliinc-sliop 272, 275, 

Manul'acturing Company. .24, 

Memorial 

mills 

lire at 

production of. 

National ISank 

New Mills 

old mills at 

Paper-Mill 

Republican 

Rifles 

Savings Bank. 

steamer company 

steam lire engines. . ..272, 285, 

Veterans 

village 12, 42, 70, 100, 111, 

130, 131, 139, 141, 143, 183, 
249, 2.53, 273 315, 321. 
Ancient and Honorable Artillery Com- 
pany 237, 

Angell, Jesse F 

Antiquarian Sacred Musical Society. 
Aqueduct, City 

Company, Manchester 

Manchester 

Architecture of churches 

Art .Association 

Arms, made 

Artillery, Heavy .345, 

Thirteenth New York 

Association, Art 

Excelsior Literary 

Firemen's Relief 

Forrest Dramatic 

Masonic Relief 

Odd Fellows Building 

Relief 

of high school alumni 

of Boston Veterans 

Printers' Literary 



240 
344 

248 

90 

00 

90 

19G 

242 

285 

364 

36S 

242 

248 

87 

24C 

212 

223 

221 

119 

237 

24G 



Association, Pythian Relief 231 

state teachers' 120, 335 

St. I'atrick's Mutual Benefit 

and Protective 244 

teachers' 119 

Union 151. 164, 187 

Young Men's Christian.. 185, 
191, 194, 200. 

Associations, former 246 

loan 248 

military 2:i6 

working-men's 247 

Atheneum, Manchester 29, 88 

Austin, Jeremiah 318 

Aj'er, Anna, murder of. 24 

Richard II 44. 104 

Axf-handles, made 313 

Axes, made 308 

Bags, made 283, 292 

Baker, Andrew N 2!)7 

Joseph 70 

Bakersville 70 

Balch, Charles E 375 

Baldwin iii: Company's steam-mill. 96, 99 

Baldwin, Cyrns W 292 

Gould & Company 316 

James 312 

Nahum 271 

Baldwin's Cornet Band . . 341 

Band, Baldwin's Cornet 311 

of the Fourth Regiment 342 

Bands of Hope 235 

Bank, Amoskeag 257 

National 258 

Savings 259 

City 261 

National 261 

Savings 262 

First National 263 

Manchester 255 

National 2,56 

Savings 2,56 

Merrimack River 202 

Savings 264 

of Amoskeag Comi^any 254 

People's .Savings 265 

Banks 254 

Baptist church, early 129 

Elm-street 173 

First. . 27, 101, 143, 147, 170, 199 

Merrimack-sCreet 147 

Second 171 

Society, First 145 



Index. 



447 



Baptist society, Merri mack-street 17-1 

Second 18il 

Siiiulay-scliool. First 145 

Merriuuick-strcet 174 

Barbarossa Loilge 245 

Barnes, Cliavles 3.'1 

George A 250, 261 

Barrett, James 274 

Barr, Russell & Coiui>aiiy 270 

Bartlett, Charles II 67, 376 

Batcheliler, K. N 341 

Banery, 15, U. S. A 368 

First Light 240, 367 

Bayley, Blood & Company 306 

Baxter, Thomas 311 

Bean, N. S 276 

steamer coiiiiiany 86 

Becti ve. Earl 220 

Beer, made 318 

Bell, Chief-Justice.. 110 

George 84 

Louis 241 

Samuel D.. . .31, 32, 41, 84, 89, 134 

Samuel N 67,89, 91 

Belmont Print- Works 3.;i 

Belting, made 312 

Benevolent Lodge 214 

societies 206 

Bennett, Joseph E 271, 377 

Bennington, battle of 18 

Betogkom, Simon 11, 127 

Bible Lodge 212 

Bisco, Dwight 312 

George 312 

Black brook 69 

Blackmar Union 233 

Blacksmiths' union 235 

Blanchard, Joseph 128 

William 321 

Blazing Star Lodge 214 

Bleachery, Manchester 319 

Blinds, made 313. 318, 320 

Blodget Edge Tool Manufacturing 

Company 308 

Paper Company 303, 319 

Samuel 17,19, 21 

Bh)dget's canal 20, 278 

Blood, Aretas 91, 307, 380 

Bayley, & Company 30G 

Board of engineers, lirst 29 

of health, first 26 

Boards, made 315, 317 

Bobbins, made 312 

Boilers, made 285 



Bouton, Nathaniel 136 

Bow Canal Company 270 

Boxes, made 315, 317 

Bradley, Charles B 313 

Brass work, made 316 

Brewer donation 89 

Gardner 24, 89 

and company 276,289, 302 

Brewery, Amoskeiig 318 

Haines & Wallace'.s 99 

Bridge, Amo.skeag 10, 77 

at Amnskeag Falls 28, 78 

at Gofte's Falls 78 

lirst 77 

, Granite 27, 77 

Jlancliester & North Weare 

railway 78, 101 

McGregor's 19, 77, 278 

Bridges 77 

Brigadier-generals 309 

Brooks 69 

Brown, Hiram 31, 271, 320, 341 

Thomas 31, 232 

William W 345, 381 

Bruce, John N 340 

Brugijer, John 100, 313 

Bryant & Rogers 371 

Buckley, Henry 321 

Buncher, M. Jennie 345 

Buntou, Andrew 271 

David A 74, 320, 340, 383 

Burnham. Henry E 84 

John A 31 

pond 92 

Cabinet, Farmers' 326 

Cadets, High School 241 

of Temperance 233 

Temperance 236 

Caldwell, John 26 

Camp Currier 343 

Hale 343 

Pillsbury 344 

Sullivan 342 

Canal, Blodget's 20, 278 

companies 270 

Canals, present 79, 270, 278 

Captain of the watch 85 

Captains 369 

Car «fe Machine Works, Manchester, 320 

Cards, machine, made 312 

Carey, Henry F 229 

Carriages, made 314 

Carter, T. J 271 



448 



Index. 



Cassimere, made 306 

Castings, made 307, 320 

Cavalry, New Kiigland 363 

New Ilampsliire 363 

Cemetery brook, 69, 317, 321 

Forest 120 

Valley 27 

Cenieteries 73 

Chandler, George B 197,386 

James 345 

J.M 211 

& Company 250 

Peter K ]3C 

Channing, William H 162 

Chapel, First Freewill Baptist... .130, • 
148, 158, 247. 

Chapel hall 155 

Chaplains 369 

Chapter, Mt. Horeb Royal Arch, 211, 215 

Charter, city 31, 42 

surrender of. 41 

Chase, Bejijamin H 312 

John B 317 

John N 86 

pond 92 

Cl*ck-lists 43 

Cheney, B. H 129 

James S 79 

P. C 315, 387 

Choctaw Indian 215 

Choral Union, Manchester i!45 

Christian church, First 194 

society. First I93 

Sunday-.school, First 194 

Christophe, Sebastian 313 

Church, Baptist 129 

Elm-street 173 

First., .-n, 101, 143, 147, 170, 199 

Merrirnack-street 174 

Second 171 

Christian 194 

Congregational, First. .26, 98, 
100, 130, 131,180, 185,201. 

Franklin-street 168, 185, 

201, 203, 205. 

Second 167 

Episcopal 155 

Grace 28, 157, 190 

St. Michael's 28, 156, 196 

first 129 

free .. 176 

Freewill Baptist, Elm-street 190 

First 117, 186, 189 

Merrimack-street 191 



Church, F. W. Baptist, Pine- street 52, 186 

in Piscataiiuog village 204 

niember.sliip 130 

Methodist, Elm-street 153 

First 130, 137 

North Elm-street 153 

Second 28, 152, 175, 221 

St. Paul's 154 

Wesleyau 175, 184 

Mission 180 

Presbyterian 130, 185 

property 130 

Roman Catholic, St. Ann's 120, 194 

St. Augustine's 195 

St. Joseph's 121, 195, 197 

Second .\dvent 192 

Uniiarian 28, HI, 162, 198 

Universalist. Elm-street 182 

First 27,130, 139, 141, 198 

Second 139 

Churches, architecture of 196 

number of. 130 

Roman Catholic 194 

Cider, made 317 

Cigars, made 318 

Cilley, Mrs. J. G 208 

City 41 

Bank 261 

cliarter 31, 42 

clerks 45 

debt 06 

Fire Insurance Company 266 

government 83 

hall 29, 82 

Hotel 80 

marshal 32 

Messenger & Republican.... 330 

Missionary Society 176 

National Bank 261 

officers 45, 83 

X)roperty 66 

Savings Bank 262 

solicitors 59 

treasurers 59 

Clark, Daniel. ..30, 31, 07, 89, 204, 341, 346 

GeorgeT 32 

Joseph B 389 

Lewis W 67, 391 

RufusT 342 

William C 30 

Clarke, John B 44, 130, 344, 392 

Stephen G 341 

William C 31, 89,143, 342, 

344, 395. 



Index. 



441) 



Classic hall 173 

Clergymen 80 

Clerk of police court 42 

Clerks of city 45 

of common council 46 

of town 39 

Cleworlh, John 312 

Cloth, niaile 311 

Clougli, Henry, fell dead 132 

Lucien B G7 

Club, Manchester Chorus and Glee. . 248 

Cobb, Sylvainis 211 

Cochran. Joseph, jr 32, 84 

Cohas brook 69, 93, 300 

locks in 21 

settlements on 11 

Collector of taxes 42 

Colonels 369 

Commandry, Trinity 212, 216 

Commissioners of water- works 91 

Committee, school 112, 122 

Concord & Portsmouth railway 75 

Manufacturing Company 270 

railway 28, 75 

square ...44,72 

Concordia 245 

Congregational church. First.. .27, 98, 
100, 130, ISO, 185, 201. 
Franklin-street 28, 168, 185, 
201, 203, 205. 

Madison-avenue 169 

Second 167 

society, First 1,34, 136, 165 

Franklin- street 167 

Second, J65 

Sunday-school, First 133 

Franklin-street 170 

Congregationalism 183 

Constantine, Emperor 220 

Constitution, Fort 345 

Convent, Koman Catholic 195 

Converse, George \V. F 173 

Copper work, made 316 

Corcoran, Thomas 120, 121 

Corey, William 316 

Cor])S, United States Army 368 

Veteran Reserve 3CG 

Coughlin, John 344 

Council, Adoniram 212, 219 

common 145 

Granite State 243 

Labarum 212, 220 

Onward 244 

state 244 



Countess d'Ossoli 163 

Court, first held in town 29 

Court-house 82 

Courts established 17 

Cows, val ue of. 60 

Crain, Leland & Moody 100 

Crash, made 292. 318 

Crombie, Samuel C 320 

Crosby, Josiali 398 

Cross, David 19, 67, 1 1 1 , 344 

Ira 317 

Crusader 334 

Currier, Ciiinp 3tS 

Mootly ;}43, 400 



Dalton. Charles H 

Dam, at Amoskeag Falls 78, 

at water-works 92, 

Daniels, D. J 

Joel 

Darling & Varney 

Hartshorn & 

Daughterii of Temperance 

Davis, John L 

Moses 28 

Dean, James 

Oliver, 24, 89,139,268, 

Debating club in high school 

Debt, city 

Decoration Day 

Deer Neck 

Delaines, made 

Democrat — & American 

Foster's 

Independent 30, 

Manchester. . ..26, 28, 324, 325, 
327, 332. 

Union 80,327, 

Denims, made 

Denny, Charles A 

Joseph A 

Department, fire 

police 

Derryfield, chartered 

classed, by itself. 

with Litchfield 

history of 

name of, changed to Man- 
chester 

Derry Mills 

DeWitt Clinton Encampment 

Dexter, Henry M 

Dickey, George E 198, 

Dignam, Walter 



98 
278 
, 93 
320 

87 
316 
316 
233 
321 
, 82 
297 
£69 
246 

66 
242 

69 
293 
327 
337 
329 



332 

283 

312 

312 

85 

84 

13 

24 

19 

15 

21 
305 
217 
136 
200 
342 



450 



Index. 



Dinsmore, Arthur 317 

l)isi>atcli. Saturday Night 80, 337 

Districts, liigliway 21 

school . If), 25, 27, 109, 112 

Division , Kxcelsior 233 

Manchester, No. 3 232 

No. 19 233 

Niagara 233 

Doctors 80 

Dollar Weekly Mirror 332 

and New Hampshire Jour- 
nal of Agriculture 334 

Domestic Benevolent Scciety 174 

Donohoe, Michael T 342,341, 346 

Door-frames, made 318 

Doors, made 313, 317, 320 

Dorr pond 92 

Dow, Kobert C 342 

Downs, C. M 321 

F. F 321 

Drew, William E 315 

Drillings, made 283, 292 

Diuk, made 292 

Dudley, Elizabeth J 345 

Dunn, Harris & Company . . 321 

Eagle Paper Company.. 321 

Earl Bective 220 

Earle, J. E 320 

Eastburn, Manton 159 

Eastman, Ira A 30 

Eaton, Francis B 89 

Hosea 80 

Edgell, Frederick M 343 

Edgerly, Martin V. B 403 

Education, N. H. Journal of 335 

Election, city, day of changed 42, 60 

tirst 31 

Eliot, John II, 127 

Elliott, Lon 77 

Ellison, John 253 

Elm street 44, 67 

Emerson, J. C 27, 95 

Encampment, DeWitt Clinton 217 

Mount Horeb, 217 

Mount Washington 228 

Trinity 2 !6, 217 

Wonolanset 225 

Engineers of fire department 86, 105 

Engine, tire 26, 44 

at Piscataquog village 26, 86 

atStark Mills. 20 

companies 86 

Manchester 326 



Engine-house 

first 

Engines, Amoskeag steam fire 272, 

. 285,311. 

Enterprise, Ladies' 

Episcopal church 28, 

parsonage 

Sunday-school 

Excelsior Company, American 

New England 

Division 

hook and ladder company... . 

Literary Association 

made 

Exchange, Merchants', fire at 

Expresses 



335 

155 

159 

159 

.321 

321 

233 

80 

248 

321 

98 

79 



Factories, value of 66 

Fairbanks, Alfred G 82 

Fair in aid of soldiers 344 

Falls, Amoskeag 11, 78, 95, 2G7, 371 

Gofle's.. .11, 249, 254, 306, 318, 320 

Merrill's 77 

school-house Ill 

Fanning, J. T 92 

Farley, Luther 31 

Farmer, Daniel D 24 

Granite 33', 332, 333 

& Visitor 334 

Mirror & 332 

Farmers' Cabinet 326 

Monthly Visitor 331, 332, 333 

Farnsworth, Simeon D 342 

Fearing, Ilawkes, .jr 343 

Fellows, Joseph \V 84, 85 

Moses 31, 405 

Felton, S. A 315 

Fenn, William H 136 

Fenner, G. G 321 

Field Officers 369 

File Works, Granite 312 

Files, made 312 

Fife alarm telegraph 87 

Fire at Amoskeag Company's mills. .95, 96 

Amoskeag village 95, 90, ]00 

Baldwin & Company's steam 

mill 96, 99 

bridge of North Weare rail- 
way, 101 

First Baptist church 147, 199 

Janesville 99 

John Brugger's mill 100 

Masonic Temple 212 

Mechanics' Kow 100 



Index. 



451 



Fire at Patten's block 88, 99, 222, 255 

Piscataquogsteam-iiiill 99 

Print-Works 97 

Stark mills 90 

state reform scliool 100 

town- house 195 

Firedepartinent 85 

engine, first 2C 

on Chestnut street 100 

on Kim street near Lowell... . : 9 

on Hanover street 98, 99, 100 

on Manchester street. . . 98, 99, 100 

wards 26 

Fire King steamer ccmpany 8C 

Firemen's Relief Association 87 

Fires 95 

First board of engineers 29 

of health 20 

building on west side of Elm 

street 27 

city election 31 

cotton-mill 23, 267 

court held 29 

engine-houso 26 

fire-engine 26 

inhabitants 11 

land sale 25 

large fire 95 

mayor 31 

meeting-house 12 

completed 137 

now standing 130 

mill 12 

murder 24 

newspaper 26, 323 

police 26 

private house on Company's 

land 25 

representative, classed 19 

unclassed 2i 

school-house 19 

schools 109 

teacher 109 

town-meeting 15 

in new village 27 

Fish, at Amoskeag 11 

John B 320 

Fisk, James 240 

Flanders, George M 74 

Isaac C 31, 251, 261, 270 

Flannels, made 283, 305 

Fliers, made 312 

Fling, Daniel W . . 201 

Flint, C. A 318 



Ford, Elbridge 26 

Forest cemetery 75, 129 

Former associations 246 

manufacturers 319 

Forrest Dramatic Association 240 

Forsailh, Hiram 312 

Samuel C 314 

F'ort Constitution 345 

In<lependence 343 

near Nutt's pond 69 

Sumter 339 

Forum, Public 337 

Foss, Andrew T 143 

Foster, Herman 406 

Foster's Democrat 337 

Foundry, D. B. Varney's 9C, 316 

Fountains 44, 73 

Fradd, Horatio 87 

Franct'stown mountains. . 372 

Franklin hall 136 

telegraph 79 

Free church 1'('6 

French and Indian War .. 13 

Roman Catholics. 195, 200 

Walter 31 

Freshets 78 

Fuller, Margaret 163 

Fulton Works 320 

Fusileers, Granite 95, 237 

Gage, George W 74 

Gale, Amos G 320 

Gamble house ^1 

Gas, made 310 

Gas-Light Company, Manchester 309 

Gay, Alpheus 91, 345 

Ira 24,268, 269 

Gazette, New Hampshire 334 

AVinnipesaukee 335 

Gerrish, George A 343 

Gillis, David 31, 89, 98 

Jotham 268 

Gilmore, George 17, 128 

George C 341 

Gingham, made 283, 305 

Glancy, Thomas F 318 

Gleaner 328 

Globe, New Hampshire Sunday 337 

GodJard, George W 314 

Goflfe, John 11, 15, 70 

Gofie's Falls. .11, 70, 249, 254, 306, 318, 320 

cemetery at 75 

Gooden, Daniel 173 

JohnV 173 



452 



Index. 



Good Templars 234 

Goodwin, Ichabod 339 

Richard J. P 345 

Gorges, Sir Ferdiiiando 9 

Gould, Baldwin, & Company. . . 31G 

D. C 289 

Government, city 83 

Grain, ground 314, 317, 318 

Grand Army of the Bejmblic 241 

Grange, Amoskeag 243 

state 244 

Granite 68 

bridge 77 

Farmer 331, 33-.>. 333 

& Visitor 334 

File WorliS 312 

Fusileers 95, 237 

Lodge 22i, 230 

State Council 243 

State Lodge 245 

street 78 

Temple of Honor 233 

Grants of land 10, 12 

Gray, F. L 318 

Green, Stephen D 173 

Guard, Abbott 339, 340 

Guards, Head ^40 

Martin 345, 366 

National 237, 344, 366 

Sheridan 240 

Stark 236, 342 

Union 339 

Gymnasium, MancheBter 245 

Haines, Joseph A 99 

Rifles 240 

Hale, Camp 313 

Hall, city 29, 82 

John 15 

Joseph B 70 

Marshall P 89 

Samuel 252 

Hallsrille 70, 321 

Hammer-handles, made 313 

Hanover square 72, 73 

street society 165 

Haradon's Weekly Spy 331 

Hardy, Orison 200 

Harrinian, Walter 342 

Harrington, E. W 391, 408 

steamer company 86 

Harris, Dunn, & companj' 321 

estate 96 

Mary P 185 



Harrytown 11,12, 13 

Hartshorn & Darling 316 

Harvey, Matthew 80 

Haseltine House 80 

Hatchet-handles, made 313 

Hatchets, made 308 

Hayes, S. Dana 83 

Head — Guards 240 

Natt 410 

Healey, Daniel F 82 

Heavy Artillery 345, 364 

Henrysborough 13 

Henrysbur},' 13, 19 

Herald, People's. . 324 

Hero, Old 330 

Herrick, H. W 242 

Heyes, Anna 25 

Hibernians, Ancient Order of 244 

High school 44 

cadets 241 

debating club 246 

Highway districts 21, 68 

Hildreth, F.phraim 12 

Hill, Charles H 31S 

Hills, Gilbert 82 

Hillsborongli county 17, 18 

Earl of. 17 

Lodge 221. 224 

History of Manchester 44, 92 

Hobbs, Edwin H 276, 343 

Hodge, Jereiuiali 317 

Holt, H. C 316 

J. S 316 

W.S 316 

Holmes, William F 318 

Hook & ladder company, Excelsior. . 86 

house 28 

Hooksett brick 20 

Manufacturing Company 270 

Mills 274, 293 

road 28 

Horr, Charles 99 

Horse railway 76 

Horses, value of. 66 

Hose 87 

carriage, at Amoskeag 87 

at Gofte's Falls 87 

Pennacooks' 86 

Hose Company, new 87 

Pennacook 86 

Hosley, John 413 

Hospital, Webster 345 

Hotels 79 

Houghton, George C 345 



Index. 



453 



House of correction 28 

Jloyt, ]). J ;iO 

John 314 

W. J 315 

Ilubliaril. (Jcorj^e 11 318 

TliomiiM U 317 

■William VV 313 

Hughes, Aaron P., Lodge 212 

Hunt. J. T. P 271, .T.'O 

Nathan P 89, i71 

Huilburt, VV. Henry 77 

Huse, cemetery 75 

Isaac 2\, 

Hutchinson, Charles 271 

Hydrants 87 

Incidentals 79 

Independence, Fort 343 

Indeijendent Democrat 30, 329 

State>^man 32(j 

Ingham. Edward 81 

Insuratice companies 265 

Insurance Company, Amoskeag Mu- 
tual Fire 2G5 

City Fire 266 

Manchester 266 

City Fire and Marine 266 

Fire and Marine 266 

Mutual Fire 2G5 

New Hampshire Fire 266 

Odd Fellows' Mutual Lite 224 

State Fire 266 

Iris& Souvenir 326, 327 

Iris & Literary Record 326 

Iron Company, Manchester 319, 320 

ore 13 

work, made 315 

Island mill 95 

pond 69 

House 80 

Isle of Hooksett Canal Company 270 

Jackson, Albert 44, 249 

Samuel P 249 

Jail, county 81 

keepers of. 82 

James, Jacob F 90, 414 

Janesville 70, 99, 314 

Joe English hill 372 

Johnson, Jeremiah, murder of. 26 

Thomas 318 

Jones, Isaac H 81 

Seth K 253 | 

Jossclyn, L. H 316 , 



Journal, Labor 337 

Merchants' Own 331 

of Agriculture, N. H a32, 334 

Dollar Weekly Mirror & 332, 3?A 

of Education, N. H 335 

of Medicine, N. H 353 

of Music, N. H 80, 337 

Judkins, George F 271 

Junto Organ 335 

Justices of police court 32, 42 

Keeley, P. C 198 

Keeney, Hudson 314 

Kelly, John L a39 

Kendall, B. C 87 

Kodney 247 

Kennedy, John L 82 

Kent, Moody 81 

Kidder, Ueujamin 11 

John S 74, 318, 319 

Joseph 1:8, 44, 344 

Samuel B 20, 252, 271 

Samuel P 268 

Killey, Walter S 302 

William L 302 

Kimball, John D 271 

Orrin E 314 

William H 28 

Kinsley, iMrs. Benjamin 232 

Knights of Pythias 229 

Knitting machines, made 316 

needles, made 316, 317 

Knowles, Mary J 345 

Know-Not hing movement 335 

Labarum Council 212, 220 

Labor Journal 3.37 

League 229 

L.adies' Enterprise 335 

Lafayette 214 

Lodge 211, 213 

Lake Village Times 336 

Land and Water-Power Company, 

Amoskeag 274, 275 

Land sale, 25,26, 29, 30, 271, 272 

Lane, Daniel W 67, 251, 315 

Thomas W 86 

Warren L 84, 416 

Langdon Mills 302 

Lr.ngley, John 213 

Latitude of Manchester 65 

Lawyers 80 

League, Labor 229 

Women's Temperance 236 



454 



Index. 



Leather, dresseil 314, 317 

tanned 31* 

I^dge, Anioskeag Company's 287 

Iceland, Grain, and Moody 100 

Letter-carrier system 251 

Lewis, Winslow, Lodge of Perfection 212 

Lexington, news of battle of. 18 

Library, iiublic 43, 44, 88 

burned 88 

removed to new building. .. 88 

Social 20, 88 

Lieutenant-colonels 3C9 

I^ieutenants 370 

Lincoln, Abraham 339 

George F 300, 318 

Line officers 369 

Lingfield, E<lward U 

Liquor-agent 28 

Litchtield, classed with Denyfleld. . .. 19 

Literary Record. Iris & 326 

Souvenir 326 

Visitor 336 

Lean associations 248 

Lobdell & Russell 270 

Locks on Cohas brook 21 

on Merrimack river 278 

Locomotive Works, Manchester. .306. 320 
Locomotives, made 272, 285, 306, 307, 31 1 

Lodge, Aaron P. Hughes 212 

Barbarossa 245 

Benevolent 214 

Bible 213 

Blazing Star 214 

Granite 221, 230 

Granite State 245 

Hillsborough 221. 224 

Lafayette 211, 213 

Mechanics' 227 

Merrimack 230, 231, 234 

of Perfection, Winslow Lewis 212 

Rising Sun 230 

Stark 234 

Swamscott 230 

Union Degree 224, 235 

Washington '212, 219 

Wilcley 228 

Londonilerry — Presbytery 132, 184 

settlers of 1" 

Long, Joseph .\. E 214 

jiond *'■* 

Longitude of Manchester 65 

Loom harness, made 312 

Lord, J(din P 321 

Lowell, Albion H 315 



Luce, Charles A 44 

Lyceum, Manchester 28, 247 

Lyons, Michael 344 



Mace, William. 

Machine-Card Factory, Manchester 
Machinery, made. ...284, 285, 312, 315, 

Machine Company, Manchester 

Machinists and Blitcksnuths' Union. . 
Magazine, Manchester 

Niiw Hampshire 

Operatives' and Lowell 

Uttering 

Mfy ors 

Mammoth road 25, 

Manchester — Academy 

& Keene railway 

<fc Lawrence railway 

Allodium 

American 

& Nortli Weare railway . . 75, 

Aqueduct 

Aqueduct Company 

Art Association 

Atheneum 

a town 

liank 

Blcachery 

Car aud Machine Works 

Centre 15,70,130,137, 

Choral Union 

Chorus anil Glee Club 

City Fire and Marine Insur- 
ance Company 

City Missionary Society 

Daily American 

Jlirror 

iS'ews 

Union 80, 

Democrat 324,325,327, 

District Medical Society 

Division No. 3 

No. 19 

Engine 

Fire and Marine Insurance 
Company 

Five Cts. Savings Institution 

(Jas-Light Company 

Gymnasium 

history of. 

House 25, 80, 100, 163, 271, 

in the Rebellion 

Insurance Company 

Iron Company 319, 



232 
312 
317 
320 
2a5 
325 
327 

329 

369 

250 

247 

7G 

75 

326 

30 

101 

89 

89 

242 

29 

23 

255 

319 

320 

249 

.245 

248 

266 
176 
325 
331 
336 
333 
332 
246 
232 
233 
326 

266 
263 
309 
245 
44 
30!1 
3.39 
266 
320 



Index. 



Miiiiclu'ster, latitude of. 65 

Literary Association 248 

Locomotive Works 306, 320 

loii);itii(le of. G5 

Lyceum 28, 247 

Macliiiie-Card Factory 312 

Macliiiie Company 3'.'0 

INlHgazine 325 

Median ics' Plialanx 339, 340 

Memorial 324 

Mercantile Advertiser 329 

Mesmeric Institute 246 

Mills 272, 293 

manufacturing; department, 208 

printing dci)artniont 300 

Musical Education Society... 248 
Mutual Fire Insurance Co. . 206 

named 51 

National Bank 25G 

National Guards 344, 3C6 

Oil Cloth Carpet Factory 321 

Operative 358 

Palladium 328 

Paper- Works 314 

Printers' Literary Association 246 

^ Print- Works 294 

fire at 97 

Print- Works and Mills. . .294, 296 

Representative 26, 323 

Reimblican 3.30 

Rifle Company 26, 236 

Saturday Messenger 329 

Savings Rank 2.56 

Section 233 

settlement of 10 

Shoe and I^eather Company. . 315 

Social Union 246 

soldiers, list of. 347 

welcomed home 346 

Spy 331 

Telescope 330 

Transcript 327 

Veterans 240 

Women's Aid and Relief Soc. S07 

\Vorknian 27, 325 

Manufactures 78, '.'67 

summary of 311 

Manufacturer.s, former 319 

miscellaneous 311 

Maple Falls brook 92 

Marines 3G8 

Marshal, city 85, 102 

first 32 

tax-collector 42 



Marslmll, Charles H 89 

Dustin 341 

Marston, C. L 316 

Martin, R. F 197, 314, 372,.417 

Guards 345, 366 

J. P 316 

Ma.son, Capt. John 9, 13 

Masonic relief association 212 

Temple 212 

burned 101. 212 

Masons, Free 211 

Massabesic lake 65, 09, 90, 93 

House 79 

Mast road 18 

Malhos, Tucker & 320 

Maynard, John H 173, 271 

Mayor, election of. 42, 43 

first 31 

votes for 00 

McAlpinc, William J 91 

McCrillis, John A 314 

John B 314 

McDonald, William 120 

McDowell, Alexander 16, 127 

McGaw place 213 

McGregor, Robert 19 

McGregor's bridge 19, 278 

McMurpliy, Alexander 77 

John 13 

McNeil, John 12 

McQueston. David 26S 

Means, William G 136 

Mechanics' — Lodge 227 

Row 79,272, 311, 317, 321 

Are at 100 

Medicine, New Hampshire Journal of 335 

Meeting-house, built by town. .!(!. 17, 128 

made into a dwelling-house. . 129 

made into a town-house 25 

first 12, 129 

com plated 1 37 

in Pisciitaqiiog village. . . 129, 176 

Meeting-houses, barns used for 127 

Memorial 2T 

Amoskeag 323 

Manchester 324 

Mercantile Advertiser, Manchester... 329 

Merchants' — Exch.ange, fire at 98 

Own Journal 331 

Mir. ill, Anson S S2 

cemetery • . • '5 

Henry C 320 

J.E 87 

S.C 100 



456 



Index, 



Merrill, Thomas D 179 

Merrill's Falls 77 

Merrimack — House 79 

Mills 294 

Loilge 230, 231, 235 

River Bank 262 

Biver Savings Bank 2C4 

square 44, 72 

Steam anil Gas Pipe Co 319 

Water Power Company 319 

Mesmeric Institute, Manchester 246 

Messenger and American 324, .327 

City — and Republican 336 

Saturday 30, 324, 329 

Methodist chapel, Second 27, 28, 152 

church, Elm-street 153 

First 2S, 137 

North Elm-street 153 

Second 152, 175, 221 

St. Paul's 154 

Wesley-an 175, '84 

parsonage. First 138 

Sunday-school, First 138 

St. Paul's 154 

Mile brook 69, 73 

Military associations 236 

Mill, first 12 

cotton, tirstin Manche3ter,23, 207 

tirst in the state 267 

Millstone brof k 69 

Mirror and American 80, 3.'?2 

and Farmer 332 

DHily 99, 331 

Dollar Weekly 333. 3:i4 

and New Hnnipihire Jour- 
nal of Agriculture 332,334 

Miscellaneous manufacturers 311 

societies 211 

Mission church 180 

Sunday-school 180 

Missionary, city 176 

Society, City 176 

Mitchell, Retyre 341 

Moderators of town 38 

Moldings, made 31.'}, 318 

Moody, Crain, Leland & 100 

Moor, John G 21, 268 

Moore, Hannah G 345 

Ira 250 

John P 19 

L. P 77 

Pamuel 70 

Moore's Musical Record 336 

village 70 



Morrison, Charles R 67 

George W 341, 344 

Mosquito pond 69 

Moulton. S. S 270 

Mount Horeb Encampment : 217 

Horeb Royal Arch Chap. 211, 215 

St. Mary's Academy 121 

Washington Encampment... 228 

Murder of Anna Ayer 24 

Jeremiah Johnson 'IG 

Jonas I,. Parker 30 

Musical Record, Moore's 336 

Music — Hall 181 

New Hampshire Journ.al of. . 337 
Myers, W. H 372 

Namaoskeag 11 

Namaske Mills 287, 3(i4 

Narragansett townships 12 

War 12 

Nashua Telegraph 336 

National Guards 237, 366 

Hotel 80 

Naturalization in police court 42 

Navy, soldiers in 368 

Needles, knitting, made 316, 317 

Nelson, Davi<l B 343 

Newburyport Veteran Artillery Asso- 
ciation : 240 

Newell, John P 419 

William P 89, 91 

New England— Agricultural Society. . 80 

Cavalry 303 

Excelsior Company 321 

New Hampshire — Agricultural So- 
ciety 80, 331 

a royal province 12 

Cavalry 363 

Central railway 75 

Fire Insurance Company 2GG 

Gazette 335 

Journal of Agriculture — 3.'?2, 334 
Dollar Weekly Mirror & .332, 334 

of Education 335 

of Meilicine 3a5 

of Music 80, 337 

Magazine 327 

Poultry Society 80 

settlement of. 

State Teachers' Association. . 335 
State Temperance Society 330, 334 

Sunday Globe 337 

Temperance Banner 330 

News, Manchester Daily 336 



Index. 



457 



Newspaper, tiist 2(i Patrons of llusbaiulry 243 



Newspapers 80, 323 

Niagara Division 233 , 

Nuns, teacliors ill public schools 120 

Nut(iel<l 10 

Nutt's pond 13, 09 

Oiia Fellows 221 

buililing association 223 

INIutual Life Insurance Co 224 

relief association 224 

Ottering, Lowell, Operatives' Maga- 
zine and 329 

Officers, tieUl, staft" and line 369 

of city 33, 83 

of schools 122 

of town 33 

OftUtt, E.V 99 

i)il Cloth Carpet Factory, Manchester 321 

Olzendani, A. P 313, 421 

Onward Council 244 

Operative, Manchester 328 

Operatives' Magazine and Lowell Of- 
fering 329 

Organ, Junto 335 

Orphan Asylum, Roman Cath..2(i, 195, 277 

Orpheus 245 

Owl 326 

Paige, J. VV. & Company 289 

Warren 271 

Palladium, Manchester 328 

Paper — Company, Blodget 319 

Eagle 321 

hangings made 319 

made 315, 321 

Mill, Amoskeag 314 

Uncanoonuc iI5 

Works, Manchester 314 

Park square 72, 73 

Parker, Henry E 136 

James 268 

Joel 42 

Jonas L., murder of. 30 

Nathan 153, 164. 320, 422 

William 183, 185 

William M 44 

Parsonage, Episcopal 159 

First Methodist 138 

S(. Ann's 195 

St. Augustine's 195 

St. Joseph's 195 

Passiconnaway 9, 10 

Pastor, longest terra of service in 
Manchester 133 



Patten, William 99, 201 

Patten's block, lire in 88, 99 

Patterson, John 86 

Payson, S. R 306 

While, & Company 297 

Pennacook Dose Company 86 

Indians 371 

People, Concord 327 

People's Herald 324 

Manchester Memorial and. . 325 

Savings Bank.. 265 

Perry, William G 276 

Pest-house 83 

Pettee, Holmes R 314 

Horace 314 

Peuple, La Voix du 336 

Phalanx, Manchester Mechanics*. 339, 340 

Putnam 240 

Pherson, John F 86 

Philbrick, Albinus 312 

Phoenix 335 

Pickels, William 129 

Pickers, power-loom, made 312 

Picks, made 308 

Pierce, Franklin 2.39 

Nathan H 82 

Thomas P 261, 341 

Pinkcrton, George W 3-20 

Piper, Benjamin H 313 

Piscataquog Aid Society 206 

river 18, 183, 318 

Sunday-school 185 

village, 12, 42, 70. 99, 111, 176, 
182, 183, 184, 204, 206, 214, 
245, 249, 252, 297, 318. 

academy 184 

Pitcher, Larned 23, 268, 269 

Police 84 

iirst 26 

court, allowed to naturalize. . 85 

clerk of. 42, 85 

j ustices of 32, 42, 84, 85 

Polls 32, 66 

Ponds 69, 92 

Population 27, 32, 65 

Porter, Alfred 318 

Portsmouth & Concord railway 75 

Post, Louis Bell 241 

office 249 

Potter, Chandler E 44, 84, 92, 424 

Pound 20, 83 

Preaching maintained by town. ... 16, 17 

Presbyterian — Board of ^Missions. ... 184 

church at Bedford Centre . . . 183 

20 



458 



Index. 



I'resbyteriaii cluirch at ^rancliester 

Centre 130 

at Piscatiiquog village 182 

doctrine taught 1K5 

settlers 10 

Presbytery, Londomlerry 132, 184 

Prichard. Benjamin 23, 267, iCS 

Print-clolhs, nia<le 300 

ininted 302, 321 

Print- Works, Belmont 321 

IManebester 294 

tire at 97 

Protestant cbuvcbes 130 

Providence Light Infantry 240 

Veteran Association 240 

Public buildings 81 

Forum 337 

library 43, 44, 88 

Puraping-station at water-works. . .92, 94 

Putney, P. B 261 

Pythian relief association 231 

Pythias, Knights of 2 9 

Quartermasters 309 

Quimby, Thomas L 77 

Railway, CouGord 28 

horse 76 

Suncook Valley 66, 70 

Railways 75 

Iliind, Jonathan 109 

Rangers, of Derry field 1.5 

Rifle 342 

Ray— brook 69 

cemetery 75 

John C 81 

Reading-room, in public library . .. 89 
Young Men's Christian Asso- 
ciation 204 

Young Women's Christian 

Association 205 

Real estate, value of. 66 

Rebellion, Manchester in the a'39 

Soldiers of the 347 

War of the 339 

Record, Literary, Iris & 326 

Moore's Musical 336 

Reeds, made 312 

Reform school, state .... 80 

Regiment, N. H. V., First, 240, 340, 341, 347 

Second . 340, .•J47 

Third 342. 344, :!49 

Fourth 241, 342, 346, 351 

Fifth 353 



Regiment, N. H. V., Sixth 354 

Seventh 343, 354 

Eighth 343, 355 

Ninth 343, 357 

Tenth 343, 344, 346, 358 

Eleventh 360 

Twelfth 346, 361 

Thirteenth 345, '346 

Fourteenth 362 

Fifteenth 362 

Si.xteenth 362 

Seventeenth 345 

Eighteenth 362 

Unknown 368 

Irish 343 

H. A., First 345, 364 

U. S. A., First 368 

U.S. S., First 367 

Second 368 

Religious societies 127 

Representative, Amoskeag 323 

first, from Manchester by it- 
self 24 

classed with Litchfield 19 

Manchester 26, 323 

men 373 

Republican, City Messenger & 336 

Manchester 336 

True 336 

Reservoir, Amoskeag Company's. .93, 286 

city's 93 

Reservoirs for tire purposes. .28, 29, 44, 87 

Residence of B. F. Martin 372 

of Frederick Smyth 371 

of Waterman Smith 372 

Reynolds, Henry C 308, 313 

Richardson, Charles L 276 

E.P 341 

WiUiam 90 

Riddell, John 12 

Riddle, George W 67 

Isaac 31, 32, 84, 320, 341 

William P 213, 214, 426 

Ritie Company, Manchester 236 

Rangers 342 

Rifles, Amoskeag 342 

Haines 240 

Smyth 237 

Straw 240 

Rising Sun Lodge 230 

Robinson, Olney 23, 268 

Rock Raymond 68 

Rimmon 68 

Rogers, Bryant & 371 



Indkx. 



459 



Rogers, Uobert 15 

KoUe, William M "4 

Kails, miwlo 313 

Uoinaii-Ciitliolic— cemetery 75 

churches 139 

convent 195 

French 195, '200 

Orphan Asylum '2(5, 1!)5, 277 

jiroiicrty 1% 

schools 120 

temperance societies 236 

Rowell, Joseph M 30, 252 

Roland C 85 

Riindlett, Thomas 213 

Russell, Barr & Company 270 

LobaoU& 270 

Ryan, John Ifi4 

Salaries of— city officers S3 

clerk of the police court 85 

engineers 86 

.justice of police court . 85 

librarian of public library. .. 89 

police 85 

sell to! committee 11" 

superintendent of schools . . 118 

teachers 118 

Sanborn, Alden W 314 

Seth J 200 

Sargent, I. evi 271 

Sashes made 313, 320 

Saturday Messenger 30, .324, .329 

Night Disi.atch 80, .3.37 

Sawyer, J. B 90 

J. C 315 

pond 92 

Sayles, Willard 23, 268, 269 

Scales made 320 

School, Amoskeag grammar 116 

Ash-street grammar ... 114 

bell, first rung from city hall, 29 

committee 112, 117, 122 

salary of. 117 

districts. .19, 25, 27, 109 

consolidated 43, 112 

East grammar 114 

evening 119 

high, 44, 112 

house, Falls Ill 

first 19 

in districts six and nine 28 

in districts three and four... 27 

old high 27 

intermediate 116 



.School, Lincoln-street 115 

North grammar 114 

Park -street grammar 115 

Piscata/iudg grammar 115 

property Ill 

South grammar 113 

state reform 80, 100 

Wilson-hill 114 

Schools 109 

first 109 

Roman Catholic 120 

superinten<lent of. .43, 44, 112, 
117, 122. 
Scotch Irish settlers of Londomlerry.. 10 

Seandess bags ' 293 

Seccomb, Rev. Mr 127 

Section. Manchester 23.3 

Selectmen of town 33 

Self-propellers, niiide 285 

Settlement of — Londonderry 10 

Manchester 10 

New Hampshire 9 

Settlers of Londonderry, Scotch Irish 10 

.Sewers 29, 31, 44, 68, 71 

Sewing-machine attachments, bob- 
bin-winders and thumb-screws, 

made 318 

Shackbur:^, Dr 15 

Shannon, Josiah 297 

Sharpshooters, U. S., First regiment.. 367 

Second regiment 368 

Shattuck, Amos B 84 

Brooks 81 

Shaw, Edward 29 

William M 319 

Sheep, value of 66 

Sheetings made 269, 283, 292, 304 

Shepherd, Samuel 320 

William 31, 271 

Shepley, John 12 

Sheridan Guards 240 

Shirtings, made 269, 283, 304 

Shoddy, made 306 

Shoe and Leather Company 315 

Shoes, dressing for, made 316 

manufacture of. 100, 316, 321 

Shuttles, made 312 

Sidewalks 44 

Silesias, made 304 

Simmons, George R 86 

Slack. R. H 197 

Slade, James 71 

Slater, Samuel 23, 268, 269 

Small-pox 19, 25, 27 



460 



Index. 



Smith, Isaac W 67, 84, 89 

John A. V 312 

Joseph L 315 

Waterman. .89, 98, 104. 320, .•J72 428 
Smyth, Frederick G(i, SO, 201, 310, 34-.', 
:i46,371, 430. 

Killes 237 

Smyth's block, built 201 

trees in frout of 68 

Societies, miscellaneous 211 

musical 245 

of (litlerent kinds 243 

temperance '•^Sl 

Society, Antiquarian Sacred Musical, 248 

Baptist, First 145 

Merrimack-street 174 

Second 189 

Christian 193 

Congregational, First. 134, 136, 165 

Franklin-street 167 

Second 165 

Donitstic Benevolent 194 

Freewill Baptist, Elm-street.. 190 

First 148, 187 

Merriniaek-street 190 

Pine street 187 

Kandall 190 

Manchester District Medical.. ■J4r. 
Mancliester Musical Educa- 

cation 248 

Manchester Women's Aid \' 

Belief. 207 

New Hamp.shire Agricultur- 
al 80, 331 

New Hampshire State Tem- 
perance 330 

Pis^ca'aquog Aid 206 

St. Jean Baptiste 245 

Unitarian 160 

Universalist, Elm-street. . . 181 

First 139 

Second 180 

Soda, made 318 

Soldiers, Mancliester, list of. 347 

welcomed home 346 

Solicitors of city 59 

Sons of Temperance 232 

Southwark, Jane 70 

Taylor M 70 

Souvenir, Iris & 326, 327 

Literary 326 

Sovereigns of Industry 244 

Spear, J ustin 341 

Spoflfbrd, John T 251 



Spokes, made 313 

Spooner, Harrison 306 

Spy, llaradon's Weekly 331 

Manchester 331 

Squares 44, 72 

St. Ann's church 120, 194 

parsonage 195 

St. Augustine's church 195 

parsonage 195 

St. Jean Baptiste Society 245 

St. John's Total Abstinence Society. . 236 

St. Joseph's church 121, 195 

parsouaf;c 195 

St. Michael's church 28. 156, 196 

St. Patrick's Mutual Benetit and J'ro- 

tective Association 244 

St. Paul's Total Abstinence Society. . 236 

Statt" officers 369 

Stages '76 

Stanley, Clinton W 67, 433 

Stanton Ben : F 89 

Stark, Archibald H 

Frederick G 82, 268, 3>l 

Guards 236, 342 

house 81 

John 15,18,24, 80 

Lodge 235 

Mills 271,272, 287 

agent's house 26 

counting-room 270 

tire at Oil 

place 24 

Velerans -37 

William 44 

Stark's tomb 24 

Star of Bethlehem 325 

Stars and Stripes 335 

State Fire Insurance Company 266 

Statesman, Independent 329 

Station, passenger 76 

pumping 92 

Stationary engines made 285 

Steam & Gas-Pipe Company. Merri- 
mack 319 

Steam tire engines, made 285 

Stevens, Aaron F 346 

A. G : 271 

Daniel L 271 

David ....23, 267 

Ephraim 23, 82, 267 

G. W 271 

Josiah 77 

Phinehas 271 

pond 69, 29 



Index. 



461 



Stevens, Robert 23, 2G7 

Stick iioy, Thomas 21 

Stock ill trade in city, value of. 66 

Stockings, made 313 

Stocks in banks in city, value of C6 

Stokes, Benjamin S 312 

Stone, Eliza P 345 

Joseph 297 

Straw, E. A. .66, 89, 90, 91, 275, 305. 320, 434 

Herman F 275 

Kities 240 

Streets . . 67 

lighted 44 

superintendent of 68 

Sulliva:n, Camp 342 

SuUoway. Cyrus A 67 

Su^uter, Fort 339 

Suncook Valley railway 66, 76 

Sunday-school, Baptist, First 145 

Merrimack-street 174 

Christian 194 

Congregational, First 133 

Franklin-street 170 

Episcopal 159 

Freewill Baptist, Merrimack- 
street ini 

Pine-street 186 

Methodist, First 138 

St. Paul's 154 

Mission 180 

Piscataquog 185 

Second Advent 192 

Unitarian 164 

Universalist, Elm-street 182 

First 142 

Superintendent of schools. 43, 44, 112, 117 

salary of 118 

ol state reform school 81 

of streets 68 

Surgeons 369 

Swamscott Lodge 230 

Tasker, J. C 320 

Taxes 34, 66 

collector of 42 

Taylor, Joel 251 

Teacher, first 109 

Teachers, salaries of 118 

state — association 119 

Telegraph, fire alarm 87 

Franklin 79 

Nashua 336 

Western Union 79 

Telescope, Manchester .330 



Temperance Banner, New Hamp- 
shire :m 

cadets 236 

Cadets of. 233 

Daughters of. 233 

League, Women's 236 

Society, New Hampshire State, 330 

societies 231 

Sons of. 232 

Templars, Good 234 

Temple, Cold Water 235 

hall 173 

Masonic 212 

fire in 101, 212 

of Honor 2.33, 235 

Tenney, Franklin 101, 277 

Tickings, A. C. A 96, 269 

made 269, 283 

Tirtany , Lyman 23, 268, 269 

Tillotson, B. M 44 

Times, Lake Village 336 

Tools, made 285 

Topliff, Elij.ihM 67, 84 

Torrent, White Mountain 328 

Towelings, made. 292, 318 

Towle, Hiram 70 

Towlesville 70, 316 

Town — clerks 39 

farm 28, 82 

house, built 27 

burned 29, 95, 167 

converted from meeting- 
house 25 

re-built 29, 167 

hundredth anniversary of. ... 44 

incorporated 13 

meeting, day of. 20 

first 15 

first in new village 27 

vacated 16, 128 

moderators of. 38 

officers 33 

selectmen of. 33 

Transcript, Manchester 327 

Treasurers of city 59 

of public library 89 

Tremont square 44, 72, 73 

Trinity Commandry 212, 216 

Encampment 216, 217 

True Republican 336 

Trustees of public library 88, 89 

Tubbee, Okali 215 

Tubbs, E. M 277, 315 

Tucker & Mathes 320 



462 



Index. 



Tucker, Rev. Mr 207 

Turnverein 245 

Turbine wlieels, niaile 285 

Tyiig, William 12 

TyngstowH 12 

Uiicanoonuc luouiitaitis 372 

Paper-Mill 315 

Union— Assiociation 151, 1C4, 187 

Blackniar 233 

Degree Lodge 224, 235 

Democrat 80, 327, 332 

Grand 233 

Guards 339 

Machinists & Hlaeksmiths'. . . 235 

Maiicliexter, Choral £45 

Daily 80, 333 

Social 24() 

National Catholic Total Ab- 
stinence 23C 

Number Six : 233 

Weekly 99, 333 

Unitarian chapel 28, 29, 152, 1C4 187 

church Ill, 162, 199 

society 16(i 

Sunday-school 164 

reduced to one class 163 

Universalist church. Elm-street 182 

First 27, 139, 141, 148 

Second 139 

society. Elm-street 181 

First 139, 180 

Second 180 

Sunday-scliool, Elm-street. . . 182 

First 142 

Upjohn, Richard 197 

Upton, Samuel 84, 342 

Valley cemetery 27 

Valuation of city 06 

of town 32 

Value of— city property 66 

cows (>6 

factories and machinery 66 

horses 66 

polls 66 

real estate 66 

school property Ill 

sheep 66 

stock in trade 60 

stocks in banks 66 

Varick, John 15 112 

Varney, 1). B 96, 316, 438 

James M 341 

Veteran Reserve Corps 366 



Veterans, Amoskeag 237 

Mancliester 240 

Stark 237 

Vickery & Company 318 

W.H 86 

Village, Amoskeag. . 12, 42, 70, 100, 111, 
130, 131, 139, 141, 143, 183, 
249,253,273,315,321. 

Moore's 70 

Piscataquog. .12, 42, 70, 99, 111, 
176, 182, 183, 184, 185, 204, 
206, 214, 245, 249, 2£,2, 297, 318 

Villages 70 

Visitor, Farmers' Monthly. . .331. 332, 333 

(iiaiiite Farmer .t :. . 3,'54 

Literary 3;i6 

Voix, La— du Peuple .3,36 

Votes lor mayor at each election (JO 

Vulcan Works 306 

Walcott, Philemon 268 

Wallace, A. C 91, 99, 315, 317, 318, 341 

C. W 31,44, 136, 439 

William 208 

War, French and Indian 13 

Nai ragansett 12 

of 1812 24 

of the Rebellion 339 

Revolutionary 17, 18 

Seven Years' 15 

Wards 42, 43 

Warren, C. F 310 

S. D 314 

Washington, George 219 

Lodge 212, 219 

Waste, made •. 315 

Watch, captain of the 85 

Watchmen 85 

Water-Power Company, Amoskeag 

Land and 274, 275 

Merrimack 319 

Water- Works 29, 43, 44, 90 

commissioners of. 91 

engineer of. 94 

Watson, Alexander T 345 

Watts, Horace P 318 

Webber, Samuel 341, 342 

Webster, John 19 

United States General Hospi- 
tal 345 

William A 345 

William B 305 

Webster's Mills 13 

Wells, Charles 30, 222, 250 



Index. 



463 



Wentwortli, Asa 30 

Boiiniiig 13, 18 

IKiiry T 30 

Ilonu'0 30 

Wcsleyuix Metbotiist chiircli 17G 

■\Vestern Uiiiou Telegraph 7!) 

Weston, Amos 21 

farm 129 

James A 21, 07. 7G, 90, 440 

Jason 2r>l 

Wheelwright, John !» 

Whipple, Thomas J 346 

White. D. K 100 

Mount.ain Torrent .328 

Pajsoii & Company 297 

Whitney, Henry S 271 

Whittle, William 297 

W^iggln, John S 31 

Wildey Lodge 228 

Wilkiiis, James JIcKeen 81 

\Vil.><on hill 372 



Wilson hill school 114 

Wilson, II. T 129 

Newton. II 84, 85 

Winch. Isaiah 221 

Window— frames, made 317 

sashes made 318 

Winuipcsaukee Gazette 335 

Women's Aid & Relief Society, Man- 
chester 207 

Temperance League 236 

Wonolaiiset Encampment 225 

Wooden wares, made 312 

Wool pulled 314 

Workingmen's associations 247 

Workman, Manchester 27, 325 

Worsted goods, dyed 302 

made 300 

Yankee Doodle 15 

Young, John C 345 

Youngsville 70 



PLUMER, CHANDLER & CO., 



DIOALKKS IN 



Ready-Made Clothing! 



FURIfflSHIIVa GOODS, 



^%^^'^^^s:^^ 




AND 

MANUFACTURERS 

OF 



897 "St 899J 

ELM ST., ' 



Manchester, No H, 



Steiiiway y^^'^!^^^^^^ ' 
& Sous TKC- 



Hallett, Dayisl^vs 
&Co. ^"^ 




Mi CMrcli 
&Co., 



Arlington 
Piano Co., 



ORGrikNe XyiiLOE BIT 

THE MASON & HAMLIN ORGAN CO, 

Very Low, for Cash, or on time, at 

V^Z:,^T'\ Baldwin ^ ^atchelde^'s. 



W<iul( 



;ttully infonii tlif citizens oftliis (Aty iitid ;iil.joinii)}>; towns, tliat they 
cmitimiij in tlu'ir Imsincss ol' 



uhdehtakers, at the old staud, 

w imli ii:is lici'M oi-cupiecl tor the past Iliirl y years Uiv this basiiiess, 
OPPOSITE THE CHURCH, HANOVER ST. 
We will attend lo all business enirusteil to ns with indniptness and tPiidev regrard 
Ihr the atliicted. We Ueep the lar!,'est assoitnn-nt of Coliins, Caskets, Kobes and Un- 
dertakers' Materials that is to be I'.nuid in this city, and our pricks SHALL HE THE 
LOWKS'I'. We will furnish Cut Flowers. Wreaths, Cresses, tfc., and have them pre- 
serve<l in wax at short notice. We have the best and latest style Hear.sk in the citv, 
and can be found at our store at any hour of the. day or night, by ringing the bell. 
We ask any that are obliged to buy these Goods, to please call before purchasing. 

M. O. I'E.VK.SIIX. F. L. WALL.VC'E. 

Mannfaeturers ami Dealers in 

Agents for Magee's new Plate Iron Furnaces, for heating Churches, 
Halls and Dwelling-houses. 

Warr.mted to give entire satistaetion. Send for Descriptive Book. 
STAN I*. t HI} J' OUT. 4 ItLE ItAyGK, the best cooking ai)iiaratus in the market. 

SrAM).lH/> I'AKLon heater, a new .and beautiful stove. 
COOI\I\a AND l'AIi1AHt STOfES in great variety; UoUotv Ware, Caul- 
dron KeltleM, Sinh-K, and a complete line of Kitchen furnishing goods. 
Special attention given to Pluiubing— good workmen and Plumbers' material con- 
stantly on hand, and will warrant all work entrusted to our care to f;ive satisfaction. 
073 Elm (Street, MAlVCIIESTl!:!?, N. H. 



JOHN B. VARICK, 



DKAi.ii; r\ 




Hardware, Iron # Steel, Paints, Oils ■# Glass, 

AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS AND SEEDS, LEATHER AND 
RUBBER BELTING, LACINGS ; 

Carriage Wheels, Seats, Felloes and Spokes, 

Corclaefe, S?slieet I^eivtl, Lead. I*ipc, <&«., «fec;., 

809 Si 811 Elm Street, MANCHESTER, N. 11. 

Hunt & Lowell, 

Manufacturers. 

Repairingof all descriptions. 

Painting, Tr:mminr, 

Woodwork ami Blacksinitliing-. 
HorsesLoeing in all its Branches. 

No. 51 Lowell st„ Manchester, N. H. 

.1. W. M. HUNT. SAM C. LOWELL. 

Hayes & Co., Wholesale Liquor Dealers, 

15 & 17 Mercantile Block. Manchester, N. H. 

We invaiiaVdy IidUI tlie largest utovk of I'me Liijnors in Ihe state. Onlurs by mail 
or express promptly attended to ami satislaction {guarantee 1. 

JAMES G. STURGIS, M. D., 

PETSiCIAlY ANiD §UE#E01, 

Brown's Block, 712 Elm Street, Manchester, ^Y. If. 

Residence 148 Pearl Street 
983 ELM STREET (EstaiMisii^d in iSB-^ ) M'.I^C'-'rsTER N. H. 

DEALERS IN STAPLE DRY GOODS, 

Choice Family and Fancy Groceries, Flour, Fine Teas, Coffees, 

Spices, Nuts, Fruit, both Foreign and Domestic ; Potash, Tar. 

Rosin, Gunpowder, Fishing Tackle, &.C., &.C., 

THIOS. J^. I_,^IsrE!, 

Steam, Gas I Water Pipes, Iron i Brass Fittings, 

steam Pumps. Injectors, Gauyes, Whistles. Vaivcs, Cocks, &c. 
Gas Fixtures, Chandeliers. Pendants. Brackets, &,c., 

Agt. for I'at \VriMi;,dit Iron KuameK'd \Vater Pipe. Agl. for Knowlts Steam Pumps. 



WELL'S BLOCK, SPRING STREET, 



MANCHESTER, N. H. 



BUSINESS DIRECTORY. 



BILLIARD HALLS. 

"Pheiiix," 1296 Elm st., Gatthey & Stowe. liesideiice, National Hotel. 

BAKKRY. 
C. C. Fisk, 09 Hanover st. Residence, 3-22 Park St. 

BOOKS AND STATIONKRY. 
E. R. Cohurn. 10 Hanover St. Residence, Hall st. 
A. Qiiinibv, 7 Hanover st. Resilience, 43 Hanover st. 

Wni. H. Kisk. No. 4 Methodist Clinrcli Block. Residence, Manchester House. 
C. E. Nutting, No. 2 City Hall, Elm st. Residence, 301 Amherst st. 

BOOTS AND SHOES. 
Frederick C. Dow, Merrimack Block, 832 Elm st. Residence, 263 Hanover st. 

COAL AND ICE. 
Dickey, Young & Co., 690 Elm st. 

COUNSELORS. 
John H. .\ndrews. Patten's Block, north entrance. Residence, 136 Myrtle St. 
William R. Patten, Patten's Block, north entrance. Residence, Haseltine House. 
Henry E. Burnham, Patten's Block, north entrance. Residence, 407 Hanover st. 
Isaac" L. Heath. Patten's Block, south entrance. Residence, Haseltine House. 
Frank Hiland. Patten's Block, north entrance. Resilience, Haseltine House. 
David Cross, Patten's Block. Residence, 15.52 Elm st. 
S. I). Lord, 2 Union Building, 898 Elm st. Residence, 341 Hanover st. 
N. P. Hunt, Patten's Block. Residence, No. 38 Ash st. 
C. A. O'Conner, 801 Elm st. Residence, Haseltine House. 

C. A. Sullowav, Patten's Block. Res., 324 Manchester St., cor. Manchester and Maple. 
A. C. Osgood, Granite Block. Residence, 281 Central st. 

Samuel Upton, Merchants' E.xchange. Residence, Concord St., cor. Beech st. 
J. W Fellows, Merchants' Exchange. Residence, cor. Pearl and Union sts. 
Henry \V. Towksbury, Towne's Block. Residence, 95 Harrison st. 
Charles H. Bartlett, Riddle's Block. Residence, cor. High and Pine sts. 
James F. Briggs. Patten's Block. Residence, 148 Concord st. 
Henry S. Clark, 8.59 .Merchants' P>xchange, Elm st. Res., cor. Pine .and Lowell sts 
Henry H. Huse, Patten's Block. Residence, Walnut St., cor. Bridge st. 

CLOTHING. 
Jolin Lee, 7 Patten's Block. Residence, 311 Manchester st. 
Cumner & Co., 88S Elm st. B. G. Cuinner, N. W. Cumner. 
A. H. Weston, 836 Elm st. Residence, cor. Chestnut and Prospect. 
Folsom & Son, No. 3 City Hall Building. J. S. Folsom, J. A. Folsom. 
Edwin Kennedy, 946 Elm st. 

.1. W. C. Pickering, 994 Elm st. Residence, Harrison st., cor. Union st. 
Joseph Freschl, 770 Elm st. 

John D. Bean, 1005 Elm st. Residence, cor. Pine and Concord sts. 
Phinier. Chan.ller & Co., 897 and 899 Elm st. 
P. K. Chandler, 9.30 Elm st. Residence, 143 Myrtle st. 



CROCKERY, CHINA AND TABLE CUTLERY. 

Clias. A. Smith, No. 3 Patten's Block. Residence, 593 Beech st. 

CIVIL ENGINEERS. 

Ellis & Patterson, Ri<Mle's Block, 885 Elm St. 

C ARRIAGE MANUFACTURERS. 
J. Wilson M. Hunt, N'o. 51 Lowell st. Residence, 20 Ash st. 
A. W. Sanborn. No. IIGS Elm st. Residence, cor. Bridge and Beech sts. 
J. B. McCrillis & Son, cor. Bridge and Wilson sts. Residence, 520 Beech st. 

CIGAR MANUFACTURER. 

Geo. H Hubbard, 1'.' Hanover st , opp. P. O. 

CLOAK MANUFACTURER. 
\V. P. Rnndloit & Co., Cloak Rtooms 49 Hanover st. 

DRV GOODS. 
I?art<in & Co , 840 and 851 Elm st 

G. H. Tansweil, 20 Hanover st. Residence, 241 Central st. 
Waite Bros., No. 1 Masonic Temi)le, Hanover st. 
Holton & Sprague, 8.15 Elm st., .Merchants' Exchange. 

George S. Holmes, No. 3 (Jlobe Blo<-k, Hanover st. Resilience, 204 and 296 Hanover st. 
S. P. Jackson, Jackson & Co.. 861 Elm st. 
A. Jackson, Jackson & Co., 861 Elm st. 

DRUGGISTS. 
Z. F. Campbell, cor. Elm and Amherst sts. Residence, 474 Pine st. 
(;has .M. Joues, 1133 Elm St. Residence, 29 Ash st. 
John R. Hanson. 1167 Elm st. Residence, Lowell st., cor. Beacon st. 
G. E. Hall, cor. Elm and Hanover sts. 

FRUIT, CONFECTIONERY AND TOYS. 

E. O. .-Vbbott, 989 Elm st. Residence. 43 Walnut st. 

FANCY GOODS. 
James Holmes, 860 Elm st. Residence, Chestnut st. 

FURNITURE. 
Wm. Parker, jr., 984 K^m st. Re.*idence. 2.53 Central st. 
Parker & Gordon. 824 Elm st. Residence, .361 Hanover st. 
John E. Bcunett, T.'>2 Elm st. Residence, Manchester House. 

FLOUR AND GRAIN. 
H. & H. R. Pettee. 754 Elm .st. Residences, 362 Hanover st. and 448 .Amherst st. 
Watts & Holmes, 698 Elm st., cor. of Central st. 

GROCERS. 
Henry C. Merrill. 928 Eltn st. Residence. 119 Myrtle st. 

A. .M. Easfnian. 8.50 Elm st. Residence, 275 Hanover st. 

Eager & Robinson. 776 Elm st. J. Q. A. Eager, Fred A. Robinson. 
J. M. Chandler & Co., 983 Elm .st. J. M. Chandler, G. B. Chandler. 
Andrew JMc^Nab, 750 Elm st. Residence, 368 Manchester st. 
Jolin Sweeney. t;87 Elm st. Residence, cor. Elm and Central sts. 
Locke & Demick, 71 Hanover st. R. M. Locke, L. B. Demick. 

F. M. Boire & Co., 1076 Elm st. Residence, n2 Chestnut st. 
O. Burpee, 1139 Elm st. Residence. 15 Laurel st. 

D. M. Poore, 1163 Elm st. Residence, 85 Blodget st. 
Moodv & Co., 1217 Elm st. 

B. P. Burpee, 744 Elm st. Residence, Merrimack st. 

Octave L. .Me.-<sier, 9S2 and 988 Elm st. Residence, 102 Manchester st. 

Daniel Cminor, 611 and 613 Elm st. 

Fhuiders & Benson, 820 Elm st. 

Stearns & Farmer, City Hall building, Elm st. Geo. H. Stearns, C. W. Farmer. 

E. L. Gauvreau & Co , Connor Block, Elm St., opp. National Hotel. 
A, Mallard & Son, 129, 131 and 133 Merrimack st. 

HARDWARE, AGRICULTURAL IMPLE.MENTS, ETC. 
Daniels & Company, No. 1 Patten's Block, 9.38 Elm st. 
W. C Rogers, lOdii Elm st. Residence, Haseltine House. 
John B. ^■a^ick, S09 and si I Elm st. Residence, 537 Union st., cor. Concord st. 



HOTKLS. 
P. \V. Haseltiiie, Haseltine House. Manchester St. 
JdIiii II. Wilkv. Nalinnal Hotel. Kliu iiml Granite st.«. 
F. A. iMcI..iii|j;iilin, City Hotel, Kim st. 

HARNESS AND CAUKIAGE .MART. 
Eilwin Branch, ojip. City Hotel. Residence, 130 Pearl st. 

INSURANCE AGENTS. 
John C. French. 589 Elm st. 

G M. Sanhorn, Tnwne's Block. Kesidence, 318 Manchester st. 
Cl.irence M. Eilgi'rly, liiU Elm st., Oimeklee's Block. 
W. G. Everett, 85'J Elm st. Residence, River Road, north. 

JEWELERS AND WATCH-MAKERS. 
Dunlai) & Baker, !•.")<• Elm st., cor. Amlierst st. 
Eangdon Simons, 1019 Elm st., Mercantile Block. Residence, 16 High st. 

LIVERY STABLES. 
Raymond & McLaughlin, 23 Lowell st. W. A. Raymond, Fred A. McLaughlin. 

LUMBER. 

A. Dinsmore, cor. Elm and Summer sts. Residence, cor. Beech and Pearl sts. 

LEATHER AND SHOE FINDINGS. 

Jeremiah Stickney, 1070 and 1072 Elm st. Residence, cor. Chestnut and Harrison sts. 

MUSIC AND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS. 
I. S. Whitney, S6G Elm St., Ferren's Building. Re.«idence, 241 Central st. 
Baldwin & Batchelder, 9 Hanover st., over PosiOttice. 

MARBLE WORKERS. 
Palmer & (iarmon, GOJ Elm st. I. D. Palmer, W. G. Garmou, C. D. Palmer. 

MILLINERY. 
Thomas ^Morgan, No. 13 Central Block. 

MINERAL AND SODA WATER. 
F. L. Gray, 808 Elm st. Residence, 143 Pearl st. 

PHYSICIANS. 
W. F. Byriis. M. D.. Brown's BuiMing, Elm st. Residence. Haseltine House. 
James G. Sturgis, M. D., Ottlce, 712 Eiin sr. Residence, 148 Pearl st. 
C A. Manning, M. D., Office, 10 Towne"s Block. Re'sidence, 431 Manchester st. 

PHOTOGRAPHERS. 
Stephen Piper, No. 90-5 Elm st. Residence, ditto. 
S. D. Quint. No. 939 Elm st. Residence, 550 Chestnut st. 
A. H. Sanborn, No. 996 Elm st. Residence, 11 Towne's Block. 

PLUMBER AND GAS-FITTER. 
Thos. A. Lane, 1 and 2 Wells' Block, Spring st. Residence, Clay St., near Elm st. 

PAINTERS. 

Joel Daniels, Smyth's Block, Elm st. Residence, 32 Ash st. 

RESTAURANTS, 
Leander Pope, 622 Elm st. 
Barrett & Hunt, 1143 Elm st. Residence of J. W. Barrett, 332 Merrimack st. 

STEAM-HEATING APPARATUS. 
J. Q. A. Sargent, Haseltine House. Residence, 499 Beech st. 

SPORTING GOODS. 
Vickery & Stevens, 1043 Elm st. 

STOVES. 
Sullivan Bros., cor. Elm & Concord sts. and Brown's Block, south end Elm st. 
Pike & Heald, 972 Elm st.. Central Building-. R. H. Pike. C. N. Heald. 
D. Milton Goodwin, 710 Elm st. Residen.-e. Park St.. Hallsville. 
Fairbanks & Folsom, 762 Elm st. H. B. Fairhaiiks. W. T. Folsoni. 



TOBACCONlS'iS. 

J. B. Scott & Co., 796 and 7!)8 Elm st. Keswlence, 362 Jlerriniack st. 
A. D. Himkins, 875 Elm st. 

UNDERTAKERS. 
Pearson & Wallace, o(>|>. Hanover st. Church. 
Hamilton Melemly, 93 Hanover st. 

UPHOLSTERY GOODS. 
Robert D. (iay, Xo. 1 Mas'Uiic Teniiile. Residen'-e, 86 Prosi>ect st. 

WINES. LIQUORS, ETC. 
Hayes & Co.. 1.5 and 17 Concord St., Mercantile Block. Res., Harrison st. cor. Oak st. 
Patrick Fahey & Co., 731 Elm st. 

WOOD DK.VLERS. 
G. A. Clarke, 374 Chestnut st. 

WOOD WOKKKKS, 
J. Hodge, Elm st., cor. Auburn st. Residence, 454 Amherst St., cor. Hall. 

WOOD AND COAL. 
E. P. Johnson & Co., 668 Elm st. 



